... He is central to forest conservation. The Laibonok (plural of Laibon) have unlimited rights a... more ... He is central to forest conservation. The Laibonok (plural of Laibon) have unlimited rights and access to the forest to provide divine services to the wider Maasai society rather than for their own private gains (Karanja, Tessema & Barrow, 2002). ...
Abstract (Chapter 8 of the book)
This study has been conducted in Garsen division, Tana River di... more Abstract (Chapter 8 of the book) This study has been conducted in Garsen division, Tana River district, Kenya be-tween the Orma and Wardei pastoralists on one hand and the Pokomo peasant farmers on the other. There is an urgent need to address the conflict situation in Tana River and sustainable solutions to the problems of the conflict ought to be sought to ensure development in the research area. The study aimed at finding out the causes of the conflict, factors that compel the Orma/Wardei to be in a state of preparedness for war, the socio-economic and cultural impact of the conflict and finally ways of managing the conflict. The conflict had multiple causes related to ownership of and access to of resources (land, pasture and water). The factors that lead pastoralists to be in a state of preparedness for war were cultural in character, related to their need to control the harsh physical environment they live in. The impact of the conflict is likewise multidimensional, and is characterised by the inter-action between socio-economic and cultural resources. Traditional rules or norms on conflict seem not to be observed any more, bringing us to question if culture is being degraded, and thus control reduced. From the research findings it is felt that policies on resources availability and access based on existing traditions land in the research area would be needed. In particular, it is recommended that the traditional rules on land use and ownership should be taken into consideration during land adjudication exercises that presently favour sedentary populations.
The Third World is too diverse to allow us to make many meaningful generalizations. No matter how... more The Third World is too diverse to allow us to make many meaningful generalizations. No matter how we define the Third World, some countries will fit the definition better than others. Pretty much the same can be said with regard to "underdevelopment". No one theory can explain underdevelopment everywhere, just as no one development strategy can solve all problems of
Abstract: From the fortress conservation paradigm in the 1960s and 1970s to the community based c... more Abstract: From the fortress conservation paradigm in the 1960s and 1970s to the community based conservation paradigm of the 1980s and 1990s, the ideological linkage of people and conservation of natural resources in Africa seemed to have progressed towards local ownership and local management. At present, however, it looks as though the limits of community ownership over natural resources have
The documented analysis of the forest offences revealed eight forest offence types with prevalent... more The documented analysis of the forest offences revealed eight forest offence types with prevalent cases being chainsaw milling, illegal logging and illegal farming. Between 2005 and 2010, the district recorded 121 offences with more offences occurring in the on-reserve areas than in the off-reserve areas. The timber species, which was most exploited illegally is Triplochiton scleroxylon (wawa), a scarlet star-rated species, which is under imminent economic threat. Analyses of the official records revealed lapses in record keeping since there are no references to the outcomes of most offences, especially those relating to cases under investigation by the Police and Regional Forest Services Division. A call for capacity development of the frontline staff of the Forest Services Division at the District levels is paramount especially in detecting, collecting, entering and analyzing forest offences cases and outcomes as well as training in forest investigation and incident management. Furthermore, equipping the district offices with the requisite technological equipment like computers and accessories, software and real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) trackers will enhance effective monitoring and data management of forest resources especially when Ghana is committed in ensuring timber legality under the Voluntary Partnership Agreement.
Postage stamps can be interpreted as a window on a country's identity, as viewed by the authoriti... more Postage stamps can be interpreted as a window on a country's identity, as viewed by the authorities in charge of issuing these stamps. Often they express images of a country's leaders' 'state of mind' as stamp issuing authorities are generally close to the country's leadership. As leadership changes, and also the opinions about what elements of a nation's identity should be highlighted, the images on postage stamps can also be seen as an expression of changing cultural and political identities. Stamps are miniature advertisements, both for internal consumption (people using these stamps get constant reminders of the preferred 'national identity' as expressed on stamps), and for foreign consumption (people abroad get messages of a country's self-expression, both culturally and politically).
