In the current study, nano-silica oxide (nano-SiO2) was fabricated via the sol-gel technique. The... more In the current study, nano-silica oxide (nano-SiO2) was fabricated via the sol-gel technique. Then, the prepared nano-SiO2 was characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Furthermore, the fabricated nano-SiO2 was applied for the adsorption of lead Pb (II) and chromium Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. Additionally, the influence of different operating factors such as contact time, nano-SiO2 dose, initial pH, initial metal ions concentration, and the temperature was investigated. The nano-SiO2 dosages of 0.5 and 1 g L-1 were selected as the optimal adsorbent dose for the removal of Pb (II) and Cr (VI), respectively. These doses achieved a removal efficiency of 83.29% and 78.65% for Pb (II) and Cr (VI), after 60 and 90 min, respectively, (at initial pH values of 7, using 10 mg L-1 initial meta...
Herewith, magnetic Zn MOF composite material was utilized as an efficient adsorbent for direct re... more Herewith, magnetic Zn MOF composite material was utilized as an efficient adsorbent for direct red 81 “DR81” dye from wastewater. The synthesized magnetic MOF was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermal gravimetrical analysis (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The adsorption profile of DR81 anionic dye onto the prepared magnetic MOF was investigated with various processing parameters such as contact time, dosage, and initial dye concentrations. The optimum dosage from the fabricated magnetic Zn MOF for decontamination of DR81 was 1.0 g l−1 at pH = 7 after 30 min. The maximum Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of the DR81 decontamination via the synthesized magnetic MOF was recorded 67.35 mg g−1. These promising data confirmed the availability of the synthesized magnetic MOF composite as an excellent...
As an eco-friendly material, Zn-adeninate bio-metal-organic framework (bio-MOF) was investigated ... more As an eco-friendly material, Zn-adeninate bio-metal-organic framework (bio-MOF) was investigated as an efficient adsorbent for both anionic and cationic dyes. The adsorption capability of the synthesized Zn-adeninate bio-MOF was confirmed by its notable surface area of 52.62 m2 g−1 and total pore volume of 0.183 cm3 g−1. The bio-MOF adsorption profiles of anionic direct red 81 (DR-81) and cationic methylene blue (MB) dyes were investigated under different operating parameters. The optimum dosages of Zn-adeninate bio-MOF were 0.5 g L−1 and 1 g L−1 for MB and DR-81 decolorization, respectively. The pHPZC of Zn-adeninate bio-MOF was 7.2, and maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 132.15 mg g–1 for MB, which decreased to 82.54 mg g–1 for DR-81 dye. Thermodynamic data indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the decolorization processes. Additionally, the adsorption processes were in agreement with the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The synthesized Zn-aden...
In this study, a cost-effective powdered Zn l-aspartic acid bio-metal organic framework (Zn l-Asp... more In this study, a cost-effective powdered Zn l-aspartic acid bio-metal organic framework (Zn l-Asp bio-MOF) was reported as an efficient adsorbent for Direct Red 81 (DR-81) as an anionic organic dye.
Lake Edku water-quality monitoring, analysis and management model for optimising drainage water t... more Lake Edku water-quality monitoring, analysis and management model for optimising drainage water treatment using a genetic algorithm
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2014
The present study was carried out to investigate three different adsorbents; dry cells of thebact... more The present study was carried out to investigate three different adsorbents; dry cells of thebacterium Exiguobacterium sp. 27, polyaniline and a mixture of both in different ratios for removal of Ni(II)from aqueous solution. The results showed that the adsorption of Ni(II) using dry cells of Exiguobacteriumsp. 27 was very fast and the equilibrium time was 15 min, while the equilibrium time for polyaniline was 120min. Finally, for a mixture of dry cells of Exiguobacterium sp. 27 and polyaniline, the equilibrium time was 40 min. Adsorption isotherm and kinetics were studied. The reaction of Exiguobacterium sp. 27 when exposed to Ni(II) solution was found to be pseudo-second order reaction and the reaction obeyed the Langmuir equation. Whereas, the reaction of polyaniline with Ni(II) solution was pseudo-second order reaction and the reaction obeyed Freundlich equation. The experimental studies showed that mixture of Exiguobacterium sp. 27 and PANI had better metal uptake than both Exig...
Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology, 2019
Four distinctive Ceramic membranes have been synthesized using bentonite and Egyptian clay with t... more Four distinctive Ceramic membranes have been synthesized using bentonite and Egyptian clay with the expansion of melamine. The addition of melamine (~ 1% by wt.) enhanced the porosity, density, the thermal stability and water permeability of the membranes made from bentonite or Egyptian clay while decreasing the chemical stability of either bentonite or Egyptian clay membranes. The most noteworthy level of decrease in COD (94.7%) is acquired for the concentration of 200ppm with saturating flux of 4.63 E-05 (m 3 /m 2 .s) utilizing (B+M) membrane. The cost of the four manufactured clay membranes was assessed based on raw materials used in the present investigation.
In this work, talc powder and peanut shells were investigated as potential adsorbents for the rem... more In this work, talc powder and peanut shells were investigated as potential adsorbents for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. The effect of important parameters, such as contact time, solution pH and adsorbent dosage were also evaluated for the adsorption process of chromium (IV). The experimental data showed that a contact time of 30 min for peanut shells and 70 min for talc powder and pH of 4 were optimum for the adsorption to reach equilibrium. Furthermore, FT-IR, SEM and BET measurements were made in order to assess the physicochemical properties of the substrates. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used to fit the equilibrium data, heat and energy of adsorption of both adsorbents. Determinations of the rate of adsorption using kinetic models follow pseudo-first order for peanut shells and talc powder with intraparticle diffusion.
ABSTRACT The proposed mathematical model is based on the two-phase theory of gas-solid fluidizati... more ABSTRACT The proposed mathematical model is based on the two-phase theory of gas-solid fluidization. The two-phase model, which considers the fluidized bed reactor, consists of bubble phase and emulsion phase has proved to be the suitable model in many of the past studies. The bed is divided into several sequential sections. The model considers the combined effects of particle growth and elutriation for size distributed pre-polymer feed. In this study a complete description of polyethylene fluidized bed reactor mathematical, with the whole variables definition and a simulation with actual operation conditions was done to compare between the calculated conversion and the actual conversion. A good agreement has been observed between the model predictions and the actual plant data. It has been shown that about 0.28 % difference between the calculated and actual conversion has been achieved.
International Journal of Industrial Chemistry, 2013
Investigations were carried out to compare the effectiveness of compounds such as sodium nitrite,... more Investigations were carried out to compare the effectiveness of compounds such as sodium nitrite, trisodium citrate (TSC) and TSC-zinc acetate to inhibit the corrosion of steel rebar in simulated concrete interstitial solution contaminated with chloride and to explain the mechanism of corrosion inhibition on reinforcing steel by these systems. Inhibition efficiency of these systems was studied by electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization and half cell potential measurements. Electronic spectral studies of simulated pore solution and FT-IR spectral investigations of the film deposited on steel surface were carried out for understanding the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Microscopic surface analysis was conducted to obtain the surface morphological behaviour of steel rebar. TSC alone was not exhibited good corrosion inhibition at very low and high concentrations according to electrochemical studies. However, in the presence of zinc acetate, corrosion protection efficiency of TSC increased appreciably. When comparing with sodium nitrite, TSC in the presence and absence of zinc acetate displayed good corrosion inhibition efficiency. Among a number of samples, TSC 100 ppm-zinc acetate 50 ppm combination showed maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency on steel rebar in simulated concrete interstitial solution.
Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2012
Natural gas plants demand high amount of energy provided through immense fuel gas units that may ... more Natural gas plants demand high amount of energy provided through immense fuel gas units that may suffer risk hazards. Implementing a safety management system is the most efficient way of allocating resources for safety. This paper adopts The Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) risk Management associated with Fuzzy Logic methodology to prevent or limit industrial accidents. We provide an innovative cascaded fuzzy-LOPA model for certain hazardous scenarios and at different frequencies of occurrence. The introduced model is tested at moderate and high risk levels controlled in its practical limits through the use of Safety Integrity Functions (SIF). Obtained results show how this fuzzy-LOPA achieves better results to maintain the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) rating to acceptable limits.
The decolorization of industrial wastewater containing direct dye (Drimarene Red CL-3B) by advanc... more The decolorization of industrial wastewater containing direct dye (Drimarene Red CL-3B) by advanced oxidation process using ozonation in a semi-batch bubble column reactor followed by granule activated carbon (GAC) adsorption process was studied. The effect of initial dye concentration, ozone concentration, pH and ozone-air flow rate on the rate of dye decolorization were investigated. It was found that the rate of dye decolorization increases with increasing ozone concentration, ozone-air flow rate, and pH but decreases with increasing initial dye concentration. This study is a hybrid system conducted in combination between ozonation process and GAC adsorption to reveal higher and efficient removal of color and TOC. The process started with ozonation for efficient and rapid decolorization of dyeing wastewater, followed by GAC adsorption process to gain efficient removal of color and TOC. The adsorption process was found to be very efficient in removal of ozonation residual TOC, in view of high TOC removal, up to 37% TOC removal was obtained. Numerical correlation using regression analysis for decolorization time with the operating conditions of the ozonation process were presented.
The present work explored the use of Egyptian rice straw, an agricultural waste that leads to glo... more The present work explored the use of Egyptian rice straw, an agricultural waste that leads to global warming problem through brown cloud, as a potential feedstock for the preparation of activated carbon. Chemical activation of this precursor using two different methods was adopted. The produced activated carbon was fully characterized considering its adsorption properties, as well as its chemical structure and morphology. Application of using the produced activated carbon and raw rice straw for removal of the Fe(III) was evaluated in a batch operation system. The results indicated that the rate of uptake of the Fe(III) is rapid in the beginning and 80% adsorption is completed within 50 min, and the time required for equilibrium adsorption is 60 min. The removal efficiency of Fe(III) depends on the pH of the solution. The optimal Fe(III) removal efficiency occurs at pH 5. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that the Freundlish isotherm provides a good model for the sorption system. The 1/n is lower than 1.0, indicating that Fe(III) is favorably adsorbed by activated carbon.
Boehmite was synthesized and characterized in order to study the adsorption behavior and possibil... more Boehmite was synthesized and characterized in order to study the adsorption behavior and possibility to remove naphthalene as one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from industrial waste water. The removal of naphthalene was investigated in terms of various parameters namely: pH, operating time, initial concentration of naphthalene and weight of adsorbent using batch technique. The data showed that the adsorption of naphthalene onto boehmite is not affected by changes in the pH. Adsorption data of naphthalene on the boehmite nanopowder were analyzed according to Freundlich, Langmuir adsorption and Redlich-Peterson models. The data were found to be best described by the Freundlich model. The kinetics of the adsorption was found to be fitted with a pseudo second order model. The negative values for free energy indicated that the spontaneous nature of the adsorption with a high performance of naphthalene for boehmite and also negative values of the enthalpies indicated that the process is exothermic. The study presented revealed that boehmite can be a promising adsorbent for the removal of PAHs such as naphthalene.
Kinetics and equilibrium experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of... more Kinetics and equilibrium experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of Cr (III) onto bohemite. Results show that boehmite can remove Cr (III) effectively from aqueous solution. The operating variables that have been studied were contact time, initial Cr (III) concentration, pH and adsorbent dose. Adsorption studies showed that the adsorption of Cr(III) onto boehmite is affected by changes in pH. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms can be used to describe the adsorption equilibria of Cr(III) onto boehmite. It was found that equilibrium adsorption data more fitted Freundlich isotherm than Langmuir model. The kinetics of the adsorption was found to be fitted with pseudo second order model. The results of multiple linear regressions conducted for the second order response surface model implied that the linear effects of pH, sorbent dosage and Cr (III) concentration are more significant factors.
