Ana Porroche Escudero
I am a senior research associate working on an exciting international project “Unlocking Resilient Benefits from African Water Resources” which is funded by UKRI GCRF through the ARUA Water Centre of Excellence at Rhodes University, South Africa. I joined Lancaster Environment Centre in January 2021.
I gained a PhD in Anthropology from Sussex University, where I worked as an Associate Tutor in Anthropology and Development studies (2009-2014) and convened a course on Global Health at the Summer School (2012-2014). Prior to that I completed a MA in Women’s Studies from York and BAs in Anthropology and Social Work from the Universities of Barcelona and Zaragoza respectively.
My research interests revolve around gender and health, cultures of knowledge, inequalities, feminist methodologies, qualitative methodologies, applied health research, research capacity building, evaluation of complex interventions, implementation and public involvement in research and praxis.
I have undertaken ethnographic research in Spain and the UK. For the past 16 years I have worked on issues related to gender, health and inequalities. On this work I have co-edited Feminist perspectives on breast cancer (Bellaterra and Vic University) and Culture and society. Conceptual legacies and contemporary applications (Palgrave), published scholarly articles and book chapters. Writing for newspapers and practitioners newsletters, as well as participating in interviews and numerous public discussions around critical breast cancer issues with activists, scholars, and practitioners, I reflected on the links between the breast cancer pink culture and gender violence. This reflection developed into an article which has been shared in social media over 31,000 times and led to numerous talks in practitioner organizations and activist boards. This work was the recipient of the Barbara Rosenblum Dissertation Award endowed by Sociologists for Women in Society.
My interests on issues of inequalities, knowledge production and public involvement research led me to join Lancaster Division of Health Research as a senior researcher for the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (ARC NWC) (2014-2021). In this role I worked closely with Prof. Jennie Popay to coproduce the Health Inequalities Assessment Toolkit and develop a theoretically informed approach to embed a health equity focus in research collaborations that we coined “Health Equity Mainstreaming”. I continue my collaboration with Prof Popay in this area in an School of Public Health Research (SPHR) funded project.
While at ARC, I also led and collaborated in 2 major evaluations that aimed to explain and bridge the evidence-practice gap. The first was CLAHRC-NWC internal evaluation drawing on implementation science and social innovation. The second project was CLAHRC (now ARC) Neighbourhood Resilience Programme - an intervention and evaluation of local authority and community lead evidence-based actions to reduce health inequalities by promoting systems resilience in 10 neighbourhoods. Resulting outputs include a chapter titled “Supporting local systems to tackle the social determinants of health inequalities” published by the World Health Organisation, and an animation on air (in)equality co-produced with residents and colleagues from Lancaster Environment Centre.
At LEC I work with Professor Frances Cleaver to deliver the social aspects of the ARUA RESBEN project in collaboration with African and UK country partners.
In my free time I teach mantrailing at WonderDog Mantrailing Lancaster. You can also find me training and playing with my dogs Bilboa and Edarra, making paper collage children illustrations and learning to upcycle garments.
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Key words: Critical medical anthropology, feminism, breast cancer, Spain, health, illness, embodiment, biomedicine, narratives, women´s health, public health, feminist methodology, gender, sexuality, nippleism
Address: Dr Ana Porroche-Escudero
Research Associate NIHR CLAHRC NWC
Division of Health Research
Faculty of Health & Medicine
Furness Building
Lancaster University
LA1 4YG
I gained a PhD in Anthropology from Sussex University, where I worked as an Associate Tutor in Anthropology and Development studies (2009-2014) and convened a course on Global Health at the Summer School (2012-2014). Prior to that I completed a MA in Women’s Studies from York and BAs in Anthropology and Social Work from the Universities of Barcelona and Zaragoza respectively.
My research interests revolve around gender and health, cultures of knowledge, inequalities, feminist methodologies, qualitative methodologies, applied health research, research capacity building, evaluation of complex interventions, implementation and public involvement in research and praxis.
I have undertaken ethnographic research in Spain and the UK. For the past 16 years I have worked on issues related to gender, health and inequalities. On this work I have co-edited Feminist perspectives on breast cancer (Bellaterra and Vic University) and Culture and society. Conceptual legacies and contemporary applications (Palgrave), published scholarly articles and book chapters. Writing for newspapers and practitioners newsletters, as well as participating in interviews and numerous public discussions around critical breast cancer issues with activists, scholars, and practitioners, I reflected on the links between the breast cancer pink culture and gender violence. This reflection developed into an article which has been shared in social media over 31,000 times and led to numerous talks in practitioner organizations and activist boards. This work was the recipient of the Barbara Rosenblum Dissertation Award endowed by Sociologists for Women in Society.
