Excessive electrical consumption within buildings is a common issue across all sectors. Each sect... more Excessive electrical consumption within buildings is a common issue across all sectors. Each sector responds to this differently, and the Higher Education (HE) sector is no exception, where energy-intensive laboratories are prevalent in most universities. The COVID-19 crisis has meant that these laboratories have either closed or reduced their opening hours; hereby, this offers an excellent opportunity to assess how shutdown periods impact on electrical consumption. This research assesses unregulated electrical consumption within a single laboratory building, which functions as a research engineering building. An Energy-Management System (EMS) was used to collect the room-level data, primarily electrical consumption. This study found that unregulated electricity consumption typically reduced rapidly during the shutdown period with a percentage reduction of 46.61% between the week before lockdown and the week during the lockdown.
Price support allows communities to raise low-cost citizen finance for renewable energy projects ... more Price support allows communities to raise low-cost citizen finance for renewable energy projects Community energy groups can raise citizen finance for renewable energy projects at lower interest rates than from commercial lenders, but they often depend on price guarantee schemes. Policies providing price stability and business model innovations are needed to realize the sector's potential contribution to the zero-carbon energy transition.
Building Services Engineering Research and Technology
Energy consumption in buildings varies considerably depending on type and usage. However, monitor... more Energy consumption in buildings varies considerably depending on type and usage. However, monitoring and regulation of electrical power consumption due to user-related activities are not presently embedded in current English Building Regulations. These energy uses include lifts, server rooms, and small power loads, and are collectively referred to as unregulated energy usage. As part of a larger study of unregulated energy usage in university campus buildings, this paper describes the development and demonstration of a methodology for quantifying unregulated power usage using Building Energy Management System data for a case study university. The methodology was applied to four different buildings. This approach was applied to a Chemical Laboratory, a Physical Science Laboratory, a Library and an Administration Office. The results obtained revealed that electrical consumption was consistently much higher than traditional benchmarks suggest as being normal, particularly within the la...
Projected growth in the international shipping industry is set to outstrip CO 2 reductions arisin... more Projected growth in the international shipping industry is set to outstrip CO 2 reductions arising from incremental improvements to technology and operations currently being planned and implemented. Using original scenarios, this paper demonstrates for the first time that it is possible for a nation's shipping to make a fair contribution to meeting global climate change commitments, but that this requires transformation of the sector. The scale and nature of technology change varies depending on the level of demand and how this is satisfied. The scenarios show that to develop successful marine mitigation policy, it is essential to consider the interdependencies between ship speed, level and pattern of demand for services, and the extent and rate of innovation in propulsion technology. Across the scenarios, it is difficult to foresee how deep decarbonisation can be achieved without an immediate, fleet-wide speed reduction; and a land-based energy-system transition strongly influences shipping demand, which in turn, influences the extent of required low-carbon propulsion technology change. Setting the industry on a 2°C heading requires multifaceted and near-term changes in the shipping sector, but these are unlikely to materialise without a major shift by stakeholders to realise new and innovative deep decarbonisation policies in the coming decade.
This paper summarises results from empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal re... more This paper summarises results from empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal responses to CO 2 storage, framed around the concept of social license to operate (SLO). The essential characteristic of SLO is based on a partnership between communities, operators and government and is thus dependent on a variety of factors that contribute to building trust between the stakeholders. Drawing on data from media analysis, stakeholder interviews and focus groups deployed in two locations in the UK, we explore social factors that could influence an emerging SLO for CO 2 storage in the UK, drawing lessons from an analogous technology.
A common LCA and NEA framework for prospective, consequential analysis is discussed. Approach to ... more A common LCA and NEA framework for prospective, consequential analysis is discussed. Approach to combined LCA and NEA of distributed generation scenarios is proposed. Static and dynamic temporal allocation needed to assess distributed generation uptake.
The ongoing exclusion of aviation and shipping emissions from UK carbon budgets further tests the... more The ongoing exclusion of aviation and shipping emissions from UK carbon budgets further tests the veracity of the coalition's claim to be the "greenest government ever" claim the authors of this Tyndall Centre Briefing Note.
... To estimate the emissions from the UK's international aviation industry, NETCEN ... more ... To estimate the emissions from the UK's international aviation industry, NETCEN takes into account aircraft movements, distances travelled, deliveries of aviation spirit and turbine fuel, and the consumption of aviation turbine fuel by the military (Watterson et al., 2004). ...
In Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Dangerous Rates of Change Conference Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Dangerous Rates of Change Conference 2008, Sep 1, 2008
In Challenges For Integrated Assessment in a Fast Changing World Efiea Conference Berlin Challenges For Integrated Assessment in a Fast Changing World Efiea Conference Berlin 2005, Mar 1, 2005
This paper introduces the method of decomposition analysis, and briefly discusses how it has been... more This paper introduces the method of decomposition analysis, and briefly discusses how it has been used in relation to patterns of energy consumption. It then uses decomposition analysis to discuss two radically different scenarios of UK energy use through to 2050, both of which result in a 60% reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide. The ratios of the decomposition analysis are discussed in relation to the social and economic drivers of energy use, and the kinds of changes in these drivers which would be necessary to bring the ratios about. In this way decomposition analysis is shown to be a useful technique both to generate quantitative scenarios of this kind, and to cast light on the socioeconomic conditions which they imply.
ABSTRACT Presents a range of possible techno-economic and social scenarios of decarbonisation wit... more ABSTRACT Presents a range of possible techno-economic and social scenarios of decarbonisation within the UK, including quantitative and qualitative analyses and interpretations.
