This video provides support and evidence that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources ca... more This video provides support and evidence that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources can and do consolidate, as presented in previous papers by the author of this video, to
ignite interest in carrying over a suitable experiment which might prove that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources can and do consolidate.
This video adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, which can also be recorded on photos.
However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this causes paradoxes, which must be addressed.
This provides support to the claim that an experiment to implement and test such consolidations of EM waves from separate sources and provide explanations to the paradoxes involved in this scenario, is an important endeavor.
An Axiom is a statement whose truth or validity is accepted, without providing any additional pro... more An Axiom is a statement whose truth or validity is accepted, without providing any additional proof or explanation why this statement is accepted as true or valid. On the other hand, Physics is about providing explanations about the Existence and the Universe, and it is expected that the Physics explanations should be accompanied by reason and proof. However, Physics does still contain statements which are presented as Axioms, even though, such statements are usually the basis, or the corner stones, of structures, which are built over these statements. This paper addresses this issue, about some of such statements that Physics presents as Axioms, and this paper also intends to provide an additional tentative explanation for one of these statements, which might help in providing additional validity to these statements.
A corner stone of Physics is the Energy Conservation principle which states that the Energy is al... more A corner stone of Physics is the Energy Conservation principle which states that the Energy is always conserved and that the Energy, embedded in the whole Universe, cannot disappear or be created from nothing. This should imply that the Total amount of the Energy, which is embedded in the whole Universe, must be a constant value. However, Humans are not able to devise means or experiments which will provide the exact amount of the Energy embedded in the whole Universe, which implies that Humans are not able to devise means or experiments which will conclude, with complete validity, that the amount of the Energy embedded in the whole Universe, can be indeed represented by a constant value. Moreover, the fact, that the nowadays Science of Physics does agree that in addition to the Detectable Energy, the Universe embeds a very large amount of undetectable, or Dark Energy, (about 70% of the estimated Total Energy which is estimated to be embedded in the whole Universe is estimated to be Dark Energy), might further imply, that Humans cannot evaluate the actual amount of the Total Energy embedded in the Universe, which might further support the assumption, that Humans cannot prove, that all the Energy embedded in the Universe, is indeed conserved. The above implies that Humans are not able to provide a proof for the Energy Conservation Principle, which means, that the Energy Conservation Principle is presented only as an axiom, and no discussion was yet provided as to the extent of validity that Humans can attribute to the Energy Conservation Principle, even though, it is a corner stone of the nowadays Science of Physics.
Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does n... more Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does not recognize (yet) the Electric Field also as a form of Acceleration. However, Structural Identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, strongly indicate that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The implications resulting from the realization, that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, might not seem to be very significant implications, at first glance. However, this paper does present that, the implications resulting from the realization that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, are indeed very significant. Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this article also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might physically prove, (or disprove) that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. Parts of this paper also exist in additional preprints, by the author of this paper, which are already posted on the web. But this paper contains additional materials, relating mainly to additional more significant implications, if the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The discussion, in this paper, starts with an introduction presenting why Gravity is already recognized as a form of acceleration, and then, continues to the arguments why the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of acceleration.
Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum ... more Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum possible velocity that humans can measure, a claim that was presented by Einstein's Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof. The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light. But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Massive Body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Massive Body, does affect the measured velocity value of this Massive Body, by this Human spectator.
This paper is based on several additional papers, by the author of this paper, and as such, summa... more This paper is based on several additional papers, by the author of this paper, and as such, summarizes a broad theoretical research work. These papers intended initially to investigate the nature and the characteristics of the Entity of the Electric Charge. The first two parts of this research, dealing with Electric Charge, Energy, and Space, were published in two papers: "Energy Analysis of a Null Electromagnetic Wave" [1] and "The Nature of Space and Dark Energy, Based on Electric and Magnetic Fields' Behavior in Space in the Energy Pairs Theory Framework" [2]. The first paper, [1] , concluded that the Electric Charge is a form of Energy, similarly to Mass being recognized as a form of Energy by Einstein's Special Relativity Theory. And since all the tangible and perceptible matter in the universe is composed of only two Entities: Mass and Electric Charge, then, the first paper, [1] , concluded that all the tangible and perceptible matter in the universe is just a form of Energy. The second paper, [2] , provided a reasonable explanation for the mysterious Dark Energy and concluded that also Space might be a form (or facet) of Energy. A third paper, by the author of this paper, "A New Theory Expands Einstein's General Relativity Theory to Include Both Electric Charge and Mass Entities" [3] , studied the origins of the Electrically Charged Bodies' Interactions. It provided an explanation for what causes the Attraction/Repulsion between Electric Charges, which is still a mystery, similarly to the explanation of Einstein's General Relativity Theory for what causes the Attraction between Massive Objects. As such, the third paper, [3] , is an expansion of Einstein's General Relativity Theory to include in it not only Massive Objects but also
Dark Energy is one of the most disturbing mysteries of the nowadays Science of Physics. This conc... more Dark Energy is one of the most disturbing mysteries of the nowadays Science of Physics. This concept was introduced after it was discovered that the expansion rate of the Universe is much bigger than an expansion rate that can be supported by all the amount of the Traceable Energy that the nowadays Science of Physics can calculate and detect. Thus, the nowadays Science of Physics presented the assumption, that there must be an additional amount of Energy, in the Universe, which cannot be detected, and thus, it is denoted as Dark Energy. The amount of this mysterious Dark Energy, assumed by the nowadays Science of Physics, amounts to 70% of the assumed amount of the Total Energy in the Universe (Dark plus Traceable Energy), in order to explain the detected expansion rate of the Universe. This study presents the prediction, that Electromagnetism might be the source of most of this mysterious Dark Energy. This prediction is based on scenarios, related to Electromagnetism, in which Energy seems to be either disappearing, or be created out of nothing, and thus, seems to be violating the Energy Conservation Principle, which is a corner stone of the Science of Physics. Because the Dark Energy concept is already an acceptable concept, by the nowadays Science of Physics, then, this paper predicts, that in the above-mentioned scenarios, in which Energy seems to disappear, the Energy did not disappear, it was converted into Dark Energy. And, this paper also predicts, that in the above-mentioned scenarios, in which Energy seems to be created out of nothing, this Energy was not created out of nothing, it was Dark Energy which converted back into Traceable Energy. The scenarios mentioned above, in which Energy seems to either disappear or be created out of nothing, are scenarios of Consolidating Electromagnetic Waves, from separate sources.
Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does n... more Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does not recognize (yet) the Electric Field also as a form of Acceleration. Based on structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this paper provides arguments which indicate that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. This paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might prove, (or disprove), the above presented statement that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. If this experiment will be implemented, and its results will be successful, such that the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration, this will also result in significant implications.
