A chest tube is a valuable tool for the treatment of various pathologic conditions of the pleural... more A chest tube is a valuable tool for the treatment of various pathologic conditions of the pleural space. Also, chest tube performed as a planned procedure post surgery or as a life saving emergency procedure. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational program on nurses' knowledge related to care of patients with chest tube. A quasi-experimental design was used in the current study. The study was carried out on a convenient sample of 30 nurses working in intensive cardiothoracic unit, cardiothoracic care unit, and general surgical unit at Ismailia University Hospital. Data were obtained through; nurses , knowledge questionnaire. The educational program was designed based on an extensive revision of the related materials, recent medical textbooks, studies and literature. Results of this study indicated that 96.7% of studied nurses had statistically significant unsatisfactory level of knowledge pre program implementation. The statistically significant level of improvement in nurses' knowledge P<0.0001*** was very high immediately after the program implementation and there was decline in the studied nurses' total knowledge scores throughout the first follow-up and second fellow up after program implementation but it showed significant improvement than pretest(P=1.0, P<0.0001 respectively). The study concluded that there was statistically significant improvement immediately after program implementation and throughout the follow up phases regarding nurses' knowledge related to care of patients with chest tube. The study recommended that regular continuous educational program should be designed to give information about chest tube for enhancing and reinforcement of nurses' knowledge to achieve high quality care.
Background: Chest tube is a widely applied therapeutic postsurgical intervention in respiratory a... more Background: Chest tube is a widely applied therapeutic postsurgical intervention in respiratory and cardiothoracic care. Chest tube can be a life saving intervention for patients presenting with pneumothoraces, effusions and hemothoraces. It is however associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Aim of this study: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational program on nurses' practice related to care of patients with chest tube. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was used in the current study. The study was carried out on a convenient sample of 30 nurses working in intensive cardiothoracic unit, cardiothoracic care unit, and general surgical unit at Ismailia University Hospital. Data were obtained through; Nurses , chest tube performance observation checklist. The educational program was designed based on an extensive revision of the related materials, recent medical textbooks, studies and literature. Results: of this study indicated that all studied nurses (100.0%) had statistically significant unsatisfactory level of practice pre-program implementation. The statistically significant level of improvement in nurses' practice was very high immediately after the program implementation and there was decline in the studied nurses' total practice scores throughout the first follow-up and second follow up after program implementation but it showed significant improvement than pre-test (P<0.0001***, P=1.0, P=0.031* respectively). Conclusions: The study concluded that there was statistically significant improvement immediately after program implementation and throughout the follow up phases regarding nurses' practice related to care of patients with chest tube. Recommendations: The study recommended that regular continuous educational program should be designed to give information about chest tube for enhancing and reinforcement of nurses' practice to achieve high quality care.
Chest tube care is one of' the most important nursing procedures because patients who need chest ... more Chest tube care is one of' the most important nursing procedures because patients who need chest tubes are usually seriously ill and require advanced nursing care. Accordingly, vigilant and expert nursing care can prevent serious complications. The aim of the present study is to assess nurses' performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube. The study was a descriptive research design was used to conduct this study; a total number of 70 nurses were selected randomly using systematic sampling technique. Data were collected for a period of four months, using two tools: Tool (1) Questionnaire sheets to assess nurses, knowledge about care provided to patients undergoing chest tube. Tool (2): Observational checklist to assess the nurses' practice in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube. The results of the present study revealed that unsatisfactory level of performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube among nurses in the sample. There was significant relation between nurses, knowledge, practice and degree of qualification. Also there was no correlation between nurses, knowledge and practice .The study recommended that improve nurses, theoretical knowledge and clinical applications of chest tube care &continuous evaluation of nurse's knowledge and performance is essential to identify nurse's needs.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of MR sialography i... more Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of MR sialography in the examination of patients with salivary duct disease. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight patients (twenty males and eight females, average age, 47 years), with symptoms related to the salivary glands, underwent both conventional sialography and MR sialography. The latter was performed using heavily T2-weighted, two dimensional, fast spin-echo techniques and a neck coil. Contiguous 3-mm axial images with frequency-selective fat suppression were acquired through the symptomatic gland. The MR sialography findings were compared with the final diagnoses determined by conventional sialography, and with surgery in the case of those who underwent surgical intervention. Ultrasound examination was performed using 7.5 MHz transducer. Conventional sialography was performed with the use of 0.012-0.021 inch sialographic catheter and an injection of 0.3-1.5 ml Ultravist 300 mg/ml. Results: Final diagnosis included sialolithiasis in eleven cases, sialolithiasis and stenosis in four cases, stenosis without lithiasis in ten cases and normal salivary glands in three cases. (The normal cases were excluded from the study). Conclusion: It is concluded that MR sialography with a heavily T2-weighted sequence is highly successful in the noninvasive visualization of the ductal system of major salivary glands in cases that could not be examined by conventional sialogram. It is useful for diagnosing sialolithiasis and ductal stenosis. However, normal MR sialographic findings do not allow the exclusion of small calculi. Thus in patients with strong clinical suspicion of calculi and normal MR sialographic findings, conventional sialography should still be performed.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2014
Our purpose is to characterize MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings in pregnant pat... more Our purpose is to characterize MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings in pregnant patients who were identified clinically to have PRES. We study the conversion of reversible vasogenic edema to irreversible cytotoxic edema and predict the progression to infarction. Patients and methods: Twenty two pregnant females, aged between 20 and 46 years with gestational age between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation and with neurological manifestations had undergone conventional MRI, diffusion weighted image study, and ADC map. Results: Lesions were mainly affecting the parieto-occipital regions, symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical distribution of the lesions in both cerebral hemispheres was found in most cases. The MRI findings in all the twenty two patients were: abnormal low SI in T1 WI, abnormal high SI on T2 and FLAIR WI. In DWI, hyperintensity with hyperintensity in ADC map was seen in 15 patients, hyperintensity with hypointensity in ADC map in 4 patients, normotensive in DWI with hyperintensity in ADC map in 3 patients. The diagnosis of PRES has important therapeutic and prognostic value. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging and ADC maps allows an earlier and clearer differentiation of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema, which can predict the development of infarction.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2012
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the magnetic resonance imaging in diagn... more Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of endometriosis especially in non-apparent types as tubal and cul de sac endometriosis. 34 premenopausal women complaining of dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia and infertility and the diagnosis of endometriosis were included in the differential diagnosis. T1 weighted fat saturated and T2 weighted images were done for every patient, we evaluated the MR images for the presence of T1 bright signal suggesting endometriosis. Transvaginal US was performed in two perpendicular planes for the detection of focal areas with ill defined borders or abnormal echo texture. Suspicious cases which become negative by laparoscopy were excluded from the study. Results: MRI diagnosed endometriosis in the uterus in 18 patients, ovarian endometriosis in 13 patients, tubal in two patients, and cul de sac in one patient. Conclusion: It is concluded that MRI is superior in the diagnosis of endometriosis than transvaginal ultrasound.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of multislice computed tomography (MCT)... more Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of multislice computed tomography (MCT), Doppler US, and angiography in the diagnosis of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. Patients and methods: In a prospective study of 26 patients referred to Doppler ultrasound examination with suspected popliteal artery entrapment syndrome, we have made Doppler study of the popliteal artery of the diseased limb using 7-10 MHz probe. Additional multislice CT angiography after bolus injection of non-ionic contrast medium (Ultravist), axial transverse sections and multiplanar reformation reconstruction images were analyzed. Conventional angiography of the diseased limb was performed with the use of pigtail catheter and injection of 60 cc Ultravist. Results: On 22 of 26 patients, the Doppler study revealed damped flow, biphasic waves and a dramatic decrease in peak velocity. All these signs appeared in the Doppler study of popliteal artery while retaining normal flow and waves in distal tibial vessels. When 26 patients were examined, the conventional angiography revealed sudden attenuated and decreased caliber of popliteal artery with retained average caliber of the distal run-off vessels without showing the surrounding structures.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2014
Aim of work: To evaluate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in staging of W... more Aim of work: To evaluate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in staging of Wilms' tumor. Patients and methods: This prospective study was performed on 32 children (age range 4-8 years), having renal mass lesion, were studied with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Axial and multiplanar imaging were evaluated. All tumors were staged according to NWTS-4 classification. MDCT diagnosis was compared with surgical and pathohistological data. Results: All the cases were staged according to the fourth trial of the National Wilms' tumor Studies (NWTS-4). The 32 cases were found to have 36 tumors (4 cases were bilateral masses), 4 tumors were diagnosed as stage I, 9 tumors were diagnosed as stage II, 7 tumors as stage III, 8 tumors stage IV and 8 tumors were stage V. Conclusion: In conclusion, MDCT represents a reliable diagnostic method for evaluating Wilms' tumor and it is accurate and sensitive in diagnosing stages I, IV and V, but is not as accurate in the diagnosis of stages II and III and has poor correlation with histopathological data.