Papers by Melissa Marschall
University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any ... more University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher, except for reading and browsing via the World Wide Web. Users are not permitted to mount this file on any network servers. and the Use of Information This book is about school choice, which has been a topic for discussion, debate, and action in academia, think tanks, and government at all levels. Many books and articles explore different aspects of choice, and some issues related to choice have been fought out in the editorial pages of the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, and other mass media. Unfortunately, the debates about choice have often degenerated into acrimony. We hope that this book provides a balanced perspective to the unfolding debates over choice and what we can and should expect from it. We believe that our work ...
In this work, we examine the effect of the 2016 Turkish coup on social media censorship, both by ... more In this work, we examine the effect of the 2016 Turkish coup on social media censorship, both by the government ordering Twitter to conduct censorship and as well by people removing their own tweets. We compared 5.5M tweets collected from Turkey pre-coup to 8.5M tweets collected post-coup. Although self-censorship of the press is not a novel practice following past military coups in Turkey, in this work we examine and quantify social media self-censorship, and empirically compare its effect relative to government-implemented censorship of social media. Our measurements following the coup show a 72% decline in publicly identifiable government-censored tweets. We attribute this, in part, to an estimated 43% decline in overall Twitter usage in Turkey and in part to users’ self-censorship. Supporting this theory, we detected that 41% of all users in our pre-coup dataset voluntarily removed 18% of their old tweets by either switching their accounts to protected mode, deleting their accou...
Since I do not hypothesize that similar individuals will behave differently depending upon varyin... more Since I do not hypothesize that similar individuals will behave differently depending upon varying neighborhood conditions, the fixed effects, GEE specification (rather than a random effects model) is appropriate for my analytic purposes (see Zorn 2001).
Why discriminate? Cody Shilling writes about American intolerance for homosexuality-and claims it... more Why discriminate? Cody Shilling writes about American intolerance for homosexuality-and claims it lacks a legitimate basis.. P. 12 A&E Violently funny Wiess Tabletop Theater's The Pillowman keeps Jie torture onstage and entertains with an eye for detail. SPORTS P. 19 [Worn-out basketball cliche] The Men's Basketball Preview2010 claims this year's squad will make it to the postseason.
Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy
Abstract Though it is often assumed that U.S. local elections are uniformly low turnout events, t... more Abstract Though it is often assumed that U.S. local elections are uniformly low turnout events, there is actually considerable variation across space and time. Building on literature on local turno...
Social Science Quarterly, Aug 31, 1998
APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My List count - save record to My List - get references ...
This study focuses on the determinants and effects of parent involvement in schools, in the conte... more This study focuses on the determinants and effects of parent involvement in schools, in the context of urban school districts, and particularly with regard to the schools that serve Latino students. Three research questions are investigated in this article: (1) What are schools doing to support parents, foster involvement and engagement in their children's schools, and generally create strong parent-school relations? (2) How effective are schools at fostering parent involvement? (3) Do schools with more effective parent involvement practices and greater parent participation perform at higher levels than those with less effective practices and lower levels of parent involvement? Data on Latino representation on Local School Councils (LSCs), school-level demographic and performance indicators, and information on effective school organization, parent involvement, and school practices regarding outreach and engagement with parents and communities are used to investigate these questions. The empirical analysis demonstrates that in addition to previously established aspects of effective school organization, governing arrangements and Latino political incorporation play a critical role in building stronger, more supportive school-parent relations and in encouraging higher levels of parent involvement in formal school activities. Moreover, these practices and relations were found to have important implications for Latino student performance.
In this paper we examine the rise and consolidation of the Justice and Development Party (Adelet ... more In this paper we examine the rise and consolidation of the Justice and Development Party (Adelet ve Kalinma Partisi, AKP) by analyzing its success in local elections. Our examination of the durability of the AKP takes into account existing explanations of Turkish electoral politics such as economic voting, center-periphery relations, and traditional party cleavages, as well as the clientelistic tendencies of Turkish parties. We argue that the intensification of neo-liberal economic policies encouraged the AKP to seek alternative sources for distributive politics, which it found in Turkey’s Mass Housing Administration (TOKİ). Using political, economic, and socio-demographic data for 900 municipal districts in Turkey, we empirically analyze the relationship between TOKİ financed housing projects and the AKP’s success in the three mayoral elections between 2004-2014. Our results show that while traditional explanations of Turkish party voting account for some of the AKP’s success, dist...
