Drafts by Bimal Gadal
With its unique geo-physical settings and socioeconomic conditions, Nepal is highly vulnerable to... more With its unique geo-physical settings and socioeconomic conditions, Nepal is highly vulnerable to natural disasters and climate risks. A combination of poverty, climate change, rapid urbanization and mountainous terrain makes Nepal highly prone to disasters. The 2014 flood and landslide in the Mid West and Sindhupalchowk followed by 25 th April and 12 th May 2015 devastating earthquake clearly indicate that flood, landslide and the earthquake are deadly threat because of the likelihood of massive loss of lives and infrastructures, particularly in densely populated area. History of systematic disaster risk reduction practices in Nepal goes back to 2009 when Government launched Nepal Risk Reduction Consortium and also launched the National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management in the same year. Nepal's efforts towards building resilient communities are grounded on five Flagship priorities in coordination and collaboration of humanitarian agencies, financial institutions and development partners. Flagship 4 under NRRC has identified nine minimum characteristics of resilient community targeting to reach 1000 VDCs in five years starting from 2009. The Natural Calamity (Relief) Act 1982, the Local Self Governance Act 1999, National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management 2009, Central Disaster Relief Committee, Local Disaster Risk Management Planning Guideline 2011, District Disaster Risk Management Planning Guideline, Disaster Preparedness and Response Plan in the District, National Disaster Response Framework, National Adaptation Program of Action, Local Adaptation Plan for Action and National Building Code 1993 are some of the key policy documents that Nepal has prepared so far towards its attempt in building resilient communities.
Papers by Bimal Gadal
Natural Disaster and Climate Change events are becoming increasing threat to erode human freedom,... more Natural Disaster and Climate Change events are becoming increasing threat to erode human freedom, limiting choices and undermining global efforts to combat poverty. Unsafe working conditions for agriculture work force and absence of appropriate policies and program to address occupational safety issues of agriculture and frorest sector labor force in developing countries put sectors at risk. Increased exposure to drought, more intense storms, floods and environmental stress is holding back the efforts of Thai Government and its people to build a better life for themselves and their children. In short, natural disaster and climate change would stall and reverse progress in human development, including cutting down extreme poverty, health, education and nutrition. Practicing unsafe working style is exacerbating the poverty. Key mechanisms through which natural disaster, climate change, and unsafe working condition could stall and then reverse human development through its impact in major economic sectors include agriculture, changing rainfall pattern, increased/decreased temperature and water availability for agriculture in vulnerable areas, rising sea levels and exposure to climate change, transforming ecological systems, food security, impacting the human health, and creating social unrest. This paper explores potential synergies between natural disaster, climate change adaptation and occupational safety in agriculture sector in Thailand. The paper provides options for policy amendments and policy changes, technology transfer and financing, research, capacity building, role clarification and strengthening cooperation and coordination among others.
Thesis Chapters by Bimal Gadal
Natural disasters can bring catastrophic impacts on economy, society, and environment. Damage to ... more Natural disasters can bring catastrophic impacts on economy, society, and environment. Damage to infrastructure impedes economic activity severely. Social impacts include loss of life, injury, ill health, homelessness and disruption of communities. Similarly, environmental impact ranges from the falling of trees, reshaping landscapes, and to the ground water pollution. In this paper, central focus of the analysis remains on undestanding the impact of Typhoon Ketsana on the micro and macro economy of Lao PDR. To explore this issue, I used an ECLAC methodology, which allowed me a more scientific basis for the data collection and its analysis to estimate the cost for damage, loss and need for recovery and reconstruction. The methodology provides a satisfactory framework to measure the impact of disaster by quantifying and qualifying data on pre- and post-disaster situation. Sectors covered in this study include the Social, Productive, and Infrastructure Sectors. From the study, it is revealed that Typhoon Ketsana devastated the country with the main impact on five southern provinces. The floodwaters swept away houses, crops, schools, hospitals, roads and bridges and caused wide-spread damage to irrigation schemes, aquaculture infrastructure and the riverbanks. It is reported that more than 180,000 people were affected and there were 28 storm-related deaths. It is concluded that the total economic impact for the damage and loss amounts to 58 million US$. The required sum to go back to pre-Ketsana levels amount to 51.9 million US$, of which 40 million US$ would be for the 3 most affected sectors; housing, agriculture and transport.
Key words: Post-Disaster Damage, Loss, and Need Assessment; Micro and Macro-Economy, Gross Domestic Product, Recovery, Reconstruction and Restoration, Balance of Payments, Fiscal Year, National Accounts
Uploads
Drafts by Bimal Gadal
Papers by Bimal Gadal
Thesis Chapters by Bimal Gadal
Key words: Post-Disaster Damage, Loss, and Need Assessment; Micro and Macro-Economy, Gross Domestic Product, Recovery, Reconstruction and Restoration, Balance of Payments, Fiscal Year, National Accounts
Key words: Post-Disaster Damage, Loss, and Need Assessment; Micro and Macro-Economy, Gross Domestic Product, Recovery, Reconstruction and Restoration, Balance of Payments, Fiscal Year, National Accounts