Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcoho... more Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcohol-relat ed consequences such as DUI, unsafe sexual practices, and criminal behavior. This poses major problems for the integrity of college athletics, athletic department personnel, and health educators who work to reduce destructive alcohol behaviors on campus. To understand why current alcohol education is ineffective, it is necessary to examine the ecology of this behavior. This article examines alcohol use among college athletes using the Social Ecology Model to determine what most injluences this behavior. A proposed ecological model specific to alcohol use among college athletes is discussed.
The purpose o f this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness... more The purpose o f this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competence and patterns o f behavior during practice o f a sex typed masculine task, the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate females formed four homogeneous treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions o f ability: Masculine Innate (MI), Masculine Acquired (MA), Neutral Innate (NI), and Neutral Acquired (NA). Four teachers taught across all o f the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Each of the learning episodes reinforced the gender appropriateness and conception o f ability beliefs held by that group and began with an audio-video tape which introduced the critical skill cues and successful practice trials of the hockey wrist shot. The teacher provided eight minutes o f skill practice and feedback, while reinforcing the group’s gender and ability beliefs. The tea...
본 연구의 목적은 한 휠체어럭비 전문지도자의 지도행동과 상호작용을 조사하기 위함이다. 특히 본 연구는 그 코치의 주된 지도 유형, 반복적인 지도행동 유형, 그리고 코치의 어떤... more 본 연구의 목적은 한 휠체어럭비 전문지도자의 지도행동과 상호작용을 조사하기 위함이다. 특히 본 연구는 그 코치의 주된 지도 유형, 반복적인 지도행동 유형, 그리고 코치의 어떤 지도행동이 선수들의 반응과 관계가 있는지 조사하기 위함이다. 본 연구의 참가자는 전 미국 국가대표 휠체어럭비 코치로서 다음과 같은 기준에 의해서 선택되었다. (1) 최소 10년 이상의 코칭경험, (2) 7할 이상의 승률 (3) 코칭에 대한 수상경력. 본 연구방법은 양적과 질적 연구방법을 동시에 이용했고, 자료 수집은 총 18시간의 연습을 비디오촬영 했다. 자료분석은 CAFIAS (Cheffers & Mancini, 1989) 이 사용되었고 추가적인 설명을 위해 연습현장의 에피소드가 이용되었다(Schempp et al., 2004). 연구결과는 칭찬과 지식 전달, 그리고 지시로 나타났다. 또한, 휠체어럭비 전문 지도자와 학습자 간의 상호작용은 반복적인 지식전달, 지시, 그리고 칭찬이 주로 나타났다. 코치의 칭찬과 지도는 선수들의 연습을 촉진시키고 코치가 선수들의 생각을 받아들이면 더 대화에 참여하는 경향을 보였다. 마지막으로 코치가 선수들의 경기력에 대해서 부정적인일 때 선수들은 더 분석적으로 반응했다.
This study investigated the influence of race and gender on students' self-schema for movemen... more This study investigated the influence of race and gender on students' self-schema for movement activities. Study participants were 168 male and female seventhand eighth-grade students, both African American and Euro American, from a semi-rural school in a Southeastern state. The Physical Activity Schema Analysis (PASA) was administered to measure students' endorsements of 20 different movement and team and individual sport activities. Participants were asked: in which activity they felt most competent; the highest level at which they expected to compete in the activity; how hard they thought they would have to work to be good at the activity; and how often they practiced or played in the activity. Study results revealed the importance of race and gender as predictors of schema development for particular sports and physical activities. For example, African Americans' overwhelming indication of basketball as the activity in which they perceived the highest level of compete...
Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcoho... more Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcohol-related consequences such as DUI, unsafe sexual practices, and criminal behavior. This poses major problems for the integrity of college athletics, athletic department personnel, and health educators who work to reduce destructive alcohol behaviors on campus. To understand why current alcohol education is ineffective, it is necessary to examine the ecology of this behavior. This article examines alcohol use among college athletes using the Social Ecology Model to determine what most injluences this behavior. A proposed ecological model specific to alcohol use among college athletes is discussed. bably 85 to 90 percent of the negative incidents on campus, whether dealing with players or other students, were in some way related to alcohol... We have justijiable anxiety over 1,500 (American) deaths in Iraq of a two-year period, but alcohol kills 1,400 college students annually"—Tom O...
Beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability have been identified as powerful ... more Beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability have been identified as powerful influences on beliefs about competence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of those two factors on competence beliefs in physical activity. Participants completed a survey about the sport of hockey, watched a video of a specific hockey skill, and then responded to questions about the skill. Males expressed more confidence in their ability to learn hockey than females, but females who perceived the activity to be gender neutral were more confident in their ability to learn hockey than females who believed the activity was predominantly for males. Participants’ explanations of their beliefs about gender appropriateness and confidence shed light on how competence beliefs are affected by perceptions of gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 1357332990040204, Jul 28, 2006
ABSTRACT This study investigated the competence perceptions and motivational beliefs of 50 physic... more ABSTRACT This study investigated the competence perceptions and motivational beliefs of 50 physical education students who had adopted stereotypical perceptions of two gender oriented physical activities, dance and basketball. Specifically, the research asked students to explain why basketball is sometimes viewed as more appropriate for boys and dance is viewed as more appropriate for girls. The research also aimed to understand why students think they will not be as skilled and why many seem not to try in activities not viewed as gender appropriate. Participants were 50 fifthgraders who had personally adopted stereotypical perceptions regarding appropriateness of basketball and dance for male and female participation. A standardized open‐ended interview technique was utilized to ascertain what mediated student viewpoints about competence and motivation and how children viewed and assessed teacher motivational practice. Results indicated that competence and motivational beliefs of students with well‐established sex‐role conceptions are driven by a sense of gender appropriateness.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 07303084 2008 10598226, Jan 26, 2013
... DEPARTMENTS Editorial: RU Ready 2 Communicate? Michael G. Hypes.....3 Viewpoint: Defining the... more ... DEPARTMENTS Editorial: RU Ready 2 Communicate? Michael G. Hypes.....3 Viewpoint: Defining the Indefinable: Modern Dance Beverly Cordova Duane ..... ... Now in the 21st century, we have more methods and better ac-cess to communication than ever before. ...
Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcoho... more Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcohol-related consequences such as DUI, unsafe sexual practices, and criminal behavior. This poses major problems for the integrity of college athletics, athletic department personnel, and health educators who work to reduce destructive alcohol behaviors on campus. To understand why current alcohol education is ineffective, it is necessary to examine the ecology of this behavior. This article examines alcohol use among college athletes using the Social Ecology Model to determine what most injluences this behavior. A proposed ecological model specific to alcohol use among college athletes is discussed.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 02701367 2003 10609080, Feb 26, 2013
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness ... more The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competene and patterns of behavior during practice of the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate women formed four treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability. Four teachers taught across the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Data were collected through a three-part questionnaire and from audio-video taping of the entire episode to ascertain the paticipants' competency beliefs, effort, and performance. Gender appropriateness impacted the participants' perceptions of competence and actual performance in the study, while beliefs about conceptions of ability did not produce a significant difference. This study reaffirms that educators must work diligently to combat the stereotypical beliefs many hold with respect to the gender appropriateness of physical activities.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 1361332990020204, Feb 22, 2011
ABSTRACT The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for ... more ABSTRACT The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for increased levels of regular physical activity in the US population in general, and in minorities and women in particular. Insight into variations in participation patterns in particular sports and physical activities may provide insight into the differing activity levels in women and minorities. Resent research, utilizing self‐schemata conceptual framework, indicates that particular physical activities are viewed as self‐defining for race and gender groups. This study investigated the sources of self‐schemata and whether these sources vary by race and gender. Questionnaire data and subsequent factor analyses revealed four stable factors: TV/modeling, expectations, parental influence, and effort. Multivariate analyses of these factors revealed gender and racial differences. Understanding the dynamics of self‐schemata development and the influences of race and gender holds potential for improving general health, teacher education programs and pedagogical practices for meaningful intervention.
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness ... more The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competene and patterns of behavior during practice of the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate women formed four treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability. Four teachers taught across the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Data were collected through a three-part questionnaire and from audio-video taping of the entire episode to ascertain the paticipants' competency beliefs, effort, and performance. Gender appropriateness impacted the participants' perceptions of competence and actual performance in the study, while beliefs about conceptions of ability did not produce a significant difference. This study reaffirms that educators must work diligently to combat the stereotypical beliefs many hold with respect to the gender appropriateness of physical activities.
