Papers by Abuobieda Abusharib
Monoclonal Anti 38-KD Immunohistochemistry: A Novel Method for Improving the Diagnosis of Pediatric Tuberculous Lymphadenitis
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
Background: The clinical and histological criteria used to diagnose lymphadenitis caused by MTB o... more Background: The clinical and histological criteria used to diagnose lymphadenitis caused by MTB organisms have low sensitivity, and poor specificity. We report a novel method for diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis that uses Monoclonal anti 38-KD immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the 38-KD antigen on formalin-fixed tissue biopsies. This antigen has not been detected in non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of IS6110 from DNA obtained from the biopsies was used as a gold standard in this Study. Methodology: Of 718 lymphadenopathy cases, 42 pediatric cases of granulomatous lymphadenitis with histologically suspected tuberculosis obtained from Sudan were evaluated. Z.N stain, IHC and PCR techniques were used for diagnosis. Positive and negative control for IHC and PCR were used to standardize the assays. Result: Z.N stain, IHC, and PCR positivity were observed in 1/42(2.4%), 33/42(78.6%), and 33/42(78.6%) of granulomatous lymphadenitis cases...
Background: Hypercalciuria is a common cause of urinary stone formation in both children and adul... more Background: Hypercalciuria is a common cause of urinary stone formation in both children and adults; one of the components of the comprehensive evaluation of stone formers is to measure 24 hours urinary calcium, which is a complicated method especially in children, therefore some physicians depend on calcium creatinine ratio instead of it. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of calcium/creatinine ratio as an evaluation tool for hypercalciuria in urinary stone formers. Methods: This was a case control study in which forty patients of urinary stone formers along with fifteen healthy controls group were enrolled; after fulfilling specific inclusion and exclusion criteria a questionnaire was filled, then an early morning urinary samples were collected for calcium and creatinine measurement to calculate the calcium creatinine ratio. Results: The results showed significantly higher mean value of calcium/creatinine ratio in the stone formers group compared with controls one. Also there were statistically insignificant differences in the urinary calcium between the two groups. Moreover this study showed higher mean values of both calcium and calcium/creatinine ratio in recurrent stone formers when compared with first time stone former. Conclusions: This study concluded that calcium/creatinine ratio is a useful and easier method for the initial evaluation of stone formers.
Keywords: Hypercalcuria, Urinary stone formation, Urinary calcium / creatinine ratio
As obesity is rapidly becoming a major medical issue, it’s associated with many cardiovascular ri... more As obesity is rapidly becoming a major medical issue, it’s associated with many cardiovascular risk
factors and others public health problem, the aim of our present study is to investigate the
concentration and evaluate potential role of insulin and lipids profile, total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride
(Trig), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels
and insulin among obese Sudanese women. A prospective analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based
study included Sudanese women from Khartoum- State- Sudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014.
A total of 200 obese Sudanese women were compared with 100 healthy non obese women as control
group, all of them were age-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting then serum insulin and
lipids were analyzed using ELISA technique and colorimetric methods. The (mean ± SD) of serum
insulin and (TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) in obese women were 11.06±6.21μIU/ml,166.95±46.94mg/dl,
89.89±33.36 mg/dl, 43.83±2075mg/dl, 104.55±52.29mg/dl respectively, while that of control group, the
(mean ± SD) of serum insulin, TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.52±1.60μIU/ml, 145.14±31.19mg/dl,
82.13±26.51mg/dl, 51.02±1481mg/dl, 72.62±30.04 mg/dl, respectively. Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-Care
significant elevated while HDL-Cis decreased in obese as compared with control group (P<0.05).
Patients with obesity have significant increased levels of Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-C and HDL-C is
decreased in obese Sudanese women.
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Primary hydatid disease of spleen is rare. We report here is a case of 40 y... more ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Primary hydatid disease of spleen is rare. We report here is a case of 40 year old male presenting with pain in the le long standing splenic cyst. Then CT Scan was done & revealed cystic swelling within the spleen suggestive of hydatid Cyst. So splenectomy was done and spleen was sent for h examination which confirmed the diagnosis.
