International Journals Papers by ASHISH H . MAKWANA
International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 2021
Construction industry is complex in nature and construction projects in India face many challenge... more Construction industry is complex in nature and construction projects in India face many challenges and complex issues, such as time, cost, safety, quality and stakeholder satisfaction. According to Construction scenario there are various factors that affecting the residential project. These review paper shows the selection of criteria based on by giving the importance to other researcher's research. The criteria were curtailed down according to literature review studied in this paper, interaction with stakeholder which are Engineers, Project managers, Architects, Consultants, Developers and educational experts, of Surat and Vadodara city in Gujarat.
International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews (IJRPR), 2021
This paper provides a review of research advances and trends in the area of thin shell structures... more This paper provides a review of research advances and trends in the area of thin shell structures. The art of building thin-shell structures has been with us since ancient times. In practical civil engineering, the necessity of covering large column free open areas with shell surfaces is often an issue. Over the course of time, this shell form became very popular to engineers due to a number of advantages it offers, and started drawing the attention of a number of researchers. A thin shell is a term not in itself as readily understandable by the layman as the terms dome or vault would be. It is in a sense a word coined on the basis of its structural connotations, as exhibited in the artifacts it creates. There are many interesting aspects of the use of shells in engineering, but one alone stands out as being of paramount importance: it is the structural aspect. At the beginning of this century, under the i nfluence of the art movement and the dominance of industrialized building materials, any remnants of curvilinear architecture were mercilessly banished. Within that period avant-garde art emphatically proclaimed a total repudiation of the traditions and classical revivals that in architecture were symbolized mostly by arches and vaults. Readyto-use rectilinear steel beams and columns and easy-to build rectilinear concrete forms struck a lethal blow to the curvilinear approach in architecture. Rectilinearity became synonymous with rationality, while curvilinearity came to symbolize decadence. Remember, for instance, the negative stigma given to the baroque for its assumed pomposity in glorifying curves. In practical terms such an attitude in design is clearly manifested in the present cityscapes that are totally free of arches, domes, shells, and any other form that is not rectilinear. With today"s almost unlimited computer technology and the knowledge that can be gained from understanding the domes and vaults built both in the past and present, it is hoped that this research work on the review aspects of curvilinear forms will contribute to further exploration and encourage the application of thin shells by the engineers and architects to whom it is addressed. Masonry domes, concrete shells, and large steel contemporary domes are presented in historical terms as case studies and in conceptual terms from the architectural and structural point of view.
Utilization of Industrial Waste in Cement Mortar: A Review, 2019
The effective utilization of different industrial waste materials like ceramic waste, Fly Ash, Ri... more The effective utilization of different industrial waste materials like ceramic waste, Fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash (RHA), silica fume, hypo sludge, quarry dust, sewage sludge ash, Ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), as partial replacement of cement and sand in cement mortar. By using Different industrial waste materials replacing with cement or sand can reduce the cost. The study is helpful for various resource persons involved in construction industry to develop sustainable and eco-friendly construction materials. Utilization of such waste and it application for eco-friendly and sustainable development of the construction industry is the most efficient solution, possible alternative solution of safe disposal of such waste & also address the high value application of such waste.
Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 2019
In any construction brick masonry is very much of used to make a walling units and in that cement... more In any construction brick masonry is very much of used to make a walling units and in that cement mortar is one of the important ingredients it makes up as little as 7% of total volume of brick masonry. Brick masonry also prevent moisture and air penetration so in short cement mortar is very much of use in brick masonry so if change certain amount of cement with any other material which is less in cost than cement. The other material reduces the danger to the environment so it is essential to check that how much amount of cement is replaced by various materials. In India carbon black powder are generated from the different rubber industries. This waste, causing major environmental problem due to their disposal. The goal of this study is to replace the cement by carbon black powder to reduce the waste. In this study the different proportion of carbon black powder replaced with cement is 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% by weight. The compressive strength test carried out at 7, 14 and 28 days and water absorption test is carried out in 28 days. As a result, this investigation work is done on mortar for optimum proportion of the partial replacement of cement by carbon black powder.
Analysis of Risk Categories and Factors for PPP Projects using Analytic Hierarchy Process, 2019
Success of Public Private Partnership projects is greatly influenced by proper management of the ... more Success of Public Private Partnership projects is greatly influenced by proper management of the risks associated with the project. All projects which are undertaken using conventional procurement method or using a PPP approach have known risks and unknown risks. Risk identification plays an important role in development of PPP framework. The participation and investment of Private sector has been the main stay of the Government of India policy toward infrastructural growth. In this study main risk categories and factors of Public Private Partnership projects have been recognized. A total of 7 risk categories and 31 risk sub-factors for each category were identified for PPP projects safety listed under subheads. The questionnaire was prepared on the basis of literature review and was filled by 100 Stakeholders namely Consultant/Client, Project Manager/ Contractor, Engineer. Generally Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is widely used as multi criteria decision making. Normally it is very hard to meet the consistence need of a comparison matrix in analytic hierarchy process. In this study AHP is used to categories the risks of PPP projects in different levels and the impact of those risks on the PPP projects are identified.
Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 2019
Success of Public Private Partnership projects is greatly influenced by proper management of the ... more Success of Public Private Partnership projects is greatly influenced by proper management of the risks associated with the project. All projects which are undertaken using conventional procurement method or using a PPP approach have known risks and unknown risks. Risk identification plays an important role in development of PPP framework. The participation and investment of Private sector has been the main stay of the Government of India policy toward infrastructural growth. In this study main risk categories and factors of Public Private Partnership projects have been recognized. The identification of collective influence of risks and its variation over numerous PPP projects is been done. Generally Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is widely used as multi criteria decision making. Normally it is very hard to meet the consistence need of a comparison matrix in analytic hierarchy process. In this study AHP is used to categories the risks of PPP projects in different levels and the impact of those risks on the PPP projects are identified.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science, 2019
This paper gives information about identification of risk factors and perceptions of Indian const... more This paper gives information about identification of risk factors and perceptions of Indian construction practitioners i.e., contractors, owners, project managers and Engineers on the importance of different construction risks and how the risks should be assigned between the different parties of the contract. As the very common project styles, construction projects have so many characteristics likewise time limitation, specific items, financial restrictions and requirements, extraordinary structural and legal situations, complexity features. For this situation every construction project has own complex method. Risks constantly happen at construction projects and frequently cause time overrun or cost overrun. If you don't contemplate these risk factors, or neglect the main factors, these risk factors will affect the damage because of the managerial errors. Risk management is the process which covers to identify the risks, for assessment with the help of qualitatively and quantitatively, to response with appropriate technique for management and controlling. The concept has gain popularity in various industries. Various companies frequently found the method in their projects for upgrading their performance, reducing their losses and increasing their profits. Questionnaire survey among clients, contractors, engineers and architects is analysed using, Relative Importance Index (RII)) method. The focus of this study is to understand what Risk Management is, understand the process of risk management at construction project and have depth knowledge on the use of risk management in high-rise construction projects.
Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 2019
This paper gives information about identification of risk factors and perceptions of Indian const... more This paper gives information about identification of risk factors and perceptions of Indian construction practitioners i.e., contractors, owners, project managers and Engineers on the importance of different construction risks and how the risks should be assigned between the different parties of the contract. As the very common project styles, construction projects have so many characteristics likewise time limitation, specific items, financial restrictions and requirements, extraordinary structural and legal situations, complexity features. For this situation every construction project has own complex method. Risks constantly happen at construction projects and frequently cause time overrun or cost overrun. If you don't contemplate these risk factors, or neglect the main factors, these risk factors will affect the damage because of the managerial errors. Risk management is the process which covers to identify the risks, for assessment with the help of qualitatively and quantitatively, to response with appropriate technique for management and controlling. The concept has gain popularity in various industries. Various companies frequently found the method in their projects for upgrading their performance, reducing their losses and increasing their profits. Questionnaire survey among clients, contractors, engineers and architects is analyzed using, Relative Importance Index (RII) and Importance Index (IMP.I) methods. The focus of this study is to understand what Risk Management is, understand the process of risk management at construction project and have depth knowledge on the use of risk management in high-rise construction projects.
Journal of Structural Technology, 2017
Orderly hazard administration is expecting the unforeseen-it is a device which controls chances i... more Orderly hazard administration is expecting the unforeseen-it is a device which controls chances in development ventures. Its goal is to present a straightforward, handy technique for recognizing, evaluating, checking and overseeing hazard in an educated and organized way. It gives direction to executing a hazard control procedure that is suitable to control development extends at all levels. This paper will audit orderly administration ways to deal with hazard.The aim of this study is to get the latest information and to identify the key factors that affect risk of construction project. Data's are collected through questionnaires and distributed to respondents who work at various projects in wide area of Gujarat. The respondents were selected from various construction occupancy mainly Architects, Consultants, Contractors. Analysis of collected data is done by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).
