Papers by Ayşe Gündüz Hoşgör
Bu çalışmada Rapana venosa (rapa deniz salyangozu) nun nasıl metalaştığını ve deniz salyangozu me... more Bu çalışmada Rapana venosa (rapa deniz salyangozu) nun nasıl metalaştığını ve deniz salyangozu metalaşmasının Türkiye’nin Karadeniz bölgesinde yaşayan kırsal toplumu nasıl Japonya pazarına bağladığı araştırılmıştır. Rapa deniz salyangozu Türkiye’den Japonya başta olmak üzere uzak doğu ülkelerine yirmi beş yıldır ihraç edilen bir deniz ürünüdür. Aslında, bu salyangoz Karadeniz’e özgün bir deniz canlı türü değildir ve Türkiye’de tüketilmemektedir. Ayrıca, yakın zamana kadar, Japonya’da da tüketilen bir ürün değildir. Bu araştırma keşifsel bir araştırmadır ve çoklu metod kullanılmıştır. Deniz salyangozunun metalaşmasındaki sosyo-ekonomik süreçte ortaya çıkan küresel-kırsal bağlantı ve onun kırsal toplum üzerindeki etkisini anlamak için 2010-2015 yıllarında Japonya ve Türkiye’de üç aşamalı geniş kapsamlı araştırma gerçekleştirildi. Bu çalışmadaki bulgular, döküman incelemsi, Sinop ve Samsun’da bulunan balık işletme fabrikalarında katılımcı olmayan gözlem, işletme sahipleriyle ve Tokyo’d...
Spring Meeting of the ISA Research Committee 28 on Social Stratification and Mobility, 11 april 2002
Women in the Global Community; A Fulbright conference bridging Academia and Public Policy, 19 sep... more Women in the Global Community; A Fulbright conference bridging Academia and Public Policy, 19 september 2002
Kadın/Woman 2000, Journal for Women's Studies, 2017
In this paper, we examine the process of feminisation of rural work in a case study of women’s em... more In this paper, we examine the process of feminisation of rural work in a case study of women’s employment at a seafood-processing factory in Western Black Sea Turkey. We explore the significance of women’s nonfarm employment to their household economy and how intra-household relations are affected when women participate in paid work. In order to understand the household characteristics and dynamics in relation to the work status of female household members, mixed methods were used for data collection – semi-structured interviews with 218 women and in-depth interviews with 27 women. The data indicate the significance of women’s paid work to rural household economy and also how the paid work has transformed the father-daughter relationship in particular. Recent rural transformation in the context of neoliberal agricultural policy, agricultural decline, and out-migration increased women’s workload. Today, rural household heavily depends on unmarried daughter’s labour regardless of her ...
Journal of Higher Education and Science, 2020
In Turkey, women acquired the right to obtain higher education in 1914. Women's demand for higher... more In Turkey, women acquired the right to obtain higher education in 1914. Women's demand for higher education, the increased number of high schools and the needs of teacher-training schools for girls led to an increase in the number of women in higher education over time. After the nation-building process in 1923, new universities were opened across the country and the number of women in higher education has increased from 22 (0.73%) (in 1914) to 3 675 986 (47.5%) (in 2018-2019). Within this framework, this paper aims to explore how female students' profiles have changed over the last 100 years. What is the social make-up of the female students who enrolled in universities nowadays? What are the differences and/or similarities among women who attended the universities as first women students and those of today? Drawing on the Eurostudent Survey IV (2011), these questions are elaborated regarding women's socio-demographic, family and educational backgrounds. Outcomes are discussed within the context of the modernization history of Turkey.
Sociologia Ruralis, 2019
This article discusses the gender-specific effect of the changing economic structure of mountain ... more This article discusses the gender-specific effect of the changing economic structure of mountain villages in Turkey. Rural women, who are conventionally unpaid family workers, have begun entering into off-farm work due to declining household incomes in recent years. The implications of this for gender relations are found to be contradictory in much recent research. In this study, we employed the concepts of the hybridity of rural communities and the multiplicity of social exclusion in a globalising countryside. We used a qualitative methodology employing multiple sources of data. In addition to in-depth interviews with 27 village women, we conducted semi-structured interviews with village headmen and structured interviews with 218 village women to understand the structural context behind the women's narratives. We found that the dimension of social exclusion varies with gender and age within the community. While middleaged men are increasingly unemployed and have withdrawn into uncompetitive rural life, young women engage in wage work and challenge geographical disadvantages by spending their meagre earnings on transportation and communication technologies. The reconfiguration of marginality within the community, rather than the total marginalisation of villagers, is an ongoing process.
Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2018
Rapana venosa (damarlı rapa deniz salyangozu) Türkiye'de tüketilmeyen ancak Japonya'ya son yirmi ... more Rapana venosa (damarlı rapa deniz salyangozu) Türkiye'de tüketilmeyen ancak Japonya'ya son yirmi beş yıldır ihraç edilen deniz ürünüdür. Bu çalışma, daha önce Japonya'da da tüketilmeyen deniz salyangozunun metalaşma sürecini ve üretim zincirini sosyolojik açıdan incelemektedir. Araştırma keşifseldir; veriler, döküman incelemesi, Sinop ve Samsun'da bulunan balık işleme fabrikalarında katılımcı olmayan gözlem ve fabrika sahipleri ve Tokyo'daki firma yöneticileriyle yapılan mülakatlar yoluyla toplanmıştır. Çalışma, küresel bağlantılar ve eşitsizliklerin son derece karmaşık hale geldiği yenidünya düzeninde, deniz salyangozu ticaretinin Türkiye'deki yoksul üreticiyi Japonya'daki yoksul tüketiciye nasıl bağladığını irdelemektedir.
Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2016
In rural Black Sea communities in Turkey, women are often engaged with paid work to mitigate pove... more In rural Black Sea communities in Turkey, women are often engaged with paid work to mitigate poverty. Rapana Venosa (veined rapa whelk) production is one of the sectors that rural women are especially employed. In this study, gender division of labour in the global production chain of veined rapa whelk and its implication for women's social satus were examined from a feminist perspective. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with owners, managers and women workers of whelkprocessing factories in two villages of Sinop-Dikmen and Samsun-Çarşamba districts and non-participatory observation. Research findings suggest that the flexible global production chain of rapa whelk depends on rural women's informal and cheap labour and thus reproduces the invisibility of women's labour and women's secondary status.
Metu Studies in Development, Aug 8, 2007
In this article, the women-gender and development literature is examined focusing on the strength... more In this article, the women-gender and development literature is examined focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches in explaining the impact of development on women's economic status. My intention is to review the major theoretical orientations in order to compare their understanding of how development affects women's employment. The article starts with issues of development per se, then considers the specific questions related to women's status. The purpose is to identify convergence between the theories and to distinguish alternative interpretations incorporating the concepts of the major theories in the development literature, which could help to understand the evolving economic status of Middle Eastern women.
Toplum Ve Demokrasi Dergisi, Feb 9, 2014
Ozet: Toplumsal cinsiyet ayrimi gozetmeden her bireyin nufusa kayit edilmesi sosyal devletin teme... more Ozet: Toplumsal cinsiyet ayrimi gozetmeden her bireyin nufusa kayit edilmesi sosyal devletin temel gorevidir. Bu kayit idari duzeyde vatandasin var oldugunun daimi ve resmi kanitidir. Her bir bireyin dogumdan itibaren nufus kutuklerine kayit edilmesi, kimlik ve hukuki sahsiyet hakkini ve diger haklarini korumak icin zorunludur. Turkiye’de basta Anayasa olmak uzere Medeni Kanun, Vatandaslik Kanunu ve Nufus Hizmetleri Kanunu ile dogum kaydi ve vatandaslik hakki guvence altina alinmistir. Ancak yasal olusumlara ragmen, kayit altina alin(a)mamis ya da yanlis kayit yuzunden magdur durumda kalmis yurttaslara halen rastlanmaktadir. Bireylerin zamaninda nufus kutuklerine kaydedilmemesi veya yanlis kaydedilmesi egitim, saglik, guvenlik, vatandaslik ve yabancilar hukuku acilarindan onemli sorunlar ortaya cikarmaktadir. Bu ongoruden hareketle, calismada Turkiye’de nufusa kayitla ilgili sorunlarin kimin yasadigi; nufus cuzdani olmayan, gec kayit yaptiran ve hatali beyanda bulunan bireylerin sosyolojik ozelliklerinin neler oldugu irdelendi. Ayrica, nufusa kayitli olmayan veya gec kayit olan vatandaslarin sosyal ve ekonomik acidan nasil dezavantajli bir konuma itildikleri tartisildi. Arastirmada feminist yontembilim izlendi; 2003 yili Turkiye Nufus ve Saglik Arastirmasinin temsili nicel verilerinden hem de konuyla ilgili UNICEF (2007) arastirmasinin nitel verilerden yararlanildi. Calisma bulgulari nufus kaydi ile sorunlar yasayanlarin onemli bir kismini kiz cocuklari ve kadinlar olusturdugunu yansitti. Kadin vatandaslik haklari acisindan nufusa kayit olmama kadinin aile hukuku; resmi nikahin kabulu; cok esliligin yasaklanmasi; evlilik yasinin yasalarca kontrol edilmesi; miras hukukunun kadin haklarini gozeterek olusturulmasi; temel egitime kiz cocuklarinin zorunlu katilimi gibi hukuksal duzenlemelerden yararlanamamasi anlamina gelmektedir. Bu nedenle, kadin insan ve yurttas haklarinin en temel unsurunu olusturan nufusa kayit sorununun giderilmesi, kadinin toplumsal olarak guclendirilmesinin ilk ve en onemli adimini olusturmaktadir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kadin vatandaslik haklari, cocuk haklari, nufusa kayit, nufus cuzdani The