Papers by Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam
در این مطالعه، بهینه‌سازی سطوح نیتروژن و آبیاری کینوا با استفاده از طرح مرکب مرکزی (CCD) انجام شد... more در این مطالعه، بهینه‌سازی سطوح نیتروژن و آبیاری کینوا با استفاده از طرح مرکب مرکزی (CCD) انجام شد. این آزمایش با 13 تیمار و دو تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 97-1396 اجرا گردید. تیمارها بر اساس سطح پایین و بالای آبیاری (به ترتیب با 2500 و 7500 مترمکعب در هکتار) و نیتروژن (به ترتیب با صفر و 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار) تعیین شدند. عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص‌های کارایی نیتروژن و کارایی مصرف آب بعنوان متغیر وابسته مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفتند و تغییرات این متغیرها با استفاده از مدل رگرسیونی ارزیابی شد. مقادیر بهینه کاربرد نیتروژن و آب برای مقادیر مطلوب متغیرهای وابسته شامل عملکرد دانه، بازیافت نیتروژن، کارایی مصرف نیتروژن و کارایی مصرف آب در سه سناریوی اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و اقتصادی- زیست محیطی بررسی شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با 4/3835 کیلوگرم در هکتار برای مصرف 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن و 7500 مترمکعب در هکتار آبیاری بدست آمد . در سناریوی اقتصادی- زیست‌محیطی کاربرد 90 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و 6000 مترمکعب در هکتار آبیاری موجب حصول کارایی مصر...
علمی پژوهشی زراعت و فناوری زعفران, 2015
Short communication Evaluation of the effects of soil texture on yield and growth of saffron (Cro... more Short communication Evaluation of the effects of soil texture on yield and growth of saffron (Crocus sativus L.
Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science
Zirā̒at va Fanāvarī-i Za̒farān, 2014
Saffron is the most precious spice crop in the world which nowadays has nutritional, medical and ... more Saffron is the most precious spice crop in the world which nowadays has nutritional, medical and industrial importance. Its average yield is 4.83 kg/ha in Iran. The research was conducted to investigate the effect of corm weight and its density on yield and yield components of saffron under soil, hydroponic and plastic tunnel conditions. The effect of three different weights of corm (6-8, 8-10 and more than 10 g) and also three different densities of corm (50, 100 and 150 corms per m²) was investigated in factorial experiment based on CRD with three replications. The traits which were investigated included: number of flower, fresh weight of flower, fresh and dry weight of stigma and style, and economic yield. The results showed that the main effects of bed types. Weight and corm density were significant in all traits. Interactions of bed type and corm weight were significant at 5% except for flower dry weight, and dry weight of stigma + style that were not significant .As well, Inte...
Background: Employing of advanced statistical methods to quantify agricultural information has he... more Background: Employing of advanced statistical methods to quantify agricultural information has helped to carry out targeted planning to alleviate the problems of farmers, researchers and policy section. One of these exploratory methods, is multivariate statistical analysis that examines and models the relationship between variables. Considering the importance of Echium amoenum and its use growing trend in traditional medicine and the pharmaceutical industry, also the lack of information on the correlations between its yield and morpho physiological traits, the objective of this study was to determine the causality path in which the Echium amoenum characteristics affects the yield of Echium amoenum as regards of application of organic and chemical fertilizers under different plant densities.Results: The employed method revealed that organic fertilizers increased flower yield compared with the control. The flower yield as a result of application of compost, vermicompost and cattle man...
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2013
Allelopathic impacts of two crops, sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and caster bean (Ricinus commu... more Allelopathic impacts of two crops, sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) and caster bean (Ricinus communis L.) were evaluated against dodder (Cuscuta compestris) germination properties. Different plants residue, plant parts (root, shoot, leaf and whole plant), various concentrations of aqueous extract and decay durations were employed as study factors under completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement by three replications in this study. The results indicated that germination percentage, germination rate, emergence rate, seedling length of dodder was sharply influenced by sunflower and caster bean residue application. Aqueous extract of sunflower inhibited dodder seed germination more efficiently in comparison with caster bean especially in higher concentrations. Moreover, shoot aqueous extract allelochemicals showed substantial potential to the inhibition of dodder germination in contrast with other parts of plants. However, fresh leaf solid residue indicated great poten...
