ABSTRACT Network Mobility NEMO gives us network communication when whole network is on the move. ... more ABSTRACT Network Mobility NEMO gives us network communication when whole network is on the move. The need for mobile networks is addressed by NEMO Basic Support Protocol BSP proposed by IETF. Although, the proposed protocol gives us network mobility but there are some disadvantages in using NEMO BSP. These disadvantages include inefficiency in routing the data packets, delay and high latency rate. The latest research in NEMO is mainly focuses on providing solution for efficient routing of data packets. In general scenario of mobile network; a hierarchy is formed with the multiple mobile routers with their mobile nodes which are joined together in hierarchical way with a top level mobile router. The nesting of mobile network increases when new mobile routers join it. The inefficient routing becomes more vital if the nesting of mobile network is high. One feature of NEMO BSP is that the mobile network maintains location privacy for the mobile network nodes. Recent research for optimizing the route tries to solve the issue with a compromise made to location privacy of mobile network nodes. In this paper ROMIN Route Optimization in Mobile IPv6 NEMO we proposed a solution to solve inefficiency of routing with location privacy. The proposed solution is simulated in NS2 and achieves better throughput and less end to end delay as compared to NEMO BSP.
Total ozone column (TOC) obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura sa... more Total ozone column (TOC) obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura satellite was utilized to examine the spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric ozone over Pakistan and adjoining regions of Afghanistan, India, and Iran for October 2004 to March 2014. This region has not yet been evaluated in greater detail. A yearly spatial averaged value of 278 ± 2 DU was found over the region. A decadal increase of 1.3% in TOC value over study region was observed for the first time. Large spatial and temporal variability of TOC was found over the study region. Elevated ozone columns were observed over the regions with high NO2 and CO concentrations. Analysis indicated that Srinagar city has the highest averaged value of 290 ± 3 DU whereas Jodhpur city showed the highest increasing trend of 1.9% per decade. A monthly averaged maximum value of 289 ± 8 DU and a minimum of 264 ± 5 DU were found during April and November, respectively, over the region. January showed a d...
ABSTRACT This study presents major anthropogenic sources of carbon monoxide (CO) in Pakistan and ... more ABSTRACT This study presents major anthropogenic sources of carbon monoxide (CO) in Pakistan and discusses the spatio-temporal variability of tropospheric CO over Pakistan and neighboring regions of Afghanistan, India and Iran for a period from 2003 to 2012 using satellite-sensed (AIRS/AMSU) data. The results show a large spatio-temporal variability of CO over the study region mostly associated with anthropogenic activities such as crop residue burning, vehicular transport, and electricity and energy generation, and local meteorology. The annual mean value of tropospheric CO is observed to be 115 ± 2 ppbv that remains almost steady during the study period with decadal increase of only 2%. Due to more anthropogenic emissions of CO and its transport, the eastern zone shows a higher average value of 122 ± 2 ppbv with 2.7% decadal increase than the western zone (111 ± 3 ppbv with 1.4% decadal increase). Elevated concentrations of CO have been observed over the Indo-Gangetic Basin, Lahore, Karachi, and Delhi. During the study period large fluctuations in CO mean monthly values are found ranging from 99 ppbv to 131 ppbv. The fact that, in spite of a large increase in the CO emissions from 2003 to 2012, its average concentration remains almost stable indicates that a large scale regional transport contributes substantially to the tropospheric CO. Carbon monoxide concentrations exhibit a strong seasonal pattern with maximum amplitude in spring and minimum in autumn. July is found to have the highest decadal increasing trend of 13% followed by August at 8%, whereas May has the highest decreasing trend of 8% followed by November at 4.4%.
