Sam Reisenfeld

Macquarie University, School of Engineering in the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Faculty Member

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Associate Professor of Telecommunications Engineering interested in Communicatin Systems, Wireless Communications, Satellite Communications, Cognitive Radio Networks, and Signal Processing.
Phone: +61(0)477293726
Address: 44 Waterloo Road
Macquarie Park, NSW 2113
AUSTRALIA

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Dimitris Varoutas

National & Kapodistrian University of Athens

Ioannis Tomkos

Athens Information Technology (AIT)

Michael A Paraskevas

University of the Peloponnese

Dr. Rafael Vargas-Bernal

ITESI

Ömer Faruk Eker

Cranfield University

Michal Jablonsky

Slovak University of Technology

zulhelman ST.MT.

State Polytechnic of Jakarta

Olaf L. Müller

Humboldt Universität zu Berlin

Filomena Freitas

Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Mohamed Morsy

Housing & Building National Research Center

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Papers by Sam Reisenfeld

Efficient pilot carrier acquisition and tracking in detect and avoid signal processing

For the detect and avoid operation in cognitive radio systems, there is often a requirement to ra... more For the detect and avoid operation in cognitive radio systems, there is often a requirement to rapidly acquire a pilot carrier in a large frequency uncertainty band. This paper presents a method for rapid pilot carrier acquisition with extremely low computational complexity. A low latency, iterative frequency estimation algorithm is introduced, which accurately determines the pilot carrier frequency and initializes

Onboard processing for a 30/20 GHz communications satellite

International Conference on Communications, 1982

ABSTRACT

A novel carrier estimation algorithm for OFDM communication systems

A new pilot assisted (PA) carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation algorithm for OFDM communicat... more A new pilot assisted (PA) carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation algorithm for OFDM communication system is presented in this paper. This algorithm extends the principle of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) based single carrier frequency estimation algorithm in S. Reisenfeld and E. Aboutanios (2003). The proposed algorithm comprises of two steps, first a coarse CFO estimator such as the one

Combating SSDFA Reputation Mining and Reset Attacks in Cognitive Radio Networks

The primary deterrent to the implementation of distributed cognitive radios for many years has be... more The primary deterrent to the implementation of distributed cognitive radios for many years has been their vulnerability to a number of physical layer attacks. In particular, attacks exploiting the spectrum sensing phase of the cognition cycle have been identified as highly susceptible. This paper presents a method to diagnose and neutralise one such attack, the spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack. We propose a belief propagation based statistical reputation function (BPB-SRF). BPBSRF is able to statistically analyse spectrum sensing information from a transmitter and identify the legitimacy of the data. We introduce a trust factor between pairs of users, which is implemented through a dynamic reputation function. In addition, we define two new types of attack: a data mining attack and a reset attack. We introduce a probation period and a random back off period to combat these attacks. The BPBSRF method is an effective, yet efficient method that was designed to be used in distributed networks where users are limited in power and computational complexity.

The Australian Space Eye: Ultra-faint astronomy imaging from Space

An Australian low earth orbit satellite, named Space Eye, is currently proposed for astronomical ... more An Australian low earth orbit satellite, named Space Eye, is currently proposed for astronomical observation of deep space regions of interest. The satellite will be a CubeSat launched into an 800 km sun synchronous orbit. This paper describes the goals of the project and some high level system design considerations.7 page(s

A highly accurate DFT-based parameter estimator for complex exponentials

A highly accurate DFT-based complex exponential parameter estimation algorithm is presented in th... more A highly accurate DFT-based complex exponential parameter estimation algorithm is presented in this paper. It will be shown that for large number of samples and high signal to noise ratio (SNR), the phase estimation error variance performance is only 0.0475 dB above the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for phase estimation with unknown frequency and phase. The amplitude estimation error variance performance was found to lay on the CRLB for amplitude estimation. Exact phase and amplitude estimation can be achieved in the noiseless case with this algorithm. The algorithm has low implementation computational complexity and is suitable for numerous real time digital signal processing applications.

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Analysis of the error probability of an all digital detector

ABSTRACT

Little Locator: A Smartphone Parking-Location Application

Smartphone applications that save the locations where vehicles are parked aid users in relocating... more Smartphone applications that save the locations where vehicles are parked aid users in relocating their vehicles, so individuals are not required to rely solely on their memory and backtracking skills. These applications typically utilise Global Positioning System (GPS) chips in devices and make use of a mapping Application Programming Interface (API) to place markers at parking locations for navigation back to the vehicles positions. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) must be developed to integrate seamlessly with the functionality of the application. Our primary focus is on facilitating the fulfilment of the requirements elucidated for the human-computer interface. During this process, analyses, testing and documentation must be generated to ensure that professional standards are being met, progress can be tracked, and users can understand the system. A complex and innovative non-goal has been incorporated machine learning to recognise the general areas that a user typically parks, with algorithms to detect travel changes in an attempt to find their vehicle if the user has forgotten to manually set their parking location. Value can be added to a parking location application by adding innovative features which competitors have not conceived. These features work behind the scenes of the application to make the task of relocating vehicles and navigation easier for its users.

