Denise Bortree

Pennsylvania State University, College of Communications, Faculty Member

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Boaz Ben-David

The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya

Natti Ronel

Bar-Ilan University

Debbie Haski-Leventhal

Macquarie Graduate School of Management

Sheridan Trent

University of Nebraska at Omaha

Adam Thurley

Stephanie Weddington

Lisa Scherer

University of Nebraska at Omaha

Kelly Prange

University of Nebraska at Omaha

Victoria Graeve-Cunningham

University of Nebraska at Omaha

Joseph A Allen

University of Utah

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Papers by Denise Bortree

The Value of Feeling Included: The Impact of Inclusion on Teen Volunteers' Organizational Satisfaction

Volunteerism has been linked to the development of teamwork, political-moral identities, and soci... more Volunteerism has been linked to the development of teamwork, political-moral identities, and social capital among teens. The challenges volunteer managers face include retaining teen volunteers and creating an environment that encourages developmental benefits. The study presented here measures the perceived inclusion that teens feel in Impact of Inclusion 2 their volunteer experiences and tests the impact of inclusion on organizational satisfaction. Results indicated that males experienced more inclusion than females, and teens who worked with adults experienced more inclusion than teens who worked with other teens. Inclusion was a strong predictor of satisfaction with the organization. The level of inclusion of teen volunteers has implications for continued volunteerism and for the realization of developmental benefits.

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Mediating the power of antecedents in public relationships: A pilot study

Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011

This study presents one of the first examinations of the influence of antecedents of relationship... more This study presents one of the first examinations of the influence of antecedents of relationships on the organization-public relationship. Results from a pilot study of adolescent volunteers suggest that reason for volunteering with a nonprofit organization was a significant predictor of volunteers' future intentions toward the organization. Two variables partially mediated the relationship between antecedents and future intended behavior, involvement and relationship quality. Findings suggest that while reasons for relationship initiation play a powerful role in the organization-public relationship, organizations can minimize the impact through relationship management.

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Advancing relationship management theory: Mapping the continuum of relationship types

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

Building on the literature of relationship management, this study explores the way organization t... more Building on the literature of relationship management, this study explores the way organization type influences the nature of the organization-public relationship. Three types of organization-public relationship were examined (nonprofit organization-volunteer, retailer-consumer, and political party-member) and which were mapped to continuum of relationships, ranging from communal to exploitive. Four dimensions of the relationship were examined: trust, control mutuality, satisfaction, and commitment. Surveys were completed by 313 respondents to measure their relationships with all three organizational types. Significant differences were detected between organizations which were deemed high, medium and low in communality. Results provide insight into the role that communality plays in levels of relationship quality in the organization-public relationship.

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Presentation of self on the Web: an ethnographic study of teenage girls’ weblogs

Education, Communication & Information, 2005

Through their use of weblogs, teenage girls are bridging their offline and online relationships. ... more Through their use of weblogs, teenage girls are bridging their offline and online relationships. As the girls use this medium to construct themselves and their relationships, they must address the dual nature of weblogs as a tool for interpersonal communication and mass communication. This study examines two aspects of teen girls’ blog use: (1) challenges and hazards of conducting interpersonal communication in a mass medium, and (2) self‐presentation strategies used to negotiate a dual audience. Methodology for the study included an ethnographic study of 40 weblogs, an in‐depth analysis of six weblogs and a set of 13 in‐depth interviews.

Dialogic strategies and outcomes: An analysis of environmental advocacy groups’ Facebook profiles

Public Relations Review, 2009

Previous studies of advocacy groups' Web sites suggest that the use of dialogic strategies could ... more Previous studies of advocacy groups' Web sites suggest that the use of dialogic strategies could lead to greater dialogic communication. This study examined whether dialogic strategies utilized by environmental advocacy groups via their social networking profiles lead to greater dialogic engagement between organizations and visitors. This study offers the first examination of the relationship between the creation of an online space for dialogue and actual dialogic engagement by identifying and measuring six dialogic outcomes.

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Exploring Adolescent–Organization Relationships: A Study of Effective Relationship Strategies with Adolescent Volunteers

Journal of Public Relations Research, 2010

This article reports on a study of the adolescent volunteer–nonprofit organization relationship. ... more This article reports on a study of the adolescent volunteer–nonprofit organization relationship. The study identified three key relationship maintenance strategies that influence an adolescent public: guidance, assurances, and shared tasks. In addition, it identified the relationship quality outcome of control mutuality as playing a key role in the adolescent volunteer–nonprofit relationship. Control mutuality was more influenced by maintenance strategies than any other outcome, and it asserted the most influence on other relationship quality outcomes (trust, commitment, and satisfaction). The study also found that the level of quality that teens experienced in their volunteer–organization relationship predicted their intention to volunteer in the future. Implications are discussed.