As obesity is rapidly becoming a major medical issue, it’s associated with many cardiovascular ri... more As obesity is rapidly becoming a major medical issue, it’s associated with many cardiovascular risk
factors and others public health problem, the aim of our present study is to investigate the
concentration and evaluate potential role of insulin and lipids profile, total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride
(Trig), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels
and insulin among obese Sudanese women. A prospective analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based
study included Sudanese women from Khartoum- State- Sudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014.
A total of 200 obese Sudanese women were compared with 100 healthy non obese women as control
group, all of them were age-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting then serum insulin and
lipids were analyzed using ELISA technique and colorimetric methods. The (mean ± SD) of serum
insulin and (TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) in obese women were 11.06±6.21μIU/ml,166.95±46.94mg/dl,
89.89±33.36 mg/dl, 43.83±2075mg/dl, 104.55±52.29mg/dl respectively, while that of control group, the
(mean ± SD) of serum insulin, TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.52±1.60μIU/ml, 145.14±31.19mg/dl,
82.13±26.51mg/dl, 51.02±1481mg/dl, 72.62±30.04 mg/dl, respectively. Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-Care
significant elevated while HDL-Cis decreased in obese as compared with control group (P<0.05).
Patients with obesity have significant increased levels of Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-C and HDL-C is
decreased in obese Sudanese women.
Background: Primary lymphoma is an uncommon malignancy of the thyroid gland, accounts between 1–
... more Background: Primary lymphoma is an uncommon malignancy of the thyroid gland, accounts between 1–
5% of all thyroid cancers and 1 to 2% of all lymphomas outside the lymph nodes. Methods: We report a
case of a 43 year old woman presented with recurrent thyroid swelling, diagnosed as thyroidlymphoma.
Result: A 43-year-old female presented to hospital with thyroid swelling, on physical examination, a
palpable firm nodule, sized 3 x 2.5 cm, was noted over thyroid gland. Thyroid ultra sonograms showed
enlarged thyroid lobes with hypervascularity and centraltrachea. The patient was euthyroid in laboratory
findings. The result of the fine-needle aspiration cytology study was malignant lymphoma. The diagnosis
was confirmed by histopathological samples from open biopsy. Conclusion: Thyroid lymphoma is an
uncommon tumor which requires prompt diagnosis and early intervention.
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Najran University College of Medicine in... more This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Najran University College of Medicine in Saudi
Arabia. The aim was to find out some of the disadvantages of the PowerPoint presentations from the
students’ points of views. Only undergraduate medical students were included in the study. A questionnaire
was designed that includes demographic data along with other data about PowerPoint presentations.
One hundred and ten students participated in this study voluntarily, data was collected and analyzed
using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS Program). Result showed out of the total
(n=110), 95(86%) of the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of pitfalls and limitations.
Approximately half of the students 57(52%) reported that the most boring factor in the presentations
was the large number of slides being presented. About 60 (54%) of the students considered that
dim light was the first distracting factor. Whilst 28(25%) said that the flying text or slides during changing
to the next one is the most distracting factors. Whereas, 74(67%) of the group reported that twenty
to thirty slides per one hour presentation is quite suitable slides number in the presentations. Additionally,
73(66%) quoted that only six bullets in one slide were a quite suitable for effective presentation. Finally,
83(75%) of the whole group stated that mixing PowerPoint with conventional method of whiteboard
chalks and talks is the most effective method of teaching. The authors concluded that most of
the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of limitation which can make the presentation
dull and boring. Also it is concluded that the use of integrated methods of chalks and talks in association
with PowerPoint presentation is the most effective and satisfying tool for the students.
He has experience teaching of more than 8 years in the field of Histopathology and cytology.