Background: This paper studied the ability of using treated old newspaper (TNP) as synthetic adso... more Background: This paper studied the ability of using treated old newspaper (TNP) as synthetic adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions by batch operation. Various operating parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, and equilibrium contact time have been studied. Results: The results indicated that the adsorption of Cd(II) increased with the increasing pH, and the optimum solution pH for the adsorption of Cd(II) was found to be 6.4. Adsorption was rapid and occurred within 15 min for Cd(II) concentration range from 5 to 30 mg/L. The kinetic process of Cd(II) adsorption onto TNP was found to fit the pseudo-second-order model. The equilibrium adsorption data for Cd(II) were better fitted to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.
Nanofibers are a new class of material with unique features and a wide scope of uses. This resear... more Nanofibers are a new class of material with unique features and a wide scope of uses. This research article studies the preparation of a novel polymer nanofiber composite from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (10%) blended with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (2.5%) with different doses of Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 g). Four different samples of PEG0, PEG1, PEG2 and PEG3 were prepared (6.25,7.5, 8.75 and 10 total % (w/v) respectively and The morphology and the average diameter of the electro spun fibers were observed using Scanning-electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM analysis was used also to help in optimizing the PEG concentration and the electrospinning condition (needle-to-collector distance, voltage, and flow rate), that can be used for the preparation of nanofiber membrane composed of PVA/CMC/PEG. The results showed that the nanofiber morphology and diameters of the nanofibers (PEG1, PEG2 and PEG3) were enhanced and the beads disappeared with increasing the PEG concentrat...
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science, 2016
The aim of this research was to apply experimental design methodology to the optimisation of the ... more The aim of this research was to apply experimental design methodology to the optimisation of the photocatalytic degradation of red dye present in waste water. This paper reports the broad range of several photocatalyst composite efficiencies for photocatalytic degradation of red dye in waste water samples from textile industries. Three composites, which were graphitic carbon nitride (g-carbon nitride (C3N4))/zinc oxide (ZnO), g-carbon nitride/titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide nanoparticles, were prepared using different precursors (zinc chloride, zinc nitrate etc.). The catalysts were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The catalytic performance of different photocatalysts was tested using different variables such as dosage, stirring speed, composite structure and dye concentration. Two methods were used to optimise the operating conditions. The results indicate that the photocatalytic degradation of the red dye ...
Many industries such as textiles use dyes in order to colour their products. The presence of thes... more Many industries such as textiles use dyes in order to colour their products. The presence of these dyes in water even at very low concentration is highly visible and undesirable. Photo catalytic technique offers a good potential to remove colour from waste water. In the present paper g-C3N4 were synthesized by thermal decomposition of mylamine and characterized then employed for removal of methyl orange (MO) and ethylene blue (MB). The operating variables such as adsorbent dose, dye concentration, and pH were studied and the results showed that the optimal conditions for photo-degradation of MO were found to be 0.04 g/L catalyst at a solution pH 7 while the optimal conditions for photo degradation of MB were found to be 0.08 g/L catalyst at a solution pH 9. The kinetics of heterogeneous photo catalysis reactions was studied and the results indicated that found the reaction was found to follow pseudo-first order kinetics and Langmuir-Hinshelwood model described it well. The surface reaction rate constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption equilibrium constant for MO were found to be 10.537 (mg/L.min) and 0.004 L/mg. respectively and The surface reaction rate constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption equilibrium constant for MB were found to be k = 0.7756 (mg/L.min) and 0.0184 L/mg respectively.
