This study examined aggressive, depressed, and aggressive-depressed children's peer relations fro... more This study examined aggressive, depressed, and aggressive-depressed children's peer relations from the children's own and from their peers' perspective. Participants were 819 fourth through sixth graders (50.2% girls) who were assessed twice during the same school year. Measures included children's aggression and depression, self-rated and peer-rated social acceptance, number of reciprocal friends, and self-rated and friend-rated friendship quality. Analyses revealed different patterns, depending on the perspective considered. Depression but not aggression was significantly related to difficulties with the peer group and with dyadic friends from the children's own perspective, whereas the opposite pattern was found according to the peers' view. The co-occurrence of aggression and depression entailed significant difficulties with peers regardless of perspective. The implications of these results for the links between children's aggression and depression and their interpersonal relationships are discussed.
This study examined the relationships between the quality of parent–child interactions, specifica... more This study examined the relationships between the quality of parent–child interactions, specifically interactional synchrony (IS), and physical and relational aggression in young children. Seventy-three children (3–6 years; 44 males, 29 females) and their mothers participated in this study. The children's level of aggression was assessed through questionnaires completed by their mothers and teachers/caregivers. Mother–child dyads engaged in a free play task and a structured task that were coded for IS. The level of IS only in the free play task, but not in the structured block task predicted children's parent-rated physical aggression levels, with lower levels of IS predicting more aggression. No significant sex differences were found in the levels of IS, physical or relational aggression. The findings are helpful for better understanding of parent–child relationships and problem behaviours and for making intervention recommendations.
Different manifestations of aggression from childhood to early adulthood are reviewed to establis... more Different manifestations of aggression from childhood to early adulthood are reviewed to establish how early manifestations are related to later manifestations. Similarities and differences in manifestations of aggression between the two genders are noted. Developmental sequences and pathways from minor aggression to violence are highlighted. Long-term escalation is contrasted with short-term escalation at older ages. Although studies have emphasized high stability of aggression over time, data show that a substantial proportion of aggressive youth desist over time. Temperamental, emotional, and cognitive aspects of aggression are reviewed, either as precursors or co-occurring conditions to aggression. Selected processes in the realms of the family, peers, and neighborhoods are highlighted that are known to be associated with juvenile aggression. Cumulative, long-term causes are contrasted with short-term causes, and causes associated with desistance in aggression are reviewed. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1997.48:371-410. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by VIVA on 04/16/06. For personal use only.
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 1996
The current study examined anger expression styles and their relationship to levels of depressed ... more The current study examined anger expression styles and their relationship to levels of depressed mood and aggressive behavior in male and female children and adolescents. Measures of anger, anger expression, and depressed mood were collected from both children and their parents. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that anger expression significantly predicted sadness but not aggression for females, after accounting for age and anger level. Among males, anger expression was important in predicting aggression but not sadness, whereas age and anger level best predicted sadness. These results suggest that age, anger level, and anger expression may be risk factors for depression and aggression among children and adolescents. Sex appears to be an important factor in anger expression styles and related depression and aggressive behavior.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. t;fj) Pergamon 0021-9630(94)00132-4 J (h,bll"Ychm P"chitl/\,,1 \6:';0 \ 1'1' -191-,,11\1, I\)'J" EIM'vi"r Soi"lIc" uc! Prill",d ill (;real Britaill Melissa Stormont-Spurgin and Sydney S. Zen tall Abstract-This study examined family characteristics of preschoolers with hyperactivity.
... whatsoever. - 241 -. drive or not." It is precisely the purpose of this study to demonst... more ... whatsoever. - 241 -. drive or not." It is precisely the purpose of this study to demonstrate the usefulness of the concept of aggression as a fundamental instinctual drive in the understanding of aggressive manifestations in children.4. Anna ...
Background: Reactive and proactive subtypes of aggressive 10-11-12-year-old children were compare... more Background: Reactive and proactive subtypes of aggressive 10-11-12-year-old children were compared with non-aggressive children to examine whether the two forms of aggression were differentially related to antecedent and subsequent measures. Method: A large community sample of boys and girls was used. Reactive and proactive aggression was measured through teacher ratings when the children were 10, 11 and 12 years old. Antecedent measures were age 6 temperament and behavioral dispositions; subsequent measures were age 13 delinquency and depressive symptoms. Results: Results indicated that reactive and proactive children had distinctive profiles on antecedent and subsequent measures. Conclusions: We conclude that children characterized by reactive or proactive aggression differ on several dimensions of personal functioning, and that reactive and proactive aggression are distinct forms of aggression, although both co-occur in a large proportion of aggressive children.
