Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 12, 2020
Context: Immunostimulants promote immune response and growth, and raise stress and aquaculture di... more Context: Immunostimulants promote immune response and growth, and raise stress and aquaculture disease resistance. At times, the results are contradictory and misleading regarding their utilization. Accordingly, the following problematic was stated: Could the related scientific literature on prebiotics and probiotics that evaluate the indicators of the immune system of shrimps be the basis for decision-making in shrimp-culture immunostimulant use? Aim: To evaluate the influence of prebiotics and probiotics on the phenoloxidase expression and activity in Penaeus shrimps, using meta-analysis for decision-making in shrimp culture. Methods: Several searches were conducted in Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus, between 2008 and 2019, related to the influence of immunostimulants on phenoloxidase activity and gene expression. The statistical analysis was conducted by means of Metanalysis 0.9.2., with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 262 scientific articles on prebiotic and probiotic evaluation in Penaeus shrimps were compiled. Out of them, 61 met the inclusion criteria for immunological response: 51 dealt with phenoloxidase activity, and 11 studied prophenoloxidase. Both prebiotics and probiotics stimulated the enzyme and proenzyme; the plant extracts had a major role in the modification of this activity, whereas the Bacilli produced the highest stimulation. Conclusions: The scientific literature on Penaeus shrimp phenoloxidase activity indicated careful evaluation due to the experimental design and way expressed in the results.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
The purpose of this article is to describe the evolution of the meanings of the Arabic technical ... more The purpose of this article is to describe the evolution of the meanings of the Arabic technical term înniyyat in Islamic philosophy, brought thanks to the Greek to Arabic translations of the works of the Aristotelian and Neoplatonic corpus, but originally reworked in the Islamic context. The term refers to the notion of reality, although it also points to the meanings of existence and essence.El objetivo de este artículo es describir la evolución de los significados del término técnico árabe înniyyat en la filosofía islámica, traído gracias a las traducciones del griego al árabe de las obras del corpus aristotélico y neoplatónico, pero relaborado de forma original en el contexto islámico. Este término que refiere principalmente a la noción de realidad, pero que modula en los conceptos de existencia, ipseidad, estidad y esencia, ha jugado un papel central en producción filosófica de oriente y occidente. En este último contexto ha sido importante por medio de su traducción al término latino haecceitas por Escoto. El término înniyyat ha estado sujeto a equívocos debido, por una parte, a su morfología y fonética, y a su amplio espectro de significados en dependencia del tipo de campo de pensamiento donde se le emplee
Revista de investigaciones veterinarias del Perú, Oct 11, 2017
Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia antihelmíntica de las presentaciones empleadas en los equi... more Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia antihelmíntica de las presentaciones empleadas en los equinos de un rancho cubano, se realizó un test de reducción del recuento fecal de huevos de estróngilos (TRCFH) frente al albendazol y a la ivermectina, administrados vía oral. Se seleccionaron 33 equinos (albendazol 18; ivermectina 15). La reducción del conteo de huevos frente al albendazol varió entre 38% para el albendazol micronizado y 33% para el albendazol sulfóxido. La eficacia de la ivermectina fue del 100%. Posteriormente, a cuatro equinos con altos recuentos de huevos de los grupos tratados con albendazol se les hizo una segunda desparasitación con ivermectina en el día 17 posterior a la dosificación inicial para colectar en las heces los nematodos resistentes al benzimidazol. Estos nematodos fueron identificados morfológicamente. Del total de nematodos colectados, se identificaron 493 pertenecientes a las especies Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cylicostephanus goldi y Cylicostephanus minutus, las cuales representaron el 78.5, 7.7, 6.5, 3.9 y 3.4%, respectivamente. Este fue el primer reporte de C. minutus en equinos de Cuba. Se concluye que al menos cinco de las especies de ciatostomas fueron resistentes al albendazol.