In order to investigate the effects of plant diversity and nutrient resource on weed composition,... more In order to investigate the effects of plant diversity and nutrient resource on weed composition, density and dry matter, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on complete randomized block design with 3 replications at the Agricultural Research Station, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, during 2006 and 2007. Treatments included manure and chemical fertilizers as main plots and intercropping of 3 soybean varieties (Wiliams, Sahar and Gorgan3), intercropping of 3 Millet species (Common millet, Foxtail millet and Pearl millet), intercropping of Millet, Soybean, Sesame ( Sesamum indicum) and intercropping of Millet, Sesame, Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum) , Ajowan ( Trachyspermum ammi) as sub plots. Result indicated that nutrient resource affected weed dry matter and density. Weed dry matter and density was respectively, 1.3 and 1.8 folds higher in chemical fertilizer compared to manure in first year. In the second year, weed dry matter in manure and chemical fertil...
Rezvani Moghaddam, P., A. Balandari and S.M. Seyyedi. 2015. Effect of plant density and harvest t... more Rezvani Moghaddam, P., A. Balandari and S.M. Seyyedi. 2015. Effect of plant density and harvest time on forage yield of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cv. Grasslands Puna). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 17(2): 104-114. (In Persian). To study the effect of plant density and harvest time on forage yield of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cv. Grasslands Puna), an experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, over two years in 2006 and 2007. Experimental design was split-split plot based on complete randomized block design with three replications. Different plant densities of ‘Grasslands Puna’ chicory (Cichorium intybus L. cv. Grasslands Puna) (10, 20 and 40 plants.m), three harvest time (10% flowering, 50-60% flowering and full flowering) and three cutting frequency (due to plant re-growth) allocated to main, sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. Results showed that10% flowering and full flowering stages of ‘Grasslands Puna’ chicory were achieved at...
Industrial Crops and Products, 2019
In this study the best corm weight (4-6 g as small-sized and 6-8 g as medium-sized corms) and den... more In this study the best corm weight (4-6 g as small-sized and 6-8 g as medium-sized corms) and density (50, 75 and 100 corm m −2) was determined for saffron fields in different ages (1, 2 and 3 years-old). For this purpose, a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications was performed during 3 growing seasons from autumn 2015 up to spring 2018, in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad research site. The highest flower number, flower and stigma yields in one-(21.7 flower per m 2 , 67 and 0.97 kg ha-1 , respectively) and two-years old (70.4 flower per m 2 , 214 and 2.92 kg ha-1 , respectively) fields were obtained from mediumsized and density of 100 corms per m 2 , while in three-years old field, their maximum values (101 flower per m 2 , 302 and 4.09 kg ha-1 , respectively) were gained when medium-sized corms were planted at density of 75 corms per m 2. The priority of corm weight in lower corm densities was higher, so that, flower yield in medium sized corms was 2.43, 1.87 and 1.62 times more than small-sized corm in 50, 75 and 100 corms per m 2 densities, respectively. Corm weight was prior to corm density, so that, planting of 3.5-ton ha-1 medium-sized corm with density of 50 corms per m 2 , was produced more flower than planting of 5-ton ha-1 small-sized corm with density of 100 corms per m 2 (47.5 vs. 36.7 flower per m 2 and 1.99 vs. 1.50 kg ha-1 dry stigma). Corm weight preference in one-and two-years old fields were more than three-years old filed, where larger corms increased flower yield by 1.94, 2.15 and 1.75 times compared with small-sized ones in mentioned fields, respectively. Mean replacement corm weight and number of large replacement corms (> 9 g) decreased when small-sized mother corms were planted and when the farm became elderly. The highest replacement corm yield (52.8-ton ha-1) and number (2034 NO. m −2) were obtained when medium-sized mother corms were planted at density of 100 corms per m 2 and remained in field for three years. Overall, the corm harvesting from one-year-old field was preferable in terms of mean corm weight and production of larger replacement corms.