ABSTRACT It is well established that aerosols affect the climate in a variety of ways. In order t... more ABSTRACT It is well established that aerosols affect the climate in a variety of ways. In order to understand these effects, we require an insight into the properties of aerosols. In this paper we present a study of aerosol properties such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA) and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) over mega city of Lahore (Pakistan). The data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) have been used for the period December 2009 to October 2011. The seasonal average values of AOD, asymmetry parameter (ASY) and volume size distribution in coarse mode were observed to be highest in summer. On the other hand, the average values of Angstrom exponent (AE) and imaginary part of refractive index (RI) were found to be maximum in winter. The average value of real part of RI was found to be higher in spring than in all other seasons. The SSA exhibited an increasing trend with wavelength in the range 440 nm - 1020 nm in spring, summer and fall indicating the dominance of coarse particles (usually dust). However, a decreasing trend was found in winter in the range 675 nm - 1020 nm pointing towards the dominance of biomass and urban/industrial aerosols. As far as aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) is concerned, we have found that during the spring season ARF was lowest at the surface of Earth and highest at top of the atmosphere (TOA). This indicates that the atmosphere was warmer in spring than in all the remaining seasons.
2012 Fourth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, 2012
ABSTRACT Network Mobility (NEMO) is becoming an important requirement for today's and tom... more ABSTRACT Network Mobility (NEMO) is becoming an important requirement for today's and tomorrow's IP networks. NEMO can give us internet connectivity while on the move. NEMO Basic Support Protocol (BSP) has been proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in order to address the need of mobile networks. But NEMO BSP has some limitations like inefficient route, high latency during handoff and packet delay. Recent research on NEMO is mostly concentrated on addressing the issue of inefficient routing which is more critical in nested mobile networks. In a simple scenario multiple mobile networks join in a hierarchical way with multiple mobile routers and one Top Level Mobile Router. In nested mobile networks NEMO BSP also exhibits pinball routing problem. One of the features of NEMO BSP is that it maintains the location privacy of the mobile network node. Most of the schemes that propose route optimization compromise this feature of NEMO BSP as discussed in RFC 4889. To solve this we propose a scheme of route optimization with location privacy (ROLP) in nested mobile networks. Proposed scheme achieves better throughput, and reduction in End-to-End Delay as compared to NEMO BSP. We have simulated the proposed scheme in NS2. We calculated the confidence interval, throughput and End-to-End delay in NS2 simulations.
In this study we present an analysis of spatio-temporal variability of monthly averaged Vertical ... more In this study we present an analysis of spatio-temporal variability of monthly averaged Vertical Tropospheric Columns (VTCs) of NO 2 over Pakistan using OMI (ozone monitoring instrument) dataset from December 2004 to November 2008. The results have shown significant spatial and temporal variability of NO 2 column values over the study region. Four NO 2 hotspots and a high density corridor were identified within the study region. The main sources of NO 2 emissions in these areas were also investigated. During the study period, an average value of NO 2 was observed to be 1.102±0.081x10 15 molecules/cm 2 , with an increasing trend of 3.29% per year. Twin cities of Islamabad/Rawalpindi, Lahore, Dera Ghazi Khan and Karachi have shown positive trends of 44.10%, 23.48%, 31.40%, and 32.32% per year respectively. Karachi has shown the highest and the lowest mean monthly average values of 11.33x10 15 molecules/cm 2 and 0.98x10 15 molecules/cm 2 respectively. Air mass trajectories for hotspot regions have been used to track possible long-range transport of NO 2 .
The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the pa... more The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the past five years. Advances in coal-based power generation technology will continue to develop towards systems that have high efficiency, environmental superiority and lower or sustainable cost-of-electricity compared to current coal-based technology. Emerging power generation technologies that work toward these goals include integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC)
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2010
Irrigation Scheduling with Genetic Algorithms. [Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 13... more Irrigation Scheduling with Genetic Algorithms. [Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 136, 704 (2010)]. Zia Ul Haq, Arif A. Anwar. Abstract. A typical irrigation scheduling problem is one of preparing a schedule to service ...
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2008
A typical irrigation scheduling problem is one of preparing a schedule to service a group of outl... more A typical irrigation scheduling problem is one of preparing a schedule to service a group of outlets which may be serviced simultaneously. This problem has an analogy with the classical earliness/tardiness problem in operations research. In previously published work an ...
... Spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of iron (III) from iron polymaltose ... more ... Spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of iron (III) from iron polymaltose complex in pharmaceutical formulations. Hussain F, Arayne MS, Sultana N. Quality Control Department, Noa Hemis Pharmaceuticals, 154/23, Korangi Industrial Area, Karachi-74900 ...
Indian Journal of Biochemistry Biophysics, Jun 1, 2012
The effect of pre-sowing magnetic treatments was investigated on germination, growth and yield of... more The effect of pre-sowing magnetic treatments was investigated on germination, growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus cv. Sapz pari). The dry okra seeds were exposed to sinusoidal magnetic field induced by an electromagnet. The average magnetic field exposure was 99 mT for 3 and 11 min and seeds with no magnetic field treatment were considered as control. Both treated and non-treated seeds were sown in experimental plots (120 m 2 ) under similar conditions. Samples were collected at regular intervals for statistical analysis. A significant increase (P<0.05) was observed in germination percentage, number of flowers per plant, leaf area (cm 2 ), plant height (cm) at maturity, number of fruits per plant, pod mass per plant and number of seeds per plant. The 99 mT for 11 min exposure showed better results as compared to control.
Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology
This paper discusses the optimization of the cost function for task allocation and conflict resol... more This paper discusses the optimization of the cost function for task allocation and conflict resolution in robots in immune-based cooperative multi-robot search and rescue missions. In this research, robots respond to an emergency situation such as a bomb blast or an earthquake, approach the site, and assemble a structure out of parts collected from the debris in order to evacuate the injured people. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the cost function that determines the most suitable robot that can transport or help another robot to transport the part to an assembly location in order to build a structure. Further, a priority assignment method is suggested for different parts based on their order dependencies. Decision conflicts among the robots are also discussed and solutions to resolve them are provided. The developed scheme is verified through simulation of immune-based multi-robot cooperation.
... Marvin Duncan Barbara C. Lippiatt Zia Haq Michael Wang Roger K. Conway ... Barbara C. Lippiat... more ... Marvin Duncan Barbara C. Lippiatt Zia Haq Michael Wang Roger K. Conway ... Barbara C. Lippiatt is an Economist in the Commerce Department's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Zia Haq is a Senior Analyst in the US Department of Energy. ...
1996 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Information Intelligence and Systems (Cat. No.96CH35929), 1996
Page 1. APPLICABILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES S. Basheer Ahmed, ... more Page 1. APPLICABILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES S. Basheer Ahmed, Ph.D. Princeton Economic Research, Inc. Pace University INTRODUCTION Large central power plants ...
IEEE Students Conference, ISCON '02. Proceedings., 2002
... Page 2. Supporting Mobility on IP Nerwroks B. S. Cheema; H. A. Khan, K.Nadeem,.Z. U. Haq Ghul... more ... Page 2. Supporting Mobility on IP Nerwroks B. S. Cheema; H. A. Khan, K.Nadeem,.Z. U. Haq Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute bi la1 shahidohotmail .coin, ha1n~nad48~~,vahoo.coni.lia~iadeein~liotmail, zeesh&[email protected] ...
