Porous silica materials made by low-temperature sol−gel process are promising host matrixes for e... more Porous silica materials made by low-temperature sol−gel process are promising host matrixes for encapsulation of biomolecules. To date, researchers have focused on sol−gel routes using alkoxides such as tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) for ...
Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal acces... more Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal access and utilization of the Internet. Already congestion is becoming a serious impediment to efficient utilization. We introduce a stochastic equilibrium concept for a general mathematical model of the Internet, and demonstrate that the efficient social welfare maximizing stochastic allocation of Internet traffic can be supported by optimal congestion prices. We further demonstrate that approximately optimal prices can be readily computed and implemented in a decentralized system by constructing a large computer simulation model. We also address the alternative of building excess capacity to avoid congestion.
Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal acces... more Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal access and utilization of the Internet. Already congestion is becoming a serious impediment to efficient utilization. We introduce a stochastic equilibrium concept for a general mathematical model of the Internet, and demonstrate that the efficient social welfare maximizing stochastic allocation of Internet traffic can be supported by optimal congestion prices. We further demonstrate that approximately optimal prices can be readily computed and implemented in a decentralized system by constructing a large computer simulation model. We also address the alternative of building excess capacity to avoid congestion.
ALOK GUPTA, DALE O. STAHL, AND ANDREW B. WHINSTON The Internet: A Future Tragedy of the Commons?*... more ALOK GUPTA, DALE O. STAHL, AND ANDREW B. WHINSTON The Internet: A Future Tragedy of the Commons?* ABSTRACT. ... The Internet: A Future Tragedy of the Commons? ...
The Internet is by far the fastest growing economy in the world in terms of the number of users a... more The Internet is by far the fastest growing economy in the world in terms of the number of users and information providers. Currently there are over 30 million users with an estimated 100% annual growth. As an economic system we can view the information providers, including entertainment, news, educational services, etc., as producers and the users as consumers. The Internet is already experiencing traffic jams and, given the growth rate of The Internet and the need to provide real time services in future, this will become a severe problem if proper coordinating mechanisms are not designed and implemented. We have developed a priority pricing mechanism based on General Equilibrium theory in economics, and we use a measure based on the collective benefits obtained by the users to evaluate the performance of the system. We have developed simulation model to test the validity of our approach and to show the gain in efficiency induced by pricing. We present some results with a non-priority pricing scheme and show substantial improvements versus a free access policy. Furthermore, we address the issues concerning the development of new accounting/billing methods, cross subsidization of services, infrastructure investment, development of smart agents for dynamic scheduling and users' job management, and the possible competitive market structures which will evolve over The Internet.
Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 1996
The operation of a networked computing system (NCS), such as the Internet, can be viewed as a res... more The operation of a networked computing system (NCS), such as the Internet, can be viewed as a resource allocation problem and can be analyzed using the techniques of mathematical economics. We define a general NCS and translate that set‐up into a model of an ...
Porous silica materials made by low-temperature sol−gel process are promising host matrixes for e... more Porous silica materials made by low-temperature sol−gel process are promising host matrixes for encapsulation of biomolecules. To date, researchers have focused on sol−gel routes using alkoxides such as tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) for ...
Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal acces... more Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal access and utilization of the Internet. Already congestion is becoming a serious impediment to efficient utilization. We introduce a stochastic equilibrium concept for a general mathematical model of the Internet, and demonstrate that the efficient social welfare maximizing stochastic allocation of Internet traffic can be supported by optimal congestion prices. We further demonstrate that approximately optimal prices can be readily computed and implemented in a decentralized system by constructing a large computer simulation model. We also address the alternative of building excess capacity to avoid congestion.
Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal acces... more Perhaps the greatest technological innovation of the next several decades will be universal access and utilization of the Internet. Already congestion is becoming a serious impediment to efficient utilization. We introduce a stochastic equilibrium concept for a general mathematical model of the Internet, and demonstrate that the efficient social welfare maximizing stochastic allocation of Internet traffic can be supported by optimal congestion prices. We further demonstrate that approximately optimal prices can be readily computed and implemented in a decentralized system by constructing a large computer simulation model. We also address the alternative of building excess capacity to avoid congestion.
ALOK GUPTA, DALE O. STAHL, AND ANDREW B. WHINSTON The Internet: A Future Tragedy of the Commons?*... more ALOK GUPTA, DALE O. STAHL, AND ANDREW B. WHINSTON The Internet: A Future Tragedy of the Commons?* ABSTRACT. ... The Internet: A Future Tragedy of the Commons? ...
The Internet is by far the fastest growing economy in the world in terms of the number of users a... more The Internet is by far the fastest growing economy in the world in terms of the number of users and information providers. Currently there are over 30 million users with an estimated 100% annual growth. As an economic system we can view the information providers, including entertainment, news, educational services, etc., as producers and the users as consumers. The Internet is already experiencing traffic jams and, given the growth rate of The Internet and the need to provide real time services in future, this will become a severe problem if proper coordinating mechanisms are not designed and implemented. We have developed a priority pricing mechanism based on General Equilibrium theory in economics, and we use a measure based on the collective benefits obtained by the users to evaluate the performance of the system. We have developed simulation model to test the validity of our approach and to show the gain in efficiency induced by pricing. We present some results with a non-priority pricing scheme and show substantial improvements versus a free access policy. Furthermore, we address the issues concerning the development of new accounting/billing methods, cross subsidization of services, infrastructure investment, development of smart agents for dynamic scheduling and users' job management, and the possible competitive market structures which will evolve over The Internet.
Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 1996
The operation of a networked computing system (NCS), such as the Internet, can be viewed as a res... more The operation of a networked computing system (NCS), such as the Internet, can be viewed as a resource allocation problem and can be analyzed using the techniques of mathematical economics. We define a general NCS and translate that set‐up into a model of an ...
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Papers by alok gupta