My interests on issues of inequalities, knowledge production and public involvement research led me to join Lancaster Division of Health Research as a senior researcher for the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration North West Coast (ARC NWC) (2014-2021). In this role I worked closely with Prof. Jennie Popay to coproduce the Health Inequalities Assessment Toolkit and develop a theoretically informed approach to embed a health equity focus in research collaborations that we coined “Health Equity Mainstreaming”. I continue my collaboration with Prof Popay in this area in an School of Public Health Research (SPHR) funded project.
While at ARC, I also led and collaborated in 2 major evaluations that aimed to explain and bridge the evidence-practice gap. The first was CLAHRC-NWC internal evaluation drawing on implementation science and social innovation. The second project was CLAHRC (now ARC) Neighbourhood Resilience Programme - an intervention and evaluation of local authority and community lead evidence-based actions to reduce health inequalities by promoting systems resilience in 10 neighbourhoods. Resulting outputs include a chapter titled “Supporting local systems to tackle the social determinants of health inequalities” published by the World Health Organisation, and an animation on air (in)equality co-produced with residents and colleagues from Lancaster Environment Centre.
At LEC I work with Professor Frances Cleaver to deliver the social aspects of the ARUA RESBEN project in collaboration with African and UK country partners.
In my free time I teach mantrailing at WonderDog Mantrailing Lancaster. You can also find me training and playing with my dogs Bilboa and Edarra, making paper collage children illustrations and learning to upcycle garments.
------
Key words: Critical medical anthropology, feminism, breast cancer, Spain, health, illness, embodiment, biomedicine, narratives, women´s health, public health, feminist methodology, gender, sexuality, nippleism
Address: Dr Ana Porroche-Escudero
Research Associate NIHR CLAHRC NWC
Division of Health Research
Faculty of Health & Medicine
Furness Building
Lancaster University
LA1 4YG
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Book Chapters by Ana Porroche Escudero
This chapter is about the response of a large English partnership organisation to the lack of an equity focus in health research. It highlights one way in which a health equity lens can be organisationally embedded in the institutions that govern and conduct health promotion research: its culture, processes, systems, projects and individual practices. A process that we described as health equity mainstreaming. Additionally, this chapter also reveals how our reflective practice throughout the process was essential to understand better how health equity mainstreaming could work (or not) in practice. We conclude by asking what Health Equity mainstreaming means for how the health promotion community should carry out research.
Abstract
Developing system approaches to resilience is not an easy option. The Neighbourhood
Resilience Programme (NRP) described in this inspirational example from the northwest of England highlights some of the main challenges and opportunities for such an innovative approach. As the authors conclude, such an approach demands time, energy, commitment and imagination from all involved. The example throws light on the possibility to move beyond traditional, individual, topic-based approaches to collaborative partnerships with residents, local workers and institutions. It addresses major issues and works on key social, environmental, cultural and economic elements that characterize local neighbourhood systems that impact on resilience, health and well-being. The on-the-ground work of the authors and their partners at community level maintains that strengthening resilience that impacts on health and the reduction of health inequities requires such a system perspective. Although in its early phase
of development, several powerful lessons can be drawn from NRP and its system perspective. Such lessons are useful for action that aims to strengthen resilience to promote health and well-being and to address social and economic determinants of inequalities. These lessons are essential for developing resilient neighbourhood systems
Peer Review Articles by Ana Porroche Escudero
Despite insistent calls for more and better evidence to inform action to reduce health inequities, applied health research sensitive to these inequalities is rare. Recognising this problem, the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Research and Care in the North West Coast (England) developed the Health Inequalities Assessment Toolkit (HIAT) to support those involved in health research to integrate equity into their work.
Objective
This paper reports on an evaluation of the extent to which HIAT enhances the equity focus of the work of users.
Methods
The evaluation used semi-structured interviews, focus groups and workshops (n = 131 respondents including Public Advisers, university, NHS and local government partners). Routine data included HIAT feedback forms.
Findings
HIAT can help to strengthen the equity focus of applied health research by: increasing understanding of how socioeconomic inequities impact on health; building capacity for integrating equity into all aspects of research, implementation and capacity building; stimulating thinking on action to address local structural drivers of health inequalities; and increasing understanding of the positive contribution public involvement can make to research.
Conclusion
If we are to advance health equity goals delivering research and training needs to be combined with political commitment to create more equal societies.
assumptions about the reasons for women's compliance: (2) stereotypical moral and (3) gendered responsibilities for one's health and family as well as fear of a horrible death. Some justify this particular use of fear by appealing to the need to target women with a simplified, high-impact message. However, there is evidence that fear creates unnecessary social psychosis and further distorts the decision-making process, conflicting with empowerment intent. I argue that there is an urgent need to
stimulate debate about how to improve breast cancer awareness campaigns and propose an alternative approach, grounded in a critical pedagogy paradigm- a model of critical health literacy
based on a patient-centred approach that aims to develop critical consciousness and reflection of the l factors that affect breast cancer.