Understanding of parasitic diseases begins by knowing the species of a population. Accordingly, i... more Understanding of parasitic diseases begins by knowing the species of a population. Accordingly, information to identify the equine helminth faunas of Cuba was recollected due to the gradual loss of data caused by deterioration of the printed scientific literature. These parasitic populations were first identified by Doctor Idelfonso Pérez Vigueras during the first half of the 21 ST Century. Further studies were conducted on horse populations in different provinces. Currently, 34 helminths have been properly reported, including nine benzimidazole-resistant species of cyathostomes in several herds. As a result of a large number of nematodes described in the international scientific literature, and due to the insufficient studies made in Cuba, the equine helminth faunas probably include a larger number of species. Hence, further comprehensive studies should be conducted on this topic.
La comprensión de las enfermedades parasitarias, comienza por el conocimiento de las especies pre... more La comprensión de las enfermedades parasitarias, comienza por el conocimiento de las especies presentes en una población. Debido a la pérdida paulatina por deterioro de las fuentes bibliográficas impresas, se procedió a recopilar información sobre la identificación de la helmintofauna equina de Cuba. Estas poblaciones de parásitos comenzaron a ser identificada por el doctor Idelfonso Pérez Vigueras a mediados de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Posteriormente otros trabajos fueron realizados en poblaciones de caballos en diferentes provincias. Hasta el momento un total de 34 helmintos se encuentran debidamente reportados. Entre los cuales nueve especies de ciatostomas resultaron resistentes a los benzimidazoles en varios rebaños del País. Como consecuencia del gran número de especies de nematodos descritos en los últimos años en la literatura internacional y lo poco estudiado del tema en Cuba, es muy probable que la helmintofauna equina en el país esté compuesta por un mayor número de especies. Por lo cual, se requiere realizar estudios más abarcadores del tema.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, May 1, 2017
Equine cyathostomin parasites are ubiquitous in grazing horses and have been shown to cause sever... more Equine cyathostomin parasites are ubiquitous in grazing horses and have been shown to cause severe inflammatory disease in the large intestine of horses. Decades of intensive anthelmintic therapy have led to widespread anthelmintic resistance in cyathostomins across the world. In Cuba, no anthelmintic products are formulated and sold for equine usage and little is known about anthelmintic efficacy of ruminant and swine formulations used. A strongyle fecal egg count reduction test was used to assess the efficacy of a liquid formulation of ivermectin labelled for use in swine, ruminants and carnivores and a pelleted formulation of albendazole labelled for usage in ruminants. Nine farms in the province Camagüey were enrolled in the study comprising 149 horses in total. Albendazole efficacy was reduced on five farms and with the other four farms having no signs of reduced efficacy. Mean farm efficacies were ranging from 41.7% to 100% on the tested farms. Coprocultures found large strongyle larvae present on all farms, but all larvae identified post-treatment were cyathostomins. Ivermectin was found 100% efficacious on all studied farms. This study provided evidence of reduced albendazole efficacy in the study population. Further work is needed to evaluate whether these findings reflect true resistance or if they are due to pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic characteristics of the pelleted formulation tested here.
Resumen: El término nūr posee un rol fundamental en el pensamiento ʾišrāqī y dentro de toda la le... more Resumen: El término nūr posee un rol fundamental en el pensamiento ʾišrāqī y dentro de toda la lexicografía islámica, así como una diacronía singular en el pensamiento de Suhrawardī (1154-1191), donde converge en diferentes campos como la epistemología, la ontología, la mística y la onto-teología. Este artículo pretende en primer lugar operar a modo de un breve léxico suhrawardiano correspondiente a esta categoría capital de la filosofía ʾišrāqī, valiéndose del enfoque cognitivo de la terminología basada en marcos. Se utilizará como principal fuente la obra Ḥikma al-ʾišrāq. En segundo lugar, se realizará un breve análisis comparativo por medio de la lógica de predicados, la teoría de metalenguaje y la teoría constructiva de tipos (TCT) del concepto de nūr con empleo del elativo en árabe.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Nov 22, 2021
The knowledge and management of the populations genetic diversity allow decision-making on the fa... more The knowledge and management of the populations genetic diversity allow decision-making on the family structure and genomic selection for the optimization of culture programs. Ammonium is a toxic compound for aquaculture species, causing gill damage and necrosis of internal organs. Also, ammonia depresses the immune system of shrimp, making them more vulnerable to disease. The present study aimed to evaluate genetic diversity using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with desired ammonium tolerance and disease resistance traits, reported in the reviewed literature. We proceeded to take samples of shrimp pleopods from reproductive banks of Cuban shrimp lines. The genotyping of the samples was developed with the service of the Center for Aquaculture Technologies (CAT). SNPs related to resistance to diseases such as those related to hemocyanin and resistance to the WSSV virus were included in the search for candidate traits. Regarding the frequencies evaluated in the reference articles, the Cuban lines present low values, all below 0.5. The Cuban lines with the highest values of SNPs related to the candidate traits were lines 14 and 1. It is advisable to cross and select these lines with lines with greater genetic diversity in Cuban populations.