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2018
Corm size is the most important factor in production of replacement corms and flower yield of saf... more Corm size is the most important factor in production of replacement corms and flower yield of saffron. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nutrition and irrigation managements on saffron corms characteristics in the experimental field of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013-2015. The experiment was carried out as split-split plot based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with 18 treatments and three replications. Experimental factors were: 1-superabsorbent (SA) [application and no-application of superabsorbent (non-SA)], 2-irrigation intervals [irrigation every 2, 3 and 4 weeks] and 3-nutrition management [humic acid, mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) and control]. The results showed that the highest total weight of replacement corms per clone in sum of two years was obtained in non-SA application, two weeks irrigation intervals and humic acid treatment. The corm/tunic weight ratio decreased by increasing the irrigation intervals and this index in two weeks irrigation intervals was 31% more than four weeks irrigation intervals. Application of nutritional treatments increased the number of saffron replacement corms per clone in all of the weight categories (0-3, 3-6, 6-9 and more than 9 g) on averaged 5, 40, 36 and 25%, respectively compared with control treatment in both years. Results showed that the replacement corms yield in large weight groups was on average 34% higher in the second year than the first year. Finally, application of SA, organic and bio fertilizers and four weeks irrigation intervals improved most of criteria and yield of saffron replacement corms.
Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2011
Efficient use of energy helps to achieve improved production and productivity, and contributes to... more Efficient use of energy helps to achieve improved production and productivity, and contributes to economy, profitability and competitiveness of agricultural sustainability. The aim of the present study was to compare open field and greenhouse tomato production systems in terms of energy efficiency, energy intensiveness, energy productivity, benefit to cost ratio and amount of renewable and non-renewable energy uses. Data were collected from 128 and 16 open field and greenhouse tomato growers, respectively, by using a face-to-face questionnaire in 2010. The results showed that the total energy requirement under open field and greenhouse systems were 47647.12 and 2102678.73 MJ ha-1, respectively. The share of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable energies from total energy input which average in open field and greenhouse production systems were 74%, 26%, 17% and 83%, respectively. Energy use efficiency was achieved 1.42 and 0.18 in open field and greenhouse, respectively. The ...
Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 2015
In order to study the effect of the magnetic field, hydro-priming and salinity stress on the seed... more In order to study the effect of the magnetic field, hydro-priming and salinity stress on the seed germination characteristics of Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) an experiment in factorial in the form of completely randomized design was executed. Treatments contain two levels of hydro-priming (soaking seeds in distilled water for 24hours and use the dry seed) seven levels of magnetic field treatment (50mT and 100mT for 20, 40 and 60 minutes and control treatment without magnetic field exposure). And 3 potential levels of salinity (0, 150 and 300mM NaCl) induced from Sodium chloride (NaCl). Results showed that the percentage of germination, the mean germination time, coefficient of germination, normal number of seedling, plumule length, radicle length, seedling length, vigor index, plumule fresh weight, radicle fresh weight and seedling fresh weight at the 5% level were significant. Hydro-priming improved the evaluated characteristics. Also according to the obtained results it was determined that increasing the concentration of NaCl, reduced the amount and growth of these characteristics. The results of the effects of the magnetic field also suggested that these effects were different under the strength and duration of the exposure. So that the treatments 50mT and 100mT for 20minutes, increased vigor index and seedling fresh weight by 6 and 10 percent respectively in comparison with control treatment.
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2016
Phosphorus (P) sufficiency during seed formation and development can affect the quality of seeds ... more Phosphorus (P) sufficiency during seed formation and development can affect the quality of seeds production. For increasing P content of black seed (Nigella sativa) in a calcareous soil, series of experiments were conducted in completely randomized factorial design with 4 replications at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2012 and 2013. The combinations of vermicompost (V), sulfur (S), and Thiobacillus bacteria (T) were mixed with a calcareous soil fertilized with 0, 30 and 60 kg P ha ¡1 in pots and incubated for 63 days. At the end of incubation period, black seeds were sown in the pots and plants were grown to maturity. Results showed that SCT and V treatments were significantly increased soil available P, emergence, plant P content, seed yield and vigor of the seeds production. There were positive relationship between soil and plant P concentration with the quality of seeds production.