Abstract: Background. pylori infection is one of the most common infections in the world. It is u... more Abstract: Background. pylori infection is one of the most common infections in the world. It is usually acquired during childhood and without antibiotic therapy, it generally persists for life. A causal relationship between H. pylori infection and abdominal symptoms of childhood is still not proven. In addition, there seems to be a relationship between ulcer disease and abdominal symptoms but it is still not confirmed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between abdominal symptoms and positivity of H pylori in their stool. Methodology: This is hospital based study done in pediatric gastroenterology clinic in Sudan, A total of 50 children were selected according to specific criteria, any child presented with abdominal symptoms were included according to certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, The age of the study group was between one month and 15 yrs. The stool antigen test for H. pylori was performed, data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Out of Fifty selected patients, 20(40%) had only recurrent abdominal pain, 15(30%) presented with concomitant abdominal pain and diarrhea, and 3(6%) had both abdominal pain and vomiting, while 4(8%) had tripled symptoms of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting, just 6(12%) presented with isolated diarrhea, also 2(4%) presented with isolated vomiting. Positivity of H. pylori antigen was 29(58%) of the whole group, 20(70%) of those had positive H. pylori were under five years, furthermore 7(63.6%) of those had family history of similar condition were harboring the H. pylori antigen in their stool, in addition 27(93%) of those had positive stool test lived in very poor or poor socioeconomic conditions, indicating existence of strong and significant correlation between detection of antigen and their living condition. More analysis showed 25 out of 29 of those positive for the H. pylori stool test were presented with isolated recurrent abdominal pain, or in association with vomiting/diarrhea or both, while just 4 cases out of 29 who had the antigen were presented with isolated one symptom (diarrhea or vomiting) and this showed statistically significance correlation between abdominal pain+/- other symptoms and the presence of the stool H pylori. Conclusion: The authors concluded that the most common GI presentation associated with fecalantigen for H. pylori was abdominal pain whether alone or in association with other symptom, while isolated diarrhea or vomiting has no significant association, moreover concluded that presence of H. pylori fecal antigen in children less than five is more than those who areabove than five year old.
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Najran University College of Medicine in... more This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Najran University College of Medicine in Saudi
Arabia. The aim was to find out some of the disadvantages of the PowerPoint presentations from the
students’ points of views. Only undergraduate medical students were included in the study. A questionnaire
was designed that includes demographic data along with other data about PowerPoint presentations.
One hundred and ten students participated in this study voluntarily, data was collected and analyzed
using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS Program). Result showed out of the total
(n=110), 95(86%) of the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of pitfalls and limitations.
Approximately half of the students 57(52%) reported that the most boring factor in the presentations
was the large number of slides being presented. About 60 (54%) of the students considered that
dim light was the first distracting factor. Whilst 28(25%) said that the flying text or slides during changing
to the next one is the most distracting factors. Whereas, 74(67%) of the group reported that twenty
to thirty slides per one hour presentation is quite suitable slides number in the presentations. Additionally,
73(66%) quoted that only six bullets in one slide were a quite suitable for effective presentation. Finally,
83(75%) of the whole group stated that mixing PowerPoint with conventional method of whiteboard
chalks and talks is the most effective method of teaching. The authors concluded that most of
the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of limitation which can make the presentation
dull and boring. Also it is concluded that the use of integrated methods of chalks and talks in association
with PowerPoint presentation is the most effective and satisfying tool for the students
pylori infection is one of the most common infections in the world. It is usually acquired during... more pylori infection is one of the most common infections in the world. It is usually acquired during childhood and without antibiotic therapy, it generally persists for life. A causal relationship between H. pylori infection and abdominal symptoms of childhood is still not proven. In addition, there seems to be a relationship between ulcer disease and abdominal symptoms but it is still not confirmed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between abdominal symptoms and positivity of H pylori in their stool. Methodology: This is hospital based study done in pediatric gastroenterology clinic in Sudan, A total of 50 children were selected according to specific criteria, any child presented with abdominal symptoms were included according to certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, The age of the study group was between one month and 15 yrs. The stool antigen test for H. pylori was performed, data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Out of Fifty selected patients, 20(40%) had only recurrent abdominal pain, 15(30%) presented with concomitant abdominal pain and diarrhea, and 3(6%) had both abdominal pain and vomiting, while 4(8%) had tripled symptoms of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting, just 6(12%) presented with isolated diarrhea, also 2(4%) presented with isolated vomiting. Positivity of H. pylori antigen was 29(58%) of the whole group, 20(70%) of those had positive H. pylori were under five years, furthermore 7(63.6%) of those had family history of similar condition were harboring the H. pylori antigen in their stool, in addition 27(93%) of those had positive stool test lived in very poor or poor socioeconomic conditions, indicating existence of strong and significant correlation between detection of antigen and their living condition. More analysis showed 25 out of 29 of those positive for the H. pylori stool test were presented with isolated recurrent abdominal pain, or in association with vomiting/diarrhea or both, while just 4 cases out of 29 who had the antigen were presented with isolated one symptom (diarrhea or vomiting) and this showed statistically significance correlation between abdominal pain+/- other symptoms and the presence of the stool H pylori. Conclusion: The authors concluded that the most common GI presentation associated with fecalantigen for H. pylori was abdominal pain whether alone or in association with other symptom, while isolated diarrhea or vomiting has no significant association, moreover concluded that presence of H. pylori fecal antigen in children less than five is more than those who areabove than five year old