Resumen: El filósofo persa Mullâ Ṣadrâ (1571-1635) realizó una obra filosófica enmarcada en el co... more Resumen: El filósofo persa Mullâ Ṣadrâ (1571-1635) realizó una obra filosófica enmarcada en el concepto de wuyûd, que denota existencia o Ser. En sus textos, como en el de otros filósofos islámicos, se daba una connotación superlativa al concepto de wuyûd con el uso del elativo o âf 'alu tafdzîl en árabe. El uso de este elativo se corresponde a una afirmación que remarca el estatus ontológico del Ser. A partir de un análisis a dos fragmentos de las obras de Mullâ Ṣadrâ "Aš-šawâhid ar-rubûbiyya" y "Kitâb al-mašâˁir" se realizará un estudio comparado del uso del elativo desde la lógica de predicados manejada por el lógico alemán Kai Borrmann y la Teoría Constructiva de Tipos (TCT) utilizada por el lógico indio-argentino Shahid Rahman.
Growth hormone (GH) release is a process that is well regulated by several factors, including GH ... more Growth hormone (GH) release is a process that is well regulated by several factors, including GH secretagogues. GH can mediate the regulation of the fatty acid level and composition. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a synthetic GH secretagogue peptide (A233) on the growth and fatty acid composition in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). To address this objective, we administrated a diet supplemented with A233 to juvenile tilapia for 60 days. The group fed with a diet supplemented with 600 μg of A233 per kg of feed increased in weight (4.81 AE 0.09 g) and specific growth rate (2.49 AE 0.03%/ day) compared to the control diet group (3.63 AE 0.08 g, 2.07 AE 0.04%/day; respectively) (p < 0.001). In the muscle, the total lipids for the control diet group were higher than that in the group fed with 600 μg of A233 per kg feed; however, no differences were detected in the liver. In both tissues, the patterns of fatty acid composition and content were generally similar, with some exceptions. Tilapia fed with 600 μg of A233 per kg of feed showed, in liver and muscle, a significantly higher composition and content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, 22:6n-3) and n-3/n-6 PUFA than animals fed with the control diet. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the the effects of natural or synthetic GH secretagogues (GHS) on fatty acid composition, implying an increase in the nutritional quality of the tilapia. Keywords Fatty acid compositions Á Fatty acid contents Á Growth hormone secretagogue Á Muscle Á Tilapia Lipids (2018).
İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi dergisi, Jun 9, 2017
Cyathostomins are the most common and important group of large intestine nematodes, infecting hor... more Cyathostomins are the most common and important group of large intestine nematodes, infecting horses worldwide. The current control strategy is associated with the development of anthelmintic resistance, which has been reported worldwide. Therefore, experiments with this family of parasites have become progressively important to provide their monitoring and control strategies. The aim of the present study was to propose a faster and more economic assay for isolation of genomic DNA from the adult stage of Cyathostomin parasites than reported. Adult parasites were collected from a single horse from a farm in São José dos Pinhais, PR, Brazil, and were identified. Genomic DNA was isolated from ten individual female adult parasites using a standardized procedure developed. Then, extraction from ten individual female was carried out by another DNA extraction method. DNA concentration from both methods were measured and compared. We obtained a good DNA quality with this standardized procedure. As a result of this analysis, we propose a modified phenol-chloroform method, which will contribute to assays that require DNA extraction from adult worms for genomic DNA sequences of cyathostomin, or species-specific identification. Tolliver, S.C., 2000. A practical method of identification of the North American cyathostomes (small strongyles) in equids in Kentucky.