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Purpose: This work aims at evaluating the role of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging ... more Purpose: This work aims at evaluating the role of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of the lesions affecting Achilles tendon of the ankle joint. Patients and methods: The study is a prospective study of 28 patients. Some of them are complaining of a posterior heel pain, stiffness & a limitation of movements, soft tissue thickness and swollen and ecchymotic ankle. Plain X-ray (anteroposterior and lateral views), ultrasound examination were performed for both ankles of all patients with the patients in a prone position, the Achilles tendon was examined from its musculotendinous junction to its calcaneal insertion in both longitudinal and transverse views. Finally, MRI was performed with the patients in supine position, the foot is dorsiflexed, axial and sagittal T1, T2-weighted images, STIR & proton density were done for all patients. Results: Out of 28 patients that were examined, the final diagnosis included; eight cases of tendinopathy (five cases peritendinosis, and three cases tendinosis), 16 cases of partial thickness tear (as compared to arthroscope), and four cases of full thickness tear. Conclusion: Ultrasound is an important complementary diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of lesions of Achilles tendon, it is as good as MRI in the diagnosis of tendinopathy and full thickness tear, however MRI is more superior in the diagnosis of partial thickness tear, and in the differentiation of the different types of tendinopathy.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Aim of the work: The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of subclinical atherosclero... more Aim of the work: The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease by means of assessment of carotid intima media thickness and endothelium dependent function through assessment of brachial artery flow mediated dilatation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods: Twenty six patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 20 healthy control subjects underwent measurement of brachial artery FMD and CIMT using B-mode gray scale US for evaluating cardiovascular risk. Results: The brachial artery FMD was -96.6-6.6% in rheumatoid arthritis (indicating ED), and 20-25% in the control group. The CIMT was 0.50-0.72 mm in rheumatoid arthritis and 0.35-0.47 mm in the control group. Conclusion: The results from the present study support the use of carotid US and endothelial function assessment by means of FMD as a useful tool to predict the increased risk of cardiovascular Abbreviations: RA, rheumatoid arthritis; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FMD, flow mediated dilatation; NO, nitric oxide; CIMT, carotid intima media thickness; ED, endothelial dysfunction. disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We suggest that the carotid artery US should be performed for all patients with rheumatoid arthritis to establish the risk of cardiovascular complication which requires more aggressive therapy.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2015
Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to determine the role of venous Doppler Ultrasonography ... more Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to determine the role of venous Doppler Ultrasonography for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in ''intrauterine growth restricted fetus'', providing the obstetrician with additional information about the time frame and significance of the IUGR to help determine the optimal time of delivery. Patients and methods: Sixty pregnant females with their age ranging between 28 and 35 years, gestational age between 27 and 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study. All patients in the study were subjected to Doppler examination of the umbilical vein (UV), Ductus venosus (DV), right hepatic vein (HV) and umbilical artery (UA). Results: Abnormal UA Doppler was found in 40 patients. Abnormal DV Doppler was found in 40 patients. Abnormal UV Doppler was found in 10 patients. Abnormal Rt. HV Doppler was found in 20 patients. All parameters studied were strongly related to perinatal mortality, however, none had 100% sensitivity, the pulsatility index in the Rt. HV and DV were the best single indices to use in the prediction of perinatal mortality. Conclusion: We observed that venous Doppler is superior to arterial Doppler in predicting poor perinatal outcome and that the abnormal equivocal BPP scoring significantly correlated with adverse outcome. We also, concluded that multi-vessel Doppler Ultrasonography and BPP can Abbreviations: UV, umbilical vein; DV, Ductus venosus; HV, hepatic vein; UA, umbilical artery; PI, pulsatility index; IUGR, intrauterine growth retardation; EDV, end diastolic velocity; RF, reversed flow; AEDF, absent end diastolic flow; REDF, reversed end diastolic flow; FGR, fetal growth restriction; A/R, absent or reversed flow; pH, power of hydrogen; BPP, biophysical profile effectively stratify IUGR fetuses with placental vascular insufficiency into risk categories. Fetal deterioration appears to be independently reflected in these two testing modalities; their combined use is likely to be complementary.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cau... more Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cause necrosis of tumors, before it has been known as a key regulator of some pleiotropic functions such as apoptosis, cell survival, inflammation, and immunity acting via two receptors (TNFR-1, TNFR-2). TNF-β or lymphotoxin (LT) has similar biologic effects as TNF-α; however it is produced in much smaller quantities and is a locally acting cytokine. This article discusses the biological function of TNF focusing on its role in cancer and autoimmune diseases via classical activation pathway of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB).
