Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published versi... more Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Olsson, G. (1980). Automatic Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants. (Technical Reports TFRT-7199).
has deep insights and wisdom on the importance of synergy between water and energy sectors, thus ... more has deep insights and wisdom on the importance of synergy between water and energy sectors, thus this book would serve as a main reference for professionals on how both sectors could serve the needs of the people in a sustainable manner!" Dato' Seri Ir. Dr. Zaini Ujang Secretary-general, Energy, Green Technology and Water Ministry (KeTTHA), Malaysia "Too many people still lack access to clean water and energy. Professor Gustaf Olsson skilfully explains how modern clean energy options could bring clean water to less privileged people all over the world. This book truly deepens our understanding of the waterenergy nexus."
Automation is a collection of a whole set of theories and methods to make a system work automatic... more Automation is a collection of a whole set of theories and methods to make a system work automatically as intended, in our case the urban water supply system. A critical feature of automation is the feedback principle: a sensor is measuring a certain variable, e.g. a concentration; a computer tests that the measurement is valid; a computer algorithm calculates and decides what should be corrected; a pump or valve or some other device transforms the decision to action. All of this is untouched by human hand. The 'intention', or the goal, must be provided to the controller. The key component of automation is the system that can represent any component or process in the water supply system and even the complete system. Automation technology always must be combined with a true understanding of people at all levels. Otherwise, there is a high risk for misunderstandings and failures. Three categories of problems are highlighted, where automation can contribute: uncertainty, feedback, and complexity. A key challenge is the handling of disturbances. Integrated management of the whole urban water cycle will be required in future urban areas to acquire sustainable operations. Automation is a crucial condition to make integration possible in complex systems.
An integrated model for membrane bioreactors (MBR) was employed in view of the management optimiz... more An integrated model for membrane bioreactors (MBR) was employed in view of the management optimization of an MBR biological nutrient removal (BNR) pilot plant in terms of operational costs and direct greenhouse gases emissions. The influence of the operational parameters (OPs) on performance indicators (PIs) was investigated by adopting the Extended-FAST sensitivity analysis method. Further, a multi-objective analysis was performed by applying the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results show-up that the sludge retention time is the OP mostly affecting all the investigated PIs. By applying the set of optimal OPs, there was a reduction of 48% and 10% of the operational costs and direct emissions, respectively.
This review covers automatic control of continuous aeration systems in municipal wastewater treat... more This review covers automatic control of continuous aeration systems in municipal wastewater treatment plants. The review focuses on published research in the 21st century and describes research into various methods to decide and control the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and to control the aerobic volume with special focus on plants with nitrogen removal. Important aspects of control system implementation and success are discussed, together with a critical review of published research on the topic. With respect to DO control and determination, the strategies used for control span from modifications and developments of conventional control methods which have been explored since the 1970s, to advanced control such as model-based predictive and optimal controllers. The review is supplemented with a summary of comparisons between control strategies evaluated in full-scale, pilot-scale and in simulations.
Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energ... more Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energy consumers at municipal level worldwide. Estimates indicate that on average these facilities alone may require about 1% to 3% of the total electric energy output of a country, representing a significant fraction of municipal energy bills. Specific power consumption of state-of-the-art facilities should range between 20 and 45 kWh per population-equivalent served, per year, even though older plants may have even higher demands. This figure does not include wastewater conveyance (pumping) and residues post-processing. On the other hand, wastewater and its byproducts contain energy in different forms: chemical, thermal and potential. Until very recently, the only form of energy recovery from most facilities consisted of anaerobic post-digestion of process residuals (waste sludge), by which chemical energy methane is obtained as biogas, in amounts generally sufficient to cover about half of plant requirements. Implementation of new technologies may allow more efficient strategies of energy savings and recovery from sewage treatment. Besides wastewater valorization by exploitation of its chemical and thermal energy contents, closure of the wastewater cycle by recovery of the energy content of process residuals could allow significant additional energy recovery and increased greenhouse emissions abatement.