Basic Problem in Woman Citizenship Rights: “I Have No Identity Card!” Abstract: Regardless of gender differences, birth registration is one of the distinguishing features of the Social State. The official identity card that verifies the registry is necessary and compulsory for defining citizenship rights, obligations, and services. In Turkey, the right to citizenship through birth registration is guaranteed by the Constitution, the Law on Turkish Citizenship and the Law on Population Registry Services. However, in spite of legal interventions, there are still some people who are not registered, experienced late registry, or a false declaration. Failure in ensuring birth registration may pose problems in terms of lack of education, health and security services. Depending on this conceptualization, this paper explores the grounds leading to problems in birth registration and the sociological characteristics of the groups who do not hold registration, registered late or declared false statements in registration. In addition, the study investigates to what extent those people are socially and economically excluded from society. The paper employs feminist methodology, and uses quantitative data from the Turkish Demographic and Health Survey 2003, and qualitative data from UNICEF 2007 research. The findings indicated that women and girls are the main groups who experienced problems related with the lack of birth registration. This indicates that women are in a disadvantaged position in terms of not practicing the citizenship rights offered by the Family Law (like having the right to practice civil marriage and monogamy) and Inheritance Law, and the right to access education. These inconveniences related with women’s birth registration must be overcome in order to fulfil the women’s citizenship rights and to empower them. Keywords: Women’s citizenship rights, children’s rights, birth registration, official identity card
Ecology and Society, 2015
Choke points are social, cultural, political, institutional, or psychological obstructions of soc... more Choke points are social, cultural, political, institutional, or psychological obstructions of social-ecological systems that constrain progress toward an environmental objective. Using a soft systems methodology, different types of chokes points were identified in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland, the Baltic, and the North and Mediterranean seas. The choke points were of differing types: cultural and political choke points were identified in Barra and the Mediterranean, respectively, whereas the choke points in the North Sea and Baltic Sea were dependent on differing values toward the mitigation of eutrophication. We conclude with suggestions to identify and address choke points.
International Journal of Educational Development, 2006
We study family background effects on participation in primary and secondary education of childre... more We study family background effects on participation in primary and secondary education of children in Turkey using large representative data sets. Educational participation, especially of girls, is found to be still a major concern, with nonenrollment being especially high in the countryside and the eastern part of the country. Parental education, number of siblings, household income, occupation of the father, traditionality of the mother and the mother's ability to speak Turkish are major factors affecting participation. For primary participation of girls, having a mother who has completed primary education and who can speak Turkish is most significant. Traditional gender role attitudes of the mother reduce the girl's chances to get secondary education. For participation of boys, the economic situation of the household is important. Findings indicate that a key role is played by the mothers of the children who are out of school. Reaching this group of mostly illiterate and traditional women is a major challenge for policy makers wanting to improve the situation.
Women's Studies International Forum, 2013
Work in progress Drawing on 24 interviews to single mothers, this study probes into the various c... more Work in progress Drawing on 24 interviews to single mothers, this study probes into the various cultural and structural factors facing single mothers and the strategies they devise to handle the hardship of bringing up a child alone as well as standing up for themselves as single mothers in a patriarchal society. Based on this qualitative sample, results demonstrate that single mothers in this study face numerous challenges ranging from the hardship of maintaining authority in the new family setting they formed; struggling to keep the sense of a complete family; handling negative attitudes to single mothers and to their children. We argue that through the strategies they devised these mothers rebuild their families in line with traditional Turkish family system. We draw on the literature on boundary ambiguity and role ambiguity, as theoretical framework for understanding these women's ambivalence in the process.