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cau... more Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cause necrosis of tumors, before it has been known as a key regulator of some pleiotropic functions such as apoptosis, cell survival, inflammation, and immunity acting via two receptors (TNFR-1, TNFR-2). TNF-β or lymphotoxin (LT) has similar biologic effects as TNF-α; however it is produced in much smaller quantities and is a locally acting cytokine. This article discusses the biological function of TNF focusing on its role in cancer and autoimmune diseases via classical activation pathway of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB).
Trace elements have a major role as both oxidants and antioxidants, promoting and protecting from... more Trace elements have a major role as both oxidants and antioxidants, promoting and protecting from tissue damage respectively. As the liver has a pivotal role in trace elements metabolism and consequenyly their bioavailability, we aimed to measure serum levels of essential trace elements in children with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) regardless the etiology and to study their correlation with liver function tests. Serum zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe); together with other trace elements parameters; were measured in 50 children with CLDs using spectrophotometry and their levels were compared with those age and sex matched healthy children as controls. Serum Cu, Fe, ferritin and transferrin saturation (TS) were significantly higher in the CLDs group than that in the control group; while serum Zn and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were significantly lower in the CLDs than that in the control group. Serum Fe, Cu, TS and ferritin were positively correlated with biochemical parameters of liver damage; while serum Zn and TIBC were negatively correlated with biochemical parameters of liver damage. These results encourage inclusion of serum Zn, Cu and Fe as biomarkers for monitoring the severity of liver damage during routine assessment of children with CLDs. We recommended caution to avoid excess Fe and Cu intake in children with CLDs. Moreover, Zn supplementation could be encouraged in children with CLDs regardless its etiology.
A chest tube is a valuable tool for the treatment of various pathologic conditions of the pleural... more A chest tube is a valuable tool for the treatment of various pathologic conditions of the pleural space. Also, chest tube performed as a planned procedure post surgery or as a life saving emergency procedure. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational program on nurses' knowledge related to care of patients with chest tube. A quasi-experimental design was used in the current study. The study was carried out on a convenient sample of 30 nurses working in intensive cardiothoracic unit, cardiothoracic care unit, and general surgical unit at Ismailia University Hospital. Data were obtained through; nurses , knowledge questionnaire. The educational program was designed based on an extensive revision of the related materials, recent medical textbooks, studies and literature. Results of this study indicated that 96.7% of studied nurses had statistically significant unsatisfactory level of knowledge pre program implementation. The statistically significant level of improvement in nurses' knowledge P<0.0001*** was very high immediately after the program implementation and there was decline in the studied nurses' total knowledge scores throughout the first follow-up and second fellow up after program implementation but it showed significant improvement than pretest(P=1.0, P<0.0001 respectively). The study concluded that there was statistically significant improvement immediately after program implementation and throughout the follow up phases regarding nurses' knowledge related to care of patients with chest tube. The study recommended that regular continuous educational program should be designed to give information about chest tube for enhancing and reinforcement of nurses' knowledge to achieve high quality care.
Background: Chest tube is a widely applied therapeutic postsurgical intervention in respiratory a... more Background: Chest tube is a widely applied therapeutic postsurgical intervention in respiratory and cardiothoracic care. Chest tube can be a life saving intervention for patients presenting with pneumothoraces, effusions and hemothoraces. It is however associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Aim of this study: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational program on nurses' practice related to care of patients with chest tube. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was used in the current study. The study was carried out on a convenient sample of 30 nurses working in intensive cardiothoracic unit, cardiothoracic care unit, and general surgical unit at Ismailia University Hospital. Data were obtained through; Nurses , chest tube performance observation checklist. The educational program was designed based on an extensive revision of the related materials, recent medical textbooks, studies and literature. Results: of this study indicated that all studied nurses (100.0%) had statistically significant unsatisfactory level of practice pre-program implementation. The statistically significant level of improvement in nurses' practice was very high immediately after the program implementation and there was decline in the studied nurses' total practice scores throughout the first follow-up and second follow up after program implementation but it showed significant improvement than pre-test (P<0.0001***, P=1.0, P=0.031* respectively). Conclusions: The study concluded that there was statistically significant improvement immediately after program implementation and throughout the follow up phases regarding nurses' practice related to care of patients with chest tube. Recommendations: The study recommended that regular continuous educational program should be designed to give information about chest tube for enhancing and reinforcement of nurses' practice to achieve high quality care.