The Kongu Regional Educational and Research Foundation, Indo Global Journal of Applied Engineering (IGJAE), 2016
The increasing demand for sustainable renewable energy resources to reduce the pollution and depe... more The increasing demand for sustainable renewable energy resources to reduce the pollution and dependency on conventional energy resources creates a path to assess the various energy resources for their sustainability. One renewable energy resource might be very attractive for heat production and not so attractive for electricity and transport purposes. The commercial-scale production of these energy resources requires careful consideration of several issues that can be broadly categorized as raw material production, technology, by product etc. This research paper presents a statistical approach of renewable energy resources adoption of Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Nadiad, Anand, Vadodara, and Surat. Data is collected through questionnaires and personal interviews targeting farmers, BPL (Below Poverty Line) families to Rich family’s people and many other categories are considered such as Education, Job criteria, people having No Education, Primary-Secondary Education to Ph.D., people pursuing Education, Teacher, Worker, Manager and Housewife-Retired. So, opinion may not get biased approach on renewable resources’ adoption. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) is adopted to evaluate the responses collected from the respondent by FACTOR Analysis.
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is an ultra-light concrete masonry product. It can weigh as lit... more Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is an ultra-light concrete masonry product. It can weigh as little as 1/5 as much as ordinary concrete due to its distinct cellular structure featuring millions of tiny pockets of trapped air. This cellular structure gives AAC a number of exceptional physical characteristics. AAC consists of basic materials that are widely available. These include sand, cement, lime, fly ash, gypsum, aluminium powder paste, water and an expansion agent. Silica sand, the raw material used in the greatest volume in AAC, is one of the world's most abundant natural resources. The finished product is up to five times the volume of the raw materials used, with an air content of 70% to 80% (depending on the required strength and density.) Due to this large increase in volume, AAC is very resource efficient. The high consumption of raw materials by the construction sector, results in chronic shortage of building materials and the associated environmental damage. In the last decade, construction industry has been conducting various researches on the utilization of easily available raw materials in construction. AAC is one of the materials which can cope up with the shortage of building raw materials and can produce a light weight, energy efficient and environmentally friendly concrete. This study deals with the introduction to the process of the autoclaved aerated concrete and its advantages compared to the normal concrete..
Fly-ash bricks are well known bricks. Fly-ash bricks are slow but surely replacing conventional c... more Fly-ash bricks are well known bricks. Fly-ash bricks are slow but surely replacing conventional clay bricks for wall constructions. It is green and environmentally friendly material. Fly ash brick is a really good option against Clay brick. It is green and environmentally friendly material. The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger and less costly than common clay bricks. Fly-ash Bricks is low value and high volume product and transporting it over long distances is uneconomical. But due to less awareness of fly ash bricks the different agencies of the construction wing using clay bricks. This research paper presents a comparison of fly-ash bricks and clay bricks. Based on Fly-ash bricks and clay bricks the data collected, Data will be collected through questionnaires and personal interviews targeting residential building and infrastructure projects. We can easily able to analysis of fly ash bricks and clay bricks by using Chi-square test through statistical methods (SPSS SOFTWARE).
This research work has been aimed to rank the Ready Mixed Concrete on the basis of selected multi... more This research work has been aimed to rank the Ready Mixed Concrete on the basis of selected multiple criterions. The need of this Research work based upon various utility measures like quality control, cost, delivery, quantity at which Owners or Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) Plant Managers have to concentrate for enhancing profit as well as maintaining standard by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Technique which will help the decision maker to understand the problem systematically. This research activity was entirely assessed through questionnaire survey. Various literatures have been reviewed for assessment and evaluation of Criterias that are related to Ready Mixed Concrete. The respondents were selected from various construction occupancy mainly Ready Mixed Concrete Plant Managers, Consultant and contractors. Total 100 Survey Questionnaires were distributed to Respondents in Anand, Nadiad, Vadodara, Ahmedabad, from which 60 Responses were collected as per sample size calculation,in that 21 were from Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) Plant Managers, 26 were from consultants and 13 were from contractors. According to Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Technique first 10 crucial Criterias in descending order are Large
For Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique questionnaire include comparison of factors on 1 t... more For Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique questionnaire include comparison of factors on 1 to 9 scale. In this technique, for each criteria questions should be asked. A numerical weight is derived for each element of the hierarchy, allowing diverse and often incommensurable elements to be compared to one another in a rational and consistent way. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) selects the alternative that is the closest to the ideal solution and farthest from negative ideal alternative. To apply TOPSIS to our problem, numeric score is required to generate for each criteria. So, each criteria were given an evaluation scale from 1 to 9. Evaluation pattern was decided and finalized with expert advice. The respondents were selected from various construction occupancy mainly Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) Plant Managers, Consultants and contractors. Total 100 Survey Questionnaires were distributed to Respondents in Anand, Nadiad, Vadodara, Ahmedabad, from which 60 Responses were collected as per sample size calculation, in that 21 were from Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC) Plant Managers, 26 were from Consultants and 13 were from Contractors. The result shows that there is a contradiction in Respondents ranking by two techniques. So, Researchers have to trust on any one methodology.