Advances in broadband communications and networks

1.Millimetre Wave Imaging for Industrial Applications / Andrew Maclean -- 2.A 500-700 GHz System ... more 1.Millimetre Wave Imaging for Industrial Applications / Andrew Maclean -- 2.A 500-700 GHz System for Exploring the THz Frequency Regime / Jia Du -- 3.190 GHz Millimetre-wave Imaging using MMIC-based Heterodyne Receivers / John W. Archer -- 4.W-Band GaAS Schottky Diode MMIC Mixers for Multi-Gigabit Wireless Communications / Leigh Stokes -- 5.Implementation of a Gigabit per Second Millimeter Wave Transceiver on CMOS / E. Skafidas -- 6.Power Allocation for the MMSE Feedback Precoder on Multi-Antenna Broadcast Channels / Jinhong Yuan -- 7.Selective Detection for MIMO-OFDM Transmission / Mark Hedley -- 8.Ultra Wideband Systems -- A Research Overview / Jian (Andrew) Zhang -- 9.Robust Integer Frequency Offset Estimation for OFDM System / Young-Hwan You -- 10.Experimental Comparison of Two Automotive Radars for Use on an Autonomous Vehicle / David Johnson -- 11.On the Range-Data Rate Performance of Outdoor UWB Communication / Homayoun Nikookar -- 12.A Network Controlled QoS Model over the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core / Thomas Magedanz -- 13.Vertical Handoffs in Fourth Generation Wireless Networks / Johnson I. Agbinya -- 14.Methodology and Initial Analysis Results for Development of Non-invasive and Hybrid Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems / Saroj Lal -- 15.Using Spectral Analysis to Extract Frequency Components from Electroencephalography: Application for Fatigue Countermeasure in Train Drivers / Evangelos Bekiaris -- 16.Risk and Vulnerability Assessment of Secure Autonomic Communication Networks / Robin Braun -- 17.Intelligent Techniques Based RF Based Human Localization in Indoor Environment / Bashar Ramadanny.425 page(s

A Highly Accurate Algorithm for the Estimation of the Frequency of a Complex Exponential in Additive Gaussian Noise

A new algorithm for the precise estimation of the frequency of a complex exponential signal ill a... more A new algorithm for the precise estimation of the frequency of a complex exponential signal ill additive, complex, white Gaussian noise Is presented. The algorithm has low computational complexity and is well suited for numerous real time applications. The DIT based algorithm performs an initial coarse frequency estimation using the peak search of an N point complex Fast Fourier Transform. The algorithm forms a frequency estimate using a functional mapping from two modified DIT coefficients which are one half DIT frequency bin below and above largest magnitude FFT coefficient. Recursion is used to provide frequencies of the modified DFT coefficients which minimize the variance of the frequency estimation error. For large N and large signal to noise ratio, the frequency estimation error variance obtained is 0.063 dB above the Cramer-Rae Bound. This excellent performance is achieved with low computational complexity. The algorithm provides exact frequency determination in the noiseless case.

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LTE/Wi-Fi Coordination in Unlicensed Bands: An SD-RAN Approach

In this article, we experimentally measure the throughput performance of a Wi-Fi, 802.11n, networ... more In this article, we experimentally measure the throughput performance of a Wi-Fi, 802.11n, network when it is affected by LTE downlink transmissions. Our practical approach is based on a modular experimental test-bed. We initially compare our measurement results with the case without LTE interference; and further discuss that even the 3GPP features cannot guarantee coexistence in all cases and this might hamper the practicality of mobile technology in the unlicensed radio spectrum. For this reason, we enhance our test-bed introducing the Software-Defined Radio Access Network (SD-RAN) controller 5G-EmPOWER. Thus borrowing from the higher agility of software-defined networking. By using the SD-RAN control to adaptively tune LTE-eNB downlink transmission parameters, we experimentally prove the validity of this approach to improve Wi-Fi network throughput, as well as we shed light onto the new potentials that the SD-RAN controller can lead to automate network optimization.