Chest tube care is one of' the most important nursing procedures because patients who need chest ... more Chest tube care is one of' the most important nursing procedures because patients who need chest tubes are usually seriously ill and require advanced nursing care. Accordingly, vigilant and expert nursing care can prevent serious complications. The aim of the present study is to assess nurses' performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube. The study was a descriptive research design was used to conduct this study; a total number of 70 nurses were selected randomly using systematic sampling technique. Data were collected for a period of four months, using two tools: Tool (1) Questionnaire sheets to assess nurses, knowledge about care provided to patients undergoing chest tube. Tool (2): Observational checklist to assess the nurses' practice in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube. The results of the present study revealed that unsatisfactory level of performance in providing care to patients undergoing chest tube among nurses in the sample. There was significant relation between nurses, knowledge, practice and degree of qualification. Also there was no correlation between nurses, knowledge and practice .The study recommended that improve nurses, theoretical knowledge and clinical applications of chest tube care &continuous evaluation of nurse's knowledge and performance is essential to identify nurse's needs.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of MR sialography i... more Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of MR sialography in the examination of patients with salivary duct disease. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight patients (twenty males and eight females, average age, 47 years), with symptoms related to the salivary glands, underwent both conventional sialography and MR sialography. The latter was performed using heavily T2-weighted, two dimensional, fast spin-echo techniques and a neck coil. Contiguous 3-mm axial images with frequency-selective fat suppression were acquired through the symptomatic gland. The MR sialography findings were compared with the final diagnoses determined by conventional sialography, and with surgery in the case of those who underwent surgical intervention. Ultrasound examination was performed using 7.5 MHz transducer. Conventional sialography was performed with the use of 0.012-0.021 inch sialographic catheter and an injection of 0.3-1.5 ml Ultravist 300 mg/ml. Results: Final diagnosis included sialolithiasis in eleven cases, sialolithiasis and stenosis in four cases, stenosis without lithiasis in ten cases and normal salivary glands in three cases. (The normal cases were excluded from the study). Conclusion: It is concluded that MR sialography with a heavily T2-weighted sequence is highly successful in the noninvasive visualization of the ductal system of major salivary glands in cases that could not be examined by conventional sialogram. It is useful for diagnosing sialolithiasis and ductal stenosis. However, normal MR sialographic findings do not allow the exclusion of small calculi. Thus in patients with strong clinical suspicion of calculi and normal MR sialographic findings, conventional sialography should still be performed.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2014
Our purpose is to characterize MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings in pregnant pat... more Our purpose is to characterize MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings in pregnant patients who were identified clinically to have PRES. We study the conversion of reversible vasogenic edema to irreversible cytotoxic edema and predict the progression to infarction. Patients and methods: Twenty two pregnant females, aged between 20 and 46 years with gestational age between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation and with neurological manifestations had undergone conventional MRI, diffusion weighted image study, and ADC map. Results: Lesions were mainly affecting the parieto-occipital regions, symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical distribution of the lesions in both cerebral hemispheres was found in most cases. The MRI findings in all the twenty two patients were: abnormal low SI in T1 WI, abnormal high SI on T2 and FLAIR WI. In DWI, hyperintensity with hyperintensity in ADC map was seen in 15 patients, hyperintensity with hypointensity in ADC map in 4 patients, normotensive in DWI with hyperintensity in ADC map in 3 patients. The diagnosis of PRES has important therapeutic and prognostic value. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging and ADC maps allows an earlier and clearer differentiation of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema, which can predict the development of infarction.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2012
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the magnetic resonance imaging in diagn... more Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of endometriosis especially in non-apparent types as tubal and cul de sac endometriosis. 34 premenopausal women complaining of dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia and infertility and the diagnosis of endometriosis were included in the differential diagnosis. T1 weighted fat saturated and T2 weighted images were done for every patient, we evaluated the MR images for the presence of T1 bright signal suggesting endometriosis. Transvaginal US was performed in two perpendicular planes for the detection of focal areas with ill defined borders or abnormal echo texture. Suspicious cases which become negative by laparoscopy were excluded from the study. Results: MRI diagnosed endometriosis in the uterus in 18 patients, ovarian endometriosis in 13 patients, tubal in two patients, and cul de sac in one patient. Conclusion: It is concluded that MRI is superior in the diagnosis of endometriosis than transvaginal ultrasound.