As I did last year, below is a collection of some startup & personal learnings from 2025.

It’s rare to talk about cancer and use the word "elimination," but with cervical cancer, that’s exactly where we are. We have the tools to make this a disease of the past.

My dad sent me an article from Canoe Financial over the weekend that included the chart below. What it shows is that corporate equities and mutual fund shares now make up a greater percentage of household wealth in the US than residential real estate for only the second time since 1990. From a macro perspective, and when you consider the popularity of index funds, this means that American households probably have a lot of their wealth concentrated in high-growth tech stocks. And since these s...

Today is the wedding day, and the energy feels full in a quiet, meaningful way. I’m honored to be part of the wedding party—not just in title, but in presence. Being in India has already been grounding, and today brings that feeling into focus. I’m surrounded by culture, family, and moments that don’t ask to be rushed. Time with cousins I rarely see, conversations that pick up naturally, laughter that feels familiar even after years apart. The day feels rich, warm, and steady.

An essay that crosses comics, popular culture, and philosophy to reflect on what happens when a decision alters more than the past, and on what we fail to learn from it.

Engineering leads and Engineering Managers should definitely read Kaari Saarinen (CEO of Linear) X article entitled 'The disappearing middle of software work' as well as Addy Osmani's 'The Next Two Years of Software Engineering' Drama this week revolved around the unfortunate layoffs at Tailwind with the community rallying back with massively increased sponsorships as well as Anthropic tightening their rules which disallowed competing agentic harness such as Opencode as well as competitors su...

This week I’m reconsidering how to teach AI, and looking to a different sort of master to do it.

Welcome to the Tso Thoughts newsletter! Every month, I curate my best thoughts, ideas, and observations on crypto and the industry at large.

SummaryTrustless systems are infinite games—designed to run forever without capture. However, nearly every funding mechanism we have is intended for finite games: ventures with clear endpoints, exits, and returns. Venture capital needs liquidity within a decade. Token launches front-load extraction. Grants create dependency. The result: systems that start decentralized and drift toward concentration, or never decentralize at all. This essay argues the mismatch isn't incidental—it's structural...

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