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A simple and highly effective SSDF attacks mitigation method

This paper presents a method to alleviate spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks in c... more This paper presents a method to alleviate spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks in cognitive radio networks. Spectrum sensing data falsification attacks have been identified as an important unsolved security issue in cognitive radio networks. In essence, SSDF attackers target co-operated spectrum sensing networks. Malicious users send out falsified information about spectrum sensing results (whether a channel is idle or not) in order to deceive legitimate secondary users. To mitigate against SSDF attacks, we introduce a reputation based scheme. Our method is a distributed scheme, in which each secondary user is responsible for gathering and processing data. A distributed scheme is used to mitigate the effects that shadowing and noise have on local observations. Using a distributed scheme allows secondary users to receive additional information from neighboring secondary users, enabling higher accuracy of results. We base our method on a modified belief propagation algorithm that uses reputation as a weighted scalar. Within the reputation scheme, honest users are rewarded with an increase in their reputation. Dishonest users are punished with a decrease in their reputation. Users with a high reputation have a higher influence on the final decision on whether the channel is in use or not. The method presented in this paper is a simple, highly effective way to mitigate spectrum sensing data falsification attacks. It is able to converge quickly and offers high accuracy identification and mitigation of a malicious node.

Frequency estimation and tracking for low earth orbit satellites

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A single iteration belief propagation algorithm to minimize the effects of primary user emulation attacks

This paper presents a method to alleviate the effects of primary user emulation attacks in cognit... more This paper presents a method to alleviate the effects of primary user emulation attacks in cognitive radio (CR) networks. The proposed method uses a simplified belief propagation (BP) algorithm that is able to identify whether a transmitter is a legitimate primary user or an attacker. In a primary user emulation attack (PUEA) a transmitter impersonates a primary user (PU) in order to deceive secondary users (SU) into believing that a channel is occupied. As a result, secondary users must vacate the channel immediately. This paper presents a simplified belief propagation method as a defence strategy against primary user emulation attacks. In our method each secondary user examines an incoming signal from a transmitter and determines with a certain probability whether the transmitter is a legitimate user or not. This probability is known as the belief. The beliefs at each secondary user are reconciled and a final belief is compared to a predefined threshold. If the final belief is below the threshold, the user is identified as an attacker. If it is above the threshold, the user is deemed a primary user. This result is then propagated throughout the network so that all users on the network are aware of the attacker. In this paper, we present a method based on the belief propagation framework. The proposed method converges in a single iteration; this is the result of a redefined messaging protocol and a simplified belief equation. As a result, the computational complexity of the method is reduced significantly, while still maintaining a high level of accuracy.

Advances in Broadband Communication and Networks

River Publishers eBooks, Sep 1, 2022

An analysis of the error probability of an all digital detector

ABSTRACT

General Organising Committee

Darkening Low-Earth Orbit Satellite Constellations: A Review

IEEE Access, 2022

The proliferation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites and the LEO satellite internet will be a ga... more The proliferation of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites and the LEO satellite internet will be a game-changer for the low-latency high-speed global internet. While this new generation of the satellite internet in conjunction with fifth generation network (5G) and sixth generation network (6G) enabled emerging technologies, such as precision farming and smart cities, it will bring new challenges, such as satellite collision, limited satellite lifespan, security concerns, and satellite brightness. This article discusses the satellite brightness caused by LEO constellations that potentially affect the ongoing astronomical studies. It reviews the underlying contributors to the satellite brightness as well as the state-of-the-art technologies proposed to mitigate this emerging challenge.

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Energy Efficient Cooperative HAP-Terrestrial Communication Systems

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011

In this paper we study the energy efficiency of hybrid high altitude platform (HAP) and terrestri... more In this paper we study the energy efficiency of hybrid high altitude platform (HAP) and terrestrial communication systems in the uplink. The applications of HAPs in the recent years have gained significant interest especially for telecommunications. A cooperative relay based communication strategy on the ground with a single source-relay pair is considered for the hybrid HAP-terrestrial system. We show that cooperation on ground between the terrestrial terminals could improve the energy efficiency in the uplink depending on the temporal behavior of the channels. Thus by having cognitive context aware capabilities in the ground terminals one could exploit the spatial domain to improve the energy efficiency. The energy efficiency can be further improved by means of proper power allocation between the terrestrial source and relay nodes. We consider the decode and forward based cooperative system for our study with a constraint on the overall bit error probability to achieve a predefined quality of service. Results show that considerable gain in the energy can be attained by exploiting the spatial domain by means of cooperation.

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Performance analysis of a correlator based maximum likelihood frequency estimator

Efficient pilot carrier acquisition and tracking in detect and avoid signal processing