The clinical and histological criteria used to diagnose lymphadenitis caused by MTB organisms hav... more The clinical and histological criteria used to diagnose lymphadenitis caused by MTB organisms have low
sensitivity, and poor specificity. We report a novel method for diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis that uses Monoclonal anti 38-KD
immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the 38- KD antigen on formalin-fixed tissue biopsies. This antigen has not been detected in nontuberculous
mycobacteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of IS6110 from DNA obtained from the biopsies was
used as a gold standard in this Study. Methodology: Of 718 lymphadenopathy cases, 42 pediatric cases of granulomatous
lymphadenitis with histologically suspected tuberculosis obtained from Sudan were evaluated. Z.N stain, IHC and PCR techniques were
used for diagnosis. Positive and negative control for IHC and PCR were used to standardize the assays. Result: Z.N stain, IHC, and
PCR positivity were observed in 1/42(2.4%), 33/42(78.6%), and 33/42(78.6%) of granulomatous lymphadenitis cases respectively. Z.N
stain had sensitivity, specificity, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 2.9%, 100%, 100%, and 55% respectively, while IHC had
sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: IHC wi t h anti-38-KD antiserum is a
rapid, sensitive, and specific method for establishing an etiological diagnosis of Pediatric tuberculosis in histologic specimens. It can be
standardized and performed by trained technicians in routine laboratory.
Primary hydatid disease of spleen is rare. We report here is a case of 40 year old male presenti... more Primary hydatid disease of spleen is rare. We report here is a case of 40 year old male presenting with pain in the left hypochondrium at JARASH Hospital on 4/9/2014. The patient gave history of long standing splenic cyst. Then CT Scan was done & revealed cystic swelling within the spleen suggestive of hydatid Cyst. So splenectomy was done and spleen was sent for histopathological examination which confirmed the diagnosis.
Background: Lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) is the leading cause of extra pulmonary tuberculosis a... more Background: Lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) is the leading cause of extra pulmonary tuberculosis and is the most
frequently identified type in Khartoum state, Sudan. Conventional diagnosis has serious limitations for rapid detection of LNTB in
clinical samples. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of IH and ZN, since they are the routine used
methods. Methodology: Out of 718 lymphadenopathy specimens, 161/718 (22.4%) lymph nodes tissue biopsies that were previously
diagnosed by conventional histopathology as having tuberculosis were reinvestigated. The specific monoclonal anti 38KD was used to
detect MTB by IHC, and IS6110 sequence for MTB was used to perform PCR. IS6110 PCR assay was performed in comparison with the
histopathology diagnosis, Z.N stain and IHC. Results: ZN stain was positive in 4/161 (2.5%) of the cases, since, PCR and IHC were
positive in 135/161(83.85%) and 129/161(80.12%) of the cases respectively. Conclusions: IHC and PCR have high sensitivity in
detection of lymph node associated MBT. It advisable to use these techniques before reporting the negative results
Books by Abuobieda Abusharib
This book has been written primarily for medical students of pathology whose mother tongue is not... more This book has been written primarily for medical students of pathology whose mother tongue is not English, and as an aid to the teachers of the subject and junior doctors preparing for their postgraduate studies in any speciality, the depth of this book is intended to make the need for references and complicated textbooks on the subject as less as possible but definitely is not an absolute substitution for them. Generally, books on pathology divide the subject into two main parts, general and systemic pathology, this book deals with the general pathology part, and it would be followed by another book in systemic pathology. The unique things about this book is that it was written to be easy, concise, and illustrated with diagrams and drawings and revised by more than one teacher in an attempt to fill the gaps in the medical library in the local region, and in Sudan in particular, where more than twenty five medical colleges and schools are found, without a single book written for the students or junior doctors in the subject. Furthermore, this book focuses a light on pathology of selected topics in tropical and subtropical diseases. Most, if not all of this work was taken from recommended text books of pathology for medical students, i.e., ROBBINS, MUIR'S, and RUBBIN text books. Finally, we could not say this is a complete work, definitely it needs more and more revision and amendments and we would be thankful if you contact the authors and share your comments and recommendations. Correspondence email: [email protected]
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Papers by Abuobieda Abusharib
Keywords: Hypercalcuria, Urinary stone formation, Urinary calcium / creatinine ratio
factors and others public health problem, the aim of our present study is to investigate the
concentration and evaluate potential role of insulin and lipids profile, total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride
(Trig), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels
and insulin among obese Sudanese women. A prospective analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based
study included Sudanese women from Khartoum- State- Sudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014.
