Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University | Socio-psychological

Benevolent and corrective humor are two comic styles that have been related to virtue, morality, and character strengths. A previous study also supported the viability of measuring these two styles with the BenCor in 22 countries. The... more

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- by Alyona Ivanova and +2
  Olga Shcherbakova
  Angélica Quiroga-Garza
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- 3
  Psychology, Cognitive Science, Happiness Studies

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- by Alyona Ivanova
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- 4
  Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry, Humor psychology, Humor Studies

Different phenomena related to humour and laughter, such as humour styles, gelotophobia, gelotophilia and katagelasticism, were investigated in a series of psychological studies in Russia. As far as the samples were rather heterogeneous... more

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- by Alyona Ivanova
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- 3
  Russian Studies, Humor psychology, Humour Studies

The editorial article for the special issue of EJHR "Laughter and Humour in Communication" provides an overview of all the presented articles and highlights the general idea of the issue.

associated with self-stigmatisation, whereas in the group of neurological patients it was not. Thus, in this study gelotophobia was examined for the first time in patients with non-psychotic mental disorders, as well as in those with... more

EN The article below presents psychological syndromic analysis, traditional for Russian clinical psychology, as a useful methodology to study sense of humour disorders in mental patients. The sense of humour, like other mental functions,... more

The article below presents psychological syndromic analysis, traditional for Russian clinical psychology, as a useful methodology to study sense of humour disorders in mental patients. The sense of humour, like other mental functions,... more

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- by Alyona Ivanova
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- 4
  Humor (Psychology), Humor Studies, Sense of Humor, Psychology of Humor

associated with self-stigmatisation, whereas in the group of neurological patients it was not. Thus, in this study gelotophobia was examined for the first time in patients with non-psychotic mental disorders, as well as in those with... more

Introduction. Investigating early changes in the emotional sphere within the schizophrenia course is a perspective direction in clinical psychology and psychiatry. Intactness of positive emotions, in particular, humour perception, may be... more

The editorial article for the special issue of EJHR “Laughter and Humour in Communication” provides an overview of all the presented articles and highlights the general idea of the issue.

Gelotophobia, or the fear of being laughed at, has been described as an inability to enjoy humour and laughter in social interaction. A number of studies have shown its increased levels under various mental disorders. Gelotophobia in... more

Приводятся результаты русскоязычной адаптации опросника гелотофобии, гелотофилии и катагеластицизма PhoPhiKat на выборке российских подростков (N=392), которые свидетельствуют о хороших психометрических свойствах опросника, адекватности... more

Imagination, fantasies, dreams, and hallucinations are contiguous mental processes that reflect various forms of image processing at the internal level. The ability to maintain boundaries between them, reflecting as they do either... more

Imagination, fantasies, dreams, and hallucinations
are contiguous mental processes that reflect various
forms of image processing at the internal level. The
ability to maintain boundaries between them,
reflecting as they do either external or profoundly
internal, subjective reality (reality testing), is
considered to be one of the most widely accepted
criteria of mental health. Nevertheless, traditionally
the s e proc e s s e s have be en inve s tiga t ed
independently by different authors adopting
different approaches, and there is a discernible lack
of studies dedicated to the comparative analysis of
these phenomena, both in their theoretical and
empirical aspects. At the same time, such data could
be used to develop diagnostic methods of
investigating mental processes in normal conditions
as well as in cases of mental disorders. The aim of
this study is to investigate people's common ideas
about imagination, fantasies, dreams and hallucinations, as well as the subjective experience of
them in comparison with each other. The study's
group of participants consisted of 45 nominally
mentally healthy people (32 women and 13 men)
aged between 17 and 29 years old. The following
methods were used during the study: a semistructured interview aimed at studying the
respondents' ideas about imagination, fantasy,
dreams and hallucinations, and visual drawings of
the forms, which these processes took. According to
the results of the study, in the case of 15% of the
respondents, their ideas about imagination,
fantasies, dreams and hallucinations differed from
their scientific definitions. The drawings of the
images of imagination, fantasies, dreams and
hallucinations varied in terms of emotional
experience. The more the mental process is
voluntary and subjectively controlled, the more
these images are associated with positive emotions.
In particular, images of imagination are mainly
associated with a positive emotional charge, images
of fantasy more often evoke positive emotions, but
also ambivalent experiences, and drawings of the
images of dreams and hallucinations are most often
associated with negative emotions.

