Papers by Alexander Fainleib
Nanocomposites of cyanate ester resin (CER) filled with three different reactive amino-functional... more Nanocomposites of cyanate ester resin (CER) filled with three different reactive amino-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) were synthesized and characterized. The addition of a small quantity (0.1 wt.%) of amino-POSS chemically grafted to the CER network led to increasing thermal stability of CER matrix. A significant increase of the glass transition temperature, Tg (DSC data), and the temperature of α relaxation, Tα (DMTA data), by 45-55 оС of CER matrix with loading of nanofillers was evidenced. CER/POSS films exhibited a higher storage modulus than that of neat CER in the temperature range investigated. It was evidenced that CER/aminopropylisobutyl (APIB)-POSS, CER/N-phenylaminopropyl (NPAP)-POSS, and CER/aminoethyl aminopropylisobutyl (AEAPIB)-POSS nanocomposites induced a more homogenous α relaxation phenomenon with higher Tα values and an enhanced nanocomposite elastic behavior. Furthermore, CER/amino-POSS nanocomposites possessed higher specific surface...
Syntactic Foams as Composite Materials for High-Tech Industries
Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, May 2, 2018
Modification of asphalt is a fundamental method around the world mainly on the purpose of providi... more Modification of asphalt is a fundamental method around the world mainly on the purpose of providing more durable pavements which lead to diminish repairing cost during the lifetime of highways. Various polymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) make up the greater parts of the all-over asphalt modifiers generally providing better physical properties of asphalt by decreasing temperature dependency which eventually diminishes permanent deformation on highways such as rutting. However, some waste and low-cost materials such as recycled plastics and ground rubber tire have been attempted to utilize in asphalt as modifier instead of manufactured polymer modifiers due to decreasing the eventual highway cost. On the other hand, the usage of recycled plastics has become a worldwide requirement and awareness in order to decrease the pollution made by waste plastics. Hence, finding an area in which recycling plastics could be utilized has been targeted by many research teams so as to reduce polymer manufacturing and plastic pollution. To this end, in this paper, thermoplastic dynamic vulcanizate (TDV) obtained from recycled post-consumer polyethylene and ground tire rubber (GTR) were used to provide an efficient modifier for asphalt which decreases the production cost as well and finally might provide an ecological solution by decreasing polymer disposal problems. TDV was synthesized by the chemists in the research group by means of the abovementioned components that are considered as compatible physical characteristic of asphalt materials. TDV modified asphalt samples having different rate of proportions of 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 wt.% TDV modifier were prepared. Conventional tests, such as penetration, softening point and roll thin film oven (RTFO) tests were performed to obtain fundamental physical and aging properties of the base and modified binders. The high temperature performance grade (PG) of binders was determined by Superpave tests conducted on original and aged binders. The multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test which is relatively up-to-date method for classifying asphalts taking account of their elasticity abilities was carried out to evaluate PG plus grades of binders. The results obtained from performance grading, and MSCR tests were also evaluated together so as to make a comparison between the methods both aiming to determine rheological parameters of asphalt. The test results revealed that TDV modification leads to a decrease in penetration, an increase in softening point, which proves an increasing stiffness of asphalt.
Molecular Mobility in Semi-IPNs of Linear Polyurethane and Heterocyclic Polymer Networks
Journal of Adhesion, Aug 1, 1997
A study of the thermal and mechanical properties of new semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (I... more A study of the thermal and mechanical properties of new semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN's) based on linear polyurethane (PU) and crosslinked trimerized dicyanate (TDC) reveals the existence of structures characterized by the absence of chemical interactions. Two distinct glass transitions are observed in the thermograms, as an indication of the fact that the two polymeric components preserve their molecular structure.