The Indian Construction industry has been traditionally labour oriented. The pace of mechanizatio... more The Indian Construction industry has been traditionally labour oriented. The pace of mechanization in the past was very slow due to the availability of cheap and abundant labour, lack of capital investment and highly fragmented nature of the construction sector. The Ready Mixed Concrete is a dynamic resource for the construction industry, which must periodically re-evaluate its position in relation to the economy, the nation, local industry, and especially with the customer. Highly-developed economies bring changes in market conditions. A change which has been occurring is the change from a product to a service-related market.
The VIKOR (the Serbian name is 'Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje' which means ... more The VIKOR (the Serbian name is 'Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje' which means multi-criteria optimization (MCO) and compromise solution) method was mainly established by Zeleny (2002) and later advocated by Opricovic and Tzeng (2004; 2007). Concrete is the most widely used composite construction material. Ready mixed concrete can enhance the speed of construction and improve the quality of concrete components. The enormous advances in concrete technology now make it possible to obtain Ready Mixed Concrete with high strengths. The constituent materials of Ready Mixed Concrete (RMC), especially the fine aggregate, play a very important role for imparting better properties of concrete in its fresh and hardened state. Quality of construction is the most important aspect under consideration in the construction sector. Factory manufactured items always play a vital role in the quality of products. Ready Mixed Concrete is a major part of any concrete construction project. It is a convenient and efficient tool for building.
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is very useful in involving several decisionmakers with diff... more The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is very useful in involving several decisionmakers with different conflicting objectives to arrive at a consensus decision. This method was developed by Dr. Thomas L. Saaty in 1970s as a tool to help with solving technical and managerial problems. Concrete is a mixture of three basic ingredients: sand, gravel (crushed stone) and cement, as well as chemical compounds known as admixtures. Combining this mixture with water causes the cement to undergo an exothermic chemical reaction called hydration, turning cement into a hard paste that binds the sand and gravel together. Ready Mixed Concrete: Concrete which is mixed with water at a plant and transported directly to a construction site. Ready Mixed is a perishable product that needs to be delivered within an hour and a half before it becomes too stiff to be workable. Concrete is also very cheap for its weight. Present Approach of Ready Mixed Concrete selection has certain shortcomings.
Industrialization has become an important factor to the development of a country's economy, throu... more Industrialization has become an important factor to the development of a country's economy, through the establishment of plants and factories. However, the waste or byproducts discharged from them are severely disastrous to the environment consists various kind of contaminant which contaminate the surface water, ground water and soil. There are a number of reasons the waste are not safely treated. One of the reasons is mainly due to the lacking of highly efficient and economic treatment technology. Ever since the Industrial Revolution, industrial activities have been accompanied by a problem: industrial waste. The commensurate increase in industrialization, urbanization and population growth are leading to production of enormous quantities of industrial wastes that may cause degradation in environment and health hazards. On the other hand, the desire for a healthy environment increases, which leads to the need for better ways of waste minimization, pollution prevention and better use of resources in achieving the required industrial and environmental standards. During this research work various factors interrelated to industrial waste are being identified and converted into questionnaire to carry out surveys. Software like Microsoft Excel and SPSS Statistics (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) are adopted to evaluate the responses collected from the people by frequency distribution analysis.
Engineering structures are composed of materials. These materials are known as engineering materi... more Engineering structures are composed of materials. These materials are known as engineering materials. It is necessary for an engineer to become conversant with the properties of such materials. The service condition of buildings demand a wide range of materials and various properties are to be studied before making final selection of any building material for a particular use. Various building materials form the living environment of human beings, which reflects the cultural and scientific features of each era, becoming an important symbol of humans' material civilization. Building materials develop with the improvement of the productivity and living standards. Variety of materials are used for building construction. Strength and stability of any building depends upon construction material. Building construction cost includes cost of material. As per type of finishing material and interior decoration this cost may extend up to 55% or more. Generally locally and easily available materials are used in construction work. Transportation cost of material may increase the cost of material.
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International Journals Papers by ASHISH H . MAKWANA
availability of latest tools and technology, efficient technical manpower and skilled labour
for the development of our country. That’s why mainly focus of this area is taken into
consideration through management approach with the help of Relative Importance Index
technique. Modular construction is one type of construction in which modular units are
produced in factory and then delivered to site and assembled as large volumetric
components. The modular units can be produced in any form; it may be service units such as
toilets, lifts, parts of rooms and complete rooms. The existing modular construction approach
is based on survey in Rajkot city. For survey work, Questionnaires is designed and distribute
to Consultants and Contractors. After data collection, rank has been given to the selected
factors of modular construction.