In the current study, nano-silica oxide (nano-SiO2) was fabricated via the sol-gel technique. The... more In the current study, nano-silica oxide (nano-SiO2) was fabricated via the sol-gel technique. Then, the prepared nano-SiO2 was characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller. Furthermore, the fabricated nano-SiO2 was applied for the adsorption of lead Pb (II) and chromium Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. Additionally, the influence of different operating factors such as contact time, nano-SiO2 dose, initial pH, initial metal ions concentration, and the temperature was investigated. The nano-SiO2 dosages of 0.5 and 1 g L-1 were selected as the optimal adsorbent dose for the removal of Pb (II) and Cr (VI), respectively. These doses achieved a removal efficiency of 83.29% and 78.65% for Pb (II) and Cr (VI), after 60 and 90 min, respectively, (at initial pH values of 7, using 10 mg L-1 initial meta...
Herewith, magnetic Zn MOF composite material was utilized as an efficient adsorbent for direct re... more Herewith, magnetic Zn MOF composite material was utilized as an efficient adsorbent for direct red 81 “DR81” dye from wastewater. The synthesized magnetic MOF was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermal gravimetrical analysis (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The adsorption profile of DR81 anionic dye onto the prepared magnetic MOF was investigated with various processing parameters such as contact time, dosage, and initial dye concentrations. The optimum dosage from the fabricated magnetic Zn MOF for decontamination of DR81 was 1.0 g l−1 at pH = 7 after 30 min. The maximum Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of the DR81 decontamination via the synthesized magnetic MOF was recorded 67.35 mg g−1. These promising data confirmed the availability of the synthesized magnetic MOF composite as an excellent...
As an eco-friendly material, Zn-adeninate bio-metal-organic framework (bio-MOF) was investigated ... more As an eco-friendly material, Zn-adeninate bio-metal-organic framework (bio-MOF) was investigated as an efficient adsorbent for both anionic and cationic dyes. The adsorption capability of the synthesized Zn-adeninate bio-MOF was confirmed by its notable surface area of 52.62 m2 g−1 and total pore volume of 0.183 cm3 g−1. The bio-MOF adsorption profiles of anionic direct red 81 (DR-81) and cationic methylene blue (MB) dyes were investigated under different operating parameters. The optimum dosages of Zn-adeninate bio-MOF were 0.5 g L−1 and 1 g L−1 for MB and DR-81 decolorization, respectively. The pHPZC of Zn-adeninate bio-MOF was 7.2, and maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 132.15 mg g–1 for MB, which decreased to 82.54 mg g–1 for DR-81 dye. Thermodynamic data indicated the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the decolorization processes. Additionally, the adsorption processes were in agreement with the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The synthesized Zn-aden...
In this study, a cost-effective powdered Zn l-aspartic acid bio-metal organic framework (Zn l-Asp... more In this study, a cost-effective powdered Zn l-aspartic acid bio-metal organic framework (Zn l-Asp bio-MOF) was reported as an efficient adsorbent for Direct Red 81 (DR-81) as an anionic organic dye.
Lake Edku water-quality monitoring, analysis and management model for optimising drainage water t... more Lake Edku water-quality monitoring, analysis and management model for optimising drainage water treatment using a genetic algorithm
International Journal of Environmental Research, 2014
The present study was carried out to investigate three different adsorbents; dry cells of thebact... more The present study was carried out to investigate three different adsorbents; dry cells of thebacterium Exiguobacterium sp. 27, polyaniline and a mixture of both in different ratios for removal of Ni(II)from aqueous solution. The results showed that the adsorption of Ni(II) using dry cells of Exiguobacteriumsp. 27 was very fast and the equilibrium time was 15 min, while the equilibrium time for polyaniline was 120min. Finally, for a mixture of dry cells of Exiguobacterium sp. 27 and polyaniline, the equilibrium time was 40 min. Adsorption isotherm and kinetics were studied. The reaction of Exiguobacterium sp. 27 when exposed to Ni(II) solution was found to be pseudo-second order reaction and the reaction obeyed the Langmuir equation. Whereas, the reaction of polyaniline with Ni(II) solution was pseudo-second order reaction and the reaction obeyed Freundlich equation. The experimental studies showed that mixture of Exiguobacterium sp. 27 and PANI had better metal uptake than both Exig...
Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology, 2019
Four distinctive Ceramic membranes have been synthesized using bentonite and Egyptian clay with t... more Four distinctive Ceramic membranes have been synthesized using bentonite and Egyptian clay with the expansion of melamine. The addition of melamine (~ 1% by wt.) enhanced the porosity, density, the thermal stability and water permeability of the membranes made from bentonite or Egyptian clay while decreasing the chemical stability of either bentonite or Egyptian clay membranes. The most noteworthy level of decrease in COD (94.7%) is acquired for the concentration of 200ppm with saturating flux of 4.63 E-05 (m 3 /m 2 .s) utilizing (B+M) membrane. The cost of the four manufactured clay membranes was assessed based on raw materials used in the present investigation.
In this work, talc powder and peanut shells were investigated as potential adsorbents for the rem... more In this work, talc powder and peanut shells were investigated as potential adsorbents for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. The effect of important parameters, such as contact time, solution pH and adsorbent dosage were also evaluated for the adsorption process of chromium (IV). The experimental data showed that a contact time of 30 min for peanut shells and 70 min for talc powder and pH of 4 were optimum for the adsorption to reach equilibrium. Furthermore, FT-IR, SEM and BET measurements were made in order to assess the physicochemical properties of the substrates. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used to fit the equilibrium data, heat and energy of adsorption of both adsorbents. Determinations of the rate of adsorption using kinetic models follow pseudo-first order for peanut shells and talc powder with intraparticle diffusion.
ABSTRACT The proposed mathematical model is based on the two-phase theory of gas-solid fluidizati... more ABSTRACT The proposed mathematical model is based on the two-phase theory of gas-solid fluidization. The two-phase model, which considers the fluidized bed reactor, consists of bubble phase and emulsion phase has proved to be the suitable model in many of the past studies. The bed is divided into several sequential sections. The model considers the combined effects of particle growth and elutriation for size distributed pre-polymer feed. In this study a complete description of polyethylene fluidized bed reactor mathematical, with the whole variables definition and a simulation with actual operation conditions was done to compare between the calculated conversion and the actual conversion. A good agreement has been observed between the model predictions and the actual plant data. It has been shown that about 0.28 % difference between the calculated and actual conversion has been achieved.
International Journal of Industrial Chemistry, 2013
Investigations were carried out to compare the effectiveness of compounds such as sodium nitrite,... more Investigations were carried out to compare the effectiveness of compounds such as sodium nitrite, trisodium citrate (TSC) and TSC-zinc acetate to inhibit the corrosion of steel rebar in simulated concrete interstitial solution contaminated with chloride and to explain the mechanism of corrosion inhibition on reinforcing steel by these systems. Inhibition efficiency of these systems was studied by electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization and half cell potential measurements. Electronic spectral studies of simulated pore solution and FT-IR spectral investigations of the film deposited on steel surface were carried out for understanding the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. Microscopic surface analysis was conducted to obtain the surface morphological behaviour of steel rebar. TSC alone was not exhibited good corrosion inhibition at very low and high concentrations according to electrochemical studies. However, in the presence of zinc acetate, corrosion protection efficiency of TSC increased appreciably. When comparing with sodium nitrite, TSC in the presence and absence of zinc acetate displayed good corrosion inhibition efficiency. Among a number of samples, TSC 100 ppm-zinc acetate 50 ppm combination showed maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency on steel rebar in simulated concrete interstitial solution.
Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2012
Natural gas plants demand high amount of energy provided through immense fuel gas units that may ... more Natural gas plants demand high amount of energy provided through immense fuel gas units that may suffer risk hazards. Implementing a safety management system is the most efficient way of allocating resources for safety. This paper adopts The Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) risk Management associated with Fuzzy Logic methodology to prevent or limit industrial accidents. We provide an innovative cascaded fuzzy-LOPA model for certain hazardous scenarios and at different frequencies of occurrence. The introduced model is tested at moderate and high risk levels controlled in its practical limits through the use of Safety Integrity Functions (SIF). Obtained results show how this fuzzy-LOPA achieves better results to maintain the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) rating to acceptable limits.
The decolorization of industrial wastewater containing direct dye (Drimarene Red CL-3B) by advanc... more The decolorization of industrial wastewater containing direct dye (Drimarene Red CL-3B) by advanced oxidation process using ozonation in a semi-batch bubble column reactor followed by granule activated carbon (GAC) adsorption process was studied. The effect of initial dye concentration, ozone concentration, pH and ozone-air flow rate on the rate of dye decolorization were investigated. It was found that the rate of dye decolorization increases with increasing ozone concentration, ozone-air flow rate, and pH but decreases with increasing initial dye concentration. This study is a hybrid system conducted in combination between ozonation process and GAC adsorption to reveal higher and efficient removal of color and TOC. The process started with ozonation for efficient and rapid decolorization of dyeing wastewater, followed by GAC adsorption process to gain efficient removal of color and TOC. The adsorption process was found to be very efficient in removal of ozonation residual TOC, in view of high TOC removal, up to 37% TOC removal was obtained. Numerical correlation using regression analysis for decolorization time with the operating conditions of the ozonation process were presented.
The present work explored the use of Egyptian rice straw, an agricultural waste that leads to glo... more The present work explored the use of Egyptian rice straw, an agricultural waste that leads to global warming problem through brown cloud, as a potential feedstock for the preparation of activated carbon. Chemical activation of this precursor using two different methods was adopted. The produced activated carbon was fully characterized considering its adsorption properties, as well as its chemical structure and morphology. Application of using the produced activated carbon and raw rice straw for removal of the Fe(III) was evaluated in a batch operation system. The results indicated that the rate of uptake of the Fe(III) is rapid in the beginning and 80% adsorption is completed within 50 min, and the time required for equilibrium adsorption is 60 min. The removal efficiency of Fe(III) depends on the pH of the solution. The optimal Fe(III) removal efficiency occurs at pH 5. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that the Freundlish isotherm provides a good model for the sorption system. The 1/n is lower than 1.0, indicating that Fe(III) is favorably adsorbed by activated carbon.
Boehmite was synthesized and characterized in order to study the adsorption behavior and possibil... more Boehmite was synthesized and characterized in order to study the adsorption behavior and possibility to remove naphthalene as one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from industrial waste water. The removal of naphthalene was investigated in terms of various parameters namely: pH, operating time, initial concentration of naphthalene and weight of adsorbent using batch technique. The data showed that the adsorption of naphthalene onto boehmite is not affected by changes in the pH. Adsorption data of naphthalene on the boehmite nanopowder were analyzed according to Freundlich, Langmuir adsorption and Redlich-Peterson models. The data were found to be best described by the Freundlich model. The kinetics of the adsorption was found to be fitted with a pseudo second order model. The negative values for free energy indicated that the spontaneous nature of the adsorption with a high performance of naphthalene for boehmite and also negative values of the enthalpies indicated that the process is exothermic. The study presented revealed that boehmite can be a promising adsorbent for the removal of PAHs such as naphthalene.
Kinetics and equilibrium experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of... more Kinetics and equilibrium experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of Cr (III) onto bohemite. Results show that boehmite can remove Cr (III) effectively from aqueous solution. The operating variables that have been studied were contact time, initial Cr (III) concentration, pH and adsorbent dose. Adsorption studies showed that the adsorption of Cr(III) onto boehmite is affected by changes in pH. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms can be used to describe the adsorption equilibria of Cr(III) onto boehmite. It was found that equilibrium adsorption data more fitted Freundlich isotherm than Langmuir model. The kinetics of the adsorption was found to be fitted with pseudo second order model. The results of multiple linear regressions conducted for the second order response surface model implied that the linear effects of pH, sorbent dosage and Cr (III) concentration are more significant factors.
