Papers by Habu S A L E H Hamisu
Field experiment was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research farm, Zaria using parti... more Field experiment was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research farm, Zaria using partially balance lattice design with three replications from July to October, 2014 rainy season to screen tomato genotypes for heat tolerance under heat stress and to select the best heat tolerant genotype(s) as genetic material for a breeding program in Guinea Savanna ecology of Nigeria. The genotypes were evaluated for agronomic, physiological and heat tolerant traits. Statistical analysis software (SAS 9.1) was used for data analysis. There were highly significant (P≤ 0.01) differences among the genotypes for plant height, days to 50% flowering, number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit shape index, fruit yield per plant and percentage fruit set with similar trend for average fruit weight, leaf chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression and cell membrane thermostability indicating presence of considerable genetic variability in the studied genotypes, while non-significant differences among the genotypes for fruit diameter was observed. The fruit yield per plant and percentage fruit set ranged from 445.70 to 895.10g and 29.77 to 74.10%, respectively. The cell membrane thermostability revealed significant (P≤ 0.01) variation among the genotypes for electrolyte leakage at flowering stage, suggesting that flowering stage is possibly the optimum stage for selecting heat tolerant tomato. Based on the results from this study, the hybrids Icrixina × Tima,
Correlation and path coefficient analysis were estimated in 25 genotypes of tomato for sixteen tr... more Correlation and path coefficient analysis were estimated in 25 genotypes of tomato for sixteen traits. The genotypes were evaluated between July to October rainy season of 2014 using a partially balance lattice design with three replications. The results revealed that fruit yield per plant was significantly positively correlated at genotypic and phenotypic levels with number of clusters per plant, number of flowers per cluster and percentage fruit set and also had significant positive association with plant height, number of branches per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per clusters, number of fruits per plant and leaf chlorophyll content at genotypic level only. Percentage fruit set showed significant positive correlation with plant height, number of branches per plan, number of clusters per plant, number of flowers per clusters, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruit per plant and leaf chlorophyll content. Both fruit yield per plant and percentage fruit set exhibited significant negative relationship with days to 50% flowering, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter at the genotypic level. Suggesting that fruit yield per plant and percent fruit set under heat stress could be improved with selection for these traits, but with a reduction of days to flowering, fruit weight and fruit size. Path analysis showed that the number of clusters per plant, plant height, canopy temperature depression, number of branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, fruit length, number of fruits per cluster and number of flowers per cluster recorded high positive direct contribution effects on fruit yield per plant. Therefore, direct selection for these traits could improve fruit yield per plant under heat stress conditions.
The success of any crop improvement programme depends largely on the amount of genetic variabilit... more The success of any crop improvement programme depends largely on the amount of genetic variability present in the plant materials. This study was conducted to estimate Phenotypic and Genotypic Variance and Heritability Estimates for oil content and other agronomic traits in groundnut, a total of 25 genotypes were used in the study that were laid out in a 5 x 5 lattice design with three replications. The analysis of variance showed significant difference among the genotypes. The genetic variability as shown by the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variations (PCV), showed that the PCV was higher than GCV for all the studied traits. Portraying the importance of environment in the variation exhibited. Estimate of broad sense heritability were moderate to high for most traits except for seed size that recorded low values. This indicates that selection for traits with high heritability will lead to fast genetic improvement of a trait that is by increasing the frequency of favourable alleles by repeated mass selection or hybridization between selected genotypes.
World Journal of Agricultural Research, 2019
This study was conducted to investigate the gene effects, heritability, genetic advance and numbe... more This study was conducted to investigate the gene effects, heritability, genetic advance and number of effective factors controlling the inheritance of aphid and rosette resistance and other quantitative characters. Two aphid resistance, one rosette resistance, one aphid susceptible and one rosette susceptible lines were used as parents to develop F1s, F2s, BC1P1 and BC1P2. The seventeen generations obtained were evaluated along with three checks in three replications using randomized complete block design. The three parameter model was adequate to explain variations observed in the inheritance of days to fifty percent flowering, plant height, number of seeds per plant and shelling percentage. Non allelic interaction was significant with high narrow-sense heritability as obtained for rosette disease incidence, rosette severity index, number of matured pods per plant and net pod yield. It is possible to expect advance for these characters in further segregating generations. Wide range...
Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
Aims: Study on the evaluation of phytochemical and antimicrobial effects of tomato Solanum lycope... more Aims: Study on the evaluation of phytochemical and antimicrobial effects of tomato Solanum lycopersicum (L.) on oral thrush and human cariogenic pathogens was designed to determine the antimicrobial effect of tomato extracts, and to identify the common phytochemical constituents of tomato that may be inhibitory to oral pathogens. Place and Duration of Study: Fresh tomato fruit samples were collected from Samaru market, Zaria in the month of November and December 2015, and analyzed at Microbiology Laboratory, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology Zaria, Kaduna. Methodology: Cold maceration extraction using methanol and water was adopted. All the extracts were subjected to standard phytochemical qualitative screening for the presence or absence of various primary and secondary metabolites. Antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by agar-well diffusion technique. The antimicrobial susceptibility test of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) fruit extracts against selected bacterial (Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus subtilis) and yeast (Candida albicans) pathogens capable of causing oral thrush and dental caries was carried out. Ciprofloxacin and Econazole were used as positive controls. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) were determined in three concentrations; 100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml of each extract. Mean zone of inhibition was used to measure the antimicrobial potential of tomato fruit extracts against the test organisms. The microbial isolates were obtained from the and tannins are present in tomato fruit extract, but, anthraquinones and phlabotannins are absent in methanolic extract. While, the only phytochemical that was not detected in the aqueous extract is anthraquinones. Highest antibacterial activity was recorded on Bacillus subtilis at the concentrations of 100 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml for aqueous and methanolic extracts respectively. Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans showed resistance to the various extracts at various concentrations used. The MIC of 100mg/ml was recorded on Bacillus subtilis, whereas all other test organisms showed relative resistance to various concentrations of the extracts used. Conclusion: Tomato fruit contains phytochemicals that showed promising antimicrobial effect on oral thrush and cariogenic pathogens. The tomato extract recorded antimicrobial effect against Bacillus subtilis with MIC of 100 mg/ml. The methanolic extract was the most active that could compete favourably with the conventional antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) at higher concentrations, which suggests that possible new drug candidates can be harnessed from the tomato fruit against oral thrush and cariogenic pathogens.
American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2016
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2016
KnE Life Sciences, 2015
Delaying of leaf senescence (stay green) is an effective strategy for increasing of crop yield, p... more Delaying of leaf senescence (stay green) is an effective strategy for increasing of crop yield, particularly under water-limited conditions. Study of genotypic variance of stay green is very useful for breeding program of stay green character. Replicated field experiment was carried out in Farm Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture Padjadjaran University during dry season. The objectives of this study were: i) to estimate genotypic and phenotypic variances of stay green character; ii) to evaluate and investigate stay green performance of the 22 elite sorghum genotypes. High genotypic and phenotypic variances were observed for plant morphology (plant height, stem diameter), leaf morphology (leaf number, leaf width, leaf length and total leaf area) and yield component (panicle length) and were supported by high estimation of heritability value. Corresponding heritability ranged between 0.77 and 0.94. Genotypic variance of stay green characters was narrow and estimation of broad sense heritability was low. Stay green characters in sorghum might be a quantitative character that was controlled by many genes. Unpad 1.3, Unpad 1.1 and 1090 genotype showed good performance for stay green character. These genotypes can be recommended as stay green parental in breeding program.
This study was conducted to investigate the gene effects, heritability, genetic advance and numbe... more This study was conducted to investigate the gene effects, heritability, genetic advance and number of effective factors controlling the inheritance of aphid and rosette resistance and other quantitative characters. Two aphid resistance, one rosette resistance, one aphid susceptible and one rosette susceptible lines were used as parents to develop F 1 s, F 2 s, BC 1 P 1 and BC 1 P 2. The seventeen generations obtained were evaluated along with three checks in three replications using randomized complete block design. The three parameter model was adequate to explain variations observed in the inheritance of days to fifty percent flowering, plant height, number of seeds per plant and shelling percentage. Non allelic interaction was significant with high narrow-sense heritability as obtained for rosette disease incidence, rosette severity index, number of matured pods per plant and net pod yield. It is possible to expect advance for these characters in further segregating generations. Wide ranges of narrow and broad sense heritability accompanied with moderate to high genetic advance except for aphid infestation index were obtained for the characters studied. The number of effective factors revealed that the understudied characters were governed by mono, oligo, and polygenes.
Aims: Study on the evaluation of phytochemical and antimicrobial effects of tomato Solanum lycope... more Aims: Study on the evaluation of phytochemical and antimicrobial effects of tomato Solanum lycopersicum (L.) on oral thrush and human cariogenic pathogens was designed to determine the antimicrobial effect of tomato extracts, and to identify the common phytochemical constituents of tomato that may be inhibitory to oral pathogens. Place and Duration of Study: Fresh tomato fruit samples were collected from Samaru market, Zaria in the month of November and December 2015, and analyzed at Microbiology Laboratory,
Journal of Agricultural Studies
Field experiments were conducted at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Bagauda in the... more Field experiments were conducted at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Bagauda in the Sudan Savannah and Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zones of Nigeria between July-October, 2014 rainy season to estimates heterosis for fruit yield and heat tolerance traits of tomato under field conditions. The experiment comprised two heat tolerant (Icrixina and Rio Grande) and four heat susceptible tomato (Tima, Tropimech, Petomech and Roma Savana) which were crossed using half diallel mating design in the screen house. The resultant 15 hybrids, their parental lines along with four checks were laid out in partially balanced lattice design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the genotypes for all traits except fruit diameter and cell membrane thermostability, indicating sufficient variability existed among the genotypes. The cross combinations Icrixina × Rio Grande, Icrixina × Tima, Icr...
Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research
Nigeria is the largest producer of tomato in Africa while the Northern regions are the main produ... more Nigeria is the largest producer of tomato in Africa while the Northern regions are the main producers of tomatoes in the country. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is widely cultivated and consumed in every part of Nigeria. It is an important commercial crop and good source of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids, sugar and dietary fibers. The study aimed to report the outbreak of Tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) in tomato growing regions of Nigeria with a view to bring out its management strategies in Nigeria. The study was conducted in the major tomato
Uploads
Papers by Habu S A L E H Hamisu