Sp ons o ríng org anìs atìon .Å-keshov-Nockeby Avloppsverk. Studier av metoder att erhälla nitriû... more Sp ons o ríng org anìs atìon .Å-keshov-Nockeby Avloppsverk. Studier av metoder att erhälla nitriû.kation och en långtgående fosforreduktion. (.Å-keshov-Nockeby Avloppsverk. Static analysis of a nitrifying activated sludge process).
Intr:oC.ue1-.i cn l some +-ypicaï problerns in ci:eriir:al process cÕntîoi 3 ïn.strumestatiôn and... more Intr:oC.ue1-.i cn l some +-ypicaï problerns in ci:eriir:al process cÕntîoi 3 ïn.strumestatiôn and" measureftents iaj J. r irûl-l.uf ion instruneataticrn ? 3. 2 .Aår poiJ_uticn charecterisÈics 3,-J ,4ir poi-iutir:n r¡cnit*:ring r 3"4 l'trastäi.¡ater inonitcr"ing-r I 3. 5 Åutorna¿j.on of anaiyri"g ins,truments l-1 13 sfethods fo:: pracess node3-i-ng anci con*rol systen designi6 4,i l.tocfetinql and paramet.er eståmatåon 4. ? Ccnt::ol of singi.e "iriaf f es lf 4.3 Non-in.Leracting controt i/' 4.4 þt,rdel reductioà L8 4,5 Mr:LtivaråabLe control Èheory *: 4 "6 F.econstruction or state variables 1i 4.7 Àdapr j.ve cor¿trÕl ;à 1'he rore of computers in che¡nicar. process control 23 5"1 RevÍew of the present status 5.2 some trends i"-"årnpüi*, con.trol 23 25 llppJ-icet.io¡rs to mâss t.ransfer prÕcesses 27 6,1 Þåstål-lation columns 6.2 Dist^il-lation c"fu*"-Aynamics 27 6 .3 F'eed f orward contror-¿ a's¿*ree 28 S, ê' Regularion. and sreàãy-sl.!" oprimization ;3 6.5 raultivariable contror of aistiri;tio* columns 33 $.6 tlther contrcl aigorithms v" vv¿u¡r¡¡rÈ 34 5.7 ReeonstructÍon oi proc*ss variables 2c 6 " I ûther mass tra.nsfel processes j; ;1,pp1åcat,ions to chemicaL reactors J7 7.L Classification of re¿ictors j? 7.2 Stirr:ed iank reactor d.yrrarnics and controL 3g 7.3 Tubular and fixed. bed reactors "'¡¡Lr'\r¿ 42 Appi.ications to r¿astewat.er Èreatment 45 8.å Þrhy control? 8.2 í'iastewat.er conposition 45 46 I " 3 some basic features oi r,¡aster¡ater. trêatment pr-ants*7 8.
This report gives a survey of the results achieved at the Division of Automatic Control during th... more This report gives a survey of the results achieved at the Division of Automatic Control during the year 1972-1973. ' Most of the research has been centered around the Process Control Project. The project contains system identification, computational control, real time computing, adaptive control, system theory, non-technical systems and applications. During the year 19 published papers and 44 technical reports have been written. Two PhD theses, one licentiat thesis and 18 MS-theses have also been completed.
This report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the acad... more This report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the academic year 1974-1975. Five different courses were given at the civ ing level ("' ~lS). About 480 students participated in the courses. During the year 21 MS-theses and one P:'1D thesis were comT)leteJ. 'l'he research centered around the areas system identification, adaptive control, computer aided design of control systems. The applications covered modelling and autopilots for supertankers, modelling of activated sludge processes, and control of climatized buildings. The members of the staff wrote 39 paper's and. 50 technical reports.
The report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the acade... more The report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the academic year 1973-1974. Five different courses in automatic control are given at the civ.ing. degree (~MS). About 260 students participated in one or more courses. 21 MS theses have been completed. In the graduate program four PhD theses have been completed. The main research effort is centered around process control. The projects include system identification, adaptive control, computational control, computer aided design of control systems, real-time computing, systern theory, non-technical systems and applications. In the year 37 published papers and 44 technical reports have been written.