The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the pa... more The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the past five years. Advances in coal-based power generation technology will develop systems that have high efficiency, environmental superiority and lower cost of electricity compared to current coal-based technology. Advanced pressurized-fluidized-bed combustion (APFBC) is one `of the promising emerging power generation technologies striving to achieve these
The objectives of the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) are to develop advanced coal-fire... more The objectives of the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) are to develop advanced coal-fired power generation technologies through the testing and evaluation of hot gas cleanup systems and other major components at the pilot scale and to assess and demonstrate the performance of the components in an integrated mode of operation and at a component size easily scaled to commercial
ABSTRACT Network Mobility NEMO gives us network communication when whole network is on the move. ... more ABSTRACT Network Mobility NEMO gives us network communication when whole network is on the move. The need for mobile networks is addressed by NEMO Basic Support Protocol BSP proposed by IETF. Although, the proposed protocol gives us network mobility but there are some disadvantages in using NEMO BSP. These disadvantages include inefficiency in routing the data packets, delay and high latency rate. The latest research in NEMO is mainly focuses on providing solution for efficient routing of data packets. In general scenario of mobile network; a hierarchy is formed with the multiple mobile routers with their mobile nodes which are joined together in hierarchical way with a top level mobile router. The nesting of mobile network increases when new mobile routers join it. The inefficient routing becomes more vital if the nesting of mobile network is high. One feature of NEMO BSP is that the mobile network maintains location privacy for the mobile network nodes. Recent research for optimizing the route tries to solve the issue with a compromise made to location privacy of mobile network nodes. In this paper ROMIN Route Optimization in Mobile IPv6 NEMO we proposed a solution to solve inefficiency of routing with location privacy. The proposed solution is simulated in NS2 and achieves better throughput and less end to end delay as compared to NEMO BSP.
Total ozone column (TOC) obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura sa... more Total ozone column (TOC) obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura satellite was utilized to examine the spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric ozone over Pakistan and adjoining regions of Afghanistan, India, and Iran for October 2004 to March 2014. This region has not yet been evaluated in greater detail. A yearly spatial averaged value of 278 ± 2 DU was found over the region. A decadal increase of 1.3% in TOC value over study region was observed for the first time. Large spatial and temporal variability of TOC was found over the study region. Elevated ozone columns were observed over the regions with high NO2 and CO concentrations. Analysis indicated that Srinagar city has the highest averaged value of 290 ± 3 DU whereas Jodhpur city showed the highest increasing trend of 1.9% per decade. A monthly averaged maximum value of 289 ± 8 DU and a minimum of 264 ± 5 DU were found during April and November, respectively, over the region. January showed a d...
ABSTRACT This study presents major anthropogenic sources of carbon monoxide (CO) in Pakistan and ... more ABSTRACT This study presents major anthropogenic sources of carbon monoxide (CO) in Pakistan and discusses the spatio-temporal variability of tropospheric CO over Pakistan and neighboring regions of Afghanistan, India and Iran for a period from 2003 to 2012 using satellite-sensed (AIRS/AMSU) data. The results show a large spatio-temporal variability of CO over the study region mostly associated with anthropogenic activities such as crop residue burning, vehicular transport, and electricity and energy generation, and local meteorology. The annual mean value of tropospheric CO is observed to be 115 ± 2 ppbv that remains almost steady during the study period with decadal increase of only 2%. Due to more anthropogenic emissions of CO and its transport, the eastern zone shows a higher average value of 122 ± 2 ppbv with 2.7% decadal increase than the western zone (111 ± 3 ppbv with 1.4% decadal increase). Elevated concentrations of CO have been observed over the Indo-Gangetic Basin, Lahore, Karachi, and Delhi. During the study period large fluctuations in CO mean monthly values are found ranging from 99 ppbv to 131 ppbv. The fact that, in spite of a large increase in the CO emissions from 2003 to 2012, its average concentration remains almost stable indicates that a large scale regional transport contributes substantially to the tropospheric CO. Carbon monoxide concentrations exhibit a strong seasonal pattern with maximum amplitude in spring and minimum in autumn. July is found to have the highest decadal increasing trend of 13% followed by August at 8%, whereas May has the highest decreasing trend of 8% followed by November at 4.4%.