The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light m... more The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light manifests these two very different phenomena simultaneously. On one hand Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles. Einstein initially introduced the understanding that Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles (named Photons), to explain the Photoelectric effect. On the other hand, Light clearly exhibits a Wave facet, dating back to Newton's days, who measured the wavelength of Light with his Newton's rings interference observations. However, these two very different facets of Light, its Particle facet, and its Wave facet, are so significantly different, which implies that the Wave-Particle duality of Light still awaits additional clarification and additional explanation, which was not yet provided by mainstream Physics. Instead, nowadays mainstream Physics just accepts the fact that Light embed these two very different facets simultaneously, and exhibits each facet in different experiments or situations. This paper proposes a new angle for explaining the Wave-Particle duality of Light, based on the famous Mutual Annihilation process, in which an Electron and a Positron annihilate each other to create Photons, and on the famous inverse Pair Production process, in which a Photon, in certain conditions, converts back into a pair of an Electron and a Positron. Actually, the connection between the nature of Photons and the Electron and the Positron is already presented in another paper, namely, the Electron Positron-Photon idea. The Electron Positron-Photon idea, which is due originally to (the late) Prof. J. P. Wesley, in his paper titled: "Light, a Flux of Electric Dipole Photons" [4], proposed a model of the Photon as an Electric Dipole Photon which might be an Electron-Positron pair separated by a distance L. There are two reasons why the Electron Positron-Photon idea, as presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, cannot be considered a viable concept: • The science of Physics recognizes Photons as being composed of pure Energy, without any Mass or Electric Charges associated to Photons. However, the Electron and the Positron do embed Mass and Electric Charges, and thus, Photons cannot be composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as the Electron Positron-Photon idea presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, states. • Photons travel at the velocity of Light, and thus, according to Einstein's Special Relativity Theory, if Photons are composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea states, then, their Masses must increase to virtually an infinite Mass magnitude. This paper proposes another aspect of the Photon nature, which is also based on the Electron and the Positron, which does not have the limitations which were already presented above, in Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea.
he Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, then, Newton's Second Law o... more he Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, then, Newton's Second Law of Motion might not be valid for Electrically Charged bodies attracted or repelled under Coulomb's Law, and, in
such a scenario, Newton's Second Law of Motion should be replaced by a different Law.
In addition to the above, additional more significant and revolutionary implications, regarding how Humans should perceive, the very Nature of the entities of Space and Time, also arise, if the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, which also might provide an answer to the question: why Electric Charges attract or repel each other? That question is still a mystery today, although the answer to the question: why Massive Bodies attract each other? is already provided by Einstein's General Relativity theory. The above might also provide a lead to achieve a simple Unification between Gravity and Electricity, a quest which the nowadays Science of Physics is still struggling with, without achieving yet satisfactory results.
In addition to presenting very convincing arguments that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, based on Structural Identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this article also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might physically prove, (or disprove) that Qeios, CC-BY 4.0 · Article, January 16, 2024
Qeios ID: 4VBWL7.3 · https://doi.org/10.32388/4VBWL7.3 1/21
the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration.
Parts of this paper also exist in additional preprints, by the author of this paper, which are already posted on the web.
But this paper contains additional materials, relating mainly to additional more significant implications, if the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The discussion, in this paper, starts with an introduction presenting why Gravity is already recognized as a form of acceleration, and then, continues to the arguments why the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of
acceleration.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 21, 2023
The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidat... more The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidate [4]. However, the author of this article published several articles [1], [2], [3], [5] which argue that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources do consolidate. In addition to the scenarios described in articles [1], [2], [3], Article [5] adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, every day, which can also be recorded on photos. This scenario is presented again, also in this article. However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this seems to embed paradoxes, which must be addressed, because the Energy Conservation Principle seems to be violated. The Energy Pairs Theory, proposed initially by the author of this article in article [1], and presented again briefly in this article, proposes a framework which resolves and explains the paradoxes embedded in consolidations of EM waves from separate sources, and other paradoxes and unanswered and open questions, as presented already in article [1], and presented briefly again in this article.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 19, 2023
The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidat... more The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidate [4]. However, the author of this article published several articles [1], [2], [3], [5] which argue that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources do consolidate. In addition to the scenarios described in articles [1], [2], [3], Article [5] adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, every day, which can also be recorded on photos. This scenario is presented again, also in this article. However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this seems to embed paradoxes, which must be addressed, because the Energy Conservation Principle seems to be violated. The Energy Pairs Theory, proposed initially by the author of this article in article [1], and presented again briefly in this article, proposes a framework which resolves and explains the paradoxes embedded in consolidations of EM waves from separate sources, and other paradoxes and unanswered and open questions, as presented already in article [1], and presented briefly again in this article.
Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value
and the maximu... more Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value
and the maximum possible velocity, a claim that was presented by Einstein’s Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof.
The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light.
But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Mass body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Mass body, does affect the
measured velocity value of this Mass body, by this Human spectator.
But, when a moving Human spectator, measures the velocity value of a Light beam, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the direction of motion of this Light beam, does not affect at all, the measured velocity value of this Light beam, by this Human spectator, which always results in a constant Light velocity value, which is also the maximum velocity value that Humans can measure.
This should be regarded as a severe peculiarity, in any velocity value measurements of Light beams, by Humans, which must be also explained.
This paper provides a tentative explanation to the uniqueness related to the velocity of Light and to the severe peculiarity related to the velocity of Light that are presented above. This explanation is based on a prediction that Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do not really exit.
The author of this paper presented this prediction in an additional paper titled: “A discussion related to the existence of the entities of Space and Time” (12) which is referenced in this paper. The details related to this prediction are also presented in this paper. That referenced paper (12) also suggests an experiment, which if implemented, and its result will be successful, might provide validity, or disprove, the predictions presented in that referenced paper, and, as a result, also might provide validity, or disprove, what is presented in this paper
Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does n... more Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does not recognize (yet) the Electric Field also as a form of Acceleration. Based on structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this paper provides argumentations which indicate that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. This paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might prove, (or disprove), the above presented statement that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. If this experiment will be implemented, and its results will be successful, such that the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration, this will also result in significant implications, which will be presented in additional papers, by the author if this paper.
The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light m... more The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light manifests these two very different phenomena simultaneously. On one hand Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles. Einstein initially introduced the understanding that Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles (named Photons), to explain the Photoelectric effect. On the other hand, Light clearly exhibits a Wave facet, dating back to Newton's days, who measured the wavelength of Light with his Newton's rings interference observations. However, these two very different facets of Light, its Particle facet, and its Wave facet, are so significantly different, which implies that the Wave-Particle duality of Light still awaits additional clarification and additional explanation, which was not yet provided by mainstream Physics. Instead, nowadays mainstream Physics just accepts the fact that Light embed these two very different facets simultaneously, and exhibits each facet in different experiments or situations. This paper proposes a new angle for explaining the Wave-Particle duality of Light, based on the famous Mutual Annihilation process, in which an Electron and a Positron annihilate each other to create Photons, and on the famous inverse Pair Production process, in which a Photon, in certain conditions, converts back into a pair of an Electron and a Positron. Actually, the connection between the nature of Photons and the Electron and the Positron is already presented in another paper, namely, the Electron Positron-Photon idea. The Electron Positron-Photon idea, which is due originally to (the late) Prof. J. P. Wesley, in his paper titled: "Light, a Flux of Electric Dipole Photons" [4], proposed a model of the Photon as an Electric Dipole Photon which might be an Electron-Positron pair separated by a distance L. There are two reasons why the Electron Positron-Photon idea, as presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, cannot be considered a viable concept: • The science of Physics recognizes Photons as being composed of pure Energy, without any Mass or Electric Charges associated to Photons. However, the Electron and the Positron do embed Mass and Electric Charges, and thus, Photons cannot be composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as the Electron Positron-Photon idea presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, states. • Photons travel at the velocity of Light, and thus, according to Einstein's Special Relativity Theory, if Photons are composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea states, then, their Masses must increase to virtually an infinite Mass magnitude. This paper proposes another aspect of the Photon nature, which is also based on the Electron and the Positron, which does not have the limitations which were already presented above, in Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea.
