La presente invention concerne des polypeptides isoles a activite cellulolytique renforcee et des... more La presente invention concerne des polypeptides isoles a activite cellulolytique renforcee et des polynucleotides codant pour ceux-ci. L'invention concerne egalement des constructions d'acide nucleique, des vecteurs et des cellules hotes comprenant lesdits polynucleotides, ainsi que des procedes de production et d'utilisation desdits polypeptides.
Woodchip bioreactors are increasingly used to remove nitrate (NO3–) from agricultural drainage wa... more Woodchip bioreactors are increasingly used to remove nitrate (NO3–) from agricultural drainage water in order to protect aquatic ecosystems from excess nitrogen. Nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors is based on microbial processes, but the microbiomes and their role in bioreactor efficiency are generally poorly characterized. Using metagenomic analyses, we characterized the microbiomes from 3 full-scale bioreactors in Denmark, which had been operating for 4–7 years. The microbiomes were dominated by Proteobacteria and especially the genus Pseudomonas, which is consistent with heterotrophic denitrification as the main pathway of NO3– reduction. This was supported by functional gene analyses, showing the presence of the full suite of denitrification genes from NO3– reductases to nitrous oxide reductases. Genes encoding for dissimilatory NO3– reduction to ammonium were found only in minor proportions. In addition to NO3– reducers, the bioreactors harbored distinct functional groups,...
The present study was executed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) dietar... more The present study was executed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) dietary supplementation (at levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of MLM over and above of basal diet), on growth performance, giblet pack, serum biochemistry, and meat bioactive compound index. Two hundred day old broiler (Hubbard) chicks were assigned to four dietary treatment with five replicates of ten birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and means were compared with Duncan’s multiple range test (DMR). Data showed that feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased and lowest values were observed in MLM-1.5%. Dressing percentage and carcass weight were significantly increased and highest values were observed in the group MLM1.0%. Relative heart, gizzard and liver weights showed no difference among the groups. Breast meat and feed bioactive compounds β-carotene, Quercetin and Selenium showed a linear significant increase and highest values (0.18μg/1...
The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and isol... more The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.
Animals and higher plants express endogenous peptide antibiotics called defensins. These small cy... more Animals and higher plants express endogenous peptide antibiotics called defensins. These small cysteine-rich peptides are active against bacteria, fungi and viruses. Here we describe plectasin-the first defensin to be isolated from a fungus, the saprophytic ascomycete Pseudoplectania nigrella. Plectasin has primary, secondary and tertiary structures that closely resemble those of defensins found in spiders, scorpions, dragonflies and mussels. Recombinant plectasin was produced at a very high, and commercially viable, yield and purity. In vitro, the recombinant peptide was especially active against Streptococcus pneumoniae, including strains resistant to conventional antibiotics. Plectasin showed extremely low toxicity in mice, and cured them of experimental peritonitis and pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae as efficaciously as vancomycin and penicillin. These findings identify fungi as a novel source of antimicrobial defensins, and show the therapeutic potential of plectasin. They also suggest that the defensins of insects, molluscs and fungi arose from a common ancestral gene.
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are industrially important copper-dependent enzymes t... more Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are industrially important copper-dependent enzymes that oxidatively cleave polysaccharides. Here we present a functional and structural characterization of two closely related AA9-family LPMOs from Lentinus similis (LsAA9A) and Collariella virescens (CvAA9A). LsAA9A and CvAA9A cleave a range of polysaccharides, including cellulose, xyloglucan, mixed-linkage glucan and glucomannan. LsAA9A additionally cleaves isolated xylan substrates. The structures of CvAA9A and of LsAA9A bound to cellulosic and non-cellulosic oligosaccharides provide insight into the molecular determinants of their specificity. Spectroscopic measurements reveal differences in copper coordination upon the binding of xylan and glucans. LsAA9A activity is less sensitive to the reducing agent potential when cleaving xylan, suggesting that distinct catalytic mechanisms exist for xylan and glucan cleavage. Overall, these data show that AA9 LPMOs can display different apparent substrate specificities dependent upon both productive protein-carbohydrate interactions across a binding surface and also electronic considerations at the copper active site.