ABSTRACT It is well established that aerosols affect the climate in a variety of ways. In order t... more ABSTRACT It is well established that aerosols affect the climate in a variety of ways. In order to understand these effects, we require an insight into the properties of aerosols. In this paper we present a study of aerosol properties such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA) and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) over mega city of Lahore (Pakistan). The data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) have been used for the period December 2009 to October 2011. The seasonal average values of AOD, asymmetry parameter (ASY) and volume size distribution in coarse mode were observed to be highest in summer. On the other hand, the average values of Angstrom exponent (AE) and imaginary part of refractive index (RI) were found to be maximum in winter. The average value of real part of RI was found to be higher in spring than in all other seasons. The SSA exhibited an increasing trend with wavelength in the range 440 nm - 1020 nm in spring, summer and fall indicating the dominance of coarse particles (usually dust). However, a decreasing trend was found in winter in the range 675 nm - 1020 nm pointing towards the dominance of biomass and urban/industrial aerosols. As far as aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) is concerned, we have found that during the spring season ARF was lowest at the surface of Earth and highest at top of the atmosphere (TOA). This indicates that the atmosphere was warmer in spring than in all the remaining seasons.
2012 Fourth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, 2012
ABSTRACT Network Mobility (NEMO) is becoming an important requirement for today&#39;s and tom... more ABSTRACT Network Mobility (NEMO) is becoming an important requirement for today&#39;s and tomorrow&#39;s IP networks. NEMO can give us internet connectivity while on the move. NEMO Basic Support Protocol (BSP) has been proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in order to address the need of mobile networks. But NEMO BSP has some limitations like inefficient route, high latency during handoff and packet delay. Recent research on NEMO is mostly concentrated on addressing the issue of inefficient routing which is more critical in nested mobile networks. In a simple scenario multiple mobile networks join in a hierarchical way with multiple mobile routers and one Top Level Mobile Router. In nested mobile networks NEMO BSP also exhibits pinball routing problem. One of the features of NEMO BSP is that it maintains the location privacy of the mobile network node. Most of the schemes that propose route optimization compromise this feature of NEMO BSP as discussed in RFC 4889. To solve this we propose a scheme of route optimization with location privacy (ROLP) in nested mobile networks. Proposed scheme achieves better throughput, and reduction in End-to-End Delay as compared to NEMO BSP. We have simulated the proposed scheme in NS2. We calculated the confidence interval, throughput and End-to-End delay in NS2 simulations.
In this study we present an analysis of spatio-temporal variability of monthly averaged Vertical ... more In this study we present an analysis of spatio-temporal variability of monthly averaged Vertical Tropospheric Columns (VTCs) of NO 2 over Pakistan using OMI (ozone monitoring instrument) dataset from December 2004 to November 2008. The results have shown significant spatial and temporal variability of NO 2 column values over the study region. Four NO 2 hotspots and a high density corridor were identified within the study region. The main sources of NO 2 emissions in these areas were also investigated. During the study period, an average value of NO 2 was observed to be 1.102±0.081x10 15 molecules/cm 2 , with an increasing trend of 3.29% per year. Twin cities of Islamabad/Rawalpindi, Lahore, Dera Ghazi Khan and Karachi have shown positive trends of 44.10%, 23.48%, 31.40%, and 32.32% per year respectively. Karachi has shown the highest and the lowest mean monthly average values of 11.33x10 15 molecules/cm 2 and 0.98x10 15 molecules/cm 2 respectively. Air mass trajectories for hotspot regions have been used to track possible long-range transport of NO 2 .
The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the pa... more The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the past five years. Advances in coal-based power generation technology will continue to develop towards systems that have high efficiency, environmental superiority and lower or sustainable cost-of-electricity compared to current coal-based technology. Emerging power generation technologies that work toward these goals include integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC)
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2010
Irrigation Scheduling with Genetic Algorithms. [Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 13... more Irrigation Scheduling with Genetic Algorithms. [Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 136, 704 (2010)]. Zia Ul Haq, Arif A. Anwar. Abstract. A typical irrigation scheduling problem is one of preparing a schedule to service ...
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2008
A typical irrigation scheduling problem is one of preparing a schedule to service a group of outl... more A typical irrigation scheduling problem is one of preparing a schedule to service a group of outlets which may be serviced simultaneously. This problem has an analogy with the classical earliness/tardiness problem in operations research. In previously published work an ...
... Spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of iron (III) from iron polymaltose ... more ... Spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of iron (III) from iron polymaltose complex in pharmaceutical formulations. Hussain F, Arayne MS, Sultana N. Quality Control Department, Noa Hemis Pharmaceuticals, 154/23, Korangi Industrial Area, Karachi-74900 ...
Indian Journal of Biochemistry Biophysics, Jun 1, 2012
The effect of pre-sowing magnetic treatments was investigated on germination, growth and yield of... more The effect of pre-sowing magnetic treatments was investigated on germination, growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus cv. Sapz pari). The dry okra seeds were exposed to sinusoidal magnetic field induced by an electromagnet. The average magnetic field exposure was 99 mT for 3 and 11 min and seeds with no magnetic field treatment were considered as control. Both treated and non-treated seeds were sown in experimental plots (120 m 2 ) under similar conditions. Samples were collected at regular intervals for statistical analysis. A significant increase (P<0.05) was observed in germination percentage, number of flowers per plant, leaf area (cm 2 ), plant height (cm) at maturity, number of fruits per plant, pod mass per plant and number of seeds per plant. The 99 mT for 11 min exposure showed better results as compared to control.
Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology
This paper discusses the optimization of the cost function for task allocation and conflict resol... more This paper discusses the optimization of the cost function for task allocation and conflict resolution in robots in immune-based cooperative multi-robot search and rescue missions. In this research, robots respond to an emergency situation such as a bomb blast or an earthquake, approach the site, and assemble a structure out of parts collected from the debris in order to evacuate the injured people. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the cost function that determines the most suitable robot that can transport or help another robot to transport the part to an assembly location in order to build a structure. Further, a priority assignment method is suggested for different parts based on their order dependencies. Decision conflicts among the robots are also discussed and solutions to resolve them are provided. The developed scheme is verified through simulation of immune-based multi-robot cooperation.
... Marvin Duncan Barbara C. Lippiatt Zia Haq Michael Wang Roger K. Conway ... Barbara C. Lippiat... more ... Marvin Duncan Barbara C. Lippiatt Zia Haq Michael Wang Roger K. Conway ... Barbara C. Lippiatt is an Economist in the Commerce Department's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Zia Haq is a Senior Analyst in the US Department of Energy. ...
1996 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Information Intelligence and Systems (Cat. No.96CH35929), 1996
Page 1. APPLICABILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES S. Basheer Ahmed, ... more Page 1. APPLICABILITY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES S. Basheer Ahmed, Ph.D. Princeton Economic Research, Inc. Pace University INTRODUCTION Large central power plants ...
IEEE Students Conference, ISCON '02. Proceedings., 2002
... Page 2. Supporting Mobility on IP Nerwroks B. S. Cheema; H. A. Khan, K.Nadeem,.Z. U. Haq Ghul... more ... Page 2. Supporting Mobility on IP Nerwroks B. S. Cheema; H. A. Khan, K.Nadeem,.Z. U. Haq Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute bi la1 shahidohotmail .coin, ha1n~nad48~~,vahoo.coni.lia~iadeein~liotmail, zeesh&[email protected] ...
The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the pa... more The use of coal for power generation has come under increasing environmental scrutiny over the past five years. Advances in coal-based power generation technology will develop systems that have high efficiency, environmental superiority and lower cost of electricity compared to current coal-based technology. Advanced pressurized-fluidized-bed combustion (APFBC) is one `of the promising emerging power generation technologies striving to achieve these
The objectives of the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) are to develop advanced coal-fire... more The objectives of the Power Systems Development Facility (PSDF) are to develop advanced coal-fired power generation technologies through the testing and evaluation of hot gas cleanup systems and other major components at the pilot scale and to assess and demonstrate the performance of the components in an integrated mode of operation and at a component size easily scaled to commercial
Uploads
Papers by zia ul haq