International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Thyroid swellings are very frequently encountered in ENT practice, ranging from a sim... more Background: Thyroid swellings are very frequently encountered in ENT practice, ranging from a simple cyst to a malignant tumour. Disorder of structure of thyroid gland, due to various etiological factors, will give rise to swelling in the neck region. Clinical signs and symptoms are inadequate to diagnose thyroid disorders as similar presentations are seen in various thyroid disorders. So, this study of thyroid swellings was done to know different clinical presentations, age and sex distribution, correlation between thyroid swellings and thyroid function tests, analyse various thyroid swellings and etiological factors based on pathological reports. Methods: A prospective study with 50 patients of thyroid swellings was conducted over 2 years, after taking consent from each patient. Patients were clinically examined by inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation and underwent thyroid function tests. Ultrasonography (USG) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done in all p...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, Feb 25, 2014
To focus on difficulties in endoscopic endonasal DCR, to improve the final outcome of endoscopic ... more To focus on difficulties in endoscopic endonasal DCR, to improve the final outcome of endoscopic endonasal DCR. To elaborate the steps this will avoid recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article presents retrospective study of 861 cases that underwent Endoscopic endonasal DCR between Oct 2004 and Nov 2011. The patients operated were in the age group from 5 years to 94 years. The cases of lacrimal abscesses were tackled by endo DCR which gave a substantial advantage over the conventional external approach by avoiding a scar. The stenting of the canalicular system was restricted to the situations where the patency of the lacrimal canaliculi was absent and the sac syringing done on operation table showed no fluid coming from the new stoma due to the blocked canaliculi or fibrosis of lacrimal sac. The stent used was silicon bicanalicular lacrimal intubation set. CONCLUSIONS: Local anaesthesia preferred over general anaesthesia as it has less bleeding and less morbidity. Endoscopic DCR avoids scar of external approach. Coexistent sinonasal disease can be tackled at same sitting. Adequate marsupialization of sac mucosa is key for avoiding recurrence.
Cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia soliu... more Cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. Cysticercosis usually involves musculoskeletal system and CNS. Here we present an isolated involvement of right sided temporalis muscle. There was no any other system involvement including CNS. So it was very diff icult to diagnose the condit ion. All the investigations done were not pointing to any diagnosis. The condition was diagnosed only after the excision of the cyst.
Lipomas are the most common benign neoplasms that arise from adipose cells in the human body. Int... more Lipomas are the most common benign neoplasms that arise from adipose cells in the human body. Intraoral lipomas are uncommon, accounting for less than 5% of all head and neck cancers. Nonetheless, lipoma should be treated as a differential diagnosis of oral cavity swellings. In the case of intraoral lipoma, surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. The commonest site of an intraoral lipoma is buccal mucosa due to the abundance of fat, followed by the tongue, lips, floor of the mouth and gingiva, making palate the rarest due to lack of adipose tissue. The lipoma was shown to originate from the soft palate in this case study.It was surgically excised in toto and histopathological examinations were performed to determine a definitive diagnosis. This case is being documented because a lipoma with an intraoral origin is unusual, and even more so when it occurs in the palate.
Introduction: Infections of middle ear space and their sequel have plagued mankind from the begin... more Introduction: Infections of middle ear space and their sequel have plagued mankind from the beginning of time. The objective of this cross sectional prospective study was to analysis of bacteriological pattern and antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria in ear discharge . Materials and methods: This is an observational cross sectional study carried out in the OPD department of otorhinolaryngology, at a tertiary care hospital. Period of two months from July 2014 to August 2014 for this study. A total number of 50 patients of paediatric age group (upto 12 years) of both genders presenting with otorrhoea in the OPD of otorhinolaryngology. Results: The present study shows that active CSOM in children is mainly due to staphylococcus aureus (42%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. 11 (22%), Proteus spp. 4(8%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. were found to be the common cause of CSOM in our study.