A total of 200 obese Sudanese women were compared with 100 healthy non obese women as control
group, all of them were age-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting then serum insulin and
lipids were analyzed using ELISA technique and colorimetric methods. The (mean ± SD) of serum
insulin and (TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) in obese women were 11.06±6.21μIU/ml,166.95±46.94mg/dl,
89.89±33.36 mg/dl, 43.83±2075mg/dl, 104.55±52.29mg/dl respectively, while that of control group, the
(mean ± SD) of serum insulin, TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.52±1.60μIU/ml, 145.14±31.19mg/dl,
82.13±26.51mg/dl, 51.02±1481mg/dl, 72.62±30.04 mg/dl, respectively. Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-Care
significant elevated while HDL-Cis decreased in obese as compared with control group (P<0.05).
Patients with obesity have significant increased levels of Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-C and HDL-C is
decreased in obese Sudanese women.
factors and others public health problem, the aim of our present study is to investigate the
concentration and evaluate potential role of insulin and lipids profile, total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride
(Trig), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels
and insulin among obese Sudanese women. A prospective analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based
study included Sudanese women from Khartoum- State- Sudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014.
A total of 200 obese Sudanese women were compared with 100 healthy non obese women as control
group, all of them were age-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting then serum insulin and
lipids were analyzed using ELISA technique and colorimetric methods. The (mean ± SD) of serum
insulin and (TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) in obese women were 11.06±6.21μIU/ml,166.95±46.94mg/dl,
89.89±33.36 mg/dl, 43.83±2075mg/dl, 104.55±52.29mg/dl respectively, while that of control group, the
(mean ± SD) of serum insulin, TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.52±1.60μIU/ml, 145.14±31.19mg/dl,
82.13±26.51mg/dl, 51.02±1481mg/dl, 72.62±30.04 mg/dl, respectively. Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-Care
significant elevated while HDL-Cis decreased in obese as compared with control group (P<0.05).
Patients with obesity have significant increased levels of Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-C and HDL-C is
decreased in obese Sudanese women.
5% of all thyroid cancers and 1 to 2% of all lymphomas outside the lymph nodes. Methods: We report a
case of a 43 year old woman presented with recurrent thyroid swelling, diagnosed as thyroidlymphoma.
Result: A 43-year-old female presented to hospital with thyroid swelling, on physical examination, a
palpable firm nodule, sized 3 x 2.5 cm, was noted over thyroid gland. Thyroid ultra sonograms showed
enlarged thyroid lobes with hypervascularity and centraltrachea. The patient was euthyroid in laboratory
findings. The result of the fine-needle aspiration cytology study was malignant lymphoma. The diagnosis
was confirmed by histopathological samples from open biopsy. Conclusion: Thyroid lymphoma is an
uncommon tumor which requires prompt diagnosis and early intervention.