... 12.30 Final meeting, with speeches by project leaders Francis Obeng and Fred Zaal, by the man... more ... 12.30 Final meeting, with speeches by project leaders Francis Obeng and Fred Zaal, by the manager of PAS Sandema (Emmanuel Akiskame), by ... Acheampong regime did appropriate things for the area; Spirit of voluntarism and self-help (EM); Enough food to eat and farm (EW ...
ABSTRACT Increasing pockets of agricultural effectiveness are emerging in Nigeria, Uganda, Tanzan... more ABSTRACT Increasing pockets of agricultural effectiveness are emerging in Nigeria, Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya, the four countries that made up the African part of the Tracking Development project. Research at the African Studies Centre in Leiden in its DRA-AFCA project has found rising agricultural production, improved food security and greater yields for many agricultural products since 2000. The study suggests that it is important to go beyond researching policy matters alone and to include metropole-hinterland dynamics and agro-food cluster institutions as drivers of change. This chapter offers an inventory of the evidence presented in the four research papers produced to date. The results have been compared to formulate a research agenda for the years to come.
... He is central to forest conservation. The Laibonok (plural of Laibon) have unlimited rights a... more ... He is central to forest conservation. The Laibonok (plural of Laibon) have unlimited rights and access to the forest to provide divine services to the wider Maasai society rather than for their own private gains (Karanja, Tessema & Barrow, 2002). ...
Abstract (Chapter 8 of the book)
This study has been conducted in Garsen division, Tana River di... more Abstract (Chapter 8 of the book) This study has been conducted in Garsen division, Tana River district, Kenya be-tween the Orma and Wardei pastoralists on one hand and the Pokomo peasant farmers on the other. There is an urgent need to address the conflict situation in Tana River and sustainable solutions to the problems of the conflict ought to be sought to ensure development in the research area. The study aimed at finding out the causes of the conflict, factors that compel the Orma/Wardei to be in a state of preparedness for war, the socio-economic and cultural impact of the conflict and finally ways of managing the conflict. The conflict had multiple causes related to ownership of and access to of resources (land, pasture and water). The factors that lead pastoralists to be in a state of preparedness for war were cultural in character, related to their need to control the harsh physical environment they live in. The impact of the conflict is likewise multidimensional, and is characterised by the inter-action between socio-economic and cultural resources. Traditional rules or norms on conflict seem not to be observed any more, bringing us to question if culture is being degraded, and thus control reduced. From the research findings it is felt that policies on resources availability and access based on existing traditions land in the research area would be needed. In particular, it is recommended that the traditional rules on land use and ownership should be taken into consideration during land adjudication exercises that presently favour sedentary populations.
The Third World is too diverse to allow us to make many meaningful generalizations. No matter how... more The Third World is too diverse to allow us to make many meaningful generalizations. No matter how we define the Third World, some countries will fit the definition better than others. Pretty much the same can be said with regard to "underdevelopment". No one theory can explain underdevelopment everywhere, just as no one development strategy can solve all problems of
Abstract: From the fortress conservation paradigm in the 1960s and 1970s to the community based c... more Abstract: From the fortress conservation paradigm in the 1960s and 1970s to the community based conservation paradigm of the 1980s and 1990s, the ideological linkage of people and conservation of natural resources in Africa seemed to have progressed towards local ownership and local management. At present, however, it looks as though the limits of community ownership over natural resources have
The documented analysis of the forest offences revealed eight forest offence types with prevalent... more The documented analysis of the forest offences revealed eight forest offence types with prevalent cases being chainsaw milling, illegal logging and illegal farming. Between 2005 and 2010, the district recorded 121 offences with more offences occurring in the on-reserve areas than in the off-reserve areas. The timber species, which was most exploited illegally is Triplochiton scleroxylon (wawa), a scarlet star-rated species, which is under imminent economic threat. Analyses of the official records revealed lapses in record keeping since there are no references to the outcomes of most offences, especially those relating to cases under investigation by the Police and Regional Forest Services Division. A call for capacity development of the frontline staff of the Forest Services Division at the District levels is paramount especially in detecting, collecting, entering and analyzing forest offences cases and outcomes as well as training in forest investigation and incident management. Furthermore, equipping the district offices with the requisite technological equipment like computers and accessories, software and real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) trackers will enhance effective monitoring and data management of forest resources especially when Ghana is committed in ensuring timber legality under the Voluntary Partnership Agreement.
