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. 2022 Oct 21:56:e20210515.
doi: 10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0515en. eCollection 2022.

Integrative and complementary practices to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women: a systematic review

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Melissa Santos Nassif  1 , Isabelle Cristinne Pinto Costa  1 , Patricia Mônica Ribeiro  1 , Caroline de Castro Moura  2 , Paloma Elisama de Oliveira  1
Affiliations

Integrative and complementary practices to control nausea and vomiting in pregnant women: a systematic review

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Melissa Santos Nassif et al. Rev Esc Enferm USP. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese, Spanish

Objective: to synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the effects of integrative and complementary practices in nausea and vomiting treatment in pregnant women.

Method: a systematic review, reported according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO. The search for studies was carried out in 11 databases. To assess risk of bias in randomized clinical trials, the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2) was used.

Results: the final sample consisted of 31 articles, divided into three categories: aromatherapy, phytotherapy and acupuncture. It was observed that aromatherapy with lemon essential oil, ginger capsules, pericardial 6 point acupressure were the interventions that proved to be effective. Less than half of studies reported adverse effects, with mild and transient symptoms predominating. Most articles were classified as "some concern" in risk of bias assessment.

Conclusion: the three most effective interventions to control gestational nausea and vomiting were aromatherapy, herbal medicine and acupuncture, with significant results in the assessment of individual studies.

Objetivo:: sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre os efeitos das práticas integrativas e complementares no tratamento de náusea e vômito em gestantes.

Método:: revisão sistemática, relatada conforme o PRISMA e registrada no PROSPERO. A busca pelos estudos foi realizada em 11 bases/bancos de dados. Para avaliação do risco de viés dos ensaios clínicos randomizados, utilizou-se a ferramenta Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2).

Resultados:: a amostra final foi composta por 31 artigos, divididos em três categorias: aromaterapia, fitoterapia e acupuntura. Observou-se que a aromaterapia com óleo essencial de limão, cápsulas de gengibre, acupressão no ponto pericárdio 6 foram as intervenções que se provaram eficazes. Menos da metade dos estudos relatou efeitos adversos, sendo que predominaram sintomas de leve intensidade e transitórios. A maioria dos artigos foi classificada como “alguma preocupação” na avaliação do risco de viés.

Conclusão: as três intervenções mais eficazes para controle de náusea e vômito gestacional foram aromaterapia, fitoterapia e acupuntura, com resultados significativos na avaliação dos estudos individuais.

Objetivo:: sintetizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre los efectos de las prácticas integradoras y complementarias en el tratamiento de náuseas y vómitos en gestantes.

Método:: revisión sistemática, reportada según PRISMA y registrada en PROSPERO. La búsqueda de estudios se realizó en 11 bases/bases de datos. Para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo en los ensayos clínicos aleatorios, se utilizó la herramienta Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2).

Resultados:: la muestra final estuvo compuesta por 31 artículos, divididos en tres categorías: aromaterapia, fitoterapia y acupuntura. Se observó que la aromaterapia con aceite esencial de limón, las cápsulas de jengibre, la acupresión en el punto 6 del pericardio fueron las intervenciones que demostraron ser efectivas. Menos de la mitad de los estudios reportaron efectos adversos, predominando los síntomas leves y transitorios. La mayoría de los artículos se clasificaron como “cierta preocupación” en la evaluación del riesgo de sesgo.

Conclusión:: las tres intervenciones más efectivas para controlar las náuseas y los vómitos gestacionales fueron la aromaterapia, la fitoterapia y la acupuntura, con resultados significativos en la evaluación de los estudios individuales.

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Figures

Chart 1
Chart 1. Search strategies used according to selected database – Alfenas, MG, Brazil, 2021.
Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA flowchart.
Chart 2
Chart 2. Synthesis of the main findings of studies included in the final sample (n = 31). Alfenas (MG), Brazil, 2021.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Risk of bias assessment, divided by domains, of the articles included in the systematic review.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Risk of bias assessment of articles included in the systematic review.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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