Angiofibroma is a fibrous and vascular tumour that commonly occurs in adolescent males and involv... more Angiofibroma is a fibrous and vascular tumour that commonly occurs in adolescent males and involves the nasopharynx. Hence the name juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The incidence of juvenile angiofibroma is less than 0.5% of head and neck tumours. Radiological evidence, drawn from over 20yrs, reveals the probable origin of this tumour to be the recess behind the pterygopalatine ganglion at the exit aperture of the pterygoid canal. It develops almost exclusively in adolescent males, though there are reports of this tumour being found in children, the elderly and pregnant women. We report a rare presentation of a middle aged female patient who came with right sided nasal mass which was found arising from nasal septum and was diagnosed as angiofibroma on postoperative histopathological evaluation.
Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as a chronic inflammation of the... more Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, which presents with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation. The disease usually begins in childhood as a spontaneous tympanic perforation due to an acute infection of the middle ear known as Acute Otitis Media (AOM). The objective of this cross sectional prospective study was to Study of etiological factors and sensitivity pattern in CSOM. Materials and methods: A total number of 50 patients of paediatric age group (upto 12 years) of both genders presenting with otorrhoea in the OPD of otorhinolaryngology. Bilateral infection was in 26 (52%) cases, swabs from both the ears were taken, and Unilateral infection was in 24 (48%) cases. A total number of 8 bacterial species and 2 fungal species were isolated from 47 positive cultures. The above table shows that the most common organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA+MRSA)...
Cervical lymphadenopathy is a condition commonly seen in general, paediatric as well as Otorhinol... more Cervical lymphadenopathy is a condition commonly seen in general, paediatric as well as Otorhinolaryngology practice. It is seen across all age groups and both genders. It shows a wide range of clinical features with an equally wide variety of causative factors. As the diagnosis can vary from a simple pharyngeal infection to a malignancy, appropriate investigations and timely diagnosis become a matter of concern to both the family as well as the treating doctor. Therefore a systematic clinical approach with minimal array of investigations is required to avoid unnecessary delay in diagnosis and designing the management protocol. It is essential to keep this in mind while investigating and treating these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the etiological factors in cases of cervical lymphadenopathy seen in Otorhinolaryngology clinic at a tertiary care center. 50 cases of the same, aged between 6 to 70 years attending ENT OPD at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospita...
Lipomas are the commonest occurring benign neoplasms of the human body originating from adipose c... more Lipomas are the commonest occurring benign neoplasms of the human body originating from adipose cells. Intraoral lipomas are rare, contributing to less than 5% of all head and neck neoplasms. Even so, lipoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in swellings of the oral cavity. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment in the case of intraoral lipoma. In this case report, the lipoma was seen originating from the soft palate. It was surgically excised in toto and was subjected to histopathological investigations to reach a definitive diagnosis.This case is being reported as it is uncommon for a lipoma to have an intraoral origin and even more rare for it to be seen occurring in the palate.
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2020
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered to be a major public health problem and on... more Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered to be a major public health problem and only some studies have subsequently suggested the possibility of a link between the ear and the kidney. The aim of the study was to look for an association between the hearing loss and its association with CKD in absence of any underlying co-morbidities.Methods: The study design was a hospital based cross sectional study. 50 patients diagnosed with CKD were included. The patients were subjected to general physical examination, examination of ear by otoscopy and hearing test by tuning fork test (256 Hz, 512 Hz and 1024 Hz). Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was also done. Results: It was observed that 24% patients were having unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. Of the 12 patients with hearing loss, PTA threshold was below or equal to 35 dB in 4 patients. Hearing threshold of 45 dB was observed in 3 patients. All 3 patients had unilateral involvement. 2 had hearing loss in right ear whereas left...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2018