La presente invention concerne des polypeptides isoles a activite cellulolytique renforcee et des... more La presente invention concerne des polypeptides isoles a activite cellulolytique renforcee et des polynucleotides codant pour ceux-ci. L'invention concerne egalement des constructions d'acide nucleique, des vecteurs et des cellules hotes comprenant lesdits polynucleotides, ainsi que des procedes de production et d'utilisation desdits polypeptides.
Woodchip bioreactors are increasingly used to remove nitrate (NO3–) from agricultural drainage wa... more Woodchip bioreactors are increasingly used to remove nitrate (NO3–) from agricultural drainage water in order to protect aquatic ecosystems from excess nitrogen. Nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors is based on microbial processes, but the microbiomes and their role in bioreactor efficiency are generally poorly characterized. Using metagenomic analyses, we characterized the microbiomes from 3 full-scale bioreactors in Denmark, which had been operating for 4–7 years. The microbiomes were dominated by Proteobacteria and especially the genus Pseudomonas, which is consistent with heterotrophic denitrification as the main pathway of NO3– reduction. This was supported by functional gene analyses, showing the presence of the full suite of denitrification genes from NO3– reductases to nitrous oxide reductases. Genes encoding for dissimilatory NO3– reduction to ammonium were found only in minor proportions. In addition to NO3– reducers, the bioreactors harbored distinct functional groups,...
The present study was executed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) dietar... more The present study was executed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) dietary supplementation (at levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of MLM over and above of basal diet), on growth performance, giblet pack, serum biochemistry, and meat bioactive compound index. Two hundred day old broiler (Hubbard) chicks were assigned to four dietary treatment with five replicates of ten birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and means were compared with Duncan’s multiple range test (DMR). Data showed that feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased and lowest values were observed in MLM-1.5%. Dressing percentage and carcass weight were significantly increased and highest values were observed in the group MLM1.0%. Relative heart, gizzard and liver weights showed no difference among the groups. Breast meat and feed bioactive compounds β-carotene, Quercetin and Selenium showed a linear significant increase and highest values (0.18μg/1...
The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and isol... more The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.
Animals and higher plants express endogenous peptide antibiotics called defensins. These small cy... more Animals and higher plants express endogenous peptide antibiotics called defensins. These small cysteine-rich peptides are active against bacteria, fungi and viruses. Here we describe plectasin-the first defensin to be isolated from a fungus, the saprophytic ascomycete Pseudoplectania nigrella. Plectasin has primary, secondary and tertiary structures that closely resemble those of defensins found in spiders, scorpions, dragonflies and mussels. Recombinant plectasin was produced at a very high, and commercially viable, yield and purity. In vitro, the recombinant peptide was especially active against Streptococcus pneumoniae, including strains resistant to conventional antibiotics. Plectasin showed extremely low toxicity in mice, and cured them of experimental peritonitis and pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae as efficaciously as vancomycin and penicillin. These findings identify fungi as a novel source of antimicrobial defensins, and show the therapeutic potential of plectasin. They also suggest that the defensins of insects, molluscs and fungi arose from a common ancestral gene.
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are industrially important copper-dependent enzymes t... more Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are industrially important copper-dependent enzymes that oxidatively cleave polysaccharides. Here we present a functional and structural characterization of two closely related AA9-family LPMOs from Lentinus similis (LsAA9A) and Collariella virescens (CvAA9A). LsAA9A and CvAA9A cleave a range of polysaccharides, including cellulose, xyloglucan, mixed-linkage glucan and glucomannan. LsAA9A additionally cleaves isolated xylan substrates. The structures of CvAA9A and of LsAA9A bound to cellulosic and non-cellulosic oligosaccharides provide insight into the molecular determinants of their specificity. Spectroscopic measurements reveal differences in copper coordination upon the binding of xylan and glucans. LsAA9A activity is less sensitive to the reducing agent potential when cleaving xylan, suggesting that distinct catalytic mechanisms exist for xylan and glucan cleavage. Overall, these data show that AA9 LPMOs can display different apparent substrate specificities dependent upon both productive protein-carbohydrate interactions across a binding surface and also electronic considerations at the copper active site.
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Papers by Kirk Schnorr