A genetic transformation system for penaeid shrimp could provide a powerful technique for the imp... more A genetic transformation system for penaeid shrimp could provide a powerful technique for the improvement of different production traits of importance for a sustainable aquaculture. The development of a successful transformation system depends on the ability to efficiently introduce exogenous DNA into the target species. The ability of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide of the SV40 T antigen to facilitate nuclear import and transient gene expression is known from vertebrate systems and for the first time, is shown here to be efficient in a crustacean species, i.e. the shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti. Electroporation was used to introduce the pCMV-lacZ plasmid that contains the human cytomegalovirus promoter/enhancer (CMV) fused to the h-galactosidase (lacZ) coding region, into L. schmitti zygotes. Supercoiled DNA was used at 50 or 500 ng/Al naked or bound to NLS peptide. The hatching rate of electroporated zygotes was around 60% for all groups, except from the pCMV-lacZ:NLS group at 500 ng/Al (43%). Based on Southern blot analyses of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products the gene transfer frequency was 2-fold higher using DNA:NLS complexes than with naked DNA (23.8% vs. 11.5%, with 50 ng/Al of plasmid DNA, 44.3% vs. 28.8% with 500 ng/Al). The h-galactosidase activity assay indicated that nuclear uptake is faster for the DNA:NLS complexes than for naked DNA. The h-galactosidase activity was always higher in the DNA:NLS groups than in the naked DNA groups. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of an NLS peptide to improve gene transfer and nuclear uptake in crustaceans.
Background Food allergy has emerged as a signi cant medical problem in the last decades. Probioti... more Background Food allergy has emerged as a signi cant medical problem in the last decades. Probiotics' effects on food allergies have brought contradictory results. The present study aimed to assess the probiotic's results in cytokines related to food allergy through meta-analysis. Methods Science Direct and Scopus search engines were searched for relevant studies published from 2008 to 2019 without language exclusion. Some experiments were selected from articles evaluating the effect of probiotics on food allergy through pre-clinical studies, with the results published in peer-reviewed journals, with any dispersion measure. Cytokines values were selected as outcomes. We used metaregression to study the probiotic effect in each cytokine and the in uence of some experimental design factors. Results We obtained a total of 13 studies that met the criteria for the meta-analysis. Probiotics download the regulation of IL-4 and IgE and the upload regulation in IL-6 and TGF-β compared to controls. Lactobacillus is a species that helps in the restoration of IL-4 levels. Animal age, probiotic concentration, and microorganism specie affect the probiotic effect in INF-γ. Conclusion The meta-analysis evidenced, in pre-clinical studies, the effects of probiotics on cytokines related to food allergy.
Resumen: Dentro de la corriente filosófica del realismo especulativo se puede apreciar una fuerte... more Resumen: Dentro de la corriente filosófica del realismo especulativo se puede apreciar una fuerte influencia de la filosofía islámica, en cuanto a conceptos desarrollados en ella. En el caso del filósofo Graham Harman con la conceptualización del término causación vicaria llega a elaborar una teoría causal, que tiene sus referentes en la teoría de la causalidad del pensamiento teológico-filosófico islámico, abarcando tanto al ocasionalismo âsh'arî como al 'irfân o mística islámica.
Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science, Dec 1, 2015
Ward et al. 1997). Dentro de estas técnicas, McMaster es la más popular universalmente (Bosco 201... more Ward et al. 1997). Dentro de estas técnicas, McMaster es la más popular universalmente (Bosco 2014) y más recientemente, el Mini-FLOTAC (Rinaldi 2014). El examen postmorten (necropsia) en los
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 12, 2020
Context: Immunostimulants promote immune response and growth, and raise stress and aquaculture di... more Context: Immunostimulants promote immune response and growth, and raise stress and aquaculture disease resistance. At times, the results are contradictory and misleading regarding their utilization. Accordingly, the following problematic was stated: Could the related scientific literature on prebiotics and probiotics that evaluate the indicators of the immune system of shrimps be the basis for decision-making in shrimp-culture immunostimulant use? Aim: To evaluate the influence of prebiotics and probiotics on the phenoloxidase expression and activity in Penaeus shrimps, using meta-analysis for decision-making in shrimp culture. Methods: Several searches were conducted in Pubmed, Science Direct, and Scopus, between 2008 and 2019, related to the influence of immunostimulants on phenoloxidase activity and gene expression. The statistical analysis was conducted by means of Metanalysis 0.9.2., with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 262 scientific articles on prebiotic and probiotic evaluation in Penaeus shrimps were compiled. Out of them, 61 met the inclusion criteria for immunological response: 51 dealt with phenoloxidase activity, and 11 studied prophenoloxidase. Both prebiotics and probiotics stimulated the enzyme and proenzyme; the plant extracts had a major role in the modification of this activity, whereas the Bacilli produced the highest stimulation. Conclusions: The scientific literature on Penaeus shrimp phenoloxidase activity indicated careful evaluation due to the experimental design and way expressed in the results.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
The purpose of this article is to describe the evolution of the meanings of the Arabic technical ... more The purpose of this article is to describe the evolution of the meanings of the Arabic technical term înniyyat in Islamic philosophy, brought thanks to the Greek to Arabic translations of the works of the Aristotelian and Neoplatonic corpus, but originally reworked in the Islamic context. The term refers to the notion of reality, although it also points to the meanings of existence and essence.El objetivo de este artículo es describir la evolución de los significados del término técnico árabe înniyyat en la filosofía islámica, traído gracias a las traducciones del griego al árabe de las obras del corpus aristotélico y neoplatónico, pero relaborado de forma original en el contexto islámico. Este término que refiere principalmente a la noción de realidad, pero que modula en los conceptos de existencia, ipseidad, estidad y esencia, ha jugado un papel central en producción filosófica de oriente y occidente. En este último contexto ha sido importante por medio de su traducción al término latino haecceitas por Escoto. El término înniyyat ha estado sujeto a equívocos debido, por una parte, a su morfología y fonética, y a su amplio espectro de significados en dependencia del tipo de campo de pensamiento donde se le emplee
Revista de investigaciones veterinarias del Perú, Oct 11, 2017
Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia antihelmíntica de las presentaciones empleadas en los equi... more Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia antihelmíntica de las presentaciones empleadas en los equinos de un rancho cubano, se realizó un test de reducción del recuento fecal de huevos de estróngilos (TRCFH) frente al albendazol y a la ivermectina, administrados vía oral. Se seleccionaron 33 equinos (albendazol 18; ivermectina 15). La reducción del conteo de huevos frente al albendazol varió entre 38% para el albendazol micronizado y 33% para el albendazol sulfóxido. La eficacia de la ivermectina fue del 100%. Posteriormente, a cuatro equinos con altos recuentos de huevos de los grupos tratados con albendazol se les hizo una segunda desparasitación con ivermectina en el día 17 posterior a la dosificación inicial para colectar en las heces los nematodos resistentes al benzimidazol. Estos nematodos fueron identificados morfológicamente. Del total de nematodos colectados, se identificaron 493 pertenecientes a las especies Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cylicostephanus goldi y Cylicostephanus minutus, las cuales representaron el 78.5, 7.7, 6.5, 3.9 y 3.4%, respectivamente. Este fue el primer reporte de C. minutus en equinos de Cuba. Se concluye que al menos cinco de las especies de ciatostomas fueron resistentes al albendazol.
