Department of Operational Research

The introduction of the containerisation influenced not only means of transport and container terminals, but also an organisation of transport chains and other elements of the socio-economic reality. The proposed article briefly describes the specificity of both intermodal loading units and the containerisation itself. It also underlines the most important stages of a development of the containerisation from the beginning of the 19th century to the present day.

This paper discusses the impact of the uncertain factors on the parameters d1 and d2 and the value of option calculated from the Black-Scholes formula. Especially, we pose the question of how the introduction of the disturbances into the Black-Scholes sigma parameter (the volatility of stock prices - sˆ ) affects the parameters d1 and d2 and the value of option. To find it out, the stochastic simulation
is used. According to the empirical results, the uncertainty of estimates of the disturbed volatility of stock prices has a strong impact on the distributions of d1 and d2 parameters but it causes rather small changes in the value of option. In addition, the results suggest that the intensity of the disturbances introduced to the model play the key role. The bigger the disturbances, the more asymmetric and leptokurtic the distributions of d1 and d2 parameters, and thus, the bigger a dispersion of the disturbed option prices.

The article describes impact of Polish landowners on the industrialization of Ukraine in the second half of the 19th century. It briefly discusses the political and economic situation of Ukraine
in the very period, main technological factors that influenced industrial development of the region and the capitalist system which became dominant in that time. In the final part of the article chosen
representatives of Polish landowners and properties they owned in the Kiev and Podolia Governorate are described. In such a way it is shown whether recent technological inventions and capitalist forms of ownership were really used in the economic practice.

The main objective of the proposed paper is to describe terminal operating system (TOS) that can be used by sea ports to optimize processes of maritime container loading/unloading and transportation. The chosen TOS modules will be presented, analyzed and compared on the basis of such problems as: loading and unloading of vessels, vehicle routing systems, planning the number of container handling equipment (CHE) or organizing storage yards and warehouses at marine container terminals. The study is also intended to demonstrate that TOS may be used to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of marine container terminals as it is a great tool supporting ports’ entrepreneurship and competitiveness.

A  modern maritime  container  terminal  must  provide services  within  its  area or  in  the  nearby logistics  centers.  What  is  more,so  as  to  adjust  to  changing  market  conditions  marine  ter-minals have to provide service packages for cargos (retail and distribution, handling, transportation and transshipment),  vessels  (supply,  repair,  towing, mooring  or  industrial  and  other  auxiliary  ser-vices) and a crew (social, health, hotel or information services).  Since ports are forced to widen the range of their services to stay competitive in the global economy, in the  article  the role of maritimecontainer terminals will be described in the provision of logistics services.

W artykule została przedstawiona biografia Charlesa Vane'a, angielskiego pirata żyjącego na przełomie XVII i XVIII w. Opisano m.in. jego barwne przygody na niespokojnych karaibskich wodach. Dla lepszego zrozumienia czasów i realiów, w jakich żył wspomniany bohater, czytelnikom przybliżono również ówczesną sytuację polityczną na Antylach oraz specyfikę karaibskiego piractwa.

Common maritime transport policy in Europe was developed only in the mid 70-ties of the 20th century. It was mainly due to the provisions of the Treaty of Rome according to which any decisions on common maritime transport had been postponed indefinitely. The Council Regulation No 141/62 was in force until the end of 1986. It excluded the maritime transport from the regulations concerning competition issues. The following sections of the article present both basic types of integration agreements between shipowners (especially those operating in container shipping) that were formed at the time described and the European Union changing attitude towards freedom of service provision in the maritime transport.

Niemal każdy słyszał legendę o okrutnej Elżbiecie Batory, która kąpała się we krwi młodych dziewic, by zachować wieczną młodość. Hrabina zapisała się na trwałe w historii jako jedna z najkrwawszych kobiet Europy. Została też wpisana na światową listę rekordów Guinnessa jako największa seryjna morderczyni wszechczasów. Jednak czy aby na pewno dopuściła się wszystkich zarzucanych jej czynów? W artykule przedstawione zostaną dwie wersje historii życia węgierskiej arystokratki: jedna, wywodząca się z legend, oraz druga, oparta na faktach, do których udało się dotrzeć współczesnym badaczom tematu.

Almost everyone has heard the legend of cruel Elisabeth Báthory who bathed in the blood of young virgins to preserve eternal youth. The countess is also known as one of the bloodiest women in Europe. She is registered on the world list of Guinness records as the biggest serial killer of all time. However, there is a doubt whether she committed all crimes attributed to her. Thus, the article presents two alternative biographies of the Hungarian aristocrat: one that derives from legends, and the other that is based on historical facts recently determined by contemporary researchers of the topic.

W artykule przedstawiona została problematyka właściwego wyboru tras przejazdu lądowych środków transportowych z nabrzeża na plac składowy oraz analiza trafności doboru jednostki transportowej do danego zadania. Badanie przeprowadzono na przykładzie głębokowodnego terminalu kontenerowego DCT Gdańsk.

The  article  presents  profiles  of  chosen  stock  investors  of the  20thand  21stcentury. Some of them earned a fortune in the stock market and since then have been considered  the best  investors  of  all  time.  Other, on  the contrary,  lost  their reputation and ended brilliant careers in prison. The article briefly describes lives of them and studies factors that contributed to such a great success or spectacu-lar failure in each case.

The paper provides an overview of China’s relations with Poland in the context of the New Silk Road (NSR) as well as Łódź’s benefits form the One Belt One Road (OBOR). China has rapidly expanded the extent of its interactions with Poland since 2013 when it decided that the railway network should go through the shortest land connection of China to Western Europe. From the very beginning Łódź was one of the most important points on the planned route. The article presents the key features of the city, while the case of the Łódź–Chengdu rail connection offers an insight into the region’s benefits from the NSR. The article concludes that although there have been positive changes in the economic situation of the Łódź region so far, there are still many areas of the Sino-Polish cooperation that seem crucial for the future of the OBOR.