Integrated circuits, flat panel displays, solar panels, architectural glass, high resolution came... more Integrated circuits, flat panel displays, solar panels, architectural glass, high resolution camera and many other products are landmarks of the 21 st century. All of these different everyday objects have one thing in common-they are manufactured using plasma processing techniques. The aim of this paper is to introduce this silent hero of modern industry, to a broader audience. An evaluation is made of common types of power converters within the scope of plasma processing applications, while the key requirements and future challenges for such power supplies are discussed. INDEX TERMS Plasma applications, plasma materials processing, power conversion, power electronics.
MARCH 2020 ■ IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE 95 I n the previous issue of IEEE Industrial El... more MARCH 2020 ■ IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE 95 I n the previous issue of IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, we began telling a successful story about the activity of young professionals and students (YPS) in our Society. In this issue, we would like to finish it and include some interesting ideas regarding how to cooperate more with the IEEE YPs, other IEEE operational and regional units, industry, academia, and local governments. We will also share fantastic information about the IEEE YP Hall of Fame Award that the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IES) won in 2019.
This paper focuses on two key technical concepts, which may have a tremendous impact on future ge... more This paper focuses on two key technical concepts, which may have a tremendous impact on future generations of power electronic converters: the Power Electronic Building Block (PEBB) concept, and the 5G/6G wireless data transfer. It is expected that these two trends may induce development of new cognitive of power electronic converters: Power Electronics 4.0. To investigate this concept, a Proof of Concept (PoC) of PEBB-based power converter integrated with a 5G network, was designed and tested. Study confirmed that power converter assembled from PEBB modules can compete with state-of-the-art devices. Moreover, test results indicates that several challenges related to PEBB and integration of power electronic equipment with 5G network has to be resolved, to enable growth of augmented power electronic converters, especially if wireless data transfer is meant for communication between PEBB modules.
The paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-bo... more The paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-board battery chargers: (1) Si-based cost-effective case, and (2) SiC-bidirectional ready for vehicle to grid concept case. All circuits are modular, and in both cases the DC/DC converter can be replaced according to the end user requirements (the coupled transformer remains the same and is constructed based on 12xC100 cores to avoid additional choke). In the case of single active bridge, an active RCD snubber is proposed to protect against overvoltage above 1kV in the DC_2 circuit. The dual active bridge is equipped with soft-star modulation using a zero vector to reduce in-rush current in case of no-load operation, while the AC/DC grid connected converter remains bidirectional to assure the highest power quality at the point of common coupling. All tests were made with real second-used batteries, which improves environmental, economic and technical feasibility of such systems for prosume...
This paper presents a control method for a four-leg three-level flying capacitor converter (FCC) ... more This paper presents a control method for a four-leg three-level flying capacitor converter (FCC) operating as a shunt active power filter (SAPF), based on model predictive control with finite number of control states (FS-MPC). Current control and capacitor voltage balancing are described. Influence of the mismatch of the inductive filter model parameters on the current control precision is analysed. Results are supported by the experimental waveforms obtained with a 10kVA set-up.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences, 2016
This paper introduces a fuzzy logic (FL) based decision support system (DSS) for a three-phase bi... more This paper introduces a fuzzy logic (FL) based decision support system (DSS) for a three-phase bidirectional AC-DC grid converter, working in a modern grid-like smart grid or smart industry. It is assumed that the appliances connected to that grid interact as in the Internet of Things (IoT) or like in the Internet of Everything (IoE) i.e. with a human being located in the chain of data flow. A power electronics AC-DC converter, operating as a shunt active power filter (SAPF) is selected for the case study. A harmonics reduction algorithm is presented as an implementation sample of the DSS. The operation of the SAPF is described and analysed. Experimental results showing the tuning process and operation of the laboratory model are also presented and discussed. Finally, it is shown that the DSS is an elegant and intuitive interface, which can simplify a human’s or machine’s decision-making process. Thanks to the DSS, the meaning of transferred data is translated into linguistic variab...
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences, 2016
Continuous development of intelligent network applications drives the demand for deployment-ready... more Continuous development of intelligent network applications drives the demand for deployment-ready hardware and software solutions. Such solutions are highly valued not only by distributed producers of energy but by energy consumers as well. The use of intelligent network applications enables the development and improvement of the quality of services. It also increases self-sufficiency and efficiency. This paper describes an example of such device that allows for the control of a dual active bridge (DAB) converter and enables its remote control in real time over an IP-based network. The details of both hardware and software components of proposed implementation are provided. The DAB converter gives a possibility to control and manage the energy between two DC power systems with very different voltage levels. Not only information, but also the quality of energy, the direction of power flow, and energy storage systems can be easily controlled through an IP-based network and power elect...
