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An Examination of Play Streets in Turkey: Sample of Ankara and Istanbul Play that related to all developmental areas and stages of human life takes and important place in children's life and is an occupation that children play every time and everywhere. Street is a place that children can reach easily. However it is neglected that streets should be arranged properly to children's use. Streets are not taken place in children's life. For some reasons such as traffic and safety, parents are concerned about their children playing on the street. Thus concept of "play street" has gained importance in order that children can play in naturel environment and the street that is near their home. When the play streets that offer to children natural playing environment are arranged properly, both all developmental areas of children are supported and the worries of parents about their children playing on the street are decreased. Accordingly, the aim of the research is to examine the play street in Ankara and İstanbul in terms of environment, materials, content, accessibility and cleanliness. The research design is "holistic multiple-case design" which is one of the case study designs; as for the sample of research is 10 play streets which was selected by purposive sampling method in Ankara and İstanbul. As a data collection tool was used to "Play Street Checklist" that is created by researchers. The data are analyzed with content analysis according to predetermined themes in the checklist. Results indicated that the play streets in İstanbul and Ankara are different from each other with regard to approach. The play streets in Ankara are mostly towards preschool children and predominantly are had materials while others in İstanbul are rich in terms of playground (spielplatzs, bowling and chess area etc.) towards all aged. Besides, the materials in the play streets in Ankara are not checked and repaired regularly. The play materials related the playgrounds (chess man etc.) do not exist always in the play streets in İstanbul. Unlike İstanbul, there is no a special activity to increase the use of the play streets in Ankara and these play streets are left to children's own choice only. When the play streets are examined in terms of the most important factor of security theme, results indicated that 7 of the 8 play streets in Ankara are open to traffic but there are warning signs for security. However the play streets in İstanbul are closed to traffic and equippped with security cameras. As a result, the fact that attempts to concept of play street in Ankara and İstanbul which are Turkey's biggest cities has been regarded as an

In this study, it was aimed to examine the national and international 'Motor Assesment Scales' to evaluate the motor development of children in early childhood and childhood. Motor development in children begins with reflex movements, and this process continues as a set of more coordinated and purposeful movements in which many parts of the body are involved. Every child who shows a normal growth course depending on the physical growth and the development of the nervous system is successful in planning and performing certain movement skills. There are certain motor development periods in acquiring these movement skills. Locomotor movements from the expected movements; moving the body from one fixed place to another, manipulative movements; It includes the movements and balancing movements of the individual with the object to be used and the balance movements of the individual for a certain period of time. The "Motor Development Scales" included in the study were evaluated among the most common scales in studies in this field. The study method was designed according to the "traditional compilation" model. Motor development scales that are the subject of research; TGMD-2 (Test of Gross Motor-2), CHAMPS Motor Skills Protocol, BOT-2 (Bruininks -Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test2), Child Body Coordination Test ( Körperkoordinations Test Für Kinder, KTK), Child Movement ABC-2 (Child Movement Evaluation Battery), BuKBOT (Gross Muscle Ability Assessment Test), a total of 7 tests were evaluated and evaluations such as validity and reliability scores, intended use of the tests, age groups, strengths and weaknesses were identified and investigated.

Reactive hyperplastic lesions in oral cavity are benign tumors that cause local symptoms and complications. Underlying pathologic mechanism is still uncertain but local irritant factors might be the reason. Giant cell granuloma is one of the most common forms of the reactive hyperplastic lesions. They can be located on jaw and maxillary bone at the level of premolar and incisive teeth. Most of the lesions are <1.5 cm in diameter. Tumors which are detected on maxillary bone and >1.5 cm in diameter are rare. Main treatment modality is to completely excise the lesion to decrease the chance of recurrence. In this report we present a maxillary bone tumor (3 × 3 cm in size) that is treated successfully by surgery after recurrence.

Introduction: The main reason for nasal tampon placement after septoplasty is to prevent postoperative hemorrhage, while the secondary purpose is internal stabilization after operations involving the cartilaginous-bony skeleton of the nose. Silicone intranasal splints are as successful as other materials in controlling postoperative hemorrhages of septal origin. The possibility of leaving the splints intranasally for extended periods helps stabilize the septum in the midline. However, there is nothing in the literature about how long these splints can be retained inside the nasal cavity without increasing the risk of infection, postoperative complications, and patient discomfort. Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the association between the duration of intranasal splinting and bacterial colonization, postoperative complications, and patient discomfort. Methods: Patients who had undergone septoplasty were divided into three groups according to the day of removal of the silicone splints. The splints were removed on the fifth, seventh, and tenth postoperative days. The removed splints were microbiologically cultured. Early and late complications were assessed, including local and systemic infections, tissue necrosis, granuloma formation, mucosal crusting, synechia, and septal perforation. Postoperative patient discomfort was evaluated by scoring the levels of pain and nasal obstruction. Results: No significant difference was found in the rate of bacterial colonization among the different groups. Decreased mucosal crusting and synechia were detected with longer usage intervals of intranasal silicone splints. Postoperative pain and nasal obstruction were also diminished by the third postoperative day.

Submandibuler bez eksizyonu endikasyonlarını, histopatolojik sonuçlarını komplikasyonlarını retrospektif olarak değerlendirmek. Yöntemler:Hastanemizde 2008-2012 yılları arasında submandibular bez eksizyonu yapılan 43 olgu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların endikasyonları, yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımı, histopatolojik sonuçları ve cerrahinin komplikasyonları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: 2008-2012 yılları arasında cerrahi sonrasında minimum altı ay takipli 43 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların yaşları 11 yıl ile 86 yıl (ortalama 42,4) arasında değişen 30'u (%69,7) erkek, 13'ü (%30,2) kadın 43 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların 30'unda (%69,7) ağrısız şişlik, 10'unda (%23,2) yemek sonrası ağrılı şişlik, üçünde ise (%6,9) sık enfeksiyon ve ağız içine akıntı şikayetleri mevcuttu. Histopatolojik olarak 39'u benign, dördü malign idi. Olgularda en sık rastlanan benign patoloji siyaloadenit idi. Cerrahinin kompikasyonları bir olguda kalıcı, üç olguda geçici olmak üzere dört olguda marjinal mandibular sinir hasarı ve iki olguda hematom görüldü. Sonuç: Submandibuler bez histopatolojik sonuçlarımızın yüzdelik dağılımının literatür ile uyumlu olduğunu gördük. Marjinal mandibuler sinir hasarı, submandibuler bez eksizyonunun en sık görülen komplikasyonlarından biri olsa da, bizim olgularımızda bir hastada kalıcı olarak gelişmiştir, dolayısıyla submandibular bez eksizyonu güvenilir bir operasyondur.