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2017
Essential oil content and concentration of anise plant planted in different times under various s... more Essential oil content and concentration of anise plant planted in different times under various sources of nitrogen was evaluated in this study. The experiment was conducted in a split plot based on a randomized complete block (RCB) design (different sources of fertilizer as the main plot and planting dates as subplots) with three replications in the Agricultural Research Station at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2015-2016. Treatments included: planting times (sub plot factor): (27 th of October, 27 th of November, 1 st of March, 10 th of March, and 8 th of April) and nutritional sources (main plot factor): (Cow Manure, Chemical Fertilizer, and mixture of Cow Manure + Chemical Fertilizer). The results showed that the anise plant essential oil qualitative characteristics were significantly influenced by treatments. Also, interaction between the fertilizer treatments and planting dates on the essential oil content and concentration of the plants were significant. The highest percentage of plant essential oil (3.71%) was found in the cow manure treatment, and the lowest percentage of essential oil (2.95%) was obtained in the chemical fertilizer. The highest essential oil yield (16.09 kg/ha) was found in the mixed treatment of the cow manure and the chemical fertilizer, and the chemical fertilizer treatment had the lowest rate of essential oil yield (11.41 kg/ha). The highest percentages of the plant oil (14.31%) and the plant oil yield (77.46 kg/ha) were found in the integrated treatment of the cow manure and the chemical fertilizers. The lowest amounts of the plant oil (12.19%) and the plant oil yield (41.28 kg/ha) were found in the chemical fertilizer. According to the percentage and the yield of the essential oil, the best planting time and fertilizer treatment was the one on 10th of March and using integrated cow manure and chemical fertilizer.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias
In order to evaluate the effect of irrigation intervals and cattle manure levels on morphological... more In order to evaluate the effect of irrigation intervals and cattle manure levels on morphological traits, essential oil content and yield of oregano, an experiment was conducted at the experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran. The experimental design was split-plots, arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replications. Main plots including irrigation intervals (1, 2 and 3 weeks) and four levels of cattle manure at 0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha-1 were allocated to sub plots. Our results showed that increasing irrigation intervals reduced values of all morphological traits except for proportion of stems. Also, values for stems number, plant spread, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh and dry herb yield increased by increasing cattle manure levels. On the other hand, morphological traits not influenced by interaction of treatments except for plant spread and leaf area. The highest essential oil content (2.07%) and yield (66.62 kg ha-1) obtained in highest ...
Horticultural Plant Journal, 2016
The combination of the relatively open plant canopy and slow growth, especially at early growth s... more The combination of the relatively open plant canopy and slow growth, especially at early growth stages, results in lower competitiveness of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) than weeds. Thus, weed interference is known as an important factor affecting black seed yield. Therefore, to determine the critical period of weed control and its effects on nutrients uptake of black seed field experiments were conducted in 2011 and 2012. Two quantitative series of weed removal treatments including weed-infested and weed-free treatments were implemented from black seed emergence to maturity harvest. To determine critical period of weed control, plots were weed-infested or weed-free for 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 days after emergence, in weed-infested and weed-free treatments, respectively. The results revealed that N, P and K contents in weed tissues significantly increased with increasing weed-infested periods during both years of the experiment. The reduction in grain and oil yield due to longer periods of weed-infested conditions or shorter periods of weed-free conditions were accompanied by simultaneous reduction of N, P and K uptake in black seed grains and tissues. Overall, N, P and K contents in weed tissue were found to be 1.8 to 2 times higher than that of black seed. It was concluded that 58 or 49 days weed-free periods are required to avoid yield loss (above 5% or 10%) in black seed.
Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 2016
The widespread transition into intensive agroecosystems has led to a considerable decline in plan... more The widespread transition into intensive agroecosystems has led to a considerable decline in plant biodiversity especially for organisms in the field boundaries. The aim of this study was to survey the vegetation of fields and field boundary types located in an agricultural landscape. We provided the structural map of the landscape and classified it into field boundary types nested in three main groups of natural and seminatural elements. Species recorded in all habitat types were categorized into two emergent groups based on their response to land use intensification: 1) agrotolerant species (AT) and 2) high nature-value species (NV). We analyzed the effect of landscape structure and soil physicochemical properties on species richness of these groups. We found both landscape structure and soil properties significant in explaining variation among AT and NV species richness both at 2-m-×-2m and landscape scales. The most overall species richness was recorded for agricultural fields (43 species) followed by non-crop field edges (37). Woody green veins and permanent ditches were the elements providing high NV species richness clearly, while fields and other field boundary types were mostly supporters of AT species richness. Diversity of AT species increased along nitrogen and clay content gradients of the soil, while NV species benefited where phosphorus and soil moisture content were high. We recommend agricultural landscapes to be more specified with (semi-)natural habitats which embed high a proportion of rare weeds as nature-value plant species.