Arabia. The aim was to find out some of the disadvantages of the PowerPoint presentations from the
students’ points of views. Only undergraduate medical students were included in the study. A questionnaire
was designed that includes demographic data along with other data about PowerPoint presentations.
One hundred and ten students participated in this study voluntarily, data was collected and analyzed
using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS Program). Result showed out of the total
(n=110), 95(86%) of the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of pitfalls and limitations.
Approximately half of the students 57(52%) reported that the most boring factor in the presentations
was the large number of slides being presented. About 60 (54%) of the students considered that
dim light was the first distracting factor. Whilst 28(25%) said that the flying text or slides during changing
to the next one is the most distracting factors. Whereas, 74(67%) of the group reported that twenty
to thirty slides per one hour presentation is quite suitable slides number in the presentations. Additionally,
73(66%) quoted that only six bullets in one slide were a quite suitable for effective presentation. Finally,
83(75%) of the whole group stated that mixing PowerPoint with conventional method of whiteboard
chalks and talks is the most effective method of teaching. The authors concluded that most of
the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of limitation which can make the presentation
dull and boring. Also it is concluded that the use of integrated methods of chalks and talks in association
with PowerPoint presentation is the most effective and satisfying tool for the students.
Arabia. The aim was to find out some of the disadvantages of the PowerPoint presentations from the
students’ points of views. Only undergraduate medical students were included in the study. A questionnaire
was designed that includes demographic data along with other data about PowerPoint presentations.
One hundred and ten students participated in this study voluntarily, data was collected and analyzed
using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS Program). Result showed out of the total
(n=110), 95(86%) of the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of pitfalls and limitations.
Approximately half of the students 57(52%) reported that the most boring factor in the presentations
was the large number of slides being presented. About 60 (54%) of the students considered that
dim light was the first distracting factor. Whilst 28(25%) said that the flying text or slides during changing
to the next one is the most distracting factors. Whereas, 74(67%) of the group reported that twenty
to thirty slides per one hour presentation is quite suitable slides number in the presentations. Additionally,
73(66%) quoted that only six bullets in one slide were a quite suitable for effective presentation. Finally,
83(75%) of the whole group stated that mixing PowerPoint with conventional method of whiteboard
chalks and talks is the most effective method of teaching. The authors concluded that most of
the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of limitation which can make the presentation
dull and boring. Also it is concluded that the use of integrated methods of chalks and talks in association
with PowerPoint presentation is the most effective and satisfying tool for the students
sensitivity, and poor specificity. We report a novel method for diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis that uses Monoclonal anti 38-KD
immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the 38- KD antigen on formalin-fixed tissue biopsies. This antigen has not been detected in nontuberculous
mycobacteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of IS6110 from DNA obtained from the biopsies was
used as a gold standard in this Study. Methodology: Of 718 lymphadenopathy cases, 42 pediatric cases of granulomatous
lymphadenitis with histologically suspected tuberculosis obtained from Sudan were evaluated. Z.N stain, IHC and PCR techniques were
used for diagnosis. Positive and negative control for IHC and PCR were used to standardize the assays. Result: Z.N stain, IHC, and
PCR positivity were observed in 1/42(2.4%), 33/42(78.6%), and 33/42(78.6%) of granulomatous lymphadenitis cases respectively. Z.N
stain had sensitivity, specificity, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 2.9%, 100%, 100%, and 55% respectively, while IHC had
sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: IHC wi t h anti-38-KD antiserum is a
rapid, sensitive, and specific method for establishing an etiological diagnosis of Pediatric tuberculosis in histologic specimens. It can be
standardized and performed by trained technicians in routine laboratory.