Êohum¡n¡u tglv.l. fúli'à rnstitute of Technolosy 1'.":1it*' Dept of Automatlc cãnuol C9'br"sotr' ... more Êohum¡n¡u tglv.l. fúli'à rnstitute of Technolosy 1'.":1it*' Dept of Automatlc cãnuol C9'br"sotr' Förl.ttat f9rÈirrulad, c. olsson Klrr¡it¡krt¡onr¡y¡taÍn och-k l¡¡¡(or) 5OTÛ lndlrtcrm¡¡ (angû klillål 52TiJ Ookum.ntb.t ctnlñ¡ rutrpz/6fnr-z I sr) / L-36 Anndrbrtrckntn¡ (1979) OóTó 1 0T4 Þokumontl¡t l och undartlt.l 1 8T0 Styrning av avLoppsreningsverk (Control of wastewater treatment processes) Ft.l.r.r (úmmtndrag) fÉê" report Ís the flnal report to the Swedish Board for Technical Development (STU) on a project .',gg!Igl of, wast ter treatment plantst' (STU 74*3204, 7.6-52471. The project has been a cooperatlve effort, between Dat,ema AB, the Department of Automatic control, Lund Instltute of Srk rctrr¡uppgiltrr ó0T0 rssN 60T4
Ttre pr-rpose of this work is to find linear stochastic point models of lov¡ order of the Halden ... more Ttre pr-rpose of this work is to find linear stochastic point models of lov¡ order of the Halden poili¡.ø f/later Feactor'(HBI"B). fhe npcels should t'e used for control of ccreores.,-r"" "rJ.,.r.lear power. Another goal is to test different identification methods on a large system like a nuclear reactor. The plant is a r.rultivariable system and tlree lnputs are ccnsider.e<ì essentiar, viz. a consumers stee1n valve, a subcooling flov; valve a¡d reactivi.ty frõm control rods. The roode:s are ass,-::red iin"ur, i,¡r""á sore p¿rane-lers depend cn the operating Ievel. A nu¡ùer of icentification experirents have been performecì on the HBI¡.F. in cooperation v¡i*.h the 6ECD Ha1den Reactor hoject in llcn^ay. After a series of iinele inçu-i erperil".r.r.r r"uå"ãi-nultivariable runs have been perfcrrnec. rn the latter cese t\.¡o or three inputs v,er.à used'i"aepet,ãer,iry i,.r ¡=..,co randor,i bina:.y seguencest l"'hi1e the nuclear power and pressure contrors b¡ere reriol/ec. MODELING AÌ{D IDENTTIFICATION 0F NUCIEAI POI^ER RFACTOR Dtl.tAt{ICS FROM T4ULTIVARTABLE EXPERT}EÌITS
Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published versi... more Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Olsson, G. (1980). Automatic Control in Wastewater Treatment Plants. (Technical Reports TFRT-7199).
has deep insights and wisdom on the importance of synergy between water and energy sectors, thus ... more has deep insights and wisdom on the importance of synergy between water and energy sectors, thus this book would serve as a main reference for professionals on how both sectors could serve the needs of the people in a sustainable manner!" Dato' Seri Ir. Dr. Zaini Ujang Secretary-general, Energy, Green Technology and Water Ministry (KeTTHA), Malaysia "Too many people still lack access to clean water and energy. Professor Gustaf Olsson skilfully explains how modern clean energy options could bring clean water to less privileged people all over the world. This book truly deepens our understanding of the waterenergy nexus."
Automation is a collection of a whole set of theories and methods to make a system work automatic... more Automation is a collection of a whole set of theories and methods to make a system work automatically as intended, in our case the urban water supply system. A critical feature of automation is the feedback principle: a sensor is measuring a certain variable, e.g. a concentration; a computer tests that the measurement is valid; a computer algorithm calculates and decides what should be corrected; a pump or valve or some other device transforms the decision to action. All of this is untouched by human hand. The 'intention', or the goal, must be provided to the controller. The key component of automation is the system that can represent any component or process in the water supply system and even the complete system. Automation technology always must be combined with a true understanding of people at all levels. Otherwise, there is a high risk for misunderstandings and failures. Three categories of problems are highlighted, where automation can contribute: uncertainty, feedback, and complexity. A key challenge is the handling of disturbances. Integrated management of the whole urban water cycle will be required in future urban areas to acquire sustainable operations. Automation is a crucial condition to make integration possible in complex systems.