The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for increased... more The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for increased levels of regular physical activity in the US population in general, and in minorities and women in particular. Insight into variations in participation patterns in particular sports and physical activities may provide insight into the differing activity levels in women and minorities. Resent research, utilizing self‐schemata conceptual
Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcoho... more Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcohol-relat ed consequences such as DUI, unsafe sexual practices, and criminal behavior. This poses major problems for the integrity of college athletics, athletic department personnel, and health educators who work to reduce destructive alcohol behaviors on campus. To understand why current alcohol education is ineffective, it is necessary to examine the ecology of this behavior. This article examines alcohol use among college athletes using the Social Ecology Model to determine what most injluences this behavior. A proposed ecological model specific to alcohol use among college athletes is discussed.
The purpose o f this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness... more The purpose o f this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competence and patterns o f behavior during practice o f a sex typed masculine task, the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate females formed four homogeneous treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions o f ability: Masculine Innate (MI), Masculine Acquired (MA), Neutral Innate (NI), and Neutral Acquired (NA). Four teachers taught across all o f the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Each of the learning episodes reinforced the gender appropriateness and conception o f ability beliefs held by that group and began with an audio-video tape which introduced the critical skill cues and successful practice trials of the hockey wrist shot. The teacher provided eight minutes o f skill practice and feedback, while reinforcing the group’s gender and ability beliefs. The tea...
본 연구의 목적은 한 휠체어럭비 전문지도자의 지도행동과 상호작용을 조사하기 위함이다. 특히 본 연구는 그 코치의 주된 지도 유형, 반복적인 지도행동 유형, 그리고 코치의 어떤... more 본 연구의 목적은 한 휠체어럭비 전문지도자의 지도행동과 상호작용을 조사하기 위함이다. 특히 본 연구는 그 코치의 주된 지도 유형, 반복적인 지도행동 유형, 그리고 코치의 어떤 지도행동이 선수들의 반응과 관계가 있는지 조사하기 위함이다. 본 연구의 참가자는 전 미국 국가대표 휠체어럭비 코치로서 다음과 같은 기준에 의해서 선택되었다. (1) 최소 10년 이상의 코칭경험, (2) 7할 이상의 승률 (3) 코칭에 대한 수상경력. 본 연구방법은 양적과 질적 연구방법을 동시에 이용했고, 자료 수집은 총 18시간의 연습을 비디오촬영 했다. 자료분석은 CAFIAS (Cheffers & Mancini, 1989) 이 사용되었고 추가적인 설명을 위해 연습현장의 에피소드가 이용되었다(Schempp et al., 2004). 연구결과는 칭찬과 지식 전달, 그리고 지시로 나타났다. 또한, 휠체어럭비 전문 지도자와 학습자 간의 상호작용은 반복적인 지식전달, 지시, 그리고 칭찬이 주로 나타났다. 코치의 칭찬과 지도는 선수들의 연습을 촉진시키고 코치가 선수들의 생각을 받아들이면 더 대화에 참여하는 경향을 보였다. 마지막으로 코치가 선수들의 경기력에 대해서 부정적인일 때 선수들은 더 분석적으로 반응했다.
This study investigated the influence of race and gender on students' self-schema for movemen... more This study investigated the influence of race and gender on students' self-schema for movement activities. Study participants were 168 male and female seventhand eighth-grade students, both African American and Euro American, from a semi-rural school in a Southeastern state. The Physical Activity Schema Analysis (PASA) was administered to measure students' endorsements of 20 different movement and team and individual sport activities. Participants were asked: in which activity they felt most competent; the highest level at which they expected to compete in the activity; how hard they thought they would have to work to be good at the activity; and how often they practiced or played in the activity. Study results revealed the importance of race and gender as predictors of schema development for particular sports and physical activities. For example, African Americans' overwhelming indication of basketball as the activity in which they perceived the highest level of compete...
Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcoho... more Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcohol-related consequences such as DUI, unsafe sexual practices, and criminal behavior. This poses major problems for the integrity of college athletics, athletic department personnel, and health educators who work to reduce destructive alcohol behaviors on campus. To understand why current alcohol education is ineffective, it is necessary to examine the ecology of this behavior. This article examines alcohol use among college athletes using the Social Ecology Model to determine what most injluences this behavior. A proposed ecological model specific to alcohol use among college athletes is discussed. bably 85 to 90 percent of the negative incidents on campus, whether dealing with players or other students, were in some way related to alcohol... We have justijiable anxiety over 1,500 (American) deaths in Iraq of a two-year period, but alcohol kills 1,400 college students annually"—Tom O...
Beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability have been identified as powerful ... more Beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability have been identified as powerful influences on beliefs about competence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of those two factors on competence beliefs in physical activity. Participants completed a survey about the sport of hockey, watched a video of a specific hockey skill, and then responded to questions about the skill. Males expressed more confidence in their ability to learn hockey than females, but females who perceived the activity to be gender neutral were more confident in their ability to learn hockey than females who believed the activity was predominantly for males. Participants’ explanations of their beliefs about gender appropriateness and confidence shed light on how competence beliefs are affected by perceptions of gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 1357332990040204, Jul 28, 2006
ABSTRACT This study investigated the competence perceptions and motivational beliefs of 50 physic... more ABSTRACT This study investigated the competence perceptions and motivational beliefs of 50 physical education students who had adopted stereotypical perceptions of two gender oriented physical activities, dance and basketball. Specifically, the research asked students to explain why basketball is sometimes viewed as more appropriate for boys and dance is viewed as more appropriate for girls. The research also aimed to understand why students think they will not be as skilled and why many seem not to try in activities not viewed as gender appropriate. Participants were 50 fifthgraders who had personally adopted stereotypical perceptions regarding appropriateness of basketball and dance for male and female participation. A standardized open‐ended interview technique was utilized to ascertain what mediated student viewpoints about competence and motivation and how children viewed and assessed teacher motivational practice. Results indicated that competence and motivational beliefs of students with well‐established sex‐role conceptions are driven by a sense of gender appropriateness.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 07303084 2008 10598226, Jan 26, 2013
... DEPARTMENTS Editorial: RU Ready 2 Communicate? Michael G. Hypes.....3 Viewpoint: Defining the... more ... DEPARTMENTS Editorial: RU Ready 2 Communicate? Michael G. Hypes.....3 Viewpoint: Defining the Indefinable: Modern Dance Beverly Cordova Duane ..... ... Now in the 21st century, we have more methods and better ac-cess to communication than ever before. ...
Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcoho... more Compared to non-athletes, college athletes consume more alcohol and report higher rates of alcohol-related consequences such as DUI, unsafe sexual practices, and criminal behavior. This poses major problems for the integrity of college athletics, athletic department personnel, and health educators who work to reduce destructive alcohol behaviors on campus. To understand why current alcohol education is ineffective, it is necessary to examine the ecology of this behavior. This article examines alcohol use among college athletes using the Social Ecology Model to determine what most injluences this behavior. A proposed ecological model specific to alcohol use among college athletes is discussed.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 02701367 2003 10609080, Feb 26, 2013
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness ... more The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competene and patterns of behavior during practice of the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate women formed four treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability. Four teachers taught across the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Data were collected through a three-part questionnaire and from audio-video taping of the entire episode to ascertain the paticipants' competency beliefs, effort, and performance. Gender appropriateness impacted the participants' perceptions of competence and actual performance in the study, while beliefs about conceptions of ability did not produce a significant difference. This study reaffirms that educators must work diligently to combat the stereotypical beliefs many hold with respect to the gender appropriateness of physical activities.
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 1361332990020204, Feb 22, 2011
ABSTRACT The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for ... more ABSTRACT The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for increased levels of regular physical activity in the US population in general, and in minorities and women in particular. Insight into variations in participation patterns in particular sports and physical activities may provide insight into the differing activity levels in women and minorities. Resent research, utilizing self‐schemata conceptual framework, indicates that particular physical activities are viewed as self‐defining for race and gender groups. This study investigated the sources of self‐schemata and whether these sources vary by race and gender. Questionnaire data and subsequent factor analyses revealed four stable factors: TV/modeling, expectations, parental influence, and effort. Multivariate analyses of these factors revealed gender and racial differences. Understanding the dynamics of self‐schemata development and the influences of race and gender holds potential for improving general health, teacher education programs and pedagogical practices for meaningful intervention.
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness ... more The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competene and patterns of behavior during practice of the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate women formed four treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability. Four teachers taught across the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Data were collected through a three-part questionnaire and from audio-video taping of the entire episode to ascertain the paticipants' competency beliefs, effort, and performance. Gender appropriateness impacted the participants' perceptions of competence and actual performance in the study, while beliefs about conceptions of ability did not produce a significant difference. This study reaffirms that educators must work diligently to combat the stereotypical beliefs many hold with respect to the gender appropriateness of physical activities.
The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for increased... more The most recent United States Surgeon General's report underscores the need for increased levels of regular physical activity in the US population in general, and in minorities and women in particular. Insight into variations in participation patterns in particular sports and physical activities may provide insight into the differing activity levels in women and minorities. Resent research, utilizing self‐schemata conceptual
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