This study examined aggressive, depressed, and aggressive-depressed children's peer relations fro... more This study examined aggressive, depressed, and aggressive-depressed children's peer relations from the children's own and from their peers' perspective. Participants were 819 fourth through sixth graders (50.2% girls) who were assessed twice during the same school year. Measures included children's aggression and depression, self-rated and peer-rated social acceptance, number of reciprocal friends, and self-rated and friend-rated friendship quality. Analyses revealed different patterns, depending on the perspective considered. Depression but not aggression was significantly related to difficulties with the peer group and with dyadic friends from the children's own perspective, whereas the opposite pattern was found according to the peers' view. The co-occurrence of aggression and depression entailed significant difficulties with peers regardless of perspective. The implications of these results for the links between children's aggression and depression and their interpersonal relationships are discussed.
This study examined the relationships between the quality of parent–child interactions, specifica... more This study examined the relationships between the quality of parent–child interactions, specifically interactional synchrony (IS), and physical and relational aggression in young children. Seventy-three children (3–6 years; 44 males, 29 females) and their mothers participated in this study. The children's level of aggression was assessed through questionnaires completed by their mothers and teachers/caregivers. Mother–child dyads engaged in a free play task and a structured task that were coded for IS. The level of IS only in the free play task, but not in the structured block task predicted children's parent-rated physical aggression levels, with lower levels of IS predicting more aggression. No significant sex differences were found in the levels of IS, physical or relational aggression. The findings are helpful for better understanding of parent–child relationships and problem behaviours and for making intervention recommendations.
Different manifestations of aggression from childhood to early adulthood are reviewed to establis... more Different manifestations of aggression from childhood to early adulthood are reviewed to establish how early manifestations are related to later manifestations. Similarities and differences in manifestations of aggression between the two genders are noted. Developmental sequences and pathways from minor aggression to violence are highlighted. Long-term escalation is contrasted with short-term escalation at older ages. Although studies have emphasized high stability of aggression over time, data show that a substantial proportion of aggressive youth desist over time. Temperamental, emotional, and cognitive aspects of aggression are reviewed, either as precursors or co-occurring conditions to aggression. Selected processes in the realms of the family, peers, and neighborhoods are highlighted that are known to be associated with juvenile aggression. Cumulative, long-term causes are contrasted with short-term causes, and causes associated with desistance in aggression are reviewed. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 1997.48:371-410. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by VIVA on 04/16/06. For personal use only.
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 1996
The current study examined anger expression styles and their relationship to levels of depressed ... more The current study examined anger expression styles and their relationship to levels of depressed mood and aggressive behavior in male and female children and adolescents. Measures of anger, anger expression, and depressed mood were collected from both children and their parents. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that anger expression significantly predicted sadness but not aggression for females, after accounting for age and anger level. Among males, anger expression was important in predicting aggression but not sadness, whereas age and anger level best predicted sadness. These results suggest that age, anger level, and anger expression may be risk factors for depression and aggression among children and adolescents. Sex appears to be an important factor in anger expression styles and related depression and aggressive behavior.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. t;fj) Pergamon 0021-9630(94)00132-4 J (h,bll"Ychm P"chitl/\,,1 \6:';0 \ 1'1' -191-,,11\1, I\)'J" EIM'vi"r Soi"lIc" uc! Prill",d ill (;real Britaill Melissa Stormont-Spurgin and Sydney S. Zen tall Abstract-This study examined family characteristics of preschoolers with hyperactivity.
... whatsoever. - 241 -. drive or not." It is precisely the purpose of this study to demonst... more ... whatsoever. - 241 -. drive or not." It is precisely the purpose of this study to demonstrate the usefulness of the concept of aggression as a fundamental instinctual drive in the understanding of aggressive manifestations in children.4. Anna ...
Background: Reactive and proactive subtypes of aggressive 10-11-12-year-old children were compare... more Background: Reactive and proactive subtypes of aggressive 10-11-12-year-old children were compared with non-aggressive children to examine whether the two forms of aggression were differentially related to antecedent and subsequent measures. Method: A large community sample of boys and girls was used. Reactive and proactive aggression was measured through teacher ratings when the children were 10, 11 and 12 years old. Antecedent measures were age 6 temperament and behavioral dispositions; subsequent measures were age 13 delinquency and depressive symptoms. Results: Results indicated that reactive and proactive children had distinctive profiles on antecedent and subsequent measures. Conclusions: We conclude that children characterized by reactive or proactive aggression differ on several dimensions of personal functioning, and that reactive and proactive aggression are distinct forms of aggression, although both co-occur in a large proportion of aggressive children.
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