An integrated model for membrane bioreactors (MBR) was employed in view of the management optimiz... more An integrated model for membrane bioreactors (MBR) was employed in view of the management optimization of an MBR biological nutrient removal (BNR) pilot plant in terms of operational costs and direct greenhouse gases emissions. The influence of the operational parameters (OPs) on performance indicators (PIs) was investigated by adopting the Extended-FAST sensitivity analysis method. Further, a multi-objective analysis was performed by applying the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results show-up that the sludge retention time is the OP mostly affecting all the investigated PIs. By applying the set of optimal OPs, there was a reduction of 48% and 10% of the operational costs and direct emissions, respectively.
This review covers automatic control of continuous aeration systems in municipal wastewater treat... more This review covers automatic control of continuous aeration systems in municipal wastewater treatment plants. The review focuses on published research in the 21st century and describes research into various methods to decide and control the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and to control the aerobic volume with special focus on plants with nitrogen removal. Important aspects of control system implementation and success are discussed, together with a critical review of published research on the topic. With respect to DO control and determination, the strategies used for control span from modifications and developments of conventional control methods which have been explored since the 1970s, to advanced control such as model-based predictive and optimal controllers. The review is supplemented with a summary of comparisons between control strategies evaluated in full-scale, pilot-scale and in simulations.
Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energ... more Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energy consumers at municipal level worldwide. Estimates indicate that on average these facilities alone may require about 1% to 3% of the total electric energy output of a country, representing a significant fraction of municipal energy bills. Specific power consumption of state-of-the-art facilities should range between 20 and 45 kWh per population-equivalent served, per year, even though older plants may have even higher demands. This figure does not include wastewater conveyance (pumping) and residues post-processing. On the other hand, wastewater and its byproducts contain energy in different forms: chemical, thermal and potential. Until very recently, the only form of energy recovery from most facilities consisted of anaerobic post-digestion of process residuals (waste sludge), by which chemical energy methane is obtained as biogas, in amounts generally sufficient to cover about half of plant requirements. Implementation of new technologies may allow more efficient strategies of energy savings and recovery from sewage treatment. Besides wastewater valorization by exploitation of its chemical and thermal energy contents, closure of the wastewater cycle by recovery of the energy content of process residuals could allow significant additional energy recovery and increased greenhouse emissions abatement.
Sp ons o ríng org anìs atìon .Å-keshov-Nockeby Avloppsverk. Studier av metoder att erhälla nitriû... more Sp ons o ríng org anìs atìon .Å-keshov-Nockeby Avloppsverk. Studier av metoder att erhälla nitriû.kation och en långtgående fosforreduktion. (.Å-keshov-Nockeby Avloppsverk. Static analysis of a nitrifying activated sludge process).