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016
Medicinal and aromatic plants are looked upon not only as a source of affordable health care prod... more Medicinal and aromatic plants are looked upon not only as a source of affordable health care products but also as a source of income. As demand for organic products is increasing rapidly in the world market, adoption of ecological farming approaches would be a feasible option. The objective of this study was to determine the intercropping effect of cumin with saffron, with the aim to select a suitable density of cumin for row intercropping in saffron production. This experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 growing seasons. Additive intercropping series were 100% saffron+20% cumin, 100% saffron + 40% cumin, 100% saffron + 60% cumin, 100% saffron + 80% cumin, 100% saffron + 100% cumin and their monoculture. The results showed that the effect of additive intercropping series of cumin was significant (p≤0.01) on flower yield and dried weight of stigma of saffron. The highest dried weight of stigma was observed in saffron monoculture with 2.77 g m-2. Among the additive intercropping series with cumin, the maximum was obtained from 100% saffron + 60% cumin with 1.98 g m-2. However, crocin, picrocrocin and safranal contents were not significantly affected by intercropping ratios with cumin.
Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad is a rare and highly endangered ethnomedicinal plant of the Lamiaceae ... more Nepeta binaludensis Jamzad is a rare and highly endangered ethnomedicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family which grows in the northeast of Iran. A field experiment was conducted with biennial cultivation of the plant in 2006 and 2007 at the University of Mashhad to evaluate its domestication performance. Different experiments were set up to clarify the effects of cultivation on the establishment, phenology, yield and the morphological and phytochemical properties of the plant. These experiments included irrigation intervals (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), cow manure application (10, 20, 30 and 40 t/ha) and row spacing of 50 and 75 cm and in-row spacing of 25 and 50 cm. The results indicated that N. binaludensis can be well established in an agricultural system. The highest biomass (1 105 g•m-2), plant height (50 cm), plant diameter (48 cm), essential oil yield (5.1 g•m-2) and 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone concentration (14.8 %) were observed at an irrigation interval of 7 days in the second year of the study. The highest amount of eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) was obtained at an irrigation interval of 21 days in both years of the study. The effects of cow manure on biomass, essential oil content and chemical components were not statistically significant. The whole growth period of N. binaludensis was nearly 206-214 days which was equivalent to 2 792-2 826 growing degree days (GDD). Plant distances did not affect the biomass and essential oil content significantly.
Industrial Crops and Products, 2015
In order to investigate the effects of sulfur (S) oxidation and vermicompost (V) application on b... more In order to investigate the effects of sulfur (S) oxidation and vermicompost (V) application on black seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil yield and its nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, a two-year field experiment was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran in a calcareous soil during 2013 and 2014. A randomized complete block design arranged in factorial with four replications was used to analyze 12 treatments. The calcareous soil amendments (control, V + Thiobacillus thiooxidans (T), S + T and V + S + T) and three levels of P (0, 30 and 60 kg ha −1) were considered as the first and the second experimental factors, respectively. All calcareous soil amendments (V+ T, S+ T and V + S + T) caused a significant reduction in soil pH, and a significant increase in electrical conductivity (EC). In addition, calcareous soil amendments showed a considerable effect on soil available P content. The highest grain, oil and essential oil yields were obtained from V + S + T treatment. The soil amendments significantly increased N and P concentration in plants and improved P harvest index. Although a positive correlation was observed between P and N concentration, there was a negative correlation between grain yield and P use efficiency. It seems that any approach that would allocate more P to seeds, during seed development on the mother plants, would increase final yield in black seed.
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Papers by Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam