Universidade Católica de Moçambique

Instituto de Educação à Distância

TOPIC: Conditionals

Name: Victorina Mário Chimica

Student Code: 708232523

Course: Licenciatura em Ensino

da Língua Portuguesa
Subject: English Language
Level: 1st year
Class: F

Beira, September 2023

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Universidade Católica de Moçambique
Instituto de Educação à Distância

TOPIC: Conditionals

Name: Victorina Mário Chimica

Student Code: 708232523

Trabalho de campo a ser Submetido na

Coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura
em Ensino da Língua Portuguesa da
UCM

Tutor: dra. Nádia Mutambe

Beira, September 2023

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 Contents

Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1

Conditional ..................................................................................................................................... 2

Zero Conditional ............................................................................................................................ 2

First Conditional ............................................................................................................................ 2

Negatives & Questions .............................................................................................................. 3

Final notes on First Conditional ............................................................................................... 3

Second Conditional ........................................................................................................................ 4

Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 6

References....................................................................................................................................... 7

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Introduction

This English field work will be talking about the conditions in a grammar use because
teaching English conditionals has always been a difficult task for English teachers.
There’s no agreed-upon method of teaching English conditionals so far. Some teachers
teach conditional sentences and subjunctive mood side by side, some teachers teach
them separately, and teachers use different ways to classify conditional sentences.
During this field work I am going to explain how to use the conditionals in English
grammar in zero conditional, first and second conditional with the proper examples
within.

This English language field work has got introduction, the body or development,
conclusion and references,

The aim of this job is to learn about conditionals.

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Conditional

Conditional sentences have two parts or clauses that give a condition in the dependent
clause and a result in the independent clause. The condition clause usually contains an if
statement. There are several different forms of conditional sentences that allow the
writer to express various meanings using different tenses.

• Condition (if) clause + result clause

Zero Conditional

According to Oxford dictionary and grammar, the zero conditional uses the present
tense in both clauses and is used to talk about something that is always or generally true.
The present tense signifies that these actions are both possible and typical.

Form: If + simple present, simple present

Example 1: If it rains, I take an umbrella with me to work.

Example 2: If I wake up early, I always read in bed.

First Conditional

To explain about this topic we must understand that according to the English language
module from UCM page 90, it is clear that we use First Conditional to talk about
something that might happen in the future. A sentence in the First Conditional has 2
parts (a present verb, and a future verb). We combine these 2 parts using the word if.

So we can say that First Conditional sentences always have three things:

A verb in the present simple

A verb in the future

The word if

Example: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.

In this example rains is our present simple verb, and stay is our future verb. We also
have if, so this is a good First Conditional sentence.

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First Conditional sentences are about a possible future result or consequence of some
action or event.

In the example above the event or action is rain, and the result or consequence is stay at
home.

The first conditional uses the present tense in the if clause and the future tense in the
result clause. This form is used to talk about something that is a probable future result of
a condition.

Form: If + simple present, will + base verb

Example 1: If I see you later, I will say hello.

Example 2: If I don’t see you later, I won’t be able to say hello.

Negatives & Questions

First Conditional sentences can also use negative forms.

Present verbs become negative using don’t and doesn’t (remembering that the verb TO
BE is an exception).

Future verbs become negative using won’t (will not).

Example: If I don’t pass my exams, I won’t be happy.

If it rains, I won’t go to the beach.

If she doesn’t feel better, she will go to the hospital.

We can also make questions in the First Conditional.

Example: Will you go to the beach if it rains?

Will Lucia come to the party if she is feeling better?

Final notes on First Conditional

We sometimes get confused about which verb is Future, and which verb is Present. Just
remember - after if the next verb is always Present.

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Also, remember that in English the third person is different in the present tense. Don’t
forget to add –s, -es, or –ies at the end of the verb.

In the negative form third person uses doesn’t, not don’t.

Second Conditional

The second conditional uses the past tense in the if clause and a modal and base verb in
the result clause. This form is used to talk about a hypothetical situation that cannot
happen or is unlikely to happen.

Form: If + simple past, modal + base verb

Example 1: If I had a million dollars, I would buy a large vacation home.

Example 2: If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to study for the test.

The Second Conditional is also used to talk about the future but it expresses things that
are not likely, but they are still possible.

We also use Second Conditional to express wishes or desires.

Second Conditional has 2 parts (a past verb, and the word would + infinitive verb). We
combine these 2 parts using the word if.

So we can say that Second Conditional sentences always have three things:

A verb in the past simple

The word would + an infinitive verb (without TO)

The word if

Example: If I had fifty million meticais, I would buy a new motorbike.

In this example had is our past simple verb. We have would + buy, and we have if. So
this is a good Second Conditional sentence.

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In this sentence we don’t really feel or believe that we will have fifty million meticais in
the future, but it is not impossible. It is unlikely, so sometimes we say that Second
Conditional expresses unreal situations in the future.

Note that the condition and the result are not taking place in the past, but the past tense
is used to indicate the unreal nature of the situation.

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Conclusion

Summarizing about the conditionals I would like to explain that Sometimes we call
them 'if clauses'. They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present
or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the past). They are made using different
English verb tenses. The zero conditional is used when the result will always happen.
I'm talking in general, not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is
always the main clause. The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when'
without changing the meaning.

The first conditional uses the present tense in the if clause and the future tense in the
result clause. This form is used to talk about something that is a probable future result of
a condition while the second conditional uses the past tense in the if clause and a modal
and base verb in the result clause. This form is used to talk about a hypothetical
situation that cannot happen or is unlikely to happen.

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References

Farlex International. (2016). The Farlex grammar book: Complete English grammar
rules (Vol. 1).

Hewings, M. (2008). Advance Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press. Dubai.

294 p. Sara, B. and G. Mackie. (2007). Basic Grammar Expert. CTBS. China. 111 p.

Hewings, Martin. (2005). Advanced Grammar in Use. Dubai; Oriental Press

Murphy R and Smalzer, W (2002) Basic Grammar in Use 2nd edition United
Kingdom: Cambridge University Press

UCM - FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION; - (2006) First Year

English Course English Department

Vince, Michael. (2003). Elementary Language Practice. Malaysia; Macmillan