The state of environmental communication: A survey of PRSA members

Using data collected in a national survey of the professional group Public Relations Society of A... more Using data collected in a national survey of the professional group Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), this study examines the way that organizations are communicating about the environment. This baseline study reports on the most common environmental topics that corporations and government entities communicate about, the most common channels of communication used to deliver messages about the environment, the publics most often targeted with environmental messages, the level of transparency in organizations' environmental communication, and the level of environmental knowledge and attitude among public relations practitioners. The findings suggest a broad range of topics and channels being used for environmental communication. A strong link emerged between public relations practitioners' environmental knowledge, environmental attitudes, and the volume of communication being disseminated from their organizations. Too, as predicted by the study, organizations that were more environmentally transparent tended to engage in more environmental communication. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Building a better workplace for teen volunteers through inclusive behaviors

Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 2010

Facing a decline in the number of hours donated to nonprofit organizations, volunteer coordinator... more Facing a decline in the number of hours donated to nonprofit organizations, volunteer coordinators must strive to determine the most effective strategies for retaining volunteers. Relationship management theory provides a framework to gauge the well-being of an organization's relationship with its stakeholders. Through surveys administered to 317 teenage volunteers at three library systems, this study found that of four factors—trust, commitment, satisfaction, and control mutuality—trust had the strongest ability to predict intent to continue volunteering. Further analysis revealed that trust could be enhanced by including teenagers in work groups throughout the organization, seeking their input on organizational decisions, and ensuring they receive formal and informal organizational communications.

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The Effectiveness of Stratified Constructed Week Sampling for Content Analysis of Electronic News Source Archives: AP Newswire, Business Wire, and PR Newswire

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 2009

ABSTRACT This study extends the content analysis sampling literature through exploration of sampl... more ABSTRACT This study extends the content analysis sampling literature through exploration of sample size requirements for electronic news source archives. Significantly larger samples are required to achieve representativeness for AP Newswire, Business Wire, and PR Newswire than for more traditional sources of news content. When sampling press releases, constructing weeks on a quarterly basis provides more representative samples than constructing weeks on a full-year basis for some categories, particularly those tied to a fixed business cycle. The results support the idea that as information passes through more media gatekeepers, who limit and standardize content, the sample sizes required for content analysis diminish.

The impact of green initiatives on environmental legitimacy and admiration of the organization

Public Relations Review, 2009

Communication about environmental policies and practices has become a critical area of focus for ... more Communication about environmental policies and practices has become a critical area of focus for corporations. Through an online experiment this study explored the impact of awareness of environmental initiatives on perceived environmental legitimacy and the subsequent impact of legitimacy on organizational admiration. Findings suggest that raising awareness of an organization's environmental initiatives improves environmental legitimacy; however, investigation of the relationship between legitimacy and admiration found that only one dimension of environmental legitimacy influences the level of admiration of an organization.

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Call for Submissions: Public Relations and Nonprofit Organizations

Journal of Public Relations Research, 2012

Admiring the Organization: A Study of the Relational Quality Outcomes of the Nonprofit Organization-Volunteer Relationship

... Ferguson (1984, August). Building theory in public relations: Interorganizational relationshi... more

The Value of Feeling Included: The Impact of Inclusion on Teen Volunteers' Organizational Satisfaction

Download

Mediating the power of antecedents in public relationships: A pilot study

Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011

Download

Advancing relationship management theory: Mapping the continuum of relationship types

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

Download

Presentation of self on the Web: an ethnographic study of teenage girls’ weblogs

Education, Communication & Information, 2005

Dialogic strategies and outcomes: An analysis of environmental advocacy groups’ Facebook profiles

Public Relations Review, 2009

Download

Exploring Adolescent–Organization Relationships: A Study of Effective Relationship Strategies with Adolescent Volunteers

Journal of Public Relations Research, 2010

The state of environmental communication: A survey of PRSA members

Building a better workplace for teen volunteers through inclusive behaviors

Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 2010

Download

The Effectiveness of Stratified Constructed Week Sampling for Content Analysis of Electronic News Source Archives: AP Newswire, Business Wire, and PR Newswire

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 2009

The impact of green initiatives on environmental legitimacy and admiration of the organization

Public Relations Review, 2009

Download

Call for Submissions: Public Relations and Nonprofit Organizations

Journal of Public Relations Research, 2012

Admiring the Organization: A Study of the Relational Quality Outcomes of the Nonprofit Organization-Volunteer Relationship

... Ferguson (1984, August). Building theory in public relations: Interorganizational relationshi... more

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