frequently identified type in Khartoum state, Sudan. Conventional diagnosis has serious limitations for rapid detection of LNTB in
clinical samples. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of IH and ZN, since they are the routine used
methods. Methodology: Out of 718 lymphadenopathy specimens, 161/718 (22.4%) lymph nodes tissue biopsies that were previously
diagnosed by conventional histopathology as having tuberculosis were reinvestigated. The specific monoclonal anti 38KD was used to
detect MTB by IHC, and IS6110 sequence for MTB was used to perform PCR. IS6110 PCR assay was performed in comparison with the
histopathology diagnosis, Z.N stain and IHC. Results: ZN stain was positive in 4/161 (2.5%) of the cases, since, PCR and IHC were
positive in 135/161(83.85%) and 129/161(80.12%) of the cases respectively. Conclusions: IHC and PCR have high sensitivity in
detection of lymph node associated MBT. It advisable to use these techniques before reporting the negative results
Books by Abuobieda Abusharib
Keywords: Hypercalcuria, Urinary stone formation, Urinary calcium / creatinine ratio
factors and others public health problem, the aim of our present study is to investigate the
concentration and evaluate potential role of insulin and lipids profile, total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride
(Trig), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels
and insulin among obese Sudanese women. A prospective analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based
study included Sudanese women from Khartoum- State- Sudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014.
A total of 200 obese Sudanese women were compared with 100 healthy non obese women as control
group, all of them were age-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting then serum insulin and
lipids were analyzed using ELISA technique and colorimetric methods. The (mean ± SD) of serum
insulin and (TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) in obese women were 11.06±6.21μIU/ml,166.95±46.94mg/dl,
89.89±33.36 mg/dl, 43.83±2075mg/dl, 104.55±52.29mg/dl respectively, while that of control group, the
(mean ± SD) of serum insulin, TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.52±1.60μIU/ml, 145.14±31.19mg/dl,
82.13±26.51mg/dl, 51.02±1481mg/dl, 72.62±30.04 mg/dl, respectively. Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-Care
significant elevated while HDL-Cis decreased in obese as compared with control group (P<0.05).
Patients with obesity have significant increased levels of Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-C and HDL-C is
decreased in obese Sudanese women.
factors and others public health problem, the aim of our present study is to investigate the
concentration and evaluate potential role of insulin and lipids profile, total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride
(Trig), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels
and insulin among obese Sudanese women. A prospective analytic, cross- sectional and hospital-based
study included Sudanese women from Khartoum- State- Sudan, in period from March 2012 to May 2014.
A total of 200 obese Sudanese women were compared with 100 healthy non obese women as control
group, all of them were age-matched, Samples were taken after overnight fasting then serum insulin and
lipids were analyzed using ELISA technique and colorimetric methods. The (mean ± SD) of serum
insulin and (TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) in obese women were 11.06±6.21μIU/ml,166.95±46.94mg/dl,
89.89±33.36 mg/dl, 43.83±2075mg/dl, 104.55±52.29mg/dl respectively, while that of control group, the
(mean ± SD) of serum insulin, TC, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C were 4.52±1.60μIU/ml, 145.14±31.19mg/dl,
82.13±26.51mg/dl, 51.02±1481mg/dl, 72.62±30.04 mg/dl, respectively. Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-Care
significant elevated while HDL-Cis decreased in obese as compared with control group (P<0.05).
Patients with obesity have significant increased levels of Serum insulin, TC, Trig, LDL-C and HDL-C is
decreased in obese Sudanese women.
5% of all thyroid cancers and 1 to 2% of all lymphomas outside the lymph nodes. Methods: We report a
case of a 43 year old woman presented with recurrent thyroid swelling, diagnosed as thyroidlymphoma.
Result: A 43-year-old female presented to hospital with thyroid swelling, on physical examination, a
palpable firm nodule, sized 3 x 2.5 cm, was noted over thyroid gland. Thyroid ultra sonograms showed
enlarged thyroid lobes with hypervascularity and centraltrachea. The patient was euthyroid in laboratory
findings. The result of the fine-needle aspiration cytology study was malignant lymphoma. The diagnosis
was confirmed by histopathological samples from open biopsy. Conclusion: Thyroid lymphoma is an
uncommon tumor which requires prompt diagnosis and early intervention.
Arabia. The aim was to find out some of the disadvantages of the PowerPoint presentations from the
students’ points of views. Only undergraduate medical students were included in the study. A questionnaire
was designed that includes demographic data along with other data about PowerPoint presentations.
One hundred and ten students participated in this study voluntarily, data was collected and analyzed
using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS Program). Result showed out of the total
(n=110), 95(86%) of the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of pitfalls and limitations.