Background: Most of the anomalies of the facial nerve have been encountered during otological sur... more Background: Most of the anomalies of the facial nerve have been encountered during otological surgery or dissection of the temporal bones. ENT surgeons are taught from a nascent stage to always be wary of an anomalous facial nerve during otological surgery. Today’s surgeon is assisted with high definition imaging and nerve monitoring; yet iatrogenic facial palsy still is encountered even today.Methods: This study was conducted in a select population of patients who reported with aural symptoms with an aim to see the number of facial nerve anomalies one encounters during aural surgery. The filter applied was no patient with congenital anomaly was considered and patients with squamous COM were also excluded. Results: Almost 4.5% of the patients subjected to surgery had varying kinds of facial nerve anomaly, the most common being dehiscence of the fallopian canal.Conclusions: Facial nerve anomalies are not so uncommon as one expects it to be. So it is mandatory that every ENT surgeon ...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2018
Background: Squamosal COM is a condition caused by various etiological factors which are likely t... more Background: Squamosal COM is a condition caused by various etiological factors which are likely to affect the other side too. If diagnosed and intervened in time, the progression of the disease from simple negative middle ear pressure to cholesteatoma formation can be prevented and ear can be protected from hearing loss. Therefore it is important to assess and evaluate the contralateral ear appropriately.Methods: This prospective study included patients above six years of age suffering from unilateral squamosal chronic otitis media. Their contralateral ears were examined and assessed for any ear disease. Results: We found various conditions in contralateral ears ranging from normal tympanic membrane to various types and grades of retractions of pars tensa as well as pars flaccida and some infectious conditions too. The commonest finding was secretory otitis media (23%) and the least common was otomycosis (3%).Conclusions: Most common status in contralateral ear was found to be secr...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2017
Background: Tuberculosis has become a common occurrence in Otorhinolaryngology with increasing nu... more Background: Tuberculosis has become a common occurrence in Otorhinolaryngology with increasing number of extra pulmonary cases. Methods: This is a study of 27 patients who visited ENT OPD of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, with variety of manifestations of tuberculosis in the ENT region. Results: Majority of those suffered from tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy, other manifestations included laryngeal tuberculosis, tuberculous otitis media, lupus vulgaris and tuberculous infection of a pre auricular sinus. FNAC and histopathologic examination proved to be reliable tools of diagnosis. Five of these patients suffered from concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. All these responded well to category 1 anti-tubercular therapy well. Conclusions: Tuberculosis in Otorhinolaryngology shows a variety of manifestations so it should be kept in mind whenever dealing with unusual presentations.
Glomus tympanicum is a slow-growing benign tumor that can be locally destructive, spreading along... more Glomus tympanicum is a slow-growing benign tumor that can be locally destructive, spreading along the path of least resistance. Conventionally seen as soft tissue mass in the middle ear, it is difficult to distinguish glomus tympanicum from other soft tissue masses of the tympanic cavity, especially as it hides behind an intact tympanic membrane. The primary diagnostic modalities are CT scan and MRI for evaluation of the exact anatomical extent and size of the glomus tumors. Embolization following an angiographic study helps to identify the feeding arteries with subsequent blocking of the same, thus helping in the reduction of intraoperative hemorrhage. The currently available modalities of treatment are mainly surgery and radiotherapy. Here, we report a case of a 40-year-old female who presented with unilateral deafness and tinnitus, with no co-morbidities. She showed a red bulging mass behind an intact tympanic membrane on otoscopy and otomicroscopy with mild conductive hearing loss. MRI showed an intensely enhancing lesion in the mesotympanum and hypotympanum along the cochlear promontory. A diagnosis of glomus tympanicum was made based on clinical, audiological, and radiological findings. Pre-operative embolization was carried out 48 hours before the surgery. Complete resection of the tumor was achieved by microsurgery.
