Conference Papers by Dr. Naveed Ikram
SCRUM is one of the most popular methods from the agile family that has gained extensive fame in ... more SCRUM is one of the most popular methods from the agile family that has gained extensive fame in the recent years. However, a company may face many problems during adoption of SCRUM framework. This research aims at identifying and collecting different reported problems about SCRUM adoption by software development firms solely from literature. The focus is primarily on the most discussed problem i.e. product backlog problems, and to provide solutions for them. Based on suggestions and recommendations from earlier studies a scrum based solution is proposed, which hopefully will address backlog related problems in this study. We applied the proposed solution in a small company to evaluate its effectiveness. This paper reports the findings of the case study. The results indicate that the proposed SCRUM based solution did help the company in addressing most of the backlog related problems.
Papers by Dr. Naveed Ikram
Security Journal
Cyber-security behavior research is scant with even scarce studies carried out in developing coun... more Cyber-security behavior research is scant with even scarce studies carried out in developing countries. We examine the cyber-security and risky Internet behaviors of undergraduate students from Pakistan, taking into account the diversity of these students in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status, and the digital divide. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire. A total of 294 students belonging to six different cities of Pakistan were surveyed employing multistage stratified sampling in face-to-face interaction. The results indicated significant differences of cybersecurity posture in terms of gender, age and digital divide variables. The profiles of students based on cyber-security and risky Internet behaviors indicate three groups with a majority of them falling into group that exhibits more risk-averse yet low cyber-security behavior. Moreover, proactive cyber-security awareness behavior has a positive impact on high risk-averse behavior. The implications of the findings are studied in terms of providing customized training and awareness. The future directions are laid out for further explorations in terms of cultural differences within and crosscountry contexts.
Digital divide and socio-economic differences in smartphone information security behaviour among university students: Empirical evidence from Pakistan
International Journal of Mobile Communications, 2023
Social media users and cybersecurity awareness: predicting self-disclosure using a hybrid artificial intelligence approach
Kybernetes, 2021
PurposeThis study aims to investigate the cybersecurity awareness manifested as protective behavi... more PurposeThis study aims to investigate the cybersecurity awareness manifested as protective behavior to explain self-disclosure in social networking sites. The disclosure of information about oneself is associated with benefits as well as privacy risks. The individuals self-disclose to gain social capital and display protective behaviors to evade privacy risks by careful cost-benefit calculation of disclosing information.Design/methodology/approachThis study explores the role of cyber protection behavior in predicting self-disclosure along with demographics (age and gender) and digital divide (frequency of Internet access) variables by conducting a face-to-face survey. Data were collected from 284 participants. The model is validated by using multiple hierarchal regression along with the artificial intelligence approach.FindingsThe results revealed that cyber protection behavior significantly explains the variance in self-disclosure behavior. The complementary use of five machine lea...
Special issue on 'empirical studies in software engineering
Issues and Challenges of Requirement Engineering in Service Oriented Software Development
2010 Fifth International Conference on Software Engineering Advances, 2010
Abstract Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a shift of paradigm in software development. It ... more Abstract Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a shift of paradigm in software development. It can be seen as an evolution of Component Based Software Development (CBSD), with web services used instead of Commercial Off-the-shelf (COTS) software. For ...
Establishing trust in offshore software outsourcing relationships: an exploratory study using a systematic literature review
IET Software, 2013
ABSTRACT Offshore software outsourcing is a widely used business strategy for producing high-qual... more ABSTRACT Offshore software outsourcing is a widely used business strategy for producing high-quality software at low cost. Trust plays a vital role in establishing the offshore software outsourcing relationships between client and vendor organisations. The objective of this research study is to identify factors via systematic literature review (SLR) that are important for establishing trust in offshore software outsourcing relationships. The authors have performed an SLR by applying the customised search strings, which were derived from the research questions. The authors have identified factors such as face-to-face meeting, better communication, contract management between client and vendor, defining processes, tools, procedures and policies, reliable management, knowledge sharing, mutual expectations, better client-vendor relationship and training programmes that are generally considered critical for establishing trust in offshore software outsourcing relationships. The results also reveal the similarities and differences in the factors identified through different study strategies and in different continents. Offshore software outsourcing companies should focus on the frequently cited factors in order to compete in the offshore software outsourcing business.