Newton's Laws of Motions are considered a basic corner stone of Physics. Thus, a claim that Newto... more Newton's Laws of Motions are considered a basic corner stone of Physics. Thus, a claim that Newton's Second Law of Motion, F=ma, might not be applicable in certain cases, sounds as an out of line, and an incorrect claim. Nevertheless, this paper presents such a claim, based on argumentations resulting from the structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law. Based on these structural identities, this paper presents the prediction, that similar to Newton's Gravitational Field, which is already recognized also as a form of Acceleration, also Electric Fields, might be also forms of Acceleration. The above also results in the conclusion, that for Electrically Charged Bodies, attracted or repelled under Coulomb's Law, Newton's Second Law of Motion, F=ma, might not be applicable, and should be replaced with a different Law, namely, F=qa. Also, based on the above-mentioned structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, a paper published by the author of this paper, expands Einstein's General Relativity Theory to include Electrically Charged Bodies in addition to Mass Bodies, which also provides an explanation for the source of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged Bodies, which is still a mystery today. The above presented predictions, presented in this paper, that Newton's Second Law of Motion, F=ma, might not be always applicable, and that Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are also forms of Acceleration, might sound extraordinary, not correct, and out of line predictions. However, this paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, and its results will be successful, it might provide validity, (or disprove), the above presented predictions.
A discussion related to the uniqueness of the velocity of Light
Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum ... more Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum possible velocity that humans can measure, a claim that was presented by Einstein's Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof. The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light. But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Mass body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Mass body, does affect the measured velocity value of this Mass body, by this Human spectator.
This video provides support and evidence that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources ca... more This video provides support and evidence that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources can and do consolidate, as presented in previous papers by the author of this video, to
ignite interest in carrying over a suitable experiment which might prove that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources can and do consolidate.
This video adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, which can also be recorded on photos.
However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this causes paradoxes, which must be addressed.
This provides support to the claim that an experiment to implement and test such consolidations of EM waves from separate sources and provide explanations to the paradoxes involved in this scenario, is an important endeavor.
An Axiom is a statement whose truth or validity is accepted, without providing any additional pro... more An Axiom is a statement whose truth or validity is accepted, without providing any additional proof or explanation why this statement is accepted as true or valid. On the other hand, Physics is about providing explanations about the Existence and the Universe, and it is expected that the Physics explanations should be accompanied by reason and proof. However, Physics does still contain statements which are presented as Axioms, even though, such statements are usually the basis, or the corner stones, of structures, which are built over these statements. This paper addresses this issue, about some of such statements that Physics presents as Axioms, and this paper also intends to provide an additional tentative explanation for one of these statements, which might help in providing additional validity to these statements.
A corner stone of Physics is the Energy Conservation principle which states that the Energy is al... more A corner stone of Physics is the Energy Conservation principle which states that the Energy is always conserved and that the Energy, embedded in the whole Universe, cannot disappear or be created from nothing. This should imply that the Total amount of the Energy, which is embedded in the whole Universe, must be a constant value. However, Humans are not able to devise means or experiments which will provide the exact amount of the Energy embedded in the whole Universe, which implies that Humans are not able to devise means or experiments which will conclude, with complete validity, that the amount of the Energy embedded in the whole Universe, can be indeed represented by a constant value. Moreover, the fact, that the nowadays Science of Physics does agree that in addition to the Detectable Energy, the Universe embeds a very large amount of undetectable, or Dark Energy, (about 70% of the estimated Total Energy which is estimated to be embedded in the whole Universe is estimated to be Dark Energy), might further imply, that Humans cannot evaluate the actual amount of the Total Energy embedded in the Universe, which might further support the assumption, that Humans cannot prove, that all the Energy embedded in the Universe, is indeed conserved. The above implies that Humans are not able to provide a proof for the Energy Conservation Principle, which means, that the Energy Conservation Principle is presented only as an axiom, and no discussion was yet provided as to the extent of validity that Humans can attribute to the Energy Conservation Principle, even though, it is a corner stone of the nowadays Science of Physics.
Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does n... more Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does not recognize (yet) the Electric Field also as a form of Acceleration. However, Structural Identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, strongly indicate that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The implications resulting from the realization, that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, might not seem to be very significant implications, at first glance. However, this paper does present that, the implications resulting from the realization that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, are indeed very significant. Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this article also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might physically prove, (or disprove) that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. Parts of this paper also exist in additional preprints, by the author of this paper, which are already posted on the web. But this paper contains additional materials, relating mainly to additional more significant implications, if the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The discussion, in this paper, starts with an introduction presenting why Gravity is already recognized as a form of acceleration, and then, continues to the arguments why the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of acceleration.
Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum ... more Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum possible velocity that humans can measure, a claim that was presented by Einstein's Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof. The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light. But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Massive Body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Massive Body, does affect the measured velocity value of this Massive Body, by this Human spectator.
This paper is based on several additional papers, by the author of this paper, and as such, summa... more This paper is based on several additional papers, by the author of this paper, and as such, summarizes a broad theoretical research work. These papers intended initially to investigate the nature and the characteristics of the Entity of the Electric Charge. The first two parts of this research, dealing with Electric Charge, Energy, and Space, were published in two papers: "Energy Analysis of a Null Electromagnetic Wave" [1] and "The Nature of Space and Dark Energy, Based on Electric and Magnetic Fields' Behavior in Space in the Energy Pairs Theory Framework" [2]. The first paper, [1] , concluded that the Electric Charge is a form of Energy, similarly to Mass being recognized as a form of Energy by Einstein's Special Relativity Theory. And since all the tangible and perceptible matter in the universe is composed of only two Entities: Mass and Electric Charge, then, the first paper, [1] , concluded that all the tangible and perceptible matter in the universe is just a form of Energy. The second paper, [2] , provided a reasonable explanation for the mysterious Dark Energy and concluded that also Space might be a form (or facet) of Energy. A third paper, by the author of this paper, "A New Theory Expands Einstein's General Relativity Theory to Include Both Electric Charge and Mass Entities" [3] , studied the origins of the Electrically Charged Bodies' Interactions. It provided an explanation for what causes the Attraction/Repulsion between Electric Charges, which is still a mystery, similarly to the explanation of Einstein's General Relativity Theory for what causes the Attraction between Massive Objects. As such, the third paper, [3] , is an expansion of Einstein's General Relativity Theory to include in it not only Massive Objects but also
Dark Energy is one of the most disturbing mysteries of the nowadays Science of Physics. This conc... more Dark Energy is one of the most disturbing mysteries of the nowadays Science of Physics. This concept was introduced after it was discovered that the expansion rate of the Universe is much bigger than an expansion rate that can be supported by all the amount of the Traceable Energy that the nowadays Science of Physics can calculate and detect. Thus, the nowadays Science of Physics presented the assumption, that there must be an additional amount of Energy, in the Universe, which cannot be detected, and thus, it is denoted as Dark Energy. The amount of this mysterious Dark Energy, assumed by the nowadays Science of Physics, amounts to 70% of the assumed amount of the Total Energy in the Universe (Dark plus Traceable Energy), in order to explain the detected expansion rate of the Universe. This study presents the prediction, that Electromagnetism might be the source of most of this mysterious Dark Energy. This prediction is based on scenarios, related to Electromagnetism, in which Energy seems to be either disappearing, or be created out of nothing, and thus, seems to be violating the Energy Conservation Principle, which is a corner stone of the Science of Physics. Because the Dark Energy concept is already an acceptable concept, by the nowadays Science of Physics, then, this paper predicts, that in the above-mentioned scenarios, in which Energy seems to disappear, the Energy did not disappear, it was converted into Dark Energy. And, this paper also predicts, that in the above-mentioned scenarios, in which Energy seems to be created out of nothing, this Energy was not created out of nothing, it was Dark Energy which converted back into Traceable Energy. The scenarios mentioned above, in which Energy seems to either disappear or be created out of nothing, are scenarios of Consolidating Electromagnetic Waves, from separate sources.
Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does n... more Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does not recognize (yet) the Electric Field also as a form of Acceleration. Based on structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this paper provides arguments which indicate that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. This paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might prove, (or disprove), the above presented statement that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. If this experiment will be implemented, and its results will be successful, such that the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration, this will also result in significant implications.
The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light m... more The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light manifests these two very different phenomena simultaneously. On one hand Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles. Einstein initially introduced the understanding that Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles (named Photons), to explain the Photoelectric effect. On the other hand, Light clearly exhibits a Wave facet, dating back to Newton's days, who measured the wavelength of Light with his Newton's rings interference observations. However, these two very different facets of Light, its Particle facet, and its Wave facet, are so significantly different, which implies that the Wave-Particle duality of Light still awaits additional clarification and additional explanation, which was not yet provided by mainstream Physics. Instead, nowadays mainstream Physics just accepts the fact that Light embed these two very different facets simultaneously, and exhibits each facet in different experiments or situations. This paper proposes a new angle for explaining the Wave-Particle duality of Light, based on the famous Mutual Annihilation process, in which an Electron and a Positron annihilate each other to create Photons, and on the famous inverse Pair Production process, in which a Photon, in certain conditions, converts back into a pair of an Electron and a Positron. Actually, the connection between the nature of Photons and the Electron and the Positron is already presented in another paper, namely, the Electron Positron-Photon idea. The Electron Positron-Photon idea, which is due originally to (the late) Prof. J. P. Wesley, in his paper titled: "Light, a Flux of Electric Dipole Photons" [4], proposed a model of the Photon as an Electric Dipole Photon which might be an Electron-Positron pair separated by a distance L. There are two reasons why the Electron Positron-Photon idea, as presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, cannot be considered a viable concept: • The science of Physics recognizes Photons as being composed of pure Energy, without any Mass or Electric Charges associated to Photons. However, the Electron and the Positron do embed Mass and Electric Charges, and thus, Photons cannot be composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as the Electron Positron-Photon idea presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, states. • Photons travel at the velocity of Light, and thus, according to Einstein's Special Relativity Theory, if Photons are composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea states, then, their Masses must increase to virtually an infinite Mass magnitude. This paper proposes another aspect of the Photon nature, which is also based on the Electron and the Positron, which does not have the limitations which were already presented above, in Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea.
he Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, then, Newton's Second Law o... more he Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, then, Newton's Second Law of Motion might not be valid for Electrically Charged bodies attracted or repelled under Coulomb's Law, and, in
such a scenario, Newton's Second Law of Motion should be replaced by a different Law.
In addition to the above, additional more significant and revolutionary implications, regarding how Humans should perceive, the very Nature of the entities of Space and Time, also arise, if the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, which also might provide an answer to the question: why Electric Charges attract or repel each other? That question is still a mystery today, although the answer to the question: why Massive Bodies attract each other? is already provided by Einstein's General Relativity theory. The above might also provide a lead to achieve a simple Unification between Gravity and Electricity, a quest which the nowadays Science of Physics is still struggling with, without achieving yet satisfactory results.
In addition to presenting very convincing arguments that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, based on Structural Identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this article also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might physically prove, (or disprove) that Qeios, CC-BY 4.0 · Article, January 16, 2024
Qeios ID: 4VBWL7.3 · https://doi.org/10.32388/4VBWL7.3 1/21
the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration.
Parts of this paper also exist in additional preprints, by the author of this paper, which are already posted on the web.
But this paper contains additional materials, relating mainly to additional more significant implications, if the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The discussion, in this paper, starts with an introduction presenting why Gravity is already recognized as a form of acceleration, and then, continues to the arguments why the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of
acceleration.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 21, 2023
The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidat... more The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidate [4]. However, the author of this article published several articles [1], [2], [3], [5] which argue that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources do consolidate. In addition to the scenarios described in articles [1], [2], [3], Article [5] adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, every day, which can also be recorded on photos. This scenario is presented again, also in this article. However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this seems to embed paradoxes, which must be addressed, because the Energy Conservation Principle seems to be violated. The Energy Pairs Theory, proposed initially by the author of this article in article [1], and presented again briefly in this article, proposes a framework which resolves and explains the paradoxes embedded in consolidations of EM waves from separate sources, and other paradoxes and unanswered and open questions, as presented already in article [1], and presented briefly again in this article.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jul 19, 2023
The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidat... more The acceptable notion today is that Electromagnetic waves from separate sources cannot consolidate [4]. However, the author of this article published several articles [1], [2], [3], [5] which argue that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources do consolidate. In addition to the scenarios described in articles [1], [2], [3], Article [5] adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, every day, which can also be recorded on photos. This scenario is presented again, also in this article. However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this seems to embed paradoxes, which must be addressed, because the Energy Conservation Principle seems to be violated. The Energy Pairs Theory, proposed initially by the author of this article in article [1], and presented again briefly in this article, proposes a framework which resolves and explains the paradoxes embedded in consolidations of EM waves from separate sources, and other paradoxes and unanswered and open questions, as presented already in article [1], and presented briefly again in this article.
Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value
and the maximu... more Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value
and the maximum possible velocity, a claim that was presented by Einstein’s Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof.
The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light.
But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Mass body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Mass body, does affect the
measured velocity value of this Mass body, by this Human spectator.
But, when a moving Human spectator, measures the velocity value of a Light beam, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the direction of motion of this Light beam, does not affect at all, the measured velocity value of this Light beam, by this Human spectator, which always results in a constant Light velocity value, which is also the maximum velocity value that Humans can measure.
This should be regarded as a severe peculiarity, in any velocity value measurements of Light beams, by Humans, which must be also explained.
This paper provides a tentative explanation to the uniqueness related to the velocity of Light and to the severe peculiarity related to the velocity of Light that are presented above. This explanation is based on a prediction that Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do not really exit.
The author of this paper presented this prediction in an additional paper titled: “A discussion related to the existence of the entities of Space and Time” (12) which is referenced in this paper. The details related to this prediction are also presented in this paper. That referenced paper (12) also suggests an experiment, which if implemented, and its result will be successful, might provide validity, or disprove, the predictions presented in that referenced paper, and, as a result, also might provide validity, or disprove, what is presented in this paper
Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does n... more Gravity is already recognized as form of Acceleration, but the nowadays Science of Physics does not recognize (yet) the Electric Field also as a form of Acceleration. Based on structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this paper provides argumentations which indicate that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. This paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might prove, (or disprove), the above presented statement that the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. If this experiment will be implemented, and its results will be successful, such that the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration, this will also result in significant implications, which will be presented in additional papers, by the author if this paper.