Understanding of parasitic diseases begins by knowing the species of a population. Accordingly, i... more Understanding of parasitic diseases begins by knowing the species of a population. Accordingly, information to identify the equine helminth faunas of Cuba was recollected due to the gradual loss of data caused by deterioration of the printed scientific literature. These parasitic populations were first identified by Doctor Idelfonso Pérez Vigueras during the first half of the 21 ST Century. Further studies were conducted on horse populations in different provinces. Currently, 34 helminths have been properly reported, including nine benzimidazole-resistant species of cyathostomes in several herds. As a result of a large number of nematodes described in the international scientific literature, and due to the insufficient studies made in Cuba, the equine helminth faunas probably include a larger number of species. Hence, further comprehensive studies should be conducted on this topic.
La comprensión de las enfermedades parasitarias, comienza por el conocimiento de las especies pre... more La comprensión de las enfermedades parasitarias, comienza por el conocimiento de las especies presentes en una población. Debido a la pérdida paulatina por deterioro de las fuentes bibliográficas impresas, se procedió a recopilar información sobre la identificación de la helmintofauna equina de Cuba. Estas poblaciones de parásitos comenzaron a ser identificada por el doctor Idelfonso Pérez Vigueras a mediados de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Posteriormente otros trabajos fueron realizados en poblaciones de caballos en diferentes provincias. Hasta el momento un total de 34 helmintos se encuentran debidamente reportados. Entre los cuales nueve especies de ciatostomas resultaron resistentes a los benzimidazoles en varios rebaños del País. Como consecuencia del gran número de especies de nematodos descritos en los últimos años en la literatura internacional y lo poco estudiado del tema en Cuba, es muy probable que la helmintofauna equina en el país esté compuesta por un mayor número de especies. Por lo cual, se requiere realizar estudios más abarcadores del tema.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, May 1, 2017
Equine cyathostomin parasites are ubiquitous in grazing horses and have been shown to cause sever... more Equine cyathostomin parasites are ubiquitous in grazing horses and have been shown to cause severe inflammatory disease in the large intestine of horses. Decades of intensive anthelmintic therapy have led to widespread anthelmintic resistance in cyathostomins across the world. In Cuba, no anthelmintic products are formulated and sold for equine usage and little is known about anthelmintic efficacy of ruminant and swine formulations used. A strongyle fecal egg count reduction test was used to assess the efficacy of a liquid formulation of ivermectin labelled for use in swine, ruminants and carnivores and a pelleted formulation of albendazole labelled for usage in ruminants. Nine farms in the province Camagüey were enrolled in the study comprising 149 horses in total. Albendazole efficacy was reduced on five farms and with the other four farms having no signs of reduced efficacy. Mean farm efficacies were ranging from 41.7% to 100% on the tested farms. Coprocultures found large strongyle larvae present on all farms, but all larvae identified post-treatment were cyathostomins. Ivermectin was found 100% efficacious on all studied farms. This study provided evidence of reduced albendazole efficacy in the study population. Further work is needed to evaluate whether these findings reflect true resistance or if they are due to pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic characteristics of the pelleted formulation tested here.
Resumen: El término nūr posee un rol fundamental en el pensamiento ʾišrāqī y dentro de toda la le... more Resumen: El término nūr posee un rol fundamental en el pensamiento ʾišrāqī y dentro de toda la lexicografía islámica, así como una diacronía singular en el pensamiento de Suhrawardī (1154-1191), donde converge en diferentes campos como la epistemología, la ontología, la mística y la onto-teología. Este artículo pretende en primer lugar operar a modo de un breve léxico suhrawardiano correspondiente a esta categoría capital de la filosofía ʾišrāqī, valiéndose del enfoque cognitivo de la terminología basada en marcos. Se utilizará como principal fuente la obra Ḥikma al-ʾišrāq. En segundo lugar, se realizará un breve análisis comparativo por medio de la lógica de predicados, la teoría de metalenguaje y la teoría constructiva de tipos (TCT) del concepto de nūr con empleo del elativo en árabe.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Nov 22, 2021
The knowledge and management of the populations genetic diversity allow decision-making on the fa... more The knowledge and management of the populations genetic diversity allow decision-making on the family structure and genomic selection for the optimization of culture programs. Ammonium is a toxic compound for aquaculture species, causing gill damage and necrosis of internal organs. Also, ammonia depresses the immune system of shrimp, making them more vulnerable to disease. The present study aimed to evaluate genetic diversity using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with desired ammonium tolerance and disease resistance traits, reported in the reviewed literature. We proceeded to take samples of shrimp pleopods from reproductive banks of Cuban shrimp lines. The genotyping of the samples was developed with the service of the Center for Aquaculture Technologies (CAT). SNPs related to resistance to diseases such as those related to hemocyanin and resistance to the WSSV virus were included in the search for candidate traits. Regarding the frequencies evaluated in the reference articles, the Cuban lines present low values, all below 0.5. The Cuban lines with the highest values of SNPs related to the candidate traits were lines 14 and 1. It is advisable to cross and select these lines with lines with greater genetic diversity in Cuban populations.