IET Software, 2014
The focus of Service Oriented Software Development (SOSD) is to develop software by integrating r... more The focus of Service Oriented Software Development (SOSD) is to develop software by integrating reusable services to lower the required cost, time and effort of development, and increase reusability, agility, quality and customer satisfaction. It has been recognized in the literature that SOSD faces various challenges especially in Requirements Engineering (RE). The objective of this paper is to investigate these challenges of Service Oriented Requirements Engineering (SORE) from practitioners' perspectives in order to gain a deeper understanding of the related issues and to reveal potential gaps between research and practice in SORE. We present a qualitative study of the challenges and issues in SORE. The data was collected by conducting interviews with practitioners working in IT companies in Sydney, who have had substantial experience with service oriented software projects. Our findings reveal that most of the challenges of SORE are similar to those that are faced during RE in traditional or component based software development. According to the practitioners, the research and practice has made some advances in the technical direction but the human related issues in SORE have not been addressed adequately.
The cybersecurity behavioral research: A tertiary study
Computers & Security
Communication and Coordination Using Facebook: A Case Study of Distributed Software Development
Journal of information science and engineering, 2017
Service-oriented Software Engineering is a new style for creating software using reusable service... more Service-oriented Software Engineering is a new style for creating software using reusable services which are available over the web. The biggest challenge in this process is to discover and select the appropriate services that match system requirements. Currently, none of the proposed approach has been accepted by research community as a standard. There is very little empirical work available that addresses requirements engineering in service oriented paradigm. The aim of this study is to propose a framework for requirements engineering in SOSE. The framework is based on a new idea, that integrating Knowledge Management in Service Oriented development would improve requirement engineering phase as it does for traditional software engineering. The framework is developed in the light of the issues and challenges identified by published literature and the feedback of practitioners and researchers working on service oriented projects.
Task allocation or work assignment in Distributed Environments is a challenging task due to intri... more Task allocation or work assignment in Distributed Environments is a challenging task due to intricate dependencies between distributed sites and fundamental requirement of multifarious information. Conway's law relates product architecture to communication and coordination needs of the people, whereas Parnas argues that communication and coordination needs give rise to technical dependencies. Product structure is depicted in its architecture, which in turn, consists of multiple views based on different perspectives. These views which are used to model different concerns of various stakeholders are interrelated. Task allocation depends on information about different architectural views and their interrelationship. Traceability links between various views can be used to model this interrelationship. There is a need to identify the traceability support between different architectural views to determine the extent of linkage between them. Task allocation is also dependent on factors...
and strengthened, building on some established methodologies and tools. An understanding of the c... more and strengthened, building on some established methodologies and tools. An understanding of the current state of the practice, however, is still lacking. This paper presents the results of a survey of the OSS developer community with a view to gain insight of peer review, testing and release management practices, along with the current tool sets used for testing, debugging and, build and release management. Such an insight is important to appreciate the obstacles to overcome to introduce certification and more rigour into the development process. It is hoped that the results of this survey will initiate a useful discussion and allow the community to identify further process improvement opportunities for producing better quality software.
Maximizing Coverage, Reducing Time: A Usability Evaluation Method for Web-Based Library Systems
Usability of a Web Based Library Systems (WBLS) is a major quality attribute. Checklists have bec... more Usability of a Web Based Library Systems (WBLS) is a major quality attribute. Checklists have become common and easy method to evaluate the usability of these WBLS; however the available checklists support evaluation of general usability aspects of WBLS only. The domain specific usability aspects are required to maximize the usability for such systems. This research proposes and validates a checklist based usability evaluation method that supports the evaluation of general as well as specific usability aspects of WBLS. The usability evaluation checklist is proposed based on analysis of literature and data of a controlled experiment. The checklist is validated in comparison to the “Academic Library Website Evaluation Checklist” via another controlled experiment. The proposed checklist is applied to the WBLS of universities in Pakistan. The manual and statistical result shows that, the proposed usability evaluation checklist identifies more general and specific usability aspects. It i...
