Papers by Jonathan Javitt
Pediatrics
Background. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of blindness among premature in... more Background. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of blindness among premature infants. A recent National Eye Institute-sponsored prospective, multicenter trial investigating the use of cryotherapy for treatment of ROP demonstrates a significant reduction in blindness and low vision for patients with sight-threatening (stage 3+) ROP. Method. A microsimulation model is presented to determine the cost-effectiveness of cryotherapy for ROP. Simulations are performed for three subpopulations of premature infants with birth weights 500 through 749 g, 750 through 999 g, and 1000 through 1249 g, and for three screening strategies—weekly, biweekly, and monthly. Results. Appropriately timed screening for and treatment of ROP is predicted to result in a gain of 3899 to 4648 quality-adjusted-life-years and a net governmental budgetary savings of $38.3 to $64.9 million for each annual US birth cohort of 28 321 premature infants (500 through 1249 g). The cost per quality-adjusted-...
American Journal of Managed Care, 2005
To demonstrate the potential effect of deploying a sentinel system that scans administrative clai... more To demonstrate the potential effect of deploying a sentinel system that scans administrative claims information and clinical data to detect and mitigate errors in care and deviations from best medical practices. Members (n = 39 462; age range, 12-64 years) of a midwestern managed care plan were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The sentinel system was programmed with more than 1000 decision rules that were capable of generating clinical recommendations. Clinical recommendations triggered for subjects in the intervention group were relayed to treating physicians, and those for the control group were deferred to study end. Nine hundred eight clinical recommendations were issued to the intervention group. Among those in both groups who triggered recommendations, there were 19% fewer hospital admissions in the intervention group compared with the control group (P < .001). Charges among those whose recommendations were communicated were dollar 77.91 per member p...
RLF-100 (Aviptadil), a synthetic form of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) has been granted Fas... more RLF-100 (Aviptadil), a synthetic form of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) has been granted Fast Track Designation by the US FDA for the treatment of Critical COVID-19 with Respiratory Failure. We describe the clinical course of the first patient treated with this investigational medication in an open label manner -- a 54 year old patient suffering antibody-mediated rejection of his double lung transplant who contracted COVID-19 with respiratory failure refractory to all currently available therapies. He received three infusions of RLF-100 under an FDA-approved emergency use IND. Within 24 hours of the third infusion, substantial improvement in oxygen saturation and radiographic improvement in characteristic COVID-19 pneumonitis was noted. He was discharged from intensive care at that point and returned home at 1 week on room air.
1. Houston Methodist Pulmonary Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston M... more 1. Houston Methodist Pulmonary Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA 2. Department of Academic Pulmonology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 3. Houston Methodist Pulmonary Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA 4. NeuroRx, Inc. Wilmington, DE 5. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
1. Houston Methodist JC Walter Jr Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Housto... more 1. Houston Methodist JC Walter Jr Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA 2. Institute of Academic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine 3. Posthumous. At the time of this research, author SS was Professor of Medicine at State University of New York Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, NY. 4. University of Houston, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics 5. NYU Langone Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 6. NeuroRx, Inc., Wilmington, DE 7. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
Background: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) blocks replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, inhib... more Background: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) blocks replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, inhibits cytokine synthesis, prevents cytopathy, and upregulates surfactant production in human pulmonary cells. RLF-100™ (aviptadil), is currently in phase 2/3 trials with FDA Fast Track designation for treating Critical COVID-19 with Respiratory Failure. Methods: Case series of 21 consecutive with Critical COVID-19 and multiple co-morbidities, treated with intravenous aviptadil (synthetic VIP). Sixteen patients were treated with ventilation alone and five with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Results: So far, 19 of 21 patients have survived. Improved radiographic appearance was seen in both lungs of 17 patients and in one lung of 2 patients. A mean 2.5-fold increase in PaO2:FiO2 ratio was seen (P<0.0001) with complete remission from respiratory failure in 9 patients and ongoing improvement in 10. Seven patients were discharged from the hospital, 7 sent to intermediate care, an...