Excessive electrical consumption within buildings is a common issue across all sectors. Each sect... more Excessive electrical consumption within buildings is a common issue across all sectors. Each sector responds to this differently, and the Higher Education (HE) sector is no exception, where energy-intensive laboratories are prevalent in most universities. The COVID-19 crisis has meant that these laboratories have either closed or reduced their opening hours; hereby, this offers an excellent opportunity to assess how shutdown periods impact on electrical consumption. This research assesses unregulated electrical consumption within a single laboratory building, which functions as a research engineering building. An Energy-Management System (EMS) was used to collect the room-level data, primarily electrical consumption. This study found that unregulated electricity consumption typically reduced rapidly during the shutdown period with a percentage reduction of 46.61% between the week before lockdown and the week during the lockdown.
Price support allows communities to raise low-cost citizen finance for renewable energy projects ... more Price support allows communities to raise low-cost citizen finance for renewable energy projects Community energy groups can raise citizen finance for renewable energy projects at lower interest rates than from commercial lenders, but they often depend on price guarantee schemes. Policies providing price stability and business model innovations are needed to realize the sector's potential contribution to the zero-carbon energy transition.
Building Services Engineering Research and Technology
Energy consumption in buildings varies considerably depending on type and usage. However, monitor... more Energy consumption in buildings varies considerably depending on type and usage. However, monitoring and regulation of electrical power consumption due to user-related activities are not presently embedded in current English Building Regulations. These energy uses include lifts, server rooms, and small power loads, and are collectively referred to as unregulated energy usage. As part of a larger study of unregulated energy usage in university campus buildings, this paper describes the development and demonstration of a methodology for quantifying unregulated power usage using Building Energy Management System data for a case study university. The methodology was applied to four different buildings. This approach was applied to a Chemical Laboratory, a Physical Science Laboratory, a Library and an Administration Office. The results obtained revealed that electrical consumption was consistently much higher than traditional benchmarks suggest as being normal, particularly within the la...
Projected growth in the international shipping industry is set to outstrip CO 2 reductions arisin... more Projected growth in the international shipping industry is set to outstrip CO 2 reductions arising from incremental improvements to technology and operations currently being planned and implemented. Using original scenarios, this paper demonstrates for the first time that it is possible for a nation's shipping to make a fair contribution to meeting global climate change commitments, but that this requires transformation of the sector. The scale and nature of technology change varies depending on the level of demand and how this is satisfied. The scenarios show that to develop successful marine mitigation policy, it is essential to consider the interdependencies between ship speed, level and pattern of demand for services, and the extent and rate of innovation in propulsion technology. Across the scenarios, it is difficult to foresee how deep decarbonisation can be achieved without an immediate, fleet-wide speed reduction; and a land-based energy-system transition strongly influences shipping demand, which in turn, influences the extent of required low-carbon propulsion technology change. Setting the industry on a 2°C heading requires multifaceted and near-term changes in the shipping sector, but these are unlikely to materialise without a major shift by stakeholders to realise new and innovative deep decarbonisation policies in the coming decade.
This paper summarises results from empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal re... more This paper summarises results from empirical research with the broad aim of exploring societal responses to CO 2 storage, framed around the concept of social license to operate (SLO). The essential characteristic of SLO is based on a partnership between communities, operators and government and is thus dependent on a variety of factors that contribute to building trust between the stakeholders. Drawing on data from media analysis, stakeholder interviews and focus groups deployed in two locations in the UK, we explore social factors that could influence an emerging SLO for CO 2 storage in the UK, drawing lessons from an analogous technology.
A common LCA and NEA framework for prospective, consequential analysis is discussed. Approach to ... more A common LCA and NEA framework for prospective, consequential analysis is discussed. Approach to combined LCA and NEA of distributed generation scenarios is proposed. Static and dynamic temporal allocation needed to assess distributed generation uptake.
The ongoing exclusion of aviation and shipping emissions from UK carbon budgets further tests the... more The ongoing exclusion of aviation and shipping emissions from UK carbon budgets further tests the veracity of the coalition's claim to be the "greenest government ever" claim the authors of this Tyndall Centre Briefing Note.
... To estimate the emissions from the UK's international aviation industry, NETCEN ... more ... To estimate the emissions from the UK's international aviation industry, NETCEN takes into account aircraft movements, distances travelled, deliveries of aviation spirit and turbine fuel, and the consumption of aviation turbine fuel by the military (Watterson et al., 2004). ...
In Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Dangerous Rates of Change Conference Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Dangerous Rates of Change Conference 2008, Sep 1, 2008
In Challenges For Integrated Assessment in a Fast Changing World Efiea Conference Berlin Challenges For Integrated Assessment in a Fast Changing World Efiea Conference Berlin 2005, Mar 1, 2005
This paper introduces the method of decomposition analysis, and briefly discusses how it has been... more This paper introduces the method of decomposition analysis, and briefly discusses how it has been used in relation to patterns of energy consumption. It then uses decomposition analysis to discuss two radically different scenarios of UK energy use through to 2050, both of which result in a 60% reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide. The ratios of the decomposition analysis are discussed in relation to the social and economic drivers of energy use, and the kinds of changes in these drivers which would be necessary to bring the ratios about. In this way decomposition analysis is shown to be a useful technique both to generate quantitative scenarios of this kind, and to cast light on the socioeconomic conditions which they imply.
ABSTRACT Presents a range of possible techno-economic and social scenarios of decarbonisation wit... more ABSTRACT Presents a range of possible techno-economic and social scenarios of decarbonisation within the UK, including quantitative and qualitative analyses and interpretations.
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Papers by Sarah Mander