The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light m... more The Wave-Particle duality of Light should be considered as an unresolved mystery. Indeed, Light manifests these two very different phenomena simultaneously. On one hand Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles. Einstein initially introduced the understanding that Light should be viewed as a stream of Particles (named Photons), to explain the Photoelectric effect. On the other hand, Light clearly exhibits a Wave facet, dating back to Newton's days, who measured the wavelength of Light with his Newton's rings interference observations. However, these two very different facets of Light, its Particle facet, and its Wave facet, are so significantly different, which implies that the Wave-Particle duality of Light still awaits additional clarification and additional explanation, which was not yet provided by mainstream Physics. Instead, nowadays mainstream Physics just accepts the fact that Light embed these two very different facets simultaneously, and exhibits each facet in different experiments or situations. This paper proposes a new angle for explaining the Wave-Particle duality of Light, based on the famous Mutual Annihilation process, in which an Electron and a Positron annihilate each other to create Photons, and on the famous inverse Pair Production process, in which a Photon, in certain conditions, converts back into a pair of an Electron and a Positron. Actually, the connection between the nature of Photons and the Electron and the Positron is already presented in another paper, namely, the Electron Positron-Photon idea. The Electron Positron-Photon idea, which is due originally to (the late) Prof. J. P. Wesley, in his paper titled: "Light, a Flux of Electric Dipole Photons" [4], proposed a model of the Photon as an Electric Dipole Photon which might be an Electron-Positron pair separated by a distance L. There are two reasons why the Electron Positron-Photon idea, as presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, cannot be considered a viable concept: • The science of Physics recognizes Photons as being composed of pure Energy, without any Mass or Electric Charges associated to Photons. However, the Electron and the Positron do embed Mass and Electric Charges, and thus, Photons cannot be composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as the Electron Positron-Photon idea presented in Prof. J. P. Wesley's paper, states. • Photons travel at the velocity of Light, and thus, according to Einstein's Special Relativity Theory, if Photons are composed of pairs of Electrons and Positrons as Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea states, then, their Masses must increase to virtually an infinite Mass magnitude. This paper proposes another aspect of the Photon nature, which is also based on the Electron and the Positron, which does not have the limitations which were already presented above, in Prof. J. P. Wesley's Electron Positron-Photon idea.
Newton's Laws of Motions are considered a basic corner stone of Physics. Thus, a claim that Newto... more Newton's Laws of Motions are considered a basic corner stone of Physics. Thus, a claim that Newton's Second Law of Motion, F=ma, might not be applicable in certain cases, sounds as an out of line, and an incorrect claim. Nevertheless, this paper presents such a claim, based on argumentations resulting from the structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law. Based on these structural identities, this paper presents the prediction, that similar to Newton's Gravitational Field, which is already recognized also as a form of Acceleration, also Electric Fields, might be also forms of Acceleration. The above also results in the conclusion, that for Electrically Charged Bodies, attracted or repelled under Coulomb's Law, Newton's Second Law of Motion, F=ma, might not be applicable, and should be replaced with a different Law, namely, F=qa. Also, based on the above-mentioned structural identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, a paper published by the author of this paper, expands Einstein's General Relativity Theory to include Electrically Charged Bodies in addition to Mass Bodies, which also provides an explanation for the source of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged Bodies, which is still a mystery today. The above presented predictions, presented in this paper, that Newton's Second Law of Motion, F=ma, might not be always applicable, and that Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are also forms of Acceleration, might sound extraordinary, not correct, and out of line predictions. However, this paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, and its results will be successful, it might provide validity, (or disprove), the above presented predictions.
A discussion related to the uniqueness of the velocity of Light
Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum ... more Light velocity, when measured by Humans, would always result in a constant value and the maximum possible velocity that humans can measure, a claim that was presented by Einstein's Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof. The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light. But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Mass body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Mass body, does affect the measured velocity value of this Mass body, by this Human spectator.
Humans need the entity of Space to perceive relative positions between objects. Humans
also nee... more Humans need the entity of Space to perceive relative positions between objects. Humans
also need the entities of Space and Time to calculate values that Humans attribute to Motions, such
as Velocity or Acceleration. The entities of Space and Time are also the entities that compose the
four-dimensional Interwoven Space/Time entity, introduced by Einstein’s General Relativity
theory, which provided an explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies.
However, although the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do provide
the significant explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies, via Einstein’s
General Relativity theory, the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, are
not sufficient for providing explanations to additional similar unanswered questions, such as : what
is the origin of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies? Or, why the
velocity of Light, measured by Humans, always results in a constant value and the maximum
velocity that Humans can measure?
This paper presents the following prediction: Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are forms of
Accelerations, like the Gravitational Field, which is already recognized as a form of Acceleration.
This prediction also leads to the following thesis: Changes and Movements are the result of
Interactions between Energies, and the entities of Space and Time are not entities that exist.
The entities of Space and Time are notions (or entities), invented by Humans, because Humans
need such notions to perceive Changes and Motions.
For some Interactions between Energies, which result in Changes or Motions, Humans can
attribute, to these Interactions, attributes of Space and Time, which will assist in providing
explanations to why these Changes or Motions are the result of these Energies Interactions.
However, this paper predicts, that different sets of Interactions between Energies, should be
assigned separate and independent attributes of Space and Time, different and independent from
the Space and the Time attributes, assigned to other sets of Interactions between Energies, to
provide an explanation for the origin of motions which are yet unexplained, such as: what is the
origin of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies?
2
Because different and independent Space and Time attributes should be assigned to different sets
of Interactions between Energies, then, Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, cannot
exist, because the above implies, that there should be multiple, independent notions of Space, and
multiple, independent notions of Time, and not just one universal Space entity, and just one
universal Time entity, as Humans perceive the Space and the Time entities.
By abandoning the conclusion that the entities of Space and Time exist, and by concluding that
Changes and Motions are only the results of Interactions between Energies, the origin of attraction
or repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies can be explained, in addition to the explanation,
already provided by Einstein’s General Relativity theory, relating to the origin of the attraction
between Mass bodies.
Also, by abandoning the conclusion that the entities of Space and Time exist, and by concluding
that Changes and Motions are only the results of Interactions between Energies, a possible partial,
tentative explanation might be also provided to the question: why the velocity of Light, measured
by Humans, always results in a constant value and the maximum velocity that Humans can
measure?
The prediction that the entities of Space and Time do not really exist sounds as an extraordinary,
unbelievable, and out of line statement, at first. This is because, as presented above, the notions
of Space and Time are crucial notions, which Humans need them, to perceive, understand and
calculate Motions and Changes.
However, this paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, and its
results will be successful, as this paper predicts, this will either validate or disprove, what is
presented in this paper.
Humans need the entity of Space to perceive relative positions between objects. Humans also need ... more Humans need the entity of Space to perceive relative positions between objects. Humans also need the entities of Space and Time to calculate values that Humans attribute to Motions, such as Velocity or Acceleration. The entities of Space and Time are also the entities that compose the four-dimensional Interwoven Space/Time entity, introduced by Einstein's General Relativity theory, which provided an explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies. However, although the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do provide the significant explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies, via Einstein's General Relativity theory, the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, are not sufficient for providing explanations to additional similar unanswered questions, such as : what is the origin of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies? Or, why the velocity of Light, measured by Humans, always results in a constant value and the maximum velocity that Humans can measure? This paper presents the following prediction: Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are forms of Accelerations, like the Gravitational Field, which is already recognized as a form of Acceleration.
A discussion related to the existence of the entities of Space and Time, 2023
Humans need the entity of Space to perceive relative positions between objects. Humans also need ... more Humans need the entity of Space to perceive relative positions between objects. Humans also need the entities of Space and Time to calculate values that Humans attribute to Motions, such as Velocity or Acceleration. The entities of Space and Time are also the entities that compose the four-dimensional Interwoven Space/Time entity, introduced by Einstein's General Relativity theory, which provided an explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies. However, although the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do provide the significant explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies, via Einstein's General Relativity theory, the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, are not sufficient for providing explanations to an additional similar unanswered question : what is the origin of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies? This paper presents the following prediction: Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are forms of Accelerations, like the Gravitational Field, which is already recognized as a form of Acceleration.