Background: This paper studied the ability of using treated old newspaper (TNP) as synthetic adso... more Background: This paper studied the ability of using treated old newspaper (TNP) as synthetic adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions by batch operation. Various operating parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, and equilibrium contact time have been studied. Results: The results indicated that the adsorption of Cd(II) increased with the increasing pH, and the optimum solution pH for the adsorption of Cd(II) was found to be 6.4. Adsorption was rapid and occurred within 15 min for Cd(II) concentration range from 5 to 30 mg/L. The kinetic process of Cd(II) adsorption onto TNP was found to fit the pseudo-second-order model. The equilibrium adsorption data for Cd(II) were better fitted to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.
Nanofibers are a new class of material with unique features and a wide scope of uses. This resear... more Nanofibers are a new class of material with unique features and a wide scope of uses. This research article studies the preparation of a novel polymer nanofiber composite from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (10%) blended with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (2.5%) with different doses of Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 g). Four different samples of PEG0, PEG1, PEG2 and PEG3 were prepared (6.25,7.5, 8.75 and 10 total % (w/v) respectively and The morphology and the average diameter of the electro spun fibers were observed using Scanning-electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM analysis was used also to help in optimizing the PEG concentration and the electrospinning condition (needle-to-collector distance, voltage, and flow rate), that can be used for the preparation of nanofiber membrane composed of PVA/CMC/PEG. The results showed that the nanofiber morphology and diameters of the nanofibers (PEG1, PEG2 and PEG3) were enhanced and the beads disappeared with increasing the PEG concentrat...
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science, 2016
The aim of this research was to apply experimental design methodology to the optimisation of the ... more The aim of this research was to apply experimental design methodology to the optimisation of the photocatalytic degradation of red dye present in waste water. This paper reports the broad range of several photocatalyst composite efficiencies for photocatalytic degradation of red dye in waste water samples from textile industries. Three composites, which were graphitic carbon nitride (g-carbon nitride (C3N4))/zinc oxide (ZnO), g-carbon nitride/titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide nanoparticles, were prepared using different precursors (zinc chloride, zinc nitrate etc.). The catalysts were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The catalytic performance of different photocatalysts was tested using different variables such as dosage, stirring speed, composite structure and dye concentration. Two methods were used to optimise the operating conditions. The results indicate that the photocatalytic degradation of the red dye ...
Many industries such as textiles use dyes in order to colour their products. The presence of thes... more Many industries such as textiles use dyes in order to colour their products. The presence of these dyes in water even at very low concentration is highly visible and undesirable. Photo catalytic technique offers a good potential to remove colour from waste water. In the present paper g-C3N4 were synthesized by thermal decomposition of mylamine and characterized then employed for removal of methyl orange (MO) and ethylene blue (MB). The operating variables such as adsorbent dose, dye concentration, and pH were studied and the results showed that the optimal conditions for photo-degradation of MO were found to be 0.04 g/L catalyst at a solution pH 7 while the optimal conditions for photo degradation of MB were found to be 0.08 g/L catalyst at a solution pH 9. The kinetics of heterogeneous photo catalysis reactions was studied and the results indicated that found the reaction was found to follow pseudo-first order kinetics and Langmuir-Hinshelwood model described it well. The surface reaction rate constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption equilibrium constant for MO were found to be 10.537 (mg/L.min) and 0.004 L/mg. respectively and The surface reaction rate constant and Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption equilibrium constant for MB were found to be k = 0.7756 (mg/L.min) and 0.0184 L/mg respectively.
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Papers by Mona Ossman