Resumen: El filósofo persa Mullâ Ṣadrâ (1571-1635) realizó una obra filosófica enmarcada en el co... more Resumen: El filósofo persa Mullâ Ṣadrâ (1571-1635) realizó una obra filosófica enmarcada en el concepto de wuyûd, que denota existencia o Ser. En sus textos, como en el de otros filósofos islámicos, se daba una connotación superlativa al concepto de wuyûd con el uso del elativo o âf 'alu tafdzîl en árabe. El uso de este elativo se corresponde a una afirmación que remarca el estatus ontológico del Ser. A partir de un análisis a dos fragmentos de las obras de Mullâ Ṣadrâ "Aš-šawâhid ar-rubûbiyya" y "Kitâb al-mašâˁir" se realizará un estudio comparado del uso del elativo desde la lógica de predicados manejada por el lógico alemán Kai Borrmann y la Teoría Constructiva de Tipos (TCT) utilizada por el lógico indio-argentino Shahid Rahman.
Growth hormone (GH) release is a process that is well regulated by several factors, including GH ... more Growth hormone (GH) release is a process that is well regulated by several factors, including GH secretagogues. GH can mediate the regulation of the fatty acid level and composition. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a synthetic GH secretagogue peptide (A233) on the growth and fatty acid composition in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). To address this objective, we administrated a diet supplemented with A233 to juvenile tilapia for 60 days. The group fed with a diet supplemented with 600 μg of A233 per kg of feed increased in weight (4.81 AE 0.09 g) and specific growth rate (2.49 AE 0.03%/ day) compared to the control diet group (3.63 AE 0.08 g, 2.07 AE 0.04%/day; respectively) (p < 0.001). In the muscle, the total lipids for the control diet group were higher than that in the group fed with 600 μg of A233 per kg feed; however, no differences were detected in the liver. In both tissues, the patterns of fatty acid composition and content were generally similar, with some exceptions. Tilapia fed with 600 μg of A233 per kg of feed showed, in liver and muscle, a significantly higher composition and content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (such as 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, 22:6n-3) and n-3/n-6 PUFA than animals fed with the control diet. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the the effects of natural or synthetic GH secretagogues (GHS) on fatty acid composition, implying an increase in the nutritional quality of the tilapia. Keywords Fatty acid compositions Á Fatty acid contents Á Growth hormone secretagogue Á Muscle Á Tilapia Lipids (2018).
İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi dergisi, Jun 9, 2017
Cyathostomins are the most common and important group of large intestine nematodes, infecting hor... more Cyathostomins are the most common and important group of large intestine nematodes, infecting horses worldwide. The current control strategy is associated with the development of anthelmintic resistance, which has been reported worldwide. Therefore, experiments with this family of parasites have become progressively important to provide their monitoring and control strategies. The aim of the present study was to propose a faster and more economic assay for isolation of genomic DNA from the adult stage of Cyathostomin parasites than reported. Adult parasites were collected from a single horse from a farm in São José dos Pinhais, PR, Brazil, and were identified. Genomic DNA was isolated from ten individual female adult parasites using a standardized procedure developed. Then, extraction from ten individual female was carried out by another DNA extraction method. DNA concentration from both methods were measured and compared. We obtained a good DNA quality with this standardized procedure. As a result of this analysis, we propose a modified phenol-chloroform method, which will contribute to assays that require DNA extraction from adult worms for genomic DNA sequences of cyathostomin, or species-specific identification. Tolliver, S.C., 2000. A practical method of identification of the North American cyathostomes (small strongyles) in equids in Kentucky.