Approximately half of the students 57(52%) reported that the most boring factor in the presentations
was the large number of slides being presented. About 60 (54%) of the students considered that
dim light was the first distracting factor. Whilst 28(25%) said that the flying text or slides during changing
to the next one is the most distracting factors. Whereas, 74(67%) of the group reported that twenty
to thirty slides per one hour presentation is quite suitable slides number in the presentations. Additionally,
73(66%) quoted that only six bullets in one slide were a quite suitable for effective presentation. Finally,
83(75%) of the whole group stated that mixing PowerPoint with conventional method of whiteboard
chalks and talks is the most effective method of teaching. The authors concluded that most of
the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of limitation which can make the presentation
dull and boring. Also it is concluded that the use of integrated methods of chalks and talks in association
with PowerPoint presentation is the most effective and satisfying tool for the students.
Arabia. The aim was to find out some of the disadvantages of the PowerPoint presentations from the
students’ points of views. Only undergraduate medical students were included in the study. A questionnaire
was designed that includes demographic data along with other data about PowerPoint presentations.
One hundred and ten students participated in this study voluntarily, data was collected and analyzed
using Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS Program). Result showed out of the total
(n=110), 95(86%) of the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of pitfalls and limitations.
Approximately half of the students 57(52%) reported that the most boring factor in the presentations
was the large number of slides being presented. About 60 (54%) of the students considered that
dim light was the first distracting factor. Whilst 28(25%) said that the flying text or slides during changing
to the next one is the most distracting factors. Whereas, 74(67%) of the group reported that twenty
to thirty slides per one hour presentation is quite suitable slides number in the presentations. Additionally,
73(66%) quoted that only six bullets in one slide were a quite suitable for effective presentation. Finally,
83(75%) of the whole group stated that mixing PowerPoint with conventional method of whiteboard
chalks and talks is the most effective method of teaching. The authors concluded that most of
the students believed that PowerPoint presentations have a lot of limitation which can make the presentation
dull and boring. Also it is concluded that the use of integrated methods of chalks and talks in association
with PowerPoint presentation is the most effective and satisfying tool for the students
sensitivity, and poor specificity. We report a novel method for diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis that uses Monoclonal anti 38-KD
immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the 38- KD antigen on formalin-fixed tissue biopsies. This antigen has not been detected in nontuberculous
mycobacteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of IS6110 from DNA obtained from the biopsies was
used as a gold standard in this Study. Methodology: Of 718 lymphadenopathy cases, 42 pediatric cases of granulomatous
lymphadenitis with histologically suspected tuberculosis obtained from Sudan were evaluated. Z.N stain, IHC and PCR techniques were
used for diagnosis. Positive and negative control for IHC and PCR were used to standardize the assays. Result: Z.N stain, IHC, and
PCR positivity were observed in 1/42(2.4%), 33/42(78.6%), and 33/42(78.6%) of granulomatous lymphadenitis cases respectively. Z.N
stain had sensitivity, specificity, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 2.9%, 100%, 100%, and 55% respectively, while IHC had
sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: IHC wi t h anti-38-KD antiserum is a
rapid, sensitive, and specific method for establishing an etiological diagnosis of Pediatric tuberculosis in histologic specimens. It can be
standardized and performed by trained technicians in routine laboratory.
frequently identified type in Khartoum state, Sudan. Conventional diagnosis has serious limitations for rapid detection of LNTB in
clinical samples. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of IH and ZN, since they are the routine used
methods. Methodology: Out of 718 lymphadenopathy specimens, 161/718 (22.4%) lymph nodes tissue biopsies that were previously
diagnosed by conventional histopathology as having tuberculosis were reinvestigated. The specific monoclonal anti 38KD was used to
detect MTB by IHC, and IS6110 sequence for MTB was used to perform PCR. IS6110 PCR assay was performed in comparison with the
histopathology diagnosis, Z.N stain and IHC. Results: ZN stain was positive in 4/161 (2.5%) of the cases, since, PCR and IHC were
positive in 135/161(83.85%) and 129/161(80.12%) of the cases respectively. Conclusions: IHC and PCR have high sensitivity in
detection of lymph node associated MBT. It advisable to use these techniques before reporting the negative results