American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Jul 1, 1992
One hundred fourteen pre- and postplasma exchange (PE) serum protein electrophoretograms and seru... more One hundred fourteen pre- and postplasma exchange (PE) serum protein electrophoretograms and serum IgG, IgA, and IgM levels obtained during a 4-month period from 23 patients were evaluated. The interval between PE sessions varied from once daily to approximately once monthly. Typically, post-PE patterns had decreased alpha-1, decreased alpha-2, decreased beta, and decreased gamma fractions. The average percentage decreases of the immunoglobulins subsequent to PE were as follows: IgG, 52%; IgA, 55%; and IgM, 51%. There was a high linear correlation between the pre- and post-PE concentrations of IgG and IgA, whereas correlation of pre- and post-PE IgM concentrations was much lower. All IgG, IgA, and IgM levels (100%) returned to their respective reference intervals before subsequent PE when procedures were scheduled at least 2 weeks apart. When procedures occurred 1 week apart or less, only 1 IgG level (1%) returned to its reference interval, whereas 68 IgA (73%) and 74 IgM levels (80%) returned to their respective reference intervals. During this study, a faint monoclonal band was discovered in each of two patients. One had a normal baseline serum protein electrophoretogram before initiation of PE therapy, and the gammopathy was of uncertain significance. In the other patient, a vertebral plasmacytoma was discovered. It is concluded that PE reduces IgG, IgA, and IgM by approximately the same percentages; however, reference interval levels of IgA and IgM are restored more rapidly than IgG levels. Because monoclonal proteins may be present before or may appear during PE therapy, patients should be monitored by baseline and subsequent periodic serum protein electrophoresis.
In this study, waste olive cake (OC) was utilized as the raw material for the production of bioso... more In this study, waste olive cake (OC) was utilized as the raw material for the production of biosorbents by chemical treatment and its adsorption capacity for zinc ion was evaluated. Tests were conducted with the total biomass (T) and with the fraction > 2.00 mm (P), in order to determinate the influence of this fractionation step on subsequent treatments. Two chemical agents were used: sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. The parameters studied include physical and chemical properties of materials, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose and initial concentrations. The kinetic data were best fitted to the pseudosecond order model. Zinc binding is strongly pH dependent, with more zinc ions bound at a higher pH (5-7 in a range of 3-7). Both Langmuir and Freundlich models are well suited to fit the data on sorption of zinc by OC. Data on sorption of zinc by waste olive cake treated with sulfuric acid (OC-H) was better described by the Freundlich model. Zinc sorption by waste olive cake treated with sodium hydroxide (OC-OH) was better described by the Langmuir model. Results show OC-OH is a biosorbent with a superior adsorption capacity for zinc than OC-H. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir isotherms increases in the order (mg/g): OC-HT (14), OCT (22) and OC-OHT (27). Results also indicate that the previous fractionation step doesnt produce a biosorbent with a superior adsorption capacity.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Jul 1, 1992
One hundred fourteen pre- and postplasma exchange (PE) serum protein electrophoretograms and seru... more One hundred fourteen pre- and postplasma exchange (PE) serum protein electrophoretograms and serum IgG, IgA, and IgM levels obtained during a 4-month period from 23 patients were evaluated. The interval between PE sessions varied from once daily to approximately once monthly. Typically, post-PE patterns had decreased alpha-1, decreased alpha-2, decreased beta, and decreased gamma fractions. The average percentage decreases of the immunoglobulins subsequent to PE were as follows: IgG, 52%; IgA, 55%; and IgM, 51%. There was a high linear correlation between the pre- and post-PE concentrations of IgG and IgA, whereas correlation of pre- and post-PE IgM concentrations was much lower. All IgG, IgA, and IgM levels (100%) returned to their respective reference intervals before subsequent PE when procedures were scheduled at least 2 weeks apart. When procedures occurred 1 week apart or less, only 1 IgG level (1%) returned to its reference interval, whereas 68 IgA (73%) and 74 IgM levels (80%) returned to their respective reference intervals. During this study, a faint monoclonal band was discovered in each of two patients. One had a normal baseline serum protein electrophoretogram before initiation of PE therapy, and the gammopathy was of uncertain significance. In the other patient, a vertebral plasmacytoma was discovered. It is concluded that PE reduces IgG, IgA, and IgM by approximately the same percentages; however, reference interval levels of IgA and IgM are restored more rapidly than IgG levels. Because monoclonal proteins may be present before or may appear during PE therapy, patients should be monitored by baseline and subsequent periodic serum protein electrophoresis.
In this study, waste olive cake (OC) was utilized as the raw material for the production of bioso... more In this study, waste olive cake (OC) was utilized as the raw material for the production of biosorbents by chemical treatment and its adsorption capacity for zinc ion was evaluated. Tests were conducted with the total biomass (T) and with the fraction > 2.00 mm (P), in order to determinate the influence of this fractionation step on subsequent treatments. Two chemical agents were used: sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. The parameters studied include physical and chemical properties of materials, contact time, pH, adsorbent dose and initial concentrations. The kinetic data were best fitted to the pseudosecond order model. Zinc binding is strongly pH dependent, with more zinc ions bound at a higher pH (5-7 in a range of 3-7). Both Langmuir and Freundlich models are well suited to fit the data on sorption of zinc by OC. Data on sorption of zinc by waste olive cake treated with sulfuric acid (OC-H) was better described by the Freundlich model. Zinc sorption by waste olive cake treated with sodium hydroxide (OC-OH) was better described by the Langmuir model. Results show OC-OH is a biosorbent with a superior adsorption capacity for zinc than OC-H. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir isotherms increases in the order (mg/g): OC-HT (14), OCT (22) and OC-OHT (27). Results also indicate that the previous fractionation step doesnt produce a biosorbent with a superior adsorption capacity.
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