A Simple Unification of Gravitation and Electricity, 2022
Einstein devoted many years for finding a Classical Unification of Gravity and Electricity. These... more Einstein devoted many years for finding a Classical Unification of Gravity and Electricity. These attempts did not result in conclusive successful results. This study proposes a simple unification of Gravity and Electricity by predicting that Electric Fields are also forms of Accelerations, as Gravity is already recognized as a form of Acceleration. There are other proposals for unifications of Gravity and Electricity, but neither also propose a simple test how to validate the proposed unification. This study, on the other hand, does also propose a relatively simple physical experiment, which if implemented might prove, or disprove, the prediction that Electric Fields are also forms of Acceleration, which will also provide validity to the proposed unification of Gravity and Electricity, or disprove it. One-Sentence Summary: A proof that Electric Fields are forms of Acceleration will also provide a simple unification of Gravitation and Electricity.
Einstein's General Relativity Theory provided an explanation for the source of the attraction bet... more Einstein's General Relativity Theory provided an explanation for the source of the attraction between Mass bodies, which was unexplained, even though Newton's Universal Gravitational Law provided the magnitude of the attraction force between two Mass bodies. Einstein's General Relativity Theory used the observation that Newton's Gravitational Field is also a form of acceleration, and it used this observation to introduce Einstein's Interwoven Space/Time notion, which explained the source of the attraction between Mass bodies. However, the source of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies is still a mystery today, even though the structures of Newton's Universal Gravitational Law, and Coulomb's Law, are identical. This paper provides the prediction that Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are also forms of acceleration. Based on this prediction, a paper published by the author of this paper, expands Einstein's General Relativity Theory to include Electrically Charged bodies in addition to Mass bodies, which also provides an explanation to the source of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies. However, the prediction that Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are also forms of acceleration also implies that the acceleration between two Electrically Charged bodies, attracted to, or repelled from each other, according to Coulomb's Law, is mainly dependent on the magnitudes of the Electric Charges that these bodies carry and not on the magnitudes of the Masses of these bodies, as Newton's Second Law of Motion predicts. Thus, if the prediction, that Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are also forms of acceleration will be found correct, Newton's Second Law of Motion would require a suitable modification. This paper also proposes a physical experiment which might prove (or disprove) the prediction provided by this paper, that Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are also forms of acceleration, which might prove (or disprove) what is presented in this paper.
What Humans Perceive as Time and Space are just Facets of Energy, 2022
Physics might bring recollections of boring and frustrating physics classes at high school, and c... more Physics might bring recollections of boring and frustrating physics classes at high school, and complicated, long, cumbersome equations based on frightening Mathematics. This is not Physics. Science in general, and the science of Physics in particular, are about human endeavors to understand Nature, the Universe, and the Existence in general. Indeed, Physicists rightfully insist on presenting Physics theories using Mathematics, because Mathematics is the language that Science and Physics utilize, because it is based on unambiguous and precise statements. But if the layer of Mathematics from fascinating Physics theories is peeled off, what is revealed is a layer of fascinating ideas, based on human ingenuity. As stated already above, Mathematics provides validity to Science and Physics theories, because it provides unambiguousness and precision to the elements presented in these theories. But the basics ideas, from which the elements of this layer, of human ingenuity emerged, can be usually presented also by using just common language, because Physics ideas can be also presented, with a limited use of Mathematics. This is what this book tries to do. As already stated above, Science in general, and the science of Physics in particular, are about human endeavors to understand Nature, the Universe, and the Existence in general. As such, in the last few centuries, Science and Physics made significant progress in unveiling many mysteries about Nature and the Universe. Although Mathematics provides unambiguousness and precision to the elements presented in Science and Physics theories, no Science and Physics theory is assumed to be the ultimate truth and embed complete validity, because, after all, all these theories are based on humans' ideas, and limited humans' ability to understand Nature. An acceptable measure of validity of a Science and Physics theory is its compliance with physical experiments, which test the validity of its results. Nevertheless, also these experiments are based on limited humans' ability to devise complete full proof experiments, which might result in observations, which cause the necessity to correct a Science or a Physical theory, or even replace it, with a totally new theory, which better complies, with the most recent observations. And, although Science and Physics theories utilize Mathematics to present their statements, still Physics embeds many unresolved questions regarding Nature and the Universe, and it also embeds quite a few peculiarities and paradoxes. Some of these unresolved questions, peculiarities, and paradoxes, that still exist in the Science of Physics today, are the subject of this book. The author of this book is not a physicist by profession and education. The author of this book is a retired Electronics Engineer. However, many years ago, when the author of this book was a young student at high school, the author of this book found the drive to understand appealing. For example, when the author of this book understood that Einstein's General Relativity Theory concluded, that Mass is just a form of Energy, the author of this book tried to understand why the Electric Charge is not also recognized as a form of Energy, based on many similarities between the Mass and the Electric Charge entities. Recently, when the author of this book retired, he could concentrate on delving into such issues and finalizing the ideas that resulted in several published papers, and this book. As already stated above, this book is about attempts to explain some Physics unanswered questions, peculiarities, and paradoxes, which resulted in a revolutionary conclusion: Time, Space, and the Electric Charge are just forms (or facets) of Energy, like Mass is already recognized and accepted by the science of Physics as a form of Energy, following the introduction of Einstein's Special Relativity Theory. This also boils down into another revolutionary conclusion: Nature is composed of only one entity: Energy!!! From the dawn of civilization humans are struggling to understand Nature. Many ideas, tools and theories were developed during this quest, in attempts to narrow down the elements that are important in understanding Nature. However, the science of Physics today still uses many elements to explain Nature, such as Energy, Mass, Electric Charge, Forces, Fields, Space, Time, etc. This book concludes that all the elements, or entities, used by the science of Physics to explain Nature are just facets of one entity: Energy. As already stated above, the conclusion that Nature is composed of only one entity, Energy, is the result of attempts to explain some unanswered questions, peculiarities, and paradoxes, that still exist in the science of Physics today. These attempts use analysis, which is based only on nowadays acceptable Physics theories, and uses only thinking experiments, logic, and reason, as the tools to carry over this analysis. Although the thinking experiments, login, and reason, used in the above-described analysis, seem as very sound and very difficult to contradict, these cannot be sufficient, to provide complete validity, to what is presented in this book. Thus, in addition to the above, this book also proposes several experiments. If these experiments will be executed, and their results will be successful, as this book predicts, this might provide validity, to what is presented in this book. These experiments require means and funds which are beyond the reach of the author of this book.