KEY WORDS sexual violence, health, gender violence, feminist theory, sexuality
RESUMEN En este ensayo, a través de la crítica feminista sobre la construcción social de la sexualidad, intentaré desmitificar los argumentos que sugieren que la violencia sexual es el resultado de la pobreza, clase social, enfermedad mental, etnia, alcohol o religión. Por el contrario, sugiero que el problema de la violencia sexual no procede del hombre, sino del propio sistema social que legitima una relación de dominación inscribiéndola en una naturaleza biológica en la que el hombre y la mujer son vistos como dos variantes, superior e inferior, fruto de la división de sexos. Mi análisis pretende probar que las creencias de los violadores y maltratadores sobre las mujeres coinciden de hecho con las opiniones de la mayoría de las personas en nuestra sociedad. Consecuentemente mi pregunta es: ¿estaría justificado entonces su comportamiento violento y (a)normal?. Espero que este ensayo sirva para la reflexión y el debate.
PALABRAS CLAVE violencia sexual, violencia de género, salud, teoría feminista, sexualidad
Books by Ana Porroche Escudero
"Solo al final del libro el título Cicatrices (in)visibles y su paréntesis movible adquieren todo su sentido. En un primer momento, la elección de la palabra «cicatriz» resulta incómoda. Confronta directamente y rechaza la cultura de la positividad impuesta que enseña a disimular, a esconder y, en el fondo, a avergonzarse del propio cuerpo o de la propia experiencia cuando no se ajustan a unas expectativas culturales que a menudo son totalmente arbitrarias." T. FORCADES I VILA
Ficha técnica del libro: http://www.ed-bellaterra.com/php/llibresInfo.php?idLlibre=1323
Han participado autoras de Galicia, Aragón, Catalunya, el País Vasco, Navarra y Andalucía, pero también de Francia, Italia, Reino Unido, Canadá, Estados Unidos e Italia: Begoña Arrieta, Mary Bryson, Grazia de Michele, Mari Luz Esteban, Beatriz Figueroa, Gerard Coll-Planas, Victoria Fernández, Teresa Forcades i Vila, Jacqueline Gahagan, Cinzia Greco, Tae Hart, Ainhoa Irueta, Caro Novella, Júlia Ojuel, Marisa Paituví, Ana Porroche-Escudero, Geneviève Rail, Caterina Riba, Janice Ristock, Dorothy Roberts, Gayle Sulik i Carme Valls-Llobet.
En palabras de Mari Luz Esteban, autora del prólogo del libro:
“El cáncer de mama es un asunto feminista. Un asunto feminista sobre el que se están haciendo análisis excelentes y totalmente en línea con la teoría feminista más actual. Esta es la primera idea que emana de los contenidos de este libro. Una idea que no solo me parece clave sino que es necesaria difundir y sembrar entre las mujeres y también entre las feministas que, en general, permanecen bastante ajenas a la dimensión política del cáncer, a no ser que se vean afectadas, ellas o mujeres cercanas a ellas. Pero, incluso en estos casos, la falta de una reflexión en común estaría frenando las posibilidades de concienciación y movilización, salvo las pocas pero admirables excepciones que aparecen citadas en este libro”.
Del epilogo de Teresa Forcades:
"Es sólo al final del libro que el título Cicatrices (In )visibles y su paréntesis movible toman todo su sentido. De entrada la elección de la palabra cicatriz incomoda. Afronta directamente y rechaza la cultura de la positividad impuesta que enseña a disimular, a esconder y, en el fondo, a avergonzarse del propio cuerpo o de la propia experiencia cuando no se adecuan a unas expectativas culturales menudo totalmente arbitrarias. " (Traducción libre de la editora)
Índice
* Prólogo. Cáncer de mama: la rebelión feminista no ha hecho más que empezar - Mari Luz Esteban
* Introducción - Ana Porroche-Escudero, Caterina Riba y Gerard Coll-Planas
BLOQUE I. LA CONSTRUCCIÓN SOCIAL DEL CÁNCER DE MAMA
1. El contexto ideológico de la vivencia del cáncer de mama - Gerard Coll-Planas
2. Movimientos contra el cáncer de mama: historia, ideologías y política - Gayle Sulik
3. Análisis crítico de les campañas de prevención del cáncer de mama - Ana Porroche-Escudero
4. Proyecto Cancer’s Margins: minorías sexuales, asistencia oncológica, información y subjetividades - Geneviève Rail, Mary Bryson, Tae Hart, Jacqueline Gahagan y Janice Ristock
BLOQUE II. SESGOS ANDROCÈNTRICOS, ECONÒMIC0S Y POLÍTICOS EN LA MEDICINA
5. Influencia de la salud laboral y el medio ambiente en el cáncer de mama - Carme Valls-Llobet
6. Controversias sobre el cribado mamográfico: salva vidas o perjudica la salud? - Júlia Ojuel y Grazia de Michele
7. Reconstrucción mamaria: las múltiples formas de reconstruir la feminidad? Una análisis de les estrategias de construcción de la feminidad después de la mastectomía - Cinzia Greco
8. El contexto social de la oncofertilidad - Dorothy Roberts
9. Deseo sexual, vivencias corporales y reivindicaciones médicas en materia de cáncer de mama- Ana Porroche-Escudero y Begoña Arrieta
BLOQUE III. RELATOS PLURALES EN PRIMERA PERSONA
10. Hacerse cargo del propio cuerpo. Otrass narrativas sobre el cáncer - Caterina Riba
11. Derechos económicos de les personas afectadas de cáncer - Ana Porroche-Escudero y Beatriz Figueroa
12. Experiencias i expresiones de una contrafòbica - Victoria Fernández
13. Oncogrrrls: la danza como espacio político de creación de narrativas propias del cáncer de pecho - Caro Novella y Marisa Paituví
14. Autobiografía de una marimacho cancerosa - Ainhoa Irueta