Adenoid enlargement is uncommon in adults. Usually, enlarged adenoids are misdiagnosed in adults ... more Adenoid enlargement is uncommon in adults. Usually, enlarged adenoids are misdiagnosed in adults and accordingly maltreated. In our study, 13 cases of adenoid hypertrophy were seen between the age group of 18 to 39 years. Patients came with complaints of nasal obstruction, snoring and mouth breathing. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy showed enlarged soft tissue in the nasopharynx, probably hypertrophied adenoids. Computerised tomography was done to rule out other differential diagnosis. After surgical excis ion the t issue was sent for histopathological examination that confirmed our diagnosis. For complete removal transnasal endoscopes were used in assistance. Patients were regularly followed up for any recurrence. At the end of the study we came to the conclusion that instead of regressing in a natural physiological way with age, adenoids can remain in the nasopharynx, sometimes getting enlarged due to infection. We should keep enlarged adenoids as differential diagnosis in adults while...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2021
Background: Thyroid swellings are very frequently encountered in ENT practice, ranging from a sim... more Background: Thyroid swellings are very frequently encountered in ENT practice, ranging from a simple cyst to a malignant tumour. Disorder of structure of thyroid gland, due to various etiological factors, will give rise to swelling in the neck region. Clinical signs and symptoms are inadequate to diagnose thyroid disorders as similar presentations are seen in various thyroid disorders. So, this study of thyroid swellings was done to know different clinical presentations, age and sex distribution, correlation between thyroid swellings and thyroid function tests, analyse various thyroid swellings and etiological factors based on pathological reports. Methods: A prospective study with 50 patients of thyroid swellings was conducted over 2 years, after taking consent from each patient. Patients were clinically examined by inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation and underwent thyroid function tests. Ultrasonography (USG) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done in all p...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, Feb 25, 2014
To focus on difficulties in endoscopic endonasal DCR, to improve the final outcome of endoscopic ... more To focus on difficulties in endoscopic endonasal DCR, to improve the final outcome of endoscopic endonasal DCR. To elaborate the steps this will avoid recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article presents retrospective study of 861 cases that underwent Endoscopic endonasal DCR between Oct 2004 and Nov 2011. The patients operated were in the age group from 5 years to 94 years. The cases of lacrimal abscesses were tackled by endo DCR which gave a substantial advantage over the conventional external approach by avoiding a scar. The stenting of the canalicular system was restricted to the situations where the patency of the lacrimal canaliculi was absent and the sac syringing done on operation table showed no fluid coming from the new stoma due to the blocked canaliculi or fibrosis of lacrimal sac. The stent used was silicon bicanalicular lacrimal intubation set. CONCLUSIONS: Local anaesthesia preferred over general anaesthesia as it has less bleeding and less morbidity. Endoscopic DCR avoids scar of external approach. Coexistent sinonasal disease can be tackled at same sitting. Adequate marsupialization of sac mucosa is key for avoiding recurrence.
Cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia soliu... more Cysticercosis, a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. Cysticercosis usually involves musculoskeletal system and CNS. Here we present an isolated involvement of right sided temporalis muscle. There was no any other system involvement including CNS. So it was very diff icult to diagnose the condit ion. All the investigations done were not pointing to any diagnosis. The condition was diagnosed only after the excision of the cyst.
Lipomas are the most common benign neoplasms that arise from adipose cells in the human body. Int... more Lipomas are the most common benign neoplasms that arise from adipose cells in the human body. Intraoral lipomas are uncommon, accounting for less than 5% of all head and neck cancers. Nonetheless, lipoma should be treated as a differential diagnosis of oral cavity swellings. In the case of intraoral lipoma, surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. The commonest site of an intraoral lipoma is buccal mucosa due to the abundance of fat, followed by the tongue, lips, floor of the mouth and gingiva, making palate the rarest due to lack of adipose tissue. The lipoma was shown to originate from the soft palate in this case study.It was surgically excised in toto and histopathological examinations were performed to determine a definitive diagnosis. This case is being documented because a lipoma with an intraoral origin is unusual, and even more so when it occurs in the palate.
Introduction: Infections of middle ear space and their sequel have plagued mankind from the begin... more Introduction: Infections of middle ear space and their sequel have plagued mankind from the beginning of time. The objective of this cross sectional prospective study was to analysis of bacteriological pattern and antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria in ear discharge . Materials and methods: This is an observational cross sectional study carried out in the OPD department of otorhinolaryngology, at a tertiary care hospital. Period of two months from July 2014 to August 2014 for this study. A total number of 50 patients of paediatric age group (upto 12 years) of both genders presenting with otorrhoea in the OPD of otorhinolaryngology. Results: The present study shows that active CSOM in children is mainly due to staphylococcus aureus (42%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. 11 (22%), Proteus spp. 4(8%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. were found to be the common cause of CSOM in our study.