Postage stamps can be interpreted as a window on a country's identity, as viewed by the authoriti... more Postage stamps can be interpreted as a window on a country's identity, as viewed by the authorities in charge of issuing these stamps. Often they express images of a country's leaders' 'state of mind' as stamp issuing authorities are generally close to the country's leadership. As leadership changes, and also the opinions about what elements of a nation's identity should be highlighted, the images on postage stamps can also be seen as an expression of changing cultural and political identities. Stamps are miniature advertisements, both for internal consumption (people using these stamps get constant reminders of the preferred 'national identity' as expressed on stamps), and for foreign consumption (people abroad get messages of a country's self-expression, both culturally and politically).
... 12.30 Final meeting, with speeches by project leaders Francis Obeng and Fred Zaal, by the man... more ... 12.30 Final meeting, with speeches by project leaders Francis Obeng and Fred Zaal, by the manager of PAS Sandema (Emmanuel Akiskame), by ... Acheampong regime did appropriate things for the area; Spirit of voluntarism and self-help (EM); Enough food to eat and farm (EW ...
ABSTRACT Increasing pockets of agricultural effectiveness are emerging in Nigeria, Uganda, Tanzan... more ABSTRACT Increasing pockets of agricultural effectiveness are emerging in Nigeria, Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya, the four countries that made up the African part of the Tracking Development project. Research at the African Studies Centre in Leiden in its DRA-AFCA project has found rising agricultural production, improved food security and greater yields for many agricultural products since 2000. The study suggests that it is important to go beyond researching policy matters alone and to include metropole-hinterland dynamics and agro-food cluster institutions as drivers of change. This chapter offers an inventory of the evidence presented in the four research papers produced to date. The results have been compared to formulate a research agenda for the years to come.
This thematic map illustrates how the partner countries for Dutch development cooperation have ch... more This thematic map illustrates how the partner countries for Dutch development cooperation have changed throughout the years
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Papers by Ton Dietz
This study has been conducted in Garsen division, Tana River district, Kenya be-tween the Orma and Wardei pastoralists on one hand and the Pokomo peasant farmers on the other. There is an urgent need to address the conflict situation in Tana River and sustainable solutions to the problems of the conflict ought to be sought to ensure development in the research area. The study aimed at finding out the causes of the conflict, factors that compel the Orma/Wardei to be in a state of preparedness for war, the socio-economic and cultural impact of the conflict and finally ways of managing the conflict. The conflict had multiple causes related to ownership of and access to of resources (land, pasture and water). The factors that lead pastoralists to be in a state of preparedness for war were cultural in character, related to their need to control the harsh physical environment they live in. The impact of the conflict is likewise multidimensional, and is characterised by the inter-action between socio-economic and cultural resources. Traditional rules or norms on conflict seem not to be observed any more, bringing us to question if culture is being degraded, and thus control reduced. From the research findings it is felt that policies on resources availability and access based on existing traditions land in the research area would be needed. In particular, it is recommended that the traditional rules on land use and ownership should be taken into consideration during land adjudication exercises that presently favour sedentary populations.
This study has been conducted in Garsen division, Tana River district, Kenya be-tween the Orma and Wardei pastoralists on one hand and the Pokomo peasant farmers on the other. There is an urgent need to address the conflict situation in Tana River and sustainable solutions to the problems of the conflict ought to be sought to ensure development in the research area. The study aimed at finding out the causes of the conflict, factors that compel the Orma/Wardei to be in a state of preparedness for war, the socio-economic and cultural impact of the conflict and finally ways of managing the conflict. The conflict had multiple causes related to ownership of and access to of resources (land, pasture and water). The factors that lead pastoralists to be in a state of preparedness for war were cultural in character, related to their need to control the harsh physical environment they live in. The impact of the conflict is likewise multidimensional, and is characterised by the inter-action between socio-economic and cultural resources. Traditional rules or norms on conflict seem not to be observed any more, bringing us to question if culture is being degraded, and thus control reduced. From the research findings it is felt that policies on resources availability and access based on existing traditions land in the research area would be needed. In particular, it is recommended that the traditional rules on land use and ownership should be taken into consideration during land adjudication exercises that presently favour sedentary populations.