* Epílogo - Teresa Forcades i Vila
This chapter is about the response of a large English partnership organisation to the lack of an equity focus in health research. It highlights one way in which a health equity lens can be organisationally embedded in the institutions that govern and conduct health promotion research: its culture, processes, systems, projects and individual practices. A process that we described as health equity mainstreaming. Additionally, this chapter also reveals how our reflective practice throughout the process was essential to understand better how health equity mainstreaming could work (or not) in practice. We conclude by asking what Health Equity mainstreaming means for how the health promotion community should carry out research.
Abstract
Developing system approaches to resilience is not an easy option. The Neighbourhood
Resilience Programme (NRP) described in this inspirational example from the northwest of England highlights some of the main challenges and opportunities for such an innovative approach. As the authors conclude, such an approach demands time, energy, commitment and imagination from all involved. The example throws light on the possibility to move beyond traditional, individual, topic-based approaches to collaborative partnerships with residents, local workers and institutions. It addresses major issues and works on key social, environmental, cultural and economic elements that characterize local neighbourhood systems that impact on resilience, health and well-being. The on-the-ground work of the authors and their partners at community level maintains that strengthening resilience that impacts on health and the reduction of health inequities requires such a system perspective. Although in its early phase
of development, several powerful lessons can be drawn from NRP and its system perspective. Such lessons are useful for action that aims to strengthen resilience to promote health and well-being and to address social and economic determinants of inequalities. These lessons are essential for developing resilient neighbourhood systems
Despite insistent calls for more and better evidence to inform action to reduce health inequities, applied health research sensitive to these inequalities is rare. Recognising this problem, the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Research and Care in the North West Coast (England) developed the Health Inequalities Assessment Toolkit (HIAT) to support those involved in health research to integrate equity into their work.
Objective
This paper reports on an evaluation of the extent to which HIAT enhances the equity focus of the work of users.
Methods
The evaluation used semi-structured interviews, focus groups and workshops (n = 131 respondents including Public Advisers, university, NHS and local government partners). Routine data included HIAT feedback forms.
Findings
HIAT can help to strengthen the equity focus of applied health research by: increasing understanding of how socioeconomic inequities impact on health; building capacity for integrating equity into all aspects of research, implementation and capacity building; stimulating thinking on action to address local structural drivers of health inequalities; and increasing understanding of the positive contribution public involvement can make to research.
Conclusion
If we are to advance health equity goals delivering research and training needs to be combined with political commitment to create more equal societies.
assumptions about the reasons for women's compliance: (2) stereotypical moral and (3) gendered responsibilities for one's health and family as well as fear of a horrible death. Some justify this particular use of fear by appealing to the need to target women with a simplified, high-impact message. However, there is evidence that fear creates unnecessary social psychosis and further distorts the decision-making process, conflicting with empowerment intent. I argue that there is an urgent need to
stimulate debate about how to improve breast cancer awareness campaigns and propose an alternative approach, grounded in a critical pedagogy paradigm- a model of critical health literacy
based on a patient-centred approach that aims to develop critical consciousness and reflection of the l factors that affect breast cancer.
KEY WORDS sexual violence, health, gender violence, feminist theory, sexuality
RESUMEN En este ensayo, a través de la crítica feminista sobre la construcción social de la sexualidad, intentaré desmitificar los argumentos que sugieren que la violencia sexual es el resultado de la pobreza, clase social, enfermedad mental, etnia, alcohol o religión. Por el contrario, sugiero que el problema de la violencia sexual no procede del hombre, sino del propio sistema social que legitima una relación de dominación inscribiéndola en una naturaleza biológica en la que el hombre y la mujer son vistos como dos variantes, superior e inferior, fruto de la división de sexos. Mi análisis pretende probar que las creencias de los violadores y maltratadores sobre las mujeres coinciden de hecho con las opiniones de la mayoría de las personas en nuestra sociedad. Consecuentemente mi pregunta es: ¿estaría justificado entonces su comportamiento violento y (a)normal?. Espero que este ensayo sirva para la reflexión y el debate.