Термогравіметричний аналіз поліціанурат-поліуретанових прищеплених взаємопроникних сіток
Effect of the carbon filler on the curing kinetics of epoxycyanate cooligomer
Macromolecular Symposia, May 1, 2001
The influence of carbon fibre on the curing kinetics of the prepolymer based on bisphenol A cyanu... more The influence of carbon fibre on the curing kinetics of the prepolymer based on bisphenol A cyanurate and epoxy resin has been studied using infra-red spectroscopy. It was found that curing process of prepolymer is very complicated. It is shown that in curing the prepolymer a number of ...
Ultra-heat resistant nanocomposites based on heterocyclic networks: structure, properties, origin of thermal stability
Journal of physics, Nov 1, 2021
A series of the hybrid Bisphenol A based Phthalonitrile (BAPhN)/amino-Montmorillonite (amino-MMT)... more A series of the hybrid Bisphenol A based Phthalonitrile (BAPhN)/amino-Montmorillonite (amino-MMT) polymer nanocomposites with the complex heterocyclic matrix network and 0.03–5.0 wt.% amino-MMT were synthesized and studied. Their molecular structure, nanostructure, molecular dynamics, thermal, relaxation and elastic properties were characterized using TEM, EDXS, DMA, TGA, FTIR and Far-IR spectroscopies including also the experiments in flowing nitrogen medium. Depending on nanofiller content, different extents of MMT stacks exfoliation, from a single nanolayer to stacks with tens nanolayers-thickness, were registered in these nanocomposites. The exceptional combining of high temperature properties was revealed for these nanocomposites.
Materials, Jul 29, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Physics of the Solid State, Aug 1, 2019
The heterocyclic polymer network nanocomposites obtained from bisphtalonitrile and various (from ... more The heterocyclic polymer network nanocomposites obtained from bisphtalonitrile and various (from 0.03 to 5 wt %) modified silicate montmorillonite (MMT) nanolayers are studied. The nanostructure together with thermal, relaxation, and elastic properties of the composites are characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). DMA and TGA measurements were performed in air and nitrogen mediums in the temperature range from 20 to 600-900°C. There was a various degree of exfoliation of MMT in the matrix to form single nanolayers, as well as thin and "thick" packs of MMT nanolayers, depending on its amount. We showed that there are strong constraining dynamics effects of the matrix by nanoparticles and sharp dynamic heterogeneity in the glass transition. We found that there are possibilities of complete suppression of the latter and of preservation of elastic characteristics of the composites unchanged at the temperatures from 20 to 600°C. The nanocomposites exhibit uniquely high thermal properties. A glass transition temperature of 570°C and satisfactory thermal stability are achieved with preservation of integrity of the material up to ~500°C in air and up to ∼900°C in nitrogen.
Hybrid cyanate ester resin-based nanocomposites: Increased indentation size effect due to anomalous composition of micron subsurface layer
Polymer Testing, Aug 1, 2016
Abstract Hardness of materials increases with decreasing indentation depth from macro-to nano-sca... more Abstract Hardness of materials increases with decreasing indentation depth from macro-to nano-scales, which is known as the indentation size effect (ISE). This effect has been associated with indenter shape, frictional forces, dislocation models and other features. We show an anomalously high ISE for a 1-μm subsurface layer in the hybrid nanocomposites based on densely cross-linked Cyanate Ester Resins (CER) containing functionalized 3-D POSS or 2-D MMT nanoparticles (NP). This effect disappears after mechanical stripping of the surface layer. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectral analysis shows that this anomaly was caused by increased content of NP (Si and Al elements), by 2.5 times, in the 1-μm subsurface layer. The hardness of the 1-μm subsurface layer in these brittle nanocomposites is due to its peculiar composition, and must be taken into account when considering mechanical strength and frictional properties.
Thermochimica Acta, Jun 1, 2006
The temperature dependence of heat capacity and characteristics of physical transformations of pa... more The temperature dependence of heat capacity and characteristics of physical transformations of partially crystalline linear aliphatic polyurethanes based on 1,4-diisocyanatobutane with 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol have been studied over the range 6.5-490 K by precision adiabatic vacuum and dynamic calorimetry. The calorimetric data were used to determine the thermodynamic quantities of devitrification and fusion and to calculate the standard thermodynamic functions C 0 p (T), H 0 (T) − H 0 (0), S 0 (T) and G 0 (T) − H 0 (0) of linear polyurethanes in totally crystalline and amorphous states. The values of the fractal dimension D in the function of multifractal generalization of Debye's theory of the heat capacity of solids were estimated and the character of heterodynamics of their structures was detected. The energies of combustion of the substances were measured in a calorimeter with an isothermal shield and a static bomb. The enthalpies of combustion and the standard thermodynamic characteristics of formation of the polymers at T = 298.15 K were calculated too. The standard thermodynamic characteristics of polycondensation processes in bulk of 1,4-diisocyanatobutane with 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol followed by the formation of linear polyurethanes were determined in the range from 0 to 350 K. A comparative analysis of the corresponding standard thermodynamic properties of the polymers under consideration and polyurethanes of isomeric structure was made and some dependences of their change on various conditions were found.
Construction and Building Materials, 2020
h i g h l i g h t s A neat binder was modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), ground tire ... more h i g h l i g h t s A neat binder was modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), ground tire rubber (GTR) or polyphosphoric acid (PPA). Rheological properties of neat and modified asphalt binders were investigated. The multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) protocol was successfully used to grade all the binders. ''Percent difference" criterion of the MSCR protocol seems to be unjustified.
2-Oxazolidinones
Russian Chemical Reviews, Jun 30, 1983
ABSTRACT
Nanomaterials, Jun 14, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Мах Phase (Mxene) in Polymer Materials
Polìmernij žurnal, Sep 16, 2022
This article is a review of the Mn+1AXn phases (“MAX phases”, where n = 1, 2 or 3), their MXene d... more This article is a review of the Mn+1AXn phases (“MAX phases”, where n = 1, 2 or 3), their MXene derivatives and the reinforcement of polymers with these materials. The MAX phases are a class of hexagonal-structure ternary carbides and nitrides ("X") of the transition metal ("M") and the A-group element. The unique combination of chemical, physical, electrical and mechanical properties that combine the characteristics of metals and ceramics is of interest to researchers in the MAX phases. For example, MAX phases are typically resistant to oxidation and corrosion, elastic, but at the same time, they have high thermal and electrical conductivity and are machinable. These properties stem from an inherently nanolaminated crystal structure, with Mn+1Xn slabs intercalated with pure A-element layers. To date, more than 150 MAX phases have been synthesized. In 2011, a new family of 2D materials, called MXene, was synthesized, emphasizing the connection with the MAX phases and their dimension. Several approaches to the synthesis of MXene have been developed, including selective etching in a mixture of fluoride salts and various acids, non-aqueous etching solutions, halogens and molten salts, which allows the synthesis of new materials with better control over the chemical composition of their surface. The use of MAX phases and MXene for polymer reinforcement increases their thermal, electrical and mechanical properties. Thus, the addition of fillers increases the glass transition temperature by an average of 10%, bending strength by 30%, compressive strength by 70%, tensile strength up to 200%, microhardness by 40%, reduces friction coefficient and makes the composite material self-lubricating, and 1 % wt. MAX phases increases thermal conductivity by 23%, Young’s modulus increases. The use of composites as components of sensors, electromagnetic protection, wearable technologies, in current sources, in aerospace and military applications, etc. are proposed.
Structure, morphology, and thermal stability of mesoporous films based on high-performance polycyanurates
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013
International audienc
Recycling of RPE/ Ground Tire Rubber Blends: Properties and Applications
Reactions that occur during the synthesis of 3-phenyl-5-phenoxymethyl-2-N-phenyliminooxazolidine
Russian Chemical Bulletin, Sep 1, 1983
ABSTRACT
Polytetramethylene glycol-modified polycyanurate matrices reinforced with nanoclays: synthesis and thermomechanical performance
Mechanics of Composite Materials, Mar 1, 2009
Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers in Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA eBooks, Feb 9, 2006
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Papers by Alexander Fainleib