Procesory zmiennoprzecinkowe serii TMS320F28xx w systemach sterowania przekształtników dla energetyki odnawialnej
Przeglad Elektrotechniczny
The paper presents complete solution of the laboratory setup for testing three-phase grid side AC... more The paper presents complete solution of the laboratory setup for testing three-phase grid side AC-DC converter, using floating point microcontroller TMS320F28335. Microcontrollers basic peripheral interfaces, used in power electronics, are described briefly. Overview of the laboratory setup and preliminary simulation and experimental results are given. The computation time was measured and optimized. Necessary computation margin was left for voltage dips, higher harmonics and active power feedforward modules. (Floating Point DSP TMS320F28xx in control systems for Renewable Energy Sources RES). Keywords: AC-DC converter, digital signal processor, energy quality, Renewable Energy Sources (RES)
Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering, 2013
In this paper the grid current higher harmonic compensation method for two level AC-DC converters... more In this paper the grid current higher harmonic compensation method for two level AC-DC converters in sustainable AC grid is described. The algorithm is based on Direct Power Control with Space Vector Modulator (DPC-SVM), which was extended by additional Higher Harmonics Compensation (HHC) module. The HHC block is composed of several resonant filters tuned to appropriate frequencies. Both, symmetrical and asymmetrical types of grid currents distortions are analyzed. Operation of the HHC module in stationary αβ coordinates and rotating dq coordinates is discussed. Selected waveforms illustrating operation of the developed algorithm are presented. It is shown that in dq coordinates asymmetrical voltage distortions needs additional effort for its compensation in comparison to symmetrical higher harmonics. The subject is important because in practice asymmetrical higher harmonics usually can appear when one phase nonlinear load is connected to the grid. Even within such conditions the gr...
2012 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2012
This paper shows an application of three-level Flying Capacitor Converter in an AC-DC-AC system i... more This paper shows an application of three-level Flying Capacitor Converter in an AC-DC-AC system interfacing a wind turbine. Modulation, Maximum Power Point Tracking issues are discussed. Experimental results are shown with conclusions. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono aplikację trójpoziomowego przekształtnika z kondensatorami o zmiennym potencjale w układzie AC-DC-AC w zastosowaniu do turbiny wiatrowej podłączonej do sieci energetycznej. Omówione zostało zagadnienie modulacji dla przekształtnika oraz śledzenia punktu mocy maksymalnej. Przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalne wraz z wnioskami. (Przekształtnik z kondensatorami o zmiennym potencjale w zastosowaniu do turbiny wiatrowej-zagadnienia modulacji i śledzenia punktu mocy maksymalnej).
In this article algorithm for minimizing negative impact of higher harmonics on proper operation ... more In this article algorithm for minimizing negative impact of higher harmonics on proper operation of PWM rectifi er is presented. Short overview of harmonics compensation methods is also given. Furthermore, Resonance Harmonic Compensator is widely described. Simulation results of compensation of harmonics are presented.
Integrated circuits, flat panel displays, solar panels, architectural glass, high resolution came... more Integrated circuits, flat panel displays, solar panels, architectural glass, high resolution camera and many other products are landmarks of the 21 st century. All of these different everyday objects have one thing in common-they are manufactured using plasma processing techniques. The aim of this paper is to introduce this silent hero of modern industry, to a broader audience. An evaluation is made of common types of power converters within the scope of plasma processing applications, while the key requirements and future challenges for such power supplies are discussed. INDEX TERMS Plasma applications, plasma materials processing, power conversion, power electronics.
MARCH 2020 ■ IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE 95 I n the previous issue of IEEE Industrial El... more MARCH 2020 ■ IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE 95 I n the previous issue of IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, we began telling a successful story about the activity of young professionals and students (YPS) in our Society. In this issue, we would like to finish it and include some interesting ideas regarding how to cooperate more with the IEEE YPs, other IEEE operational and regional units, industry, academia, and local governments. We will also share fantastic information about the IEEE YP Hall of Fame Award that the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IES) won in 2019.
This paper focuses on two key technical concepts, which may have a tremendous impact on future ge... more This paper focuses on two key technical concepts, which may have a tremendous impact on future generations of power electronic converters: the Power Electronic Building Block (PEBB) concept, and the 5G/6G wireless data transfer. It is expected that these two trends may induce development of new cognitive of power electronic converters: Power Electronics 4.0. To investigate this concept, a Proof of Concept (PoC) of PEBB-based power converter integrated with a 5G network, was designed and tested. Study confirmed that power converter assembled from PEBB modules can compete with state-of-the-art devices. Moreover, test results indicates that several challenges related to PEBB and integration of power electronic equipment with 5G network has to be resolved, to enable growth of augmented power electronic converters, especially if wireless data transfer is meant for communication between PEBB modules.
The paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-bo... more The paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-board battery chargers: (1) Si-based cost-effective case, and (2) SiC-bidirectional ready for vehicle to grid concept case. All circuits are modular, and in both cases the DC/DC converter can be replaced according to the end user requirements (the coupled transformer remains the same and is constructed based on 12xC100 cores to avoid additional choke). In the case of single active bridge, an active RCD snubber is proposed to protect against overvoltage above 1kV in the DC_2 circuit. The dual active bridge is equipped with soft-star modulation using a zero vector to reduce in-rush current in case of no-load operation, while the AC/DC grid connected converter remains bidirectional to assure the highest power quality at the point of common coupling. All tests were made with real second-used batteries, which improves environmental, economic and technical feasibility of such systems for prosume...
