Papers by J. Kenneth Grace
Biology and Management of the Formosan Subterranean Termite and Related Species, 2023
Alternative and experimental approaches to subterranean termite management can be broadly charact... more Alternative and experimental approaches to subterranean termite management can be broadly characterized as the use of natural products, physical barriers, and biological control. Methods currently available for Coptotermes Wasmann prevention are the use of naturally durable woods in building construction in lieu of preservative-treated wood and installation of physical barriers to prevent termite penetration rather than soil insecticide treatments. A particle barrier of crushed and screened basalt was the first physical barrier developed for Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki management. Particle barriers, stainless steel mesh, and insecticide treated plastic membranes are now available as management options in several regions; and insecticide-free plastic membranes acting purely as physical barriers are now of interest. Worldwide, a great deal of research effort has been devoted to identification of plant allelochemicals that deter termites, and evaluation of suspected entomopathogens as possible biological control agents; with, however, little to no commercial application to date. Greater emphasis on understanding biological mechanisms, particularly with relevance to termite field biology and ecology, and on overcoming commercial production issues are necessary for these areas of research to potentially produce useful alternative methods of termite management.
diversity and colony breeding structure in native and introduced ranges of the Formosan subterran... more diversity and colony breeding structure in native and introduced ranges of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus
Sociobiology, 1999
Observation of cells from the ovaries and testes of primary kings and queens, and dealates, indic... more Observation of cells from the ovaries and testes of primary kings and queens, and dealates, indicated that the haploid chromosome number in Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) is 21. This is comparable to reports of chromosome numbers in Reticulitermes species. No permanent interchange complexes were observed in C. formosanus, possibly because of relatively limited inbreeding in C. formosanus colonies in comparison to termite species in which such complexes have been found.
Pan-pacific Entomologist, 1999
Thirty-day studies of structural lumber infested by Cryptotermes brevis revealed that microclimat... more Thirty-day studies of structural lumber infested by Cryptotermes brevis revealed that microclimates in Hawaii were fairly uniform with an overall mean wood-core temperature of 24.33° C. The highest wood-core temperature was 43.31° C and the lowest was 13.94° C. The mean maximum wood core temperature across all sites was 37.04° C. Temperatures varied widely over a 24 h period with the greatest diurnal variation being 23.72° C. Thermal gradients between upper and lower locations of infestations were as high as 8.71° C. Ambient relative humidity was more variable than temperature with values varying as much as 55% RH during a single month. Monthly mean RH was as high as 75.09% and ranged from 98.2% to 27.2%.
California Agriculture, 1987
A two-way exchange of information between producer and ultimate users could lead to more effectiv... more A two-way exchange of information between producer and ultimate users could lead to more effective publications.
Journal of Entomological Science, 1987
ACS Symposium Series, 2003
... Related research. Termite resistant wood products. JK Grace in Sociobiology (2003). 2 readers... more ... Related research. Termite resistant wood products. JK Grace in Sociobiology (2003). 2 readers Save reference to library · Related research. Studies on thermal degradation and termite resistant properties of chemically modified wood. Manabendra Deka, CN Saikia, KK Baruah in ...
ACS Symposium Series, 2003
... 20. Shellman-Reeve, JS Anim. Behav. 2001, 61, 869-876. 21. Parker, PG; Snow, AA; Schug, MD; B... more ... 20. Shellman-Reeve, JS Anim. Behav. 2001, 61, 869-876. 21. Parker, PG; Snow, AA; Schug, MD; Booton, GC; Fuerst, PA Ecology 1998, 79, 361-382. 22. Hoy, M . Insect molecular genetics. Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1994. 23. ...