PALABRAS CLAVE violencia sexual, violencia de género, salud, teoría feminista, sexualidad
"Solo al final del libro el título Cicatrices (in)visibles y su paréntesis movible adquieren todo su sentido. En un primer momento, la elección de la palabra «cicatriz» resulta incómoda. Confronta directamente y rechaza la cultura de la positividad impuesta que enseña a disimular, a esconder y, en el fondo, a avergonzarse del propio cuerpo o de la propia experiencia cuando no se ajustan a unas expectativas culturales que a menudo son totalmente arbitrarias." T. FORCADES I VILA
Ficha técnica del libro: http://www.ed-bellaterra.com/php/llibresInfo.php?idLlibre=1323
Han participado autoras de Galicia, Aragón, Catalunya, el País Vasco, Navarra y Andalucía, pero también de Francia, Italia, Reino Unido, Canadá, Estados Unidos e Italia: Begoña Arrieta, Mary Bryson, Grazia de Michele, Mari Luz Esteban, Beatriz Figueroa, Gerard Coll-Planas, Victoria Fernández, Teresa Forcades i Vila, Jacqueline Gahagan, Cinzia Greco, Tae Hart, Ainhoa Irueta, Caro Novella, Júlia Ojuel, Marisa Paituví, Ana Porroche-Escudero, Geneviève Rail, Caterina Riba, Janice Ristock, Dorothy Roberts, Gayle Sulik i Carme Valls-Llobet.
En palabras de Mari Luz Esteban, autora del prólogo del libro:
“El cáncer de mama es un asunto feminista. Un asunto feminista sobre el que se están haciendo análisis excelentes y totalmente en línea con la teoría feminista más actual. Esta es la primera idea que emana de los contenidos de este libro. Una idea que no solo me parece clave sino que es necesaria difundir y sembrar entre las mujeres y también entre las feministas que, en general, permanecen bastante ajenas a la dimensión política del cáncer, a no ser que se vean afectadas, ellas o mujeres cercanas a ellas. Pero, incluso en estos casos, la falta de una reflexión en común estaría frenando las posibilidades de concienciación y movilización, salvo las pocas pero admirables excepciones que aparecen citadas en este libro”.
Del epilogo de Teresa Forcades:
"Es sólo al final del libro que el título Cicatrices (In )visibles y su paréntesis movible toman todo su sentido. De entrada la elección de la palabra cicatriz incomoda. Afronta directamente y rechaza la cultura de la positividad impuesta que enseña a disimular, a esconder y, en el fondo, a avergonzarse del propio cuerpo o de la propia experiencia cuando no se adecuan a unas expectativas culturales menudo totalmente arbitrarias. " (Traducción libre de la editora)
Índice
* Prólogo. Cáncer de mama: la rebelión feminista no ha hecho más que empezar - Mari Luz Esteban
* Introducción - Ana Porroche-Escudero, Caterina Riba y Gerard Coll-Planas
BLOQUE I. LA CONSTRUCCIÓN SOCIAL DEL CÁNCER DE MAMA
1. El contexto ideológico de la vivencia del cáncer de mama - Gerard Coll-Planas
2. Movimientos contra el cáncer de mama: historia, ideologías y política - Gayle Sulik
3. Análisis crítico de les campañas de prevención del cáncer de mama - Ana Porroche-Escudero
4. Proyecto Cancer’s Margins: minorías sexuales, asistencia oncológica, información y subjetividades - Geneviève Rail, Mary Bryson, Tae Hart, Jacqueline Gahagan y Janice Ristock
BLOQUE II. SESGOS ANDROCÈNTRICOS, ECONÒMIC0S Y POLÍTICOS EN LA MEDICINA
5. Influencia de la salud laboral y el medio ambiente en el cáncer de mama - Carme Valls-Llobet
6. Controversias sobre el cribado mamográfico: salva vidas o perjudica la salud? - Júlia Ojuel y Grazia de Michele
7. Reconstrucción mamaria: las múltiples formas de reconstruir la feminidad? Una análisis de les estrategias de construcción de la feminidad después de la mastectomía - Cinzia Greco
8. El contexto social de la oncofertilidad - Dorothy Roberts
9. Deseo sexual, vivencias corporales y reivindicaciones médicas en materia de cáncer de mama- Ana Porroche-Escudero y Begoña Arrieta
BLOQUE III. RELATOS PLURALES EN PRIMERA PERSONA
10. Hacerse cargo del propio cuerpo. Otrass narrativas sobre el cáncer - Caterina Riba
11. Derechos económicos de les personas afectadas de cáncer - Ana Porroche-Escudero y Beatriz Figueroa
12. Experiencias i expresiones de una contrafòbica - Victoria Fernández
13. Oncogrrrls: la danza como espacio político de creación de narrativas propias del cáncer de pecho - Caro Novella y Marisa Paituví
14. Autobiografía de una marimacho cancerosa - Ainhoa Irueta
* Epílogo - Teresa Forcades i Vila
To address this need, the Health Inequalities Assessment Toolkit (HIAT) was developed to help researchers, practitioners and other professionals incorporate efforts to reduce health inequalities into their work. The HIAT was developed collaboratively by NHS and Local Authority partners, public advisers and staff from Lancaster, Central Lancashire and Liverpool universities as part of the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care North West Coast (CLAHRC NWC).
