Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft & Technologie, Mar 1, 2022
The producers of broccoli sprouts have become increasingly interested in improving their sulforap... more The producers of broccoli sprouts have become increasingly interested in improving their sulforaphane content. This study has evaluated the effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) with different available chlorine concentrations (ACC) on broccoli sprouts: their content of some bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, their morphology, and their total bacterial counts. The results have shown that SAEW might affect the content of sulforaphane by influencing the content of glucosinolates and the activity of myrosinase. SAEW inhibited the growth of broccoli sprouts: their fresh weight decreased as the available chlorine concentration (ACC) of the SAEW increased, but the different solutions did not affect their dry weight. The number of microorganisms on the broccoli sprout decreased by 1.71 log CFU/g after using the SAEW with ACC value of 50 mg/L treatment compared with tap water treatment. Overall, although SAEW adversely affected the morphology of broccoli sprouts, with a suitable ACC it can be a useful tool for enhancing the amount of secondary metabolites and reducing the microbial counts on broccoli sprouts intended for fresh consumption as a functional food.
Bacillus cereus, an endospore forming human pathogen associated with foodborne diseases, can form... more Bacillus cereus, an endospore forming human pathogen associated with foodborne diseases, can form biofilms and attach to surfaces of processing equipment in the food industry. It is a consistent source of contamination and/or cross contamination of processed food products. The objective of this study was to understand substratum attachment location and biofilm formation behavior of B. cereus strains under different growth conditions. A total of 60 strains isolated from food, human, or farm and a number of reference strains were used in this study. Substratum attachment locations of these strains in 96-well microtiter plates were highly diversified among these strains. Strains isolated from food showed higher preference to attach at the air-liquid interface during early stage of biofilm formation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the level of substratum attachment location and biofilm formation of B. cereus strains isolated from different sources. Substratum properties did not affect biofilm formation location when a number of selected strains were grown on stainless steel coupon, indicating that biofilm formation location might be independent of the type of substratum. Substratum attachment location and biofilm formation related phenotypes such as total biomass production, number of sessile cells, and sporulation were closely correlated. Substratum attachment location and sporulation behavior were strongly affected during biofilm formation under nutrient stress condition. The number of spores was significantly increased in biofilms grown under nutrient stress condition even though total biomass formation was lower. Our results on substratum attachment location and related biofilm formation behavior are substantially important for food industries where different surfaces are prone to B. cereus attachment, particularly for setting up and implementing clean in place (CIP) protocols.
Understanding the mechanism behind probiotic action will enable a rational selection of probiotic... more Understanding the mechanism behind probiotic action will enable a rational selection of probiotics, increase the chances of success in clinical studies and make it easy to substantiate health claims. However, most probiotic studies over the years have rather focused on the effects of probiotics in health and disease, whereas little is known about the specific molecules that trigger effects in hosts. This makes it difficult to describe the detailed mechanism by which a given probiotic functions. Probiotics communicate with their hosts through molecular signaling. Meanwhile, since the molecules produced by probiotics under in vitro conditions may differ from those produced in vivo, in vitro mechanistic studies would have to be conducted under conditions that mimic gastrointestinal conditions as much as possible. The ideal situation would, however, be to carry out well-designed clinical trials in humans (or the target animal) using adequate quantities of the suspected probiotic molecul...
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved The antibacterial effect of volatile ... more This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved The antibacterial effect of volatile compounds in millets and cereal by-products were investigated. Hexane extracts of rice bran (RB), corn cob (CC), green (GM) and yellow millets (YM) showed antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 35150, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Helicobacter pylori MH179991 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13150 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg/mL. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed a total of 101 compounds in all extracts. Furthermore, the mode of action of the major bioactive compounds in extracts was tested against Lipoprotein X complex (LpxC) and 4 chained structured binding protein of Bacterial type II topoisomerase (4PLB) in silico. Docking analysis showed moderate to potent inhibition against receptor proteins (4PLB and LpxC) with a docking score of -7.52, -8.89 and -9.89 Kcal/mol for 3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde, cyclododecane, di-tertbutylbenzene, respectively. GM, YM, CC and RB hexane extracts possesses antibacterial potential that could be developed as antimicrobial agents. Cereals and their by-products represent an abundant and low-cost resource for value added functional food. They may be considered alternative new sources of antimicrobial agents to tackle a challenge of antimicrobial-resistance. Findings from this work provide insight of how volatile bioactive compounds inhibits bacterial pathogens by targeting 4PLB and LpxC as evident in computational study. Further studies to confirm antibacterial potency of these compounds in vivo are warranted.