Frontiers in Psychology
Organizations are dynamic entities, such that they are constantly developing and changing. As suc... more Organizations are dynamic entities, such that they are constantly developing and changing. As such, these entities require leadership capable of managing transformations. Transformational leadership is an effective leadership model that focuses on adapting to existing environmental circumstances whether through internal information, human and monetary resources, or different external variables. This study aims to highlight the characteristics of transformational leadership and their effects on the public universities in Saudi particularly, this study enlightens the urgent need to test the behavioral intentions in the public universities in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this goal, many major databases were used. The period of the study was set from 2011 to 2020 as the topic of the study is the current transformational leadership within the public universities in Saudi Arabia. There was a total of 47,400,000 studies on transformational leadership on Google, however, only 22 studies were re...
SSRN Electronic Journal
Aviptadil, a synthetic form of human Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) has been granted FDA Fas... more Aviptadil, a synthetic form of human Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) has been granted FDA Fast Track Designation for the treatment of Critical COVID-19 with respiratory failure and is now in phase 2/3 clinical trials, with initial determinations of safety and non-futility. Rapid recovery from Critical COVID-19 with respiratory failure as been seen in multiple patients treated with open label VIP under FDA Emergency Use IND. VIP binds uniquely to receptors on Alveolar Type II cells in the lung, the same cells that bind the SARS-CoV-2 virus via their ACE2 receptors. VIP protects those cells and the surrounding pulmonary epithelium by blocking cytokines, preventing apoptosis, and upregulating the production of surfactant, the loss of which is increasingly implicated in COVID-19 respiratory failure. Because of its lack of toxicity and low cost of manufacture compared to proprietary biologics, VIP may be uniquely attractive to those focused on global countermeasures against COVID-19.
Background: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is known to bind to and protect the Alveolar Type... more Background: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is known to bind to and protect the Alveolar Type II cell by blocking replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, upregulating surfactant production, blocking apoptosis, and blocking cytokine effects. RLF-100 (Aviptadil), a synthetic form of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) has been granted Fast Track Designation and is currently in phase 2/3 placebo-controlled trials. FDA has granted Emergency Use IND and Expanded Access Protocol approval for the use of RLF-100 in patients whose comorbidities render them ineligible for inclusion in the ongoing pivotal trial. Methods: This report describes the first 6 patients with Acute Respiratory Failure in Critical COVID-19, enrolled under Emergency Use IND were treated with three successive 12-hour infusions of intravenous Aviptadil at 50/100/150 pmol/kg/hr, while continuing to receive maximal ICU care. Results: Median patient follow-up time is 14 days. So far, all treated patients have survived. Impr...
Purpose: To assess the clinical safety and possible effectiveness of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptid... more Purpose: To assess the clinical safety and possible effectiveness of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in the treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) related to sepsisMethods: Under FDA Investigational New Drug clearance, 8 patients with ARDS related to sepsis were treated with 50 pmole/kg/hr – 100 pmole/kg/hr of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide by intravenous infusion for 12 hours. All patients were on mechanical ventilation and full telemetery.Results: No drug-related serious adverse events were seen. Hypotension was seen in association with two infusions and diarrhea in association with one, but did not necessitate cessation of therapy. Bigeminy was seen in association with one infusion without sequelae. Seven of eight patients demonstrated a successful course during intensive care and were successfully removed from mechanical ventilation and discharged from intensive care. The eighth patient succumbed to purulent secretions in the lungs. Of those who were discharged fro...
Drug Topics, Dec 10, 2013
Mobile health-monitoring systems can empower the patient and strengthen the position of the pharm... more Mobile health-monitoring systems can empower the patient and strengthen the position of the pharmacist on the healthcare team.
Ophthalmology, 2016
Intracameral antibiotic use at the time of cataract extraction has become standard practice in Eu... more Intracameral antibiotic use at the time of cataract extraction has become standard practice in Europe and is now mandated in some countries. Despite professional recognition of the potential value of intracameral antibiotics, this practice is not routine in the United States. A major barrier to adoption in the United State is the absence of a United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved intracameral antibiotic preparation. The purpose of this editorial is to highlight new research that may provide a preponderance of evidence in favor of intracameral antibiotic use and to identify the barriers to universal adoption of this practice, together with a possible solution.
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Papers by Jonathan Javitt