The specialized defensive traits of termite soldiers are thought to have evolved largely in respo... more The specialized defensive traits of termite soldiers are thought to have evolved largely in response to attacks by ants. Having a greater proportion of soldiers protecting groups of foraging workers could enable termites to expand their foraging areas and enhance their ability to find new food sources. This study examined the effect of Pheidole megacephala (F.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Coptotermes Jormosanus Shiraki foraging behavior, and whether the presence of higher numbers of termite soldiers enabled foraging workers to better withstand ant attacks and maintain access to food sourses. We also examined how differences in soldier proportions affected the construction of new galleries by foraging workers in the absence of ants, and examined whether termites with higher numbers of soldiers moved into new areas faster than than groups with fewer soldiers. In the first experiment, ants completely occupied the foraging tube and blocked termite access to their food source after an average of only 2d for groups with 5% soldiers compared to an average of6.7d for groups with 20% soldiers. However, there was no evidence that termite groups with 20% soldiers were more likely to explore new areas or construct new foraging galleries faster than groups with only 5% soldiers. Our results indicate that the primary role of C.Jormosanus soldiers in repelling ant attacks against foraging workers appears to be to guard breaks in the tunnel until workers are able to repair the damage.
Sociobiology, 1998
... n 4 Woodrow, Fi.J. & JK Grace — Termite Thermal Tolerances 19 into a-Fisher model... more ... n 4 Woodrow, Fi.J. & JK Grace — Termite Thermal Tolerances 19 into a-Fisher model 655F Isotemp oven (:0.5°C) (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA ... petri plate with tape and threaded through a 2mm diameter hole in the lid of the Qorpak jar and connected to a Cole Parmer model ...
Sociobiology, 1998
... of time, 33.4min [Table 8). Maui ~ The only treatment observed on Maui was in a two-level hom... more ... of time, 33.4min [Table 8). Maui ~ The only treatment observed on Maui was in a two-level home in Lahajna, Maui on 11 ... 4 I Woodrow, HJ & JK Grace — High Temperature Control of Cryptotermes Control 47 Table 9. Summary statistics for temperature data collected during 8 ...
Journal of Applied Entomology, 1992
ABSTRACT
… Research Group on Wood …, 1998
... woods and concealed with forest top soil: Casuarina equisetzfolia, Azadirachta excelsa, Tecto... more ... woods and concealed with forest top soil: Casuarina equisetzfolia, Azadirachta excelsa, Tectona grandis (both Malaysian-grown and Burmese material), Hevea brasiliensis, Acacia mangium, Albizia falcataria, Araucaria cunninghamii, P. sylvestris, Koompassia malaccensis and ...
Sociobiology, 1995
Go to AGRIS search. Sociobiology (1995). Modification of a commercial bait station to collect lar... more Go to AGRIS search. Sociobiology (1995). Modification of a commercial bait station to collect large numbers of subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae ...
Sociobiology, 2002
... The use of genetic markers, including analysis of alloenzymes, mitochondrial DNA, and genomic... more ... The use of genetic markers, including analysis of alloenzymes, mitochondrial DNA, and genomic DNA, to examine population and colony structure in termites is an expanding field (eg Clément 1986; Reilly 1987; Korman & Pashley 1991; Strong & Grace 1993; Broughton & ...
Journal of Entomological Science, 1986
We describe a method of rapidly measuring the area removed by termites feeding on paper disks by ... more We describe a method of rapidly measuring the area removed by termites feeding on paper disks by microcomputer controlled video image analysis. The utility of this technique is demonstrated in a short-term (15 day) assay in which Reticulitermes hesperus Banks workers fed on filter paper, on rice paper containing a synthetic binder and on rice papers manufactured with natural starch from Lycoris radiata (Amaryllidaceae). Termites fed least on rice paper containing natural starch washed only with hot water during the manufacturing process. Greatest feeding occurred on rice paper containing the synthetic binder. Video image analysis is an efficient means of measuring termite feeding activity and comparing feeding on thin substrates of equivalent density and thickness.
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Papers by J. Kenneth Grace
(Keynote Address to the seventh annual meeting, Toronto, 10 March 1987)
Zealand, appear to have been successful, both against Coptotermes species."