Angiofibroma is a fibrous and vascular tumour that commonly occurs in adolescent males and involv... more Angiofibroma is a fibrous and vascular tumour that commonly occurs in adolescent males and involves the nasopharynx. Hence the name juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The incidence of juvenile angiofibroma is less than 0.5% of head and neck tumours. Radiological evidence, drawn from over 20yrs, reveals the probable origin of this tumour to be the recess behind the pterygopalatine ganglion at the exit aperture of the pterygoid canal. It develops almost exclusively in adolescent males, though there are reports of this tumour being found in children, the elderly and pregnant women. We report a rare presentation of a middle aged female patient who came with right sided nasal mass which was found arising from nasal septum and was diagnosed as angiofibroma on postoperative histopathological evaluation.
Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as a chronic inflammation of the... more Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, which presents with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation. The disease usually begins in childhood as a spontaneous tympanic perforation due to an acute infection of the middle ear known as Acute Otitis Media (AOM). The objective of this cross sectional prospective study was to Study of etiological factors and sensitivity pattern in CSOM. Materials and methods: A total number of 50 patients of paediatric age group (upto 12 years) of both genders presenting with otorrhoea in the OPD of otorhinolaryngology. Bilateral infection was in 26 (52%) cases, swabs from both the ears were taken, and Unilateral infection was in 24 (48%) cases. A total number of 8 bacterial species and 2 fungal species were isolated from 47 positive cultures. The above table shows that the most common organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA+MRSA)...
Cervical lymphadenopathy is a condition commonly seen in general, paediatric as well as Otorhinol... more Cervical lymphadenopathy is a condition commonly seen in general, paediatric as well as Otorhinolaryngology practice. It is seen across all age groups and both genders. It shows a wide range of clinical features with an equally wide variety of causative factors. As the diagnosis can vary from a simple pharyngeal infection to a malignancy, appropriate investigations and timely diagnosis become a matter of concern to both the family as well as the treating doctor. Therefore a systematic clinical approach with minimal array of investigations is required to avoid unnecessary delay in diagnosis and designing the management protocol. It is essential to keep this in mind while investigating and treating these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the etiological factors in cases of cervical lymphadenopathy seen in Otorhinolaryngology clinic at a tertiary care center. 50 cases of the same, aged between 6 to 70 years attending ENT OPD at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospita...
Lipomas are the commonest occurring benign neoplasms of the human body originating from adipose c... more Lipomas are the commonest occurring benign neoplasms of the human body originating from adipose cells. Intraoral lipomas are rare, contributing to less than 5% of all head and neck neoplasms. Even so, lipoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in swellings of the oral cavity. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment in the case of intraoral lipoma. In this case report, the lipoma was seen originating from the soft palate. It was surgically excised in toto and was subjected to histopathological investigations to reach a definitive diagnosis.This case is being reported as it is uncommon for a lipoma to have an intraoral origin and even more rare for it to be seen occurring in the palate.
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2020
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered to be a major public health problem and on... more Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered to be a major public health problem and only some studies have subsequently suggested the possibility of a link between the ear and the kidney. The aim of the study was to look for an association between the hearing loss and its association with CKD in absence of any underlying co-morbidities.Methods: The study design was a hospital based cross sectional study. 50 patients diagnosed with CKD were included. The patients were subjected to general physical examination, examination of ear by otoscopy and hearing test by tuning fork test (256 Hz, 512 Hz and 1024 Hz). Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was also done. Results: It was observed that 24% patients were having unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. Of the 12 patients with hearing loss, PTA threshold was below or equal to 35 dB in 4 patients. Hearing threshold of 45 dB was observed in 3 patients. All 3 patients had unilateral involvement. 2 had hearing loss in right ear whereas left...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2018
