Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailabilit... more Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailability of nutrients and improvement of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The increasing demand for medicinal plants necessitates extensive research on them for sustainable agricultural development. In order to assess the effects of different levels of humic acid, compost and phosphorus (P) on growth traits and some micronutrients' uptake by basil medicinal plant (Ocimum basiilicum L.) a factorial experiment was conducted in 2011 using a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three levels of humic acid (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil; H 1 , H 2 and H 3 , respectively), three levels of urban waste compost (0, 5 and 10 ton/ha; C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , respectively) and three levels of P (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil, as triple super phosphate, P 1 , P 2 and P 3 , respectively). After harvesting the plants, parameters such as dry weight of aerial parts, number of lateral branches, plant height and concentration and uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in aerial parts were measured. Results showed that the effects of humic acid (at H 2 and H 3 levels) and compost (at C 2 and C 3 levels) were significant on height, number of lateral branches and shoot dry weight, as compared to control; but these two levels did not have significant difference. Interaction of humic acid and compost, along with P, on plant height, number of lateral branches and dry weight of shoots was not significant. Application of humic acid and compost increased significantly the concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant shoots, and availability of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil was increased with the application of organic fertilizers. Interaction of humic acid and compost on concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and soil was significant. In interaction of humic acid and compost with P, the application of P reduced concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and their availability in soil. But, study of these interactions showed that application of organic fertilizers can somehow improve the negative effects of P on availability of these elements, and therefore, application of these fertilizers is recommended for improving soil chemical conditions and enhancement of growth traits of basil plant.
Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailabilit... more Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailability of nutrients and improvement of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The increasing demand for medicinal plants necessitates extensive research on them for sustainable agricultural development. In order to assess the effects of different levels of humic acid, compost and phosphorus (P) on growth traits and some micronutrients' uptake by basil medicinal plant (Ocimum basiilicum L.) a factorial experiment was conducted in 2011 using a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three levels of humic acid (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil; H 1 , H 2 and H 3 , respectively), three levels of urban waste compost (0, 5 and 10 ton/ha; C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , respectively) and three levels of P (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil, as triple super phosphate, P 1 , P 2 and P 3 , respectively). After harvesting the plants, parameters such as dry weight of aerial parts, number of lateral branches, plant height and concentration and uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in aerial parts were measured. Results showed that the effects of humic acid (at H 2 and H 3 levels) and compost (at C 2 and C 3 levels) were significant on height, number of lateral branches and shoot dry weight, as compared to control; but these two levels did not have significant difference. Interaction of humic acid and compost, along with P, on plant height, number of lateral branches and dry weight of shoots was not significant. Application of humic acid and compost increased significantly the concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant shoots, and availability of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil was increased with the application of organic fertilizers. Interaction of humic acid and compost on concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and soil was significant. In interaction of humic acid and compost with P, the application of P reduced concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and their availability in soil. But, study of these interactions showed that application of organic fertilizers can somehow improve the negative effects of P on availability of these elements, and therefore, application of these fertilizers is recommended for improving soil chemical conditions and enhancement of growth traits of basil plant.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Nov 21, 2012
To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sa... more To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sandy clay loam soil, a field experiment was carried out as a complete block design with three replications. The treatments in this research consisted of control (B), 10 ton ha-1 gypsum (G), 10 ton ha-1 urban solid compost (C), three levels of vinyl alcohol acrylic acid (
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Nov 21, 2012
To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sa... more To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sandy clay loam soil, a field experiment was carried out as a complete block design with three replications. The treatments in this research consisted of control (B), 10 ton ha-1 gypsum (G), 10 ton ha-1 urban solid compost (C), three levels of vinyl alcohol acrylic acid (
Soil quality indicators are measurable soil attributes that reveal the soil productivity response... more Soil quality indicators are measurable soil attributes that reveal the soil productivity response or soil-environment functionality that are used to know whether soil quality is improving, remain constant, or declining. These characteristics could be assessed by different indices such as sustainability index approach (SI) based on the threshold levels of soil indicators and cumulative rating approach (CR) based on crop production limitations, which show the sustainability of soil ecosystem in terms of soil degradation. Since Iran is situated in arid and semi-arid climatic conditions, this research was conducted in agriculture fields of southeast of Mashhad, Iran for comparing these two approaches. Sixty three soil samples (0-30 cm) were collected and nine soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil particle-size distribution, available water holding capacity (AWHC), bulk density (BD), air capacity (AC), relative field capacity (RFC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were measured. All these measurements were considered as total data set (TDS). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to select more effective indicators to conform the minimum data set (MDS). There was a strong correlation between SI and CR (R 2 =0.69, p <0.05). Only six soil indicators selected as MDS (pH, SOC, AWC, BD and SAR) were correlated (p<0.01) significantly with SI and CR. These SI and CR results showed more promising effects on soil sustainability. PCA was found a suitable method for selecting the more effective indicators having R 2 = 0.77 (p <0.05) (CR-MDS versus CR-TDS) comparable with R 2 = 0.80 (p <0.05) (CR-MDS versus SI) to use less soil data input in assessing soil quality in arid zone.
Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailabilit... more Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailability of nutrients and improvement of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The increasing demand for medicinal plants necessitates extensive research on them for sustainable agricultural development. In order to assess the effects of different levels of humic acid, compost and phosphorus (P) on growth traits and some micronutrients' uptake by basil medicinal plant (Ocimum basiilicum L.) a factorial experiment was conducted in 2011 using a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three levels of humic acid (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil; H 1 , H 2 and H 3 , respectively), three levels of urban waste compost (0, 5 and 10 ton/ha; C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , respectively) and three levels of P (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil, as triple super phosphate, P 1 , P 2 and P 3 , respectively). After harvesting the plants, parameters such as dry weight of aerial parts, number of lateral branches, plant height and concentration and uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in aerial parts were measured. Results showed that the effects of humic acid (at H 2 and H 3 levels) and compost (at C 2 and C 3 levels) were significant on height, number of lateral branches and shoot dry weight, as compared to control; but these two levels did not have significant difference. Interaction of humic acid and compost, along with P, on plant height, number of lateral branches and dry weight of shoots was not significant. Application of humic acid and compost increased significantly the concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant shoots, and availability of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil was increased with the application of organic fertilizers. Interaction of humic acid and compost on concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and soil was significant. In interaction of humic acid and compost with P, the application of P reduced concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and their availability in soil. But, study of these interactions showed that application of organic fertilizers can somehow improve the negative effects of P on availability of these elements, and therefore, application of these fertilizers is recommended for improving soil chemical conditions and enhancement of growth traits of basil plant.
Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailabilit... more Organic matters are important soil components which have considerable effects on phytoavailability of nutrients and improvement of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The increasing demand for medicinal plants necessitates extensive research on them for sustainable agricultural development. In order to assess the effects of different levels of humic acid, compost and phosphorus (P) on growth traits and some micronutrients' uptake by basil medicinal plant (Ocimum basiilicum L.) a factorial experiment was conducted in 2011 using a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments consisted of three levels of humic acid (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil; H 1 , H 2 and H 3 , respectively), three levels of urban waste compost (0, 5 and 10 ton/ha; C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , respectively) and three levels of P (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg of soil, as triple super phosphate, P 1 , P 2 and P 3 , respectively). After harvesting the plants, parameters such as dry weight of aerial parts, number of lateral branches, plant height and concentration and uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in aerial parts were measured. Results showed that the effects of humic acid (at H 2 and H 3 levels) and compost (at C 2 and C 3 levels) were significant on height, number of lateral branches and shoot dry weight, as compared to control; but these two levels did not have significant difference. Interaction of humic acid and compost, along with P, on plant height, number of lateral branches and dry weight of shoots was not significant. Application of humic acid and compost increased significantly the concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant shoots, and availability of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in soil was increased with the application of organic fertilizers. Interaction of humic acid and compost on concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and soil was significant. In interaction of humic acid and compost with P, the application of P reduced concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in plant and their availability in soil. But, study of these interactions showed that application of organic fertilizers can somehow improve the negative effects of P on availability of these elements, and therefore, application of these fertilizers is recommended for improving soil chemical conditions and enhancement of growth traits of basil plant.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Nov 21, 2012
To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sa... more To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sandy clay loam soil, a field experiment was carried out as a complete block design with three replications. The treatments in this research consisted of control (B), 10 ton ha-1 gypsum (G), 10 ton ha-1 urban solid compost (C), three levels of vinyl alcohol acrylic acid (
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Nov 21, 2012
To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sa... more To study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sandy clay loam soil, a field experiment was carried out as a complete block design with three replications. The treatments in this research consisted of control (B), 10 ton ha-1 gypsum (G), 10 ton ha-1 urban solid compost (C), three levels of vinyl alcohol acrylic acid (
Soil quality indicators are measurable soil attributes that reveal the soil productivity response... more Soil quality indicators are measurable soil attributes that reveal the soil productivity response or soil-environment functionality that are used to know whether soil quality is improving, remain constant, or declining. These characteristics could be assessed by different indices such as sustainability index approach (SI) based on the threshold levels of soil indicators and cumulative rating approach (CR) based on crop production limitations, which show the sustainability of soil ecosystem in terms of soil degradation. Since Iran is situated in arid and semi-arid climatic conditions, this research was conducted in agriculture fields of southeast of Mashhad, Iran for comparing these two approaches. Sixty three soil samples (0-30 cm) were collected and nine soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil particle-size distribution, available water holding capacity (AWHC), bulk density (BD), air capacity (AC), relative field capacity (RFC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were measured. All these measurements were considered as total data set (TDS). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to select more effective indicators to conform the minimum data set (MDS). There was a strong correlation between SI and CR (R 2 =0.69, p <0.05). Only six soil indicators selected as MDS (pH, SOC, AWC, BD and SAR) were correlated (p<0.01) significantly with SI and CR. These SI and CR results showed more promising effects on soil sustainability. PCA was found a suitable method for selecting the more effective indicators having R 2 = 0.77 (p <0.05) (CR-MDS versus CR-TDS) comparable with R 2 = 0.80 (p <0.05) (CR-MDS versus SI) to use less soil data input in assessing soil quality in arid zone.
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