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of multislice computed tomography (MCT)... more Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of multislice computed tomography (MCT), Doppler US, and angiography in the diagnosis of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. Patients and methods: In a prospective study of 26 patients referred to Doppler ultrasound examination with suspected popliteal artery entrapment syndrome, we have made Doppler study of the popliteal artery of the diseased limb using 7-10 MHz probe. Additional multislice CT angiography after bolus injection of non-ionic contrast medium (Ultravist), axial transverse sections and multiplanar reformation reconstruction images were analyzed. Conventional angiography of the diseased limb was performed with the use of pigtail catheter and injection of 60 cc Ultravist. Results: On 22 of 26 patients, the Doppler study revealed damped flow, biphasic waves and a dramatic decrease in peak velocity. All these signs appeared in the Doppler study of popliteal artery while retaining normal flow and waves in distal tibial vessels. When 26 patients were examined, the conventional angiography revealed sudden attenuated and decreased caliber of popliteal artery with retained average caliber of the distal run-off vessels without showing the surrounding structures.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2014
Aim of work: To evaluate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in staging of W... more Aim of work: To evaluate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in staging of Wilms' tumor. Patients and methods: This prospective study was performed on 32 children (age range 4-8 years), having renal mass lesion, were studied with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Axial and multiplanar imaging were evaluated. All tumors were staged according to NWTS-4 classification. MDCT diagnosis was compared with surgical and pathohistological data. Results: All the cases were staged according to the fourth trial of the National Wilms' tumor Studies (NWTS-4). The 32 cases were found to have 36 tumors (4 cases were bilateral masses), 4 tumors were diagnosed as stage I, 9 tumors were diagnosed as stage II, 7 tumors as stage III, 8 tumors stage IV and 8 tumors were stage V. Conclusion: In conclusion, MDCT represents a reliable diagnostic method for evaluating Wilms' tumor and it is accurate and sensitive in diagnosing stages I, IV and V, but is not as accurate in the diagnosis of stages II and III and has poor correlation with histopathological data.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Purpose: This work aims at evaluating the role of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging ... more Purpose: This work aims at evaluating the role of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of the lesions affecting Achilles tendon of the ankle joint. Patients and methods: The study is a prospective study of 28 patients. Some of them are complaining of a posterior heel pain, stiffness & a limitation of movements, soft tissue thickness and swollen and ecchymotic ankle. Plain X-ray (anteroposterior and lateral views), ultrasound examination were performed for both ankles of all patients with the patients in a prone position, the Achilles tendon was examined from its musculotendinous junction to its calcaneal insertion in both longitudinal and transverse views. Finally, MRI was performed with the patients in supine position, the foot is dorsiflexed, axial and sagittal T1, T2-weighted images, STIR & proton density were done for all patients. Results: Out of 28 patients that were examined, the final diagnosis included; eight cases of tendinopathy (five cases peritendinosis, and three cases tendinosis), 16 cases of partial thickness tear (as compared to arthroscope), and four cases of full thickness tear. Conclusion: Ultrasound is an important complementary diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of lesions of Achilles tendon, it is as good as MRI in the diagnosis of tendinopathy and full thickness tear, however MRI is more superior in the diagnosis of partial thickness tear, and in the differentiation of the different types of tendinopathy.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2013
Aim of the work: The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of subclinical atherosclero... more Aim of the work: The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease by means of assessment of carotid intima media thickness and endothelium dependent function through assessment of brachial artery flow mediated dilatation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods: Twenty six patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 20 healthy control subjects underwent measurement of brachial artery FMD and CIMT using B-mode gray scale US for evaluating cardiovascular risk. Results: The brachial artery FMD was -96.6-6.6% in rheumatoid arthritis (indicating ED), and 20-25% in the control group. The CIMT was 0.50-0.72 mm in rheumatoid arthritis and 0.35-0.47 mm in the control group. Conclusion: The results from the present study support the use of carotid US and endothelial function assessment by means of FMD as a useful tool to predict the increased risk of cardiovascular Abbreviations: RA, rheumatoid arthritis; CVD, cardiovascular disease; FMD, flow mediated dilatation; NO, nitric oxide; CIMT, carotid intima media thickness; ED, endothelial dysfunction. disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We suggest that the carotid artery US should be performed for all patients with rheumatoid arthritis to establish the risk of cardiovascular complication which requires more aggressive therapy.