What Humans Perceive as Time and Space are just Facets of Energy, 2022
Physics might bring recollections of boring and frustrating physics classes at high school, and c... more Physics might bring recollections of boring and frustrating physics classes at high school, and complicated, long, cumbersome equations based on frightening Mathematics. This is not Physics. Science in general, and the science of Physics in particular, are about human endeavors to understand Nature, the Universe, and the Existence in general. Indeed, Physicists rightfully insist on presenting Physics theories using Mathematics, because Mathematics is the language that Science and Physics utilize, because it is based on unambiguous and precise statements. But if the layer of Mathematics from fascinating Physics theories is peeled off, what is revealed is a layer of fascinating ideas, based on human ingenuity. As stated already above, Mathematics provides validity to Science and Physics theories, because it provides unambiguousness and precision to the elements presented in these theories. But the basics ideas, from which the elements of this layer, of human ingenuity emerged, can be usually presented also by using just common language, because Physics ideas can be also presented, with a limited use of Mathematics. This is what this book tries to do. As already stated above, Science in general, and the science of Physics in particular, are about human endeavors to understand Nature, the Universe, and the Existence in general. As such, in the last few centuries, Science and Physics made significant progress in unveiling many mysteries about Nature and the Universe. Although Mathematics provides unambiguousness and precision to the elements presented in Science and Physics theories, no Science and Physics theory is assumed to be the ultimate truth and embed complete validity, because, after all, all these theories are based on humans' ideas, and limited humans' ability to understand Nature. An acceptable measure of validity of a Science and Physics theory is its compliance with physical experiments, which test the validity of its results. Nevertheless, also these experiments are based on limited humans' ability to devise complete full proof experiments, which might result in observations, which cause the necessity to correct a Science or a Physical theory, or even replace it, with a totally new theory, which better complies, with the most recent observations. And, although Science and Physics theories utilize Mathematics to present their statements, still Physics embeds many unresolved questions regarding Nature and the Universe, and it also embeds quite a few peculiarities and paradoxes. Some of these unresolved questions, peculiarities, and paradoxes, that still exist in the Science of Physics today, are the subject of this book. The author of this book is not a physicist by profession and education. The author of this book is a retired Electronics Engineer. However, many years ago, when the author of this book was a young student at high school, the author of this book found the drive to understand appealing. For example, when the author of this book understood that Einstein's General Relativity Theory concluded, that Mass is just a form of Energy, the author of this book tried to understand why the Electric Charge is not also recognized as a form of Energy, based on many similarities between the Mass and the Electric Charge entities. Recently, when the author of this book retired, he could concentrate on delving into such issues and finalizing the ideas that resulted in several published papers, and this book. As already stated above, this book is about attempts to explain some Physics unanswered questions, peculiarities, and paradoxes, which resulted in a revolutionary conclusion: Time, Space, and the Electric Charge are just forms (or facets) of Energy, like Mass is already recognized and accepted by the science of Physics as a form of Energy, following the introduction of Einstein's Special Relativity Theory. This also boils down into another revolutionary conclusion: Nature is composed of only one entity: Energy!!! From the dawn of civilization humans are struggling to understand Nature. Many ideas, tools and theories were developed during this quest, in attempts to narrow down the elements that are important in understanding Nature. However, the science of Physics today still uses many elements to explain Nature, such as Energy, Mass, Electric Charge, Forces, Fields, Space, Time, etc. This book concludes that all the elements, or entities, used by the science of Physics to explain Nature are just facets of one entity: Energy. As already stated above, the conclusion that Nature is composed of only one entity, Energy, is the result of attempts to explain some unanswered questions, peculiarities, and paradoxes, that still exist in the science of Physics today. These attempts use analysis, which is based only on nowadays acceptable Physics theories, and uses only thinking experiments, logic, and reason, as the tools to carry over this analysis. Although the thinking experiments, login, and reason, used in the above-described analysis, seem as very sound and very difficult to contradict, these cannot be sufficient, to provide complete validity, to what is presented in this book. Thus, in addition to the above, this book also proposes several experiments. If these experiments will be executed, and their results will be successful, as this book predicts, this might provide validity, to what is presented in this book. These experiments require means and funds which are beyond the reach of the author of this book.
The study addresses the following question: what is the source of the Dark Energy? The study prov... more The study addresses the following question: what is the source of the Dark Energy? The study provides sound argumentations that Electromagnetic Waves, from separate sources, can consolidate, even though such consolidations seem to embed paradoxes. The study also proposes a physical experiment which might implement consolidations of Electromagnetic Waves, from separate sources. In addition to the above, the study also addresses paradoxes related to the Mutual Annihilation and the Pair Production processes. The study proposes a resolution for all these paradoxes which also concludes that most of the Dark Energy might be related to Electromagnetism and that the Electric Charge is also a form of Energy.
A Discussion about Traceable and Untraceable Energies, 2021
Energy and the Energy Conservation Principle might be the most important building blocks of the P... more Energy and the Energy Conservation Principle might be the most important building blocks of the Physical Sciences. Until the discovery, in the 20 th century, that the Universe expands much faster than the expansion that can be justified by the amount of the calculated Energy in the whole Universe, the Energy was believed to be composed of only Traceable Energy components. After the above-mentioned discovery, the notion of Untraceable Energy (or Dark Energy) was introduced in the science of Physics. However, the exact origin of this Dark Energy is still a mystery. The acceptable notions are that Dark Energy must be looked for in Gravitation using Einstein's General Relativity Theory. This article argues that the origin of most of the Dark Energy might be in Electromagnetism. This article also provides other new insights into the Energy entity, which might also explain additional issues and paradoxes that were yet ignored.
The common notion is that Electromagnetic (EM) waves cannot consolidate. Contrary to that, an art... more The common notion is that Electromagnetic (EM) waves cannot consolidate. Contrary to that, an article [2] published by the author of this article, presented a scenario which argues that EM waves can and do consolidate. Another article [1] published by the author of this article presented one such scenario, in which consolidating EM waves generate an EM Null wave without any electric and magnetic fields, which seems to violate the Energy Conservation Principle. That article [1] resolves this paradox by introducing the novel Energy Pairs Theory, which implies that this Null wave conserves the energy as untraceable energy. This article presents another paradox manifested by another scenario of consolidating EM waves, in which the resultant EM wave contains more traceable energy than the sum of the traceable energies embedded in the consolidating waves. This scenario also seems to violate the Energy Conservation Principle, because energy seems to be created out of nothing. The Energy Pairs Theory resolves this paradox, which also significantly enhances the hypothesis presented in article [1], that the energies embedded in photons and EM waves are composed of traceable and untraceable energies.
A summary of papers which provide the following conclusions: 1. Electromagnetism is the source of... more A summary of papers which provide the following conclusions: 1. Electromagnetism is the source of most of the Dark Energy. 2. Electric Charges are also a form of Energy. 3. What humans perceive as Time and Space are just facets of Energy. 4. The Universe is compose of only one entity: Energy.
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Videos by Moshe Segal
ignite interest in carrying over a suitable experiment which might prove that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources can and do consolidate.
This video adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, which can also be recorded on photos.
However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this causes paradoxes, which must be addressed.
This provides support to the claim that an experiment to implement and test such consolidations of EM waves from separate sources and provide explanations to the paradoxes involved in this scenario, is an important endeavor.
Papers by Moshe Segal
On the other hand, Physics is about providing explanations about the Existence and the Universe, and it is expected that the Physics explanations should be accompanied by reason and proof.
However, Physics does still contain statements which are presented as Axioms, even though, such statements are usually the basis, or the corner stones, of structures, which are built over these statements.
This paper addresses this issue, about some of such statements that Physics presents as Axioms, and this paper also intends to provide an additional tentative explanation for one of these statements, which might help in providing additional validity to these statements.
such a scenario, Newton's Second Law of Motion should be replaced by a different Law.
In addition to the above, additional more significant and revolutionary implications, regarding how Humans should perceive, the very Nature of the entities of Space and Time, also arise, if the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, which also might provide an answer to the question: why Electric Charges attract or repel each other? That question is still a mystery today, although the answer to the question: why Massive Bodies attract each other? is already provided by Einstein's General Relativity theory. The above might also provide a lead to achieve a simple Unification between Gravity and Electricity, a quest which the nowadays Science of Physics is still struggling with, without achieving yet satisfactory results.
In addition to presenting very convincing arguments that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, based on Structural Identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this article also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might physically prove, (or disprove) that Qeios, CC-BY 4.0 · Article, January 16, 2024
Qeios ID: 4VBWL7.3 · https://doi.org/10.32388/4VBWL7.3 1/21
the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration.
Parts of this paper also exist in additional preprints, by the author of this paper, which are already posted on the web.
But this paper contains additional materials, relating mainly to additional more significant implications, if the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The discussion, in this paper, starts with an introduction presenting why Gravity is already recognized as a form of acceleration, and then, continues to the arguments why the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of
acceleration.
and the maximum possible velocity, a claim that was presented by Einstein’s Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof.
The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light.
But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Mass body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Mass body, does affect the
measured velocity value of this Mass body, by this Human spectator.