Women's Studies International Forum, 2008
Variation in Labor Market Participation of Married Women in Turkey We explore the role of paid wo... more Variation in Labor Market Participation of Married Women in Turkey We explore the role of paid work in women's empowerment in Turkey by analyzing the variation in employment status and occupational position of Turkish women according to socioeconomic and geographic background characteristics, characteristics of their marriage, and gender role attitudes. Being employed is seen as a major instrument in making women less dependent of their families and free them from the suppressing influence of patriarchal ideologies. However, only 35% of married Turkish women is gainfully employed and half of them works as (family) farm worker. Women engaged in the formal economy are more highly educated, have husbands with higher occupations, have fewer children, live in the West and urban areas, are less suppressed by their families and have less traditional gender role attitudes. Not speaking Turkish is a major obstacle to economic independency for ethnic women. Findings basically support the U-curve hypothesis which predicts that with increasing modernization female employment first decreases and then increases, However, the effects of modernization are overshadowed by the strong influence of patriarchal ideology that tends to confine Turkish women to the private domain. The major way out of the web of patriarchal restrictions seems to be via the educational channel.
Women's Studies International Forum, 2011
... of aşiret is by no means given but requires reinforcement by continuous remaking of kinship, ... more ... of aşiret is by no means given but requires reinforcement by continuous remaking of kinship, friendship, and neighbourly relations (Yalçın-Heckmann, 2006: 182). ... Give birth' (Ceren, age 21, Turkish speaker, voluntary migrant from Tatvan, year of migration 1992, a mother of three ...
Ocean & Coastal Management, 2014
ABSTRACT Rapana venosa is a non-indigenous invasive predator on bivalves in the Black Sea. A Rapa... more ABSTRACT Rapana venosa is a non-indigenous invasive predator on bivalves in the Black Sea. A Rapana fishery has developed in the Black Sea since the 1980s, primarily in Turkey and Bulgaria. The Rapana fishery provides a complex management problem with three groups of objectives: 1. Good economic status; 2. Good environmental status and 3. Cost of implementation. To address the various conflicting objectives of this management problem an ecosystem approach was taken to analyze the problem. Stakeholder workshops were set up in Varna (Bulgaria) and Samsun (Turkey) to discuss and evaluate management alternatives based on environmental (MSFD), economic and implementation objectives. Workshops were attended by fishers, factory owners, nature conservation NGOs, biologists and government representatives. In these workshops multi-criteria analysis was used to communicate information on trade-offs between objectives to generate feedback from the stakeholders. This proved useful as a means to retrieve information from the stakeholders and to identify areas of consensus and conflict. Although the process differed substantially between the Bulgarian and Turkish case studies both workshops showed limited conflict between environmental status and socio-economic status. Analysis showed that the real-trade-off was between these two objectives and the cost of implementation both in terms of monetary expense as in terms of resistance from stakeholders.
Demográfia, 2010
ABSTRACT: In this study we try to shed light on changed family structure through the act of divor... more ABSTRACT: In this study we try to shed light on changed family structure through the act of divorce. Divorce reveals much about the nature of family life, particularly the challenges and stresses families face. The increased rate of divorce seen over the last decade is a sign of ...
Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 2011
This article reports on a study of how parental divorce affects the marriage and divorce experien... more This article reports on a study of how parental divorce affects the marriage and divorce experiences of professional women in Turkey. Drawing on the retrospective accounts of eight professional women in relation to their own divorce and those of their parents, this study highlights the role of parental divorce and cultural context in adult children's attitudes, beliefs, and experiences regarding their own union formation. Based on this small qualitative sample, results demonstrate that parental divorce affected women's entire lives, with considerable impact on their commitment to marriage and view of divorce in general. They learn from their parents that marriages can be broken when they do not function properly. As a result, instead of being more patient or selfsacrificing, as is frequently advised to women in Turkish society, the women in this study readily tended toward divorce as a viable solution to marital problems.
Health Care for Women International, 2013
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Papers by Ayşe Gündüz Hoşgör