Social science quarterly, 2006
J. Marschall will share all data and coding information with those wishing to replicate the study.
Copyright © 2000 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 Willia... more Copyright © 2000 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 3 Market Place, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1SY All Rights Reserved Second ...
Current literature on social media censorship examined various aspects of censorship. However, th... more Current literature on social media censorship examined various aspects of censorship. However, the relationship among censored social media users has received much less attention. We address this gap in the literature by constructing a complete dynamic data-flow graph that models the communication between users, identifies influential users, and utilizes a wide variety of metadata embedded in tweets to follow data paths of censored tweets. Using a dataset that includes over 25 million tweets from Turkey, our analysis is based on 712,218 unique, censored tweets, associated with 13,056 distinct users. By applying a modularity metric to find user communities, our graph identified 5 large communities with influential users who are supporters of the Kurdish separatist movement, and famous accounts that had active social media involvement during the graft scandal of December 2013. In addition, using a machine-learning topic clustering algorithms to extract popular censored topics and keyw...
Election Law Journal , 2018
Though it is often assumed that U.S. local elections are uniformly low turnout events, there is a... more Though it is often assumed that U.S. local elections are uniformly low turnout events, there is actually considerable variation across space and time. Building on literature on local turnout and broader theories of political participation, this study examines more than 1,000 California mayoral elections held between 1995 and 2014. We analyze how two specific features of the local electoral context-election timing and contestation-provide information, stimulate interest, mobilize voters, and ultimately shape turnout. We argue that high turnout may not mean much if voters have no decisions to make and explore the possibility that the effects of contestation may vary depending on whether elections are held off-or on-cycle. Findings from our empirical analysis indicate not only that on-cycle elections are associated with appreciably higher levels of voter turnout but that contestation also matters. In fact, contestation can reduce or even eliminate the differences in turnout between elections held on different schedules. Taken together, evidence from this study supports the efforts of lawmakers in California and advocates elsewhere who seek to move local elections on-cycle, while also highlighting the importance of initiatives that seek to encourage more people to run for local office.
Political Geography, 2018
How does place matter for participation in local politics and elections? To date, social scientis... more How does place matter for participation in local politics and elections? To date, social scientists have largely ignored this question, in part because their focus has not been on local politics and elections. We think this is unfortunate given that 99% of all governments in the U.S. are local governments. Given stark differences in rates of turnout and office seeking across local and state/federal elections, we believe more
attention to the way in which ‘sense of place’ affects residents' political behavior is warranted. In this study we look explicitly at how the geographic, functional, and socio-demographic features of cities shape turnout and contestation in local elections. Analyzing mayoral elections in two U.S. states, we find evidence not only that contextual factors are associated with both turnout and contestation, but place itself matters, independently of the features of its inhabitants, for the health of local democracy.
The rise of Islamist politics over the past few decades has yielded distinctively diverse outcome... more The rise of Islamist politics over the past few decades has yielded distinctively diverse outcomes across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Despite the short-lived ebb of the Islamist parties in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings, more recent electoral victories have proved these parties to be an enduring phenomenon showing little signs of abating. Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi, AKP) is a particularly strong case in point. It remains the only Islamist party in the region to have won four consecutive national elections, maintaining a solid support base for almost two decades. Though much has been written about the party’s electoral and governing strategies on the national level, few studies have examined its efforts on the local level. This is a striking oversight given the importance of urban processes and outcomes for the both the AKP and the Islamist parties that preceded it.
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Papers by Melissa Marschall
attention to the way in which ‘sense of place’ affects residents' political behavior is warranted. In this study we look explicitly at how the geographic, functional, and socio-demographic features of cities shape turnout and contestation in local elections. Analyzing mayoral elections in two U.S. states, we find evidence not only that contextual factors are associated with both turnout and contestation, but place itself matters, independently of the features of its inhabitants, for the health of local democracy.
attention to the way in which ‘sense of place’ affects residents' political behavior is warranted. In this study we look explicitly at how the geographic, functional, and socio-demographic features of cities shape turnout and contestation in local elections. Analyzing mayoral elections in two U.S. states, we find evidence not only that contextual factors are associated with both turnout and contestation, but place itself matters, independently of the features of its inhabitants, for the health of local democracy.