Intr:oC.ue1-.i cn l some +-ypicaï problerns in ci:eriir:al process cÕntîoi 3 ïn.strumestatiôn and... more Intr:oC.ue1-.i cn l some +-ypicaï problerns in ci:eriir:al process cÕntîoi 3 ïn.strumestatiôn and" measureftents iaj J. r irûl-l.uf ion instruneataticrn ? 3. 2 .Aår poiJ_uticn charecterisÈics 3,-J ,4ir poi-iutir:n r¡cnit*:ring r 3"4 l'trastäi.¡ater inonitcr"ing-r I 3. 5 Åutorna¿j.on of anaiyri"g ins,truments l-1 13 sfethods fo:: pracess node3-i-ng anci con*rol systen designi6 4,i l.tocfetinql and paramet.er eståmatåon 4. ? Ccnt::ol of singi.e "iriaf f es lf 4.3 Non-in.Leracting controt i/' 4.4 þt,rdel reductioà L8 4,5 Mr:LtivaråabLe control Èheory *: 4 "6 F.econstruction or state variables 1i 4.7 Àdapr j.ve cor¿trÕl ;à 1'he rore of computers in che¡nicar. process control 23 5"1 RevÍew of the present status 5.2 some trends i"-"årnpüi*, con.trol 23 25 llppJ-icet.io¡rs to mâss t.ransfer prÕcesses 27 6,1 Þåstål-lation columns 6.2 Dist^il-lation c"fu*"-Aynamics 27 6 .3 F'eed f orward contror-¿ a's¿*ree 28 S, ê' Regularion. and sreàãy-sl.!" oprimization ;3 6.5 raultivariable contror of aistiri;tio* columns 33 $.6 tlther contrcl aigorithms v" vv¿u¡r¡¡rÈ 34 5.7 ReeonstructÍon oi proc*ss variables 2c 6 " I ûther mass tra.nsfel processes j; ;1,pp1åcat,ions to chemicaL reactors J7 7.L Classification of re¿ictors j? 7.2 Stirr:ed iank reactor d.yrrarnics and controL 3g 7.3 Tubular and fixed. bed reactors "'¡¡Lr'\r¿ 42 Appi.ications to r¿astewat.er Èreatment 45 8.å Þrhy control? 8.2 í'iastewat.er conposition 45 46 I " 3 some basic features oi r,¡aster¡ater. trêatment pr-ants*7 8.
This report gives a survey of the results achieved at the Division of Automatic Control during th... more This report gives a survey of the results achieved at the Division of Automatic Control during the year 1972-1973. ' Most of the research has been centered around the Process Control Project. The project contains system identification, computational control, real time computing, adaptive control, system theory, non-technical systems and applications. During the year 19 published papers and 44 technical reports have been written. Two PhD theses, one licentiat thesis and 18 MS-theses have also been completed.
This report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the acad... more This report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the academic year 1974-1975. Five different courses were given at the civ ing level ("' ~lS). About 480 students participated in the courses. During the year 21 MS-theses and one P:'1D thesis were comT)leteJ. 'l'he research centered around the areas system identification, adaptive control, computer aided design of control systems. The applications covered modelling and autopilots for supertankers, modelling of activated sludge processes, and control of climatized buildings. The members of the staff wrote 39 paper's and. 50 technical reports.
The report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the acade... more The report gives a survey of the activity at the Department of Automatic Control during the academic year 1973-1974. Five different courses in automatic control are given at the civ.ing. degree (~MS). About 260 students participated in one or more courses. 21 MS theses have been completed. In the graduate program four PhD theses have been completed. The main research effort is centered around process control. The projects include system identification, adaptive control, computational control, computer aided design of control systems, real-time computing, systern theory, non-technical systems and applications. In the year 37 published papers and 44 technical reports have been written.