A genetic transformation system for penaeid shrimp could provide a powerful technique for the imp... more A genetic transformation system for penaeid shrimp could provide a powerful technique for the improvement of different production traits of importance for a sustainable aquaculture. The development of a successful transformation system depends on the ability to efficiently introduce exogenous DNA into the target species. The ability of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide of the SV40 T antigen to facilitate nuclear import and transient gene expression is known from vertebrate systems and for the first time, is shown here to be efficient in a crustacean species, i.e. the shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti. Electroporation was used to introduce the pCMV-lacZ plasmid that contains the human cytomegalovirus promoter/enhancer (CMV) fused to the h-galactosidase (lacZ) coding region, into L. schmitti zygotes. Supercoiled DNA was used at 50 or 500 ng/Al naked or bound to NLS peptide. The hatching rate of electroporated zygotes was around 60% for all groups, except from the pCMV-lacZ:NLS group at 500 ng/Al (43%). Based on Southern blot analyses of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products the gene transfer frequency was 2-fold higher using DNA:NLS complexes than with naked DNA (23.8% vs. 11.5%, with 50 ng/Al of plasmid DNA, 44.3% vs. 28.8% with 500 ng/Al). The h-galactosidase activity assay indicated that nuclear uptake is faster for the DNA:NLS complexes than for naked DNA. The h-galactosidase activity was always higher in the DNA:NLS groups than in the naked DNA groups. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of an NLS peptide to improve gene transfer and nuclear uptake in crustaceans.
Background Food allergy has emerged as a signi cant medical problem in the last decades. Probioti... more Background Food allergy has emerged as a signi cant medical problem in the last decades. Probiotics' effects on food allergies have brought contradictory results. The present study aimed to assess the probiotic's results in cytokines related to food allergy through meta-analysis. Methods Science Direct and Scopus search engines were searched for relevant studies published from 2008 to 2019 without language exclusion. Some experiments were selected from articles evaluating the effect of probiotics on food allergy through pre-clinical studies, with the results published in peer-reviewed journals, with any dispersion measure. Cytokines values were selected as outcomes. We used metaregression to study the probiotic effect in each cytokine and the in uence of some experimental design factors. Results We obtained a total of 13 studies that met the criteria for the meta-analysis. Probiotics download the regulation of IL-4 and IgE and the upload regulation in IL-6 and TGF-β compared to controls. Lactobacillus is a species that helps in the restoration of IL-4 levels. Animal age, probiotic concentration, and microorganism specie affect the probiotic effect in INF-γ. Conclusion The meta-analysis evidenced, in pre-clinical studies, the effects of probiotics on cytokines related to food allergy.
Resumen: Dentro de la corriente filosófica del realismo especulativo se puede apreciar una fuerte... more Resumen: Dentro de la corriente filosófica del realismo especulativo se puede apreciar una fuerte influencia de la filosofía islámica, en cuanto a conceptos desarrollados en ella. En el caso del filósofo Graham Harman con la conceptualización del término causación vicaria llega a elaborar una teoría causal, que tiene sus referentes en la teoría de la causalidad del pensamiento teológico-filosófico islámico, abarcando tanto al ocasionalismo âsh'arî como al 'irfân o mística islámica.
Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science, Dec 1, 2015
Ward et al. 1997). Dentro de estas técnicas, McMaster es la más popular universalmente (Bosco 201... more Ward et al. 1997). Dentro de estas técnicas, McMaster es la más popular universalmente (Bosco 2014) y más recientemente, el Mini-FLOTAC (Rinaldi 2014). El examen postmorten (necropsia) en los
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