We are always keen to include real-life examples of HIAT assessments as these provide lots of ideas for how the tool can be used in different situations. If you use the HIAT please let us know! It can accessed online here: http://hiat.org.uk/
La actual crisis mundial derivada del nuevo coronavirus, el SARS-CoV-2, y la enfermedad que provoca, la COVID-19, está impactando en las mujeres, especialmente en aquellas que pertenecen a grupos socioeconómicos más vulnerables1. Los datos existentes desagregados por sexo muestran una mayor gravedad de la enfermedad en los hombres, con más casos de neumonía y más tasa de ingresos en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) y fallecimientos, hecho que podría estar relacionado con las diferencias entre la respuesta inmune de cada sexo.2 Sin embargo, las tasas de infección son más elevadas en mujeres con un 56.6% del total.3
Cuando hablamos de impacto nos referimos a la enfermedad y a aquellos factores que afectan a la salud de las personas, como por ejemplo las políticas sanitarias y educativas, las prácticas sociales o la economía.
El sistema de género es un constructo social que regula de manera encorsetada los comportamientos de las personas según el sexo que se les asigna desde el nacimiento. Así se espera que los comportamientos de los hombres sean estrictamente masculinos y los de las mujeres femeninos.4 El género afecta a todas las estructuras de la sociedad, incluyendo las políticas y servicios públicos, la medicina, los roles sociales que desempeña cada persona y el estado de salud poblacional, constituyendo un eje de desigualdad ampliamente reconocido.5
Por todo esto, este manifiesto cree que es fundamental la inclusión de la perspectiva de género en todas las investigaciones, programas y prácticas científicas.6–8 Además, es necesario tener en cuenta que las desigualdades de género intersectan con otros ejes de desigualdad como el racismo, la homofobia, la transfobia, el capacitismo, el edadismo o la clase social, entre otras.9,10 Del mismo modo, es necesario que los estudios futuros exploren la brecha de género en relación con el mercado laboral (por ejemplo, el acceso a empleo, el desempleo y la cobertura del mismo)11 y su relación con la enfermedad. También consideramos que la perspectiva de género debe incluirse de manera sistemática en los estudios sobre la COVID-19 crónica (personas que presentan síntomas por un tiempo superior a los tres meses).12
A pesar de que la primera causa de muerte por grupo de enfermedades en la mujer sea la generada por enfermedades del sistema circulatorio es el cáncer el que ocupa el primer lugar a la hora de hablar de mujer y salud, especialmente el de mama.
Carreras, productos publicitarios, cartas desde la administración, anuncios en pro de la salud, etc. nos recuerdan constantemente la presencia de esta patología y, sobre todo, la forma en la que toda mujer tendría que abordarla.
Hablamos con Ana Porroche y Carme Valls sobre el cáncer de mama, más allá del lacito rosa.
El Paciente de Cáncer Perfecto* es un cómic autobiográfico de Adam Bessie, donde a través del humor y acompañado por el ilustrador Marc Parenteau y Gayle Sulik nos da pistas sobre algunos aspectos crueles causados por el síndrome del súper-paciente que no nos cuentan. Bessie recuerda que esta novela gráfica surgió de la necesidad de visibilizar el sentimiento constante de culpabilidad por no ajustarse al ideal de paciente oncológico perfecto.