Êohum¡n¡u tglv.l. fúli'à rnstitute of Technolosy 1'.":1it*' Dept of Automatlc cãnuol C9'br"sotr' ... more Êohum¡n¡u tglv.l. fúli'à rnstitute of Technolosy 1'.":1it*' Dept of Automatlc cãnuol C9'br"sotr' Förl.ttat f9rÈirrulad, c. olsson Klrr¡it¡krt¡onr¡y¡taÍn och-k l¡¡¡(or) 5OTÛ lndlrtcrm¡¡ (angû klillål 52TiJ Ookum.ntb.t ctnlñ¡ rutrpz/6fnr-z I sr) / L-36 Anndrbrtrckntn¡ (1979) OóTó 1 0T4 Þokumontl¡t l och undartlt.l 1 8T0 Styrning av avLoppsreningsverk (Control of wastewater treatment processes) Ft.l.r.r (úmmtndrag) fÉê" report Ís the flnal report to the Swedish Board for Technical Development (STU) on a project .',gg!Igl of, wast ter treatment plantst' (STU 74*3204, 7.6-52471. The project has been a cooperatlve effort, between Dat,ema AB, the Department of Automatic control, Lund Instltute of Srk rctrr¡uppgiltrr ó0T0 rssN 60T4
Ttre pr-rpose of this work is to find linear stochastic point models of lov¡ order of the Halden ... more Ttre pr-rpose of this work is to find linear stochastic point models of lov¡ order of the Halden poili¡.ø f/later Feactor'(HBI"B). fhe npcels should t'e used for control of ccreores.,-r"" "rJ.,.r.lear power. Another goal is to test different identification methods on a large system like a nuclear reactor. The plant is a r.rultivariable system and tlree lnputs are ccnsider.e<ì essentiar, viz. a consumers stee1n valve, a subcooling flov; valve a¡d reactivi.ty frõm control rods. The roode:s are ass,-::red iin"ur, i,¡r""á sore p¿rane-lers depend cn the operating Ievel. A nu¡ùer of icentification experirents have been performecì on the HBI¡.F. in cooperation v¡i*.h the 6ECD Ha1den Reactor hoject in llcn^ay. After a series of iinele inçu-i erperil".r.r.r r"uå"ãi-nultivariable runs have been perfcrrnec. rn the latter cese t\.¡o or three inputs v,er.à used'i"aepet,ãer,iry i,.r ¡=..,co randor,i bina:.y seguencest l"'hi1e the nuclear power and pressure contrors b¡ere reriol/ec. MODELING AÌ{D IDENTTIFICATION 0F NUCIEAI POI^ER RFACTOR Dtl.tAt{ICS FROM T4ULTIVARTABLE EXPERT}EÌITS
(Buchbeschreibung)
Das locker und verständlich verfasste Lehr- und Handbuch bietet einen vollst... more (Buchbeschreibung)
Das locker und verständlich verfasste Lehr- und Handbuch bietet einen vollständigen und systematischen Querschnitt durch die gesamte Prozessleittechnik. Alle Bereiche, die für die Prozessleittechnik und Automatisierungstechnik von Bedeutung sind, wie Beispielsweise Echtzeitprogrammierung, digitale Regelung, Messsignalverarbeitung und Datenkommunikation werden ausführlich behandelt. Zudem werden diese Ausführungen durch praxisrelevante Themen, wie die Anwendung von Bussystemen und die Gestaltung der Mensch-Maschine Schnittstelle ergänzt.
Unter anderem werden aktuelle Fragestellungen, wie Beispielsweise VMEbus, der MAP-Standard, Feldbusse und ISDN behandelt. Die internationale Erfahrung der Autoren in Industrie und Forschung spiegelt sich in der ausgewogenen und oftmals kritisch wertenden Betrachtungsweise wieder. Zahlreiche Hinweise auf aktuelle Normen und Standards erlauben den Praxisbezug dieses Lehrbuches. Jedes Kapitel wird durch ausführliche, kommentierte Literaturhinweise abgeschlossen.
Uploads
Papers by Gustaf Olsson
Das locker und verständlich verfasste Lehr- und Handbuch bietet einen vollständigen und systematischen Querschnitt durch die gesamte Prozessleittechnik. Alle Bereiche, die für die Prozessleittechnik und Automatisierungstechnik von Bedeutung sind, wie Beispielsweise Echtzeitprogrammierung, digitale Regelung, Messsignalverarbeitung und Datenkommunikation werden ausführlich behandelt. Zudem werden diese Ausführungen durch praxisrelevante Themen, wie die Anwendung von Bussystemen und die Gestaltung der Mensch-Maschine Schnittstelle ergänzt.
Unter anderem werden aktuelle Fragestellungen, wie Beispielsweise VMEbus, der MAP-Standard, Feldbusse und ISDN behandelt. Die internationale Erfahrung der Autoren in Industrie und Forschung spiegelt sich in der ausgewogenen und oftmals kritisch wertenden Betrachtungsweise wieder. Zahlreiche Hinweise auf aktuelle Normen und Standards erlauben den Praxisbezug dieses Lehrbuches. Jedes Kapitel wird durch ausführliche, kommentierte Literaturhinweise abgeschlossen.