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft & Technologie, Mar 1, 2022
The producers of broccoli sprouts have become increasingly interested in improving their sulforap... more The producers of broccoli sprouts have become increasingly interested in improving their sulforaphane content. This study has evaluated the effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) with different available chlorine concentrations (ACC) on broccoli sprouts: their content of some bioactive compounds such as glucosinolates, their morphology, and their total bacterial counts. The results have shown that SAEW might affect the content of sulforaphane by influencing the content of glucosinolates and the activity of myrosinase. SAEW inhibited the growth of broccoli sprouts: their fresh weight decreased as the available chlorine concentration (ACC) of the SAEW increased, but the different solutions did not affect their dry weight. The number of microorganisms on the broccoli sprout decreased by 1.71 log CFU/g after using the SAEW with ACC value of 50 mg/L treatment compared with tap water treatment. Overall, although SAEW adversely affected the morphology of broccoli sprouts, with a suitable ACC it can be a useful tool for enhancing the amount of secondary metabolites and reducing the microbial counts on broccoli sprouts intended for fresh consumption as a functional food.
Bacillus cereus, an endospore forming human pathogen associated with foodborne diseases, can form... more Bacillus cereus, an endospore forming human pathogen associated with foodborne diseases, can form biofilms and attach to surfaces of processing equipment in the food industry. It is a consistent source of contamination and/or cross contamination of processed food products. The objective of this study was to understand substratum attachment location and biofilm formation behavior of B. cereus strains under different growth conditions. A total of 60 strains isolated from food, human, or farm and a number of reference strains were used in this study. Substratum attachment locations of these strains in 96-well microtiter plates were highly diversified among these strains. Strains isolated from food showed higher preference to attach at the air-liquid interface during early stage of biofilm formation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the level of substratum attachment location and biofilm formation of B. cereus strains isolated from different sources. Substratum properties did not affect biofilm formation location when a number of selected strains were grown on stainless steel coupon, indicating that biofilm formation location might be independent of the type of substratum. Substratum attachment location and biofilm formation related phenotypes such as total biomass production, number of sessile cells, and sporulation were closely correlated. Substratum attachment location and sporulation behavior were strongly affected during biofilm formation under nutrient stress condition. The number of spores was significantly increased in biofilms grown under nutrient stress condition even though total biomass formation was lower. Our results on substratum attachment location and related biofilm formation behavior are substantially important for food industries where different surfaces are prone to B. cereus attachment, particularly for setting up and implementing clean in place (CIP) protocols.
Understanding the mechanism behind probiotic action will enable a rational selection of probiotic... more Understanding the mechanism behind probiotic action will enable a rational selection of probiotics, increase the chances of success in clinical studies and make it easy to substantiate health claims. However, most probiotic studies over the years have rather focused on the effects of probiotics in health and disease, whereas little is known about the specific molecules that trigger effects in hosts. This makes it difficult to describe the detailed mechanism by which a given probiotic functions. Probiotics communicate with their hosts through molecular signaling. Meanwhile, since the molecules produced by probiotics under in vitro conditions may differ from those produced in vivo, in vitro mechanistic studies would have to be conducted under conditions that mimic gastrointestinal conditions as much as possible. The ideal situation would, however, be to carry out well-designed clinical trials in humans (or the target animal) using adequate quantities of the suspected probiotic molecul...
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved The antibacterial effect of volatile ... more This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved The antibacterial effect of volatile compounds in millets and cereal by-products were investigated. Hexane extracts of rice bran (RB), corn cob (CC), green (GM) and yellow millets (YM) showed antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 35150, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Helicobacter pylori MH179991 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13150 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg/mL. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed a total of 101 compounds in all extracts. Furthermore, the mode of action of the major bioactive compounds in extracts was tested against Lipoprotein X complex (LpxC) and 4 chained structured binding protein of Bacterial type II topoisomerase (4PLB) in silico. Docking analysis showed moderate to potent inhibition against receptor proteins (4PLB and LpxC) with a docking score of -7.52, -8.89 and -9.89 Kcal/mol for 3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde, cyclododecane, di-tertbutylbenzene, respectively. GM, YM, CC and RB hexane extracts possesses antibacterial potential that could be developed as antimicrobial agents. Cereals and their by-products represent an abundant and low-cost resource for value added functional food. They may be considered alternative new sources of antimicrobial agents to tackle a challenge of antimicrobial-resistance. Findings from this work provide insight of how volatile bioactive compounds inhibits bacterial pathogens by targeting 4PLB and LpxC as evident in computational study. Further studies to confirm antibacterial potency of these compounds in vivo are warranted.
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