Background: Most of the anomalies of the facial nerve have been encountered during otological sur... more Background: Most of the anomalies of the facial nerve have been encountered during otological surgery or dissection of the temporal bones. ENT surgeons are taught from a nascent stage to always be wary of an anomalous facial nerve during otological surgery. Today’s surgeon is assisted with high definition imaging and nerve monitoring; yet iatrogenic facial palsy still is encountered even today.Methods: This study was conducted in a select population of patients who reported with aural symptoms with an aim to see the number of facial nerve anomalies one encounters during aural surgery. The filter applied was no patient with congenital anomaly was considered and patients with squamous COM were also excluded. Results: Almost 4.5% of the patients subjected to surgery had varying kinds of facial nerve anomaly, the most common being dehiscence of the fallopian canal.Conclusions: Facial nerve anomalies are not so uncommon as one expects it to be. So it is mandatory that every ENT surgeon ...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2018
Background: Squamosal COM is a condition caused by various etiological factors which are likely t... more Background: Squamosal COM is a condition caused by various etiological factors which are likely to affect the other side too. If diagnosed and intervened in time, the progression of the disease from simple negative middle ear pressure to cholesteatoma formation can be prevented and ear can be protected from hearing loss. Therefore it is important to assess and evaluate the contralateral ear appropriately.Methods: This prospective study included patients above six years of age suffering from unilateral squamosal chronic otitis media. Their contralateral ears were examined and assessed for any ear disease. Results: We found various conditions in contralateral ears ranging from normal tympanic membrane to various types and grades of retractions of pars tensa as well as pars flaccida and some infectious conditions too. The commonest finding was secretory otitis media (23%) and the least common was otomycosis (3%).Conclusions: Most common status in contralateral ear was found to be secr...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2017
Background: Tuberculosis has become a common occurrence in Otorhinolaryngology with increasing nu... more Background: Tuberculosis has become a common occurrence in Otorhinolaryngology with increasing number of extra pulmonary cases. Methods: This is a study of 27 patients who visited ENT OPD of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, with variety of manifestations of tuberculosis in the ENT region. Results: Majority of those suffered from tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy, other manifestations included laryngeal tuberculosis, tuberculous otitis media, lupus vulgaris and tuberculous infection of a pre auricular sinus. FNAC and histopathologic examination proved to be reliable tools of diagnosis. Five of these patients suffered from concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis. All these responded well to category 1 anti-tubercular therapy well. Conclusions: Tuberculosis in Otorhinolaryngology shows a variety of manifestations so it should be kept in mind whenever dealing with unusual presentations.
Glomus tympanicum is a slow-growing benign tumor that can be locally destructive, spreading along... more Glomus tympanicum is a slow-growing benign tumor that can be locally destructive, spreading along the path of least resistance. Conventionally seen as soft tissue mass in the middle ear, it is difficult to distinguish glomus tympanicum from other soft tissue masses of the tympanic cavity, especially as it hides behind an intact tympanic membrane. The primary diagnostic modalities are CT scan and MRI for evaluation of the exact anatomical extent and size of the glomus tumors. Embolization following an angiographic study helps to identify the feeding arteries with subsequent blocking of the same, thus helping in the reduction of intraoperative hemorrhage. The currently available modalities of treatment are mainly surgery and radiotherapy. Here, we report a case of a 40-year-old female who presented with unilateral deafness and tinnitus, with no co-morbidities. She showed a red bulging mass behind an intact tympanic membrane on otoscopy and otomicroscopy with mild conductive hearing loss. MRI showed an intensely enhancing lesion in the mesotympanum and hypotympanum along the cochlear promontory. A diagnosis of glomus tympanicum was made based on clinical, audiological, and radiological findings. Pre-operative embolization was carried out 48 hours before the surgery. Complete resection of the tumor was achieved by microsurgery.
Adenoid enlargement is uncommon in adults. Usually, enlarged adenoids are misdiagnosed in adults ... more Adenoid enlargement is uncommon in adults. Usually, enlarged adenoids are misdiagnosed in adults and accordingly maltreated. In our study, 13 cases of adenoid hypertrophy were seen between the age group of 18 to 39 years. Patients came with complaints of nasal obstruction, snoring and mouth breathing. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy showed enlarged soft tissue in the nasopharynx, probably hypertrophied adenoids. Computerised tomography was done to rule out other differential diagnosis. After surgical excis ion the t issue was sent for histopathological examination that confirmed our diagnosis. For complete removal transnasal endoscopes were used in assistance. Patients were regularly followed up for any recurrence. At the end of the study we came to the conclusion that instead of regressing in a natural physiological way with age, adenoids can remain in the nasopharynx, sometimes getting enlarged due to infection. We should keep enlarged adenoids as differential diagnosis in adults while...
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