El artículo se puede leer aquí: http://diarisanitat.cat/cancer-mama-despintar-rosa-malaltia-que-mata/
principales consecuencias es que cuando hablamos de salud, y aún más cuando hablamos de salud sexual y/o reproductiva, tendemos a olvidarnos de hablar de placer. Las consecuencias son importantes tanto en el ejercicio de nuestro trabajo como en el bienestar de las personas con las que trabajamos. El segundo argumento deriva de nuestra constatación de que las asociaciones teóricas entre la sexualidad, el placer, la salud y el poder son complicadas y merecen un análisis cuidadoso. Con esto queremos expresar que si bien es importante revindicar las vinculaciones entre estos conceptos, es igual de necesario no realizar generalizaciones ni negar experiencias. Nuestra trayectoria profesional y académica nos ha llevado en los últimos años a reflexionar sobre estas cuestiones. Este artículo empieza, pues con dos historias personales y que son las que nos han llevado a escribirlo""
Auto-exploració mamària. Encara que aquesta pràctica és ineficaç fins al punt que el Ministeri de Salut i Consum (2006) la desaconsella perquè "existeix raonable evidència d’absència de benefici i bona evidència de dany ", em continua sorprenent l'obstinació amb què moltes organitzacions i professionals de la salut la segueixen promovent com a eina preventiva. "La bona evidència de dany" a la qual es referia el ministeri són les dosis mensuals d'estrès i ansietat innecessària que el discurs del risc genera. Aquest terrorisme al cos potencialment cancerós, que s'incrementa en les dones que tenen mames fibro-quístiques o diversitats anatòmiques.
El tema de les mamografies és un tema molt més complex. Desafortunadament les mamografies, igual que l'auto-exploració mamària o la religió, NO prevenen el càncer sinó que ajuden a detectar una vegada que està en el cos. Des de fa unes quantes dècades es debat feroçment si les (poques?) avantatges de les mamografies superen amb escreix el risc de càncer que suposa l'exposició reiterada a les radiacions del mamògraf.
Finalment, l'eslògan de conscienciar és tan cursi com enganyós. Primer, encara no em queda clar com els llacets roses i els productes comercials que treuen beneficis del llacet rosa poden conscienciar del càncer de mama. Segon, compte amb barrejar els conceptes "conscienciar" amb "prevenir" ja que la diferència és important. Tercer, l'èmfasi en crear consciència sobre com el nostre estil de vida pot prevenir el risc de patir càncer de mama és exagerat. L'estil de vida ajuda a viure saludablement però NO garanteix una vida lliure de càncer. El risc de patir-lo és una combinació de sort i de qüestions medi ambientals, y no tant fruït d’estils de vida tals com l’obesitat, la manca d'exercici o els hàbits reproductius, tal com es promou des de la Associació Espanyola Contra el Càncer y el Ministeri de Salut. Quart, el crear consciència no només es basa en fomentar la por de les dones als seus propis cossos, sinó que exalta la importància de ser una ciutadana responsable, bona mare i esposa. Com a ciutadanes les dones que el pateixen han de recuperar la salut aviat per no malbaratar recursos del sistema. Com mares i esposes s'han de fer mamografies, no pel seu benestar i salut, sinó per no deixar a la família òrfena.
Potser ja és hora que redefinim aquests tres conceptes per poder empoderar-nos com a dones i ciutadanes en comptes d'estar sotmeses a un règim de terror i consumisme. Cal ser crítiques amb campanyes que, encara que tinguin bones intencions, reprodueixen estereotips de gènere i contribueixen a la patologització de la salut de les dones."
Traducción al catalán por María Olivella Quintana
Grazia de Michele and Cinzia Greco: "The essays in this issue aim to reconnect breast cancer with the real world, showing that it is not just possible, but necessary to resist dominant discourses. Combining writing and visual art, these stories speak a different language, a language of reality and freedom, a language that is, itself, a subversive act." Introduction to 'Demystifying breast cancer'
El articulo completo se puede acceder en Diagonal: https://www.diagonalperiodico.net/cuerpo/28141-cancer-y-derechos-economicos-la-lucha-beatriz-figueroa.html
Symposium co-organizers Caterina Riba, Gerard Coll-Planas, and Ana Porroche-Escudero had been working on breast cancer for a number of years and knew of critical work being done in the country. But they realized that activists, artists,
academics, practitioners, and the public were rarely aware of each other’s work. Differences in disciplinary focus, geographic location, lack of time, funding, or ‘expertise’ were all barriers to information sharing. The book would be a way to share new ways of understanding breast cancer, informing those in healthcare and policy, and engaging the public.
To facilitate public participation, the symposium was free, and held in a popular venue in Barcelona. It was an exceptional opportunity to translate and expand international
and critical debates on breast cancer, showcase the powerful work done in Spain, develop new networks and build on existing ones, and engage the public in the discussion. 74 people attended the event, which as described as comforting.
El simposio se enmarca en un proceso más amplio: la edición de un libro sobre este tema que compilara aportaciones punteras en el territorio español, elaboradas desde diferentes fuentes de conocimiento, que ponen de relieve los vacíos, los sesgos y las experiencias silenciadas sobre el cáncer de mama. El libro se publicará a principios del 2016 en el marco de la colección feminista Capsa de Pandora.