IEEE Access
The Global Software Development (GSD) promises high-quality software at low cost. It enables roun... more The Global Software Development (GSD) promises high-quality software at low cost. It enables round-the-clock development to achieve maximum production in a short period by utilizing expertise around the globe. GSD is only possible if tasks are effectively distributed among sites to ensure smooth development. Therefore, one of the key challenges of GSD is designing a task allocation (TA) strategy. The main objective of the present research is to develop a framework that takes into account important factors, while allocating tasks to distributed sites involved in GSD. The current allocation in plan-based software development is done on ad-hoc basis and does not follow any systematic approach or framework. The framework facilitates decision-makers in allocation of tasks in a manner that controls delay and reallocation. The study uses a mixed method approach, where the data used to create the framework is acquired via an industrial survey (58 participants) and interviews (10 participants) with GSD practitioners. The developed task allocation framework is validated with the help of an online focus group with participants (7 participants) from around the globe. The ability of the framework to be applicable in real-world scenarios is assessed from the feedback of industry practitioners. They have highlighted the usefulness of the framework to both, practitioners involved in task allocation decision as well as researchers working in the area. The automation and validation of the framework in real-world GSD scenarios is part of future work of this research. INDEX TERMS Computer-mediated communication, global software development, online focus group, task allocation framework.
Communication and Coordination Using Facebook: A Case Study of Distributed Software Development
J. Inf. Sci. Eng., 2017
Investigating the Gap between Scrum Theory and Practice in Pakistan
s of Keynote Talks Old and New Directions in Requirements Elicitation Research and Practice: A So... more s of Keynote Talks Old and New Directions in Requirements Elicitation Research and Practice: A Sociotechnical Perspective
A Systematic Mapping Study of Empirical Research in GORE
Goal Oriented Requirements Engineering (GORE) has the potential to fulfill customer’s needs. It i... more Goal Oriented Requirements Engineering (GORE) has the potential to fulfill customer’s needs. It is an emergent field in requirements engineering (RE) because it helps to achieve the intended objectives of the system under consideration. A large number of Conferences and Journals have reported GORE work regarding different techniques, tools, frameworks, and methods with various processes. However, there is little effort to aggregate GORE existing empirical work, identify knowledge gaps, trends, and patterns by using an unbiased, comprehensive and systematic methodology. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate GORE empirical research to show its affluence. We conducted Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) to analyze empirical research in GORE. An analysis on extracted data showed the great increase of GORE empirical work in the year 2012 and the most focused area is Requirements Analysis (63%), and Elicitation (20%) while the Modeling (70%) is a trendy concept in Requirements Analysis. The m...
There is a need to identify requirements engineering (RE) practices that are important to global ... more There is a need to identify requirements engineering (RE) practices that are important to global software development (GSD) project success. The objective of this paper is to report our recent empirical study results which aimed to identify the RE practices that are important to GSD projects. This study used an online survey questionnaire to elicit data from 56 RE experts of GSD projects. The survey included 66 RE practices identified by Sommerville et al. for non-GSD projects. The participants were asked to rank each RE practice on a four-point scale to determine the degree of importance of each practice in the context of GSD projects. This research identified a set of six key RE practices that mainly focuses on GSD project stakeholders, scope, standards and requirements traceability management. One common theme that is evident from the RE experts’ feedback analysis is the standardization of requirements documents to reduce requirements inconsistencies and improve communication in ...
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Conference Papers by Dr. Naveed Ikram
Papers by Dr. Naveed Ikram