Обоснование: воображение, фантазии, сновидения и галлюцинации-достаточно самостоятельные психические процессы, связанные с оперированием образами, отражающими реалистичные или несуществующие в действительности объекты и ситуации.... more

Обоснование: воображение, фантазии, сновидения и галлюцинации-достаточно самостоятельные психические процессы, связанные с оперированием образами, отражающими реалистичные или несуществующие в действительности объекты и ситуации. Исследователи отмечают диагностический потенциал особенностей переживания данных процессов у пациентов с психическими расстройствами, особенно на ранних этапах. Цель работы-исследование когнитивных представлений о процессах воображения, фантазии, сновидений и галлюцинаций и субъективного опыта их восприятия пациентами с психотическими и непсихотическими психическими расстройствами. Пациенты и методы: в исследовании приняли участие респонденты в возрасте от 16 до 29 лет: пациенты с психотическими расстройствами (n = 54), непсихотическими психическими расстройствами (n = 50) и психически здоровые лица (n = 63). Использовались структурированное клиническое интервью и рисуночная методика (пример образа воображения, фантазии, сновидения и галлюцинации). Результаты: выявлено, что 90% здоровых респондентов способны различать исследуемые психические процессы в сопоставлении с 77% пациентов с непсихотическими и 35% пациентов с психотическими расстройствами. При этом представления респондентов соответствовали выделенным научным критериям у 85% здоровых лиц, 34% пациентов с непсихотическими и 11%-с психотическими расстройствами. Пациенты с психотическими расстройствами в сравнении с другими группами значимо хуже способны контролировать свое воображение (p = 0,001) и фантазии (p = 0,001). Они чаще испытывают негативные эмоции при воображении (p = 0,001). Пациенты обеих клинических групп значимо чаще, чем здоровые респонденты, отмечают у себя наличие негативного опыта сновидений (p < 0,005). Они используют значимо меньше цветов при изображении образов воображения и фантазий по сравнению с контрольной группой (p = 0,001). Выводы: психически здоровые люди различают образы воображения, фантазии, сновидения и галлюцинаций; у пациентов с непсихотическими психическими расстройствами границы между данными процессами оказываются менее жесткими, а у пациентов с психотическими расстройствами они практически размыты. Пациенты с непсихотическими расстройствами испытывают преимущественно положительные эмоции от воображения, тогда как пациенты с психотическими расстройствами-преимущественно отрицательные. Статистически значимых различий по эмоциональному отклику от фантазий, сновидений и галлюцинаций между данными группами не обнаруживается.
Background: imagination, fantasies, dreams and hallucinations are relatively independent mental processes associated
with the operation of images refl ecting realistic or non-existent objects and situations. Researchers note the diagnostic potential of the features of experiencing these processes in patients with mental disorders, especially at the early stages. The aim of the study is to examine cognitive representations of the processes of imagination, fantasy, dreams and hallucinations, and the subjective experience of their perception in patients with psychotic and non-psychotic mental disorders. Patients
and methods: the study involved respondents aged 16 to 29 years: patients with psychotic disorders (n = 54), non-psychotic
mental disorders (n = 50) and conditionally healthy individuals (n = 63). A structured clinical interview and a drawing technique
(an example of an image of imagination, fantasy, dreams and hallucinations) were used. Results: it was revealed that 90% of
healthy respondents were able to distinguish between the studied mental processes, compared with 77% of patients with nonpsychotic and 35% of patients with psychotic disorders. In addition, the respondents’ concepts corresponded to highlighted
scientifi c criteria in 85% of healthy individuals, 34% of patients with non-psychotic and 11% with psychotic disorders.
Patients with psychotic disorders, in comparison with other groups, were signifi cantly less able to control their imagination
(p = 0.001) and fantasies (p = 0.001) and more often reported negative emotional experiences of imagination (p = 0.001).
Patients of both clinical groups were signifi cantly more likely than healthy respondents to report having a negative dream
experience (p < 0.005). They used signifi cantly fewer colors when depicting images of imagination and fantasy, compared
with the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusions: mentally healthy people distinguish between images of imagination, fantasy,
dreams and hallucinations; in patients with non-psychotic mental disorders, the boundaries between these processes are less
rigid, and in patients with psychotic disorders they are practically blurred. Patients with non-psychotic disorders associate
predominantly positive emotions with imagination, whereas patients with psychotic disorders — predominantly negative
emotions. There are no statistically signifi cant differences in emotional response to fantasies, dreams and hallucinations
between these groups.

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- by Shilko N.S. and +1
  Alyona Ivanova
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Socio-psychological

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