The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2015
Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to determine the role of venous Doppler Ultrasonography ... more Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to determine the role of venous Doppler Ultrasonography for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in ''intrauterine growth restricted fetus'', providing the obstetrician with additional information about the time frame and significance of the IUGR to help determine the optimal time of delivery. Patients and methods: Sixty pregnant females with their age ranging between 28 and 35 years, gestational age between 27 and 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled in the study. All patients in the study were subjected to Doppler examination of the umbilical vein (UV), Ductus venosus (DV), right hepatic vein (HV) and umbilical artery (UA). Results: Abnormal UA Doppler was found in 40 patients. Abnormal DV Doppler was found in 40 patients. Abnormal UV Doppler was found in 10 patients. Abnormal Rt. HV Doppler was found in 20 patients. All parameters studied were strongly related to perinatal mortality, however, none had 100% sensitivity, the pulsatility index in the Rt. HV and DV were the best single indices to use in the prediction of perinatal mortality. Conclusion: We observed that venous Doppler is superior to arterial Doppler in predicting poor perinatal outcome and that the abnormal equivocal BPP scoring significantly correlated with adverse outcome. We also, concluded that multi-vessel Doppler Ultrasonography and BPP can Abbreviations: UV, umbilical vein; DV, Ductus venosus; HV, hepatic vein; UA, umbilical artery; PI, pulsatility index; IUGR, intrauterine growth retardation; EDV, end diastolic velocity; RF, reversed flow; AEDF, absent end diastolic flow; REDF, reversed end diastolic flow; FGR, fetal growth restriction; A/R, absent or reversed flow; pH, power of hydrogen; BPP, biophysical profile effectively stratify IUGR fetuses with placental vascular insufficiency into risk categories. Fetal deterioration appears to be independently reflected in these two testing modalities; their combined use is likely to be complementary.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cau... more Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cause necrosis of tumors, before it has been known as a key regulator of some pleiotropic functions such as apoptosis, cell survival, inflammation, and immunity acting via two receptors (TNFR-1, TNFR-2). TNF-β or lymphotoxin (LT) has similar biologic effects as TNF-α; however it is produced in much smaller quantities and is a locally acting cytokine. This article discusses the biological function of TNF focusing on its role in cancer and autoimmune diseases via classical activation pathway of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB).
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cau... more Tumor necrosis factor (TNF or TNF-α) was formerly suggested as a circulating factor which can cause necrosis of tumors, before it has been known as a key regulator of some pleiotropic functions such as apoptosis, cell survival, inflammation, and immunity acting via two receptors (TNFR-1, TNFR-2). TNF-β or lymphotoxin (LT) has similar biologic effects as TNF-α; however it is produced in much smaller quantities and is a locally acting cytokine. This article discusses the biological function of TNF focusing on its role in cancer and autoimmune diseases via classical activation pathway of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB).
Trace elements have a major role as both oxidants and antioxidants, promoting and protecting from... more Trace elements have a major role as both oxidants and antioxidants, promoting and protecting from tissue damage respectively. As the liver has a pivotal role in trace elements metabolism and consequenyly their bioavailability, we aimed to measure serum levels of essential trace elements in children with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) regardless the etiology and to study their correlation with liver function tests. Serum zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe); together with other trace elements parameters; were measured in 50 children with CLDs using spectrophotometry and their levels were compared with those age and sex matched healthy children as controls. Serum Cu, Fe, ferritin and transferrin saturation (TS) were significantly higher in the CLDs group than that in the control group; while serum Zn and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were significantly lower in the CLDs than that in the control group. Serum Fe, Cu, TS and ferritin were positively correlated with biochemical parameters of liver damage; while serum Zn and TIBC were negatively correlated with biochemical parameters of liver damage. These results encourage inclusion of serum Zn, Cu and Fe as biomarkers for monitoring the severity of liver damage during routine assessment of children with CLDs. We recommended caution to avoid excess Fe and Cu intake in children with CLDs. Moreover, Zn supplementation could be encouraged in children with CLDs regardless its etiology.
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Papers by Noha Ibrahim