Estas y otras cuestiones debatirá l´Aparadora el próximo 19 de diciembre con las cuatro investigadoras que desde diferentes perspectivas se han acercado al tema de forma crítica, comprometida y lúcida.
Oncogrrrls y Marimachos Cancerosas organizaron unas jornadas abiertas para todos los públicos sobre “Cáncer de Mama y Corporalidades Disidentes” el sábado 9 de noviembre de 2013 en Barcelona. Este fue el primer evento de este tipo que se hizo en España con el objetivo de cuestionar la heteronormatividad y la autoridad biomédica en las prácticas y discursos políticos sobre el cáncer de mama.
En este enlace se pueden ver las presentaciones: http://bambuser.com/v/4084181
Programa:
15 h. Proyección del documental ‘Pink Ribbons, Inc.’
16:45 Taller de cuerpos con Oncogrrls y Presentación del proyecto Oncogrrrls.
18:30 Mesa de debate
• Proyección del corto (Paréntesis)
• Júlia Ojuel: Lectura crítica: releyendo los números sobre el cáncer de mama
• Ana Porroche-Escudero: Otro género de violencia: el eslogan ‘súmate al rosa’
• Ainhoa Irueta: Vivencia de la disciplina corporal impuesta a través del cáncer de mama
• Marisa Paituví, Carol Vallverdú y Caro Novella: Resistencia desde el lenguaje del cuerpo.
***
Oncogrrrls and Marimachos cancerosas proudly announce a public event on ‘Breast Cancer and Dissident Corporealities’. This is the first of its kind event in Spain that seeks to challenge heteronormativity and biomedical authority in breast cancer policy discourses and practices.
Agenda:
15:00 h. Projection ‘Pink Ribbons, Inc.’
16:45 h. The body-workshop lead by Oncogrrls
18:30 h. Discussion Panel
Screening of Short Film ‘Parenthesis’
Featuring:
-Julia Ojuel: Critical reading of breast cancer numbers
- Ana Porroche: Another kind of violence: the ‘join the pink’ slogan
- Ainhoa Irueta: breast cancer and the imposition of corporeal discipline
- Marisa Paituví, Carol Novella and Caro Vallverdú: Resisting breast cancer from the language of the body. Presentation of the Oncogrrrls’ project.
Here is the event in spanish on live stream: http://bambuser.com/v/4084181
The campaign consisted of three events.
a) The centerpiece of the project was TVM. It aimed to empower and promote the socio-political participation of women in our community. The objective was for female villagers (vecinas) to perform the play, thereby making them the leading protagonists and empowering them in the act of defining and denouncing their situation of vulnerability and/or inequality.
b) Another thought-provoking event was the drawings exhibition - “A world (with)out vaginas” in which local residents (vecinos/as) were invited to use any form of art, together with their imagination and feelings, to express what they understood as a vagina.
The exhibition of vagina drawings was a space to reflect upon the myths, fears, taboos and/or desires surrounding vaginas. The concept vagina became the key element to understand gender violence, with our slogan being: "Isn’t it a form of violence the fact that women do not know, feel ashamed, or disregard an important part of their female body?”
For women, the exhibition was an unprecedented opportunity to reflect upon and discover their bodies, their fears, their pleasure, themselves. For the public, the exhibition was an effective tool to educate, raise awareness about violence, break the silence and celebrate women.
c) Lastly, the Challenging Masculinity Campaign was inspired on the American Organization, Men Can Stop Rape.
The campaign intended to distance itself from the current Spanish discourse which harmfully defines men as “the problem” and puts all the blame on them rather in the social structure.
Posters of vecinos´ photographs with provocative slogans such us “listening, asking and respecting my partner is also men´s stuff” were the backbone of the campaign. The slogans defied traditional “masculine” values and attitudes that perpetuate violence.
Involving vecinos to pose like models is one of the most powerful ways to influence alternative and healthy models of masculinity among the community members. First, by including vecinos as active participants, they are taking responsibility to end violence against women and they act as role models for the other men of the community. Second, it challenges traditional concepts of masculinity which define men as dominant, sexually uncontrollable, aggressive and lacking emotions. And finally, it empowers men as the campaign aims to reconcile attributes of femininity with masculinity. Men are liberated from the yoke of gender violence as well.
In spite of being produced in a small village and despite the fact that female sexuality is still taboo, the show filled the theatre twice. Over 50 volunteers participated. Vecinos, many of whom had reacted with embarrassment and disdain when they were asked to participate, were touched with the show. Men and women cried with emotion. Young boys say they have learnt to love and respect vaginas, many vecinos say they did not know that something so marvelous could be called vagina. VDay Quinto 2008 was produced by Qvintvs Teatrae Cultural Association and all the money raised was for the benefit of Fundacion Ozanam´s Women´s Shelter.