This paper presents a control method for a four-leg three-level flying capacitor converter (FCC) ... more This paper presents a control method for a four-leg three-level flying capacitor converter (FCC) operating as a shunt active power filter (SAPF), based on model predictive control with finite number of control states (FS-MPC). Current control and capacitor voltage balancing are described. Influence of the mismatch of the inductive filter model parameters on the current control precision is analysed. Results are supported by the experimental waveforms obtained with a 10kVA set-up.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences, 2016
This paper introduces a fuzzy logic (FL) based decision support system (DSS) for a three-phase bi... more This paper introduces a fuzzy logic (FL) based decision support system (DSS) for a three-phase bidirectional AC-DC grid converter, working in a modern grid-like smart grid or smart industry. It is assumed that the appliances connected to that grid interact as in the Internet of Things (IoT) or like in the Internet of Everything (IoE) i.e. with a human being located in the chain of data flow. A power electronics AC-DC converter, operating as a shunt active power filter (SAPF) is selected for the case study. A harmonics reduction algorithm is presented as an implementation sample of the DSS. The operation of the SAPF is described and analysed. Experimental results showing the tuning process and operation of the laboratory model are also presented and discussed. Finally, it is shown that the DSS is an elegant and intuitive interface, which can simplify a human’s or machine’s decision-making process. Thanks to the DSS, the meaning of transferred data is translated into linguistic variab...
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences, 2016
Continuous development of intelligent network applications drives the demand for deployment-ready... more Continuous development of intelligent network applications drives the demand for deployment-ready hardware and software solutions. Such solutions are highly valued not only by distributed producers of energy but by energy consumers as well. The use of intelligent network applications enables the development and improvement of the quality of services. It also increases self-sufficiency and efficiency. This paper describes an example of such device that allows for the control of a dual active bridge (DAB) converter and enables its remote control in real time over an IP-based network. The details of both hardware and software components of proposed implementation are provided. The DAB converter gives a possibility to control and manage the energy between two DC power systems with very different voltage levels. Not only information, but also the quality of energy, the direction of power flow, and energy storage systems can be easily controlled through an IP-based network and power elect...
Procesory zmiennoprzecinkowe serii TMS320F28xx w systemach sterowania przekształtników dla energetyki odnawialnej
Przeglad Elektrotechniczny
The paper presents complete solution of the laboratory setup for testing three-phase grid side AC... more The paper presents complete solution of the laboratory setup for testing three-phase grid side AC-DC converter, using floating point microcontroller TMS320F28335. Microcontrollers basic peripheral interfaces, used in power electronics, are described briefly. Overview of the laboratory setup and preliminary simulation and experimental results are given. The computation time was measured and optimized. Necessary computation margin was left for voltage dips, higher harmonics and active power feedforward modules. (Floating Point DSP TMS320F28xx in control systems for Renewable Energy Sources RES). Keywords: AC-DC converter, digital signal processor, energy quality, Renewable Energy Sources (RES)
Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering, 2013
In this paper the grid current higher harmonic compensation method for two level AC-DC converters... more In this paper the grid current higher harmonic compensation method for two level AC-DC converters in sustainable AC grid is described. The algorithm is based on Direct Power Control with Space Vector Modulator (DPC-SVM), which was extended by additional Higher Harmonics Compensation (HHC) module. The HHC block is composed of several resonant filters tuned to appropriate frequencies. Both, symmetrical and asymmetrical types of grid currents distortions are analyzed. Operation of the HHC module in stationary αβ coordinates and rotating dq coordinates is discussed. Selected waveforms illustrating operation of the developed algorithm are presented. It is shown that in dq coordinates asymmetrical voltage distortions needs additional effort for its compensation in comparison to symmetrical higher harmonics. The subject is important because in practice asymmetrical higher harmonics usually can appear when one phase nonlinear load is connected to the grid. Even within such conditions the gr...
2012 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2012
This paper shows an application of three-level Flying Capacitor Converter in an AC-DC-AC system i... more This paper shows an application of three-level Flying Capacitor Converter in an AC-DC-AC system interfacing a wind turbine. Modulation, Maximum Power Point Tracking issues are discussed. Experimental results are shown with conclusions. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono aplikację trójpoziomowego przekształtnika z kondensatorami o zmiennym potencjale w układzie AC-DC-AC w zastosowaniu do turbiny wiatrowej podłączonej do sieci energetycznej. Omówione zostało zagadnienie modulacji dla przekształtnika oraz śledzenia punktu mocy maksymalnej. Przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentalne wraz z wnioskami. (Przekształtnik z kondensatorami o zmiennym potencjale w zastosowaniu do turbiny wiatrowej-zagadnienia modulacji i śledzenia punktu mocy maksymalnej).
In this article algorithm for minimizing negative impact of higher harmonics on proper operation ... more In this article algorithm for minimizing negative impact of higher harmonics on proper operation of PWM rectifi er is presented. Short overview of harmonics compensation methods is also given. Furthermore, Resonance Harmonic Compensator is widely described. Simulation results of compensation of harmonics are presented.
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