But, when a moving Human spectator, measures the velocity value of a Light beam, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the direction of motion of this Light beam, does not affect at all, the measured velocity value of this Light beam, by this Human spectator, which always results in a constant Light velocity value, which is also the maximum velocity value that Humans can measure.
This should be regarded as a severe peculiarity, in any velocity value measurements of Light beams, by Humans, which must be also explained.
This paper provides a tentative explanation to the uniqueness related to the velocity of Light and to the severe peculiarity related to the velocity of Light that are presented above. This explanation is based on a prediction that Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do not really exit.
The author of this paper presented this prediction in an additional paper titled: “A discussion related to the existence of the entities of Space and Time” (12) which is referenced in this paper. The details related to this prediction are also presented in this paper. That referenced paper (12) also suggests an experiment, which if implemented, and its result will be successful, might provide validity, or disprove, the predictions presented in that referenced paper, and, as a result, also might provide validity, or disprove, what is presented in this paper
ignite interest in carrying over a suitable experiment which might prove that Electromagnetic (EM) waves from separate sources can and do consolidate.
This video adds further support to the statement that EM waves from separate sources can consolidate, support that everybody can experience, from everyday experience, which can also be recorded on photos.
However, if EM waves from separate sources do consolidate, this causes paradoxes, which must be addressed.
This provides support to the claim that an experiment to implement and test such consolidations of EM waves from separate sources and provide explanations to the paradoxes involved in this scenario, is an important endeavor.
On the other hand, Physics is about providing explanations about the Existence and the Universe, and it is expected that the Physics explanations should be accompanied by reason and proof.
However, Physics does still contain statements which are presented as Axioms, even though, such statements are usually the basis, or the corner stones, of structures, which are built over these statements.
This paper addresses this issue, about some of such statements that Physics presents as Axioms, and this paper also intends to provide an additional tentative explanation for one of these statements, which might help in providing additional validity to these statements.
such a scenario, Newton's Second Law of Motion should be replaced by a different Law.
In addition to the above, additional more significant and revolutionary implications, regarding how Humans should perceive, the very Nature of the entities of Space and Time, also arise, if the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, which also might provide an answer to the question: why Electric Charges attract or repel each other? That question is still a mystery today, although the answer to the question: why Massive Bodies attract each other? is already provided by Einstein's General Relativity theory. The above might also provide a lead to achieve a simple Unification between Gravity and Electricity, a quest which the nowadays Science of Physics is still struggling with, without achieving yet satisfactory results.
In addition to presenting very convincing arguments that the Electric Field might be also recognized as a form of acceleration, based on Structural Identities between Newton's Universal Gravitational Law and Coulomb's Law, this article also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, it might physically prove, (or disprove) that Qeios, CC-BY 4.0 · Article, January 16, 2024
Qeios ID: 4VBWL7.3 · https://doi.org/10.32388/4VBWL7.3 1/21
the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of Acceleration.
Parts of this paper also exist in additional preprints, by the author of this paper, which are already posted on the web.
But this paper contains additional materials, relating mainly to additional more significant implications, if the Electric Field will be also recognized as a form of Acceleration. The discussion, in this paper, starts with an introduction presenting why Gravity is already recognized as a form of acceleration, and then, continues to the arguments why the Electric Field should be also recognized as a form of
acceleration.
and the maximum possible velocity, a claim that was presented by Einstein’s Special Relativity Theory as an axiom, without any proof.
The above demonstrates the uniqueness of the velocity of Light.
But it should be also emphasized that the velocity of Light also presents a severe peculiarity, which is presented as follows: When a moving Human spectator measures the velocity value of any tangible substance, for example, the velocity of a moving Mass body, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the velocity and the direction of motion of this Mass body, does affect the
measured velocity value of this Mass body, by this Human spectator.
But, when a moving Human spectator, measures the velocity value of a Light beam, the velocity, and the direction of motion of this spectator, relative to the direction of motion of this Light beam, does not affect at all, the measured velocity value of this Light beam, by this Human spectator, which always results in a constant Light velocity value, which is also the maximum velocity value that Humans can measure.
This should be regarded as a severe peculiarity, in any velocity value measurements of Light beams, by Humans, which must be also explained.
This paper provides a tentative explanation to the uniqueness related to the velocity of Light and to the severe peculiarity related to the velocity of Light that are presented above. This explanation is based on a prediction that Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do not really exit.
The author of this paper presented this prediction in an additional paper titled: “A discussion related to the existence of the entities of Space and Time” (12) which is referenced in this paper. The details related to this prediction are also presented in this paper. That referenced paper (12) also suggests an experiment, which if implemented, and its result will be successful, might provide validity, or disprove, the predictions presented in that referenced paper, and, as a result, also might provide validity, or disprove, what is presented in this paper
also need the entities of Space and Time to calculate values that Humans attribute to Motions, such
as Velocity or Acceleration. The entities of Space and Time are also the entities that compose the
four-dimensional Interwoven Space/Time entity, introduced by Einstein’s General Relativity
theory, which provided an explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies.
However, although the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, do provide
the significant explanation of the origin of the attraction between Mass bodies, via Einstein’s
General Relativity theory, the notions of Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, are
not sufficient for providing explanations to additional similar unanswered questions, such as : what
is the origin of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies? Or, why the
velocity of Light, measured by Humans, always results in a constant value and the maximum
velocity that Humans can measure?
This paper presents the following prediction: Electric (or Magnetic) Fields are forms of
Accelerations, like the Gravitational Field, which is already recognized as a form of Acceleration.
This prediction also leads to the following thesis: Changes and Movements are the result of
Interactions between Energies, and the entities of Space and Time are not entities that exist.
The entities of Space and Time are notions (or entities), invented by Humans, because Humans
need such notions to perceive Changes and Motions.
For some Interactions between Energies, which result in Changes or Motions, Humans can
attribute, to these Interactions, attributes of Space and Time, which will assist in providing
explanations to why these Changes or Motions are the result of these Energies Interactions.
However, this paper predicts, that different sets of Interactions between Energies, should be
assigned separate and independent attributes of Space and Time, different and independent from
the Space and the Time attributes, assigned to other sets of Interactions between Energies, to
provide an explanation for the origin of motions which are yet unexplained, such as: what is the
origin of the attraction or the repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies?
2
Because different and independent Space and Time attributes should be assigned to different sets
of Interactions between Energies, then, Space and Time, as Humans perceive these notions, cannot
exist, because the above implies, that there should be multiple, independent notions of Space, and
multiple, independent notions of Time, and not just one universal Space entity, and just one
universal Time entity, as Humans perceive the Space and the Time entities.
By abandoning the conclusion that the entities of Space and Time exist, and by concluding that
Changes and Motions are only the results of Interactions between Energies, the origin of attraction
or repulsion between Electrically Charged bodies can be explained, in addition to the explanation,
already provided by Einstein’s General Relativity theory, relating to the origin of the attraction
between Mass bodies.
Also, by abandoning the conclusion that the entities of Space and Time exist, and by concluding
that Changes and Motions are only the results of Interactions between Energies, a possible partial,
tentative explanation might be also provided to the question: why the velocity of Light, measured
by Humans, always results in a constant value and the maximum velocity that Humans can
measure?
The prediction that the entities of Space and Time do not really exist sounds as an extraordinary,
unbelievable, and out of line statement, at first. This is because, as presented above, the notions
of Space and Time are crucial notions, which Humans need them, to perceive, understand and
calculate Motions and Changes.
However, this paper also proposes a relatively simple experiment, which if implemented, and its
results will be successful, as this paper predicts, this will either validate or disprove, what is
presented in this paper.