In this project a group of researchers from the University of Maryland and the University of Mary... more In this project a group of researchers from the University of Maryland and the University of Maryland Baltimore County are working together with colleagues in Argentina, Hungary, Mexico and the US to create children's book communities. This case study describes early work in developing the online book community, known as ''ICDLCommunities'' because it is associated with a large digital library of children's books known as the ''International Children's Digital Library'' (ICDL) (www.childrenslibrary.org or www.icdlbooks.org). The idea is to enable children from across the world to communicate with each other about the books they read and about their lives; for example, what it is like to go to school in their country; what people eat; what games they play, and so on. In this case study we focus on the evaluation of early prototypes of components of the ICDLCommunities software. We describe the field evaluations of school-based groups of children, aged 7 to 9, who were supported by their teachers and researchers from our team. Much of the early prototyping work was done using paper and video which was then sent to the children in another country. A strong focus for both kinds of activities was to help the children to get to know each other better. As the children became more comfortable working together they were set the task of reading a story form a book in the digital library and then ''writing'' a new ending for the story. These new
When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise tha... more When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise that exist within a healthcare framework. To uncover these shaping practices, we provided a Fitbit Zip step-count sensor to nine patients with Parkinson's disease. Each patient wore the sensor for four weeks and then returned for a clinical visit with their neurologist. Our analysis focuses on this first clinical visit after four weeks of data had been collected. Our use of conversation analysis of both talk and action makes visible the practices engaged in by both collaborative members to 'craft a view' of the data toward shared decision making. Our findings reveal the deliberate guiding of attention to specific interpretations of the data through both talk and actions and we explain how our systematic analysis has uncovered tools for the mutually beneficial crafting practices of the clinician and patient.
The Human-Computer Interaction Lab worked with a team for the Library of Congress (LC) to develop... more The Human-Computer Interaction Lab worked with a team for the Library of Congress (LC) to develop and test interface designs for LC's National Digital Library Program. Three iterations are described and illustrate the progression of the project toward a compact design that minimizes scrolling and jumping and anchors users in a screen space that tightly couples search and results. Issues and resolutions are discussed for each iteration and reflect the challenges of incomplete metadata, data visualization, and the rapidly changing web environment.
Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in Englis... more Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in English. There has been increasing concern as to whether web users who speak non-native English languages can access information as effectively as native English users. Few studies have been done on how multi-lingual users search for information in two or more languages online, specifically how they switch languages in order to get satisfying search results. This research investigates the factors that impact native Chinese users' code-switching (Chinese-English) search behaviors when they seek information online and the challenges that users encounter. The methods of this research consist of two phases. In-context interviews will allow us to explore natural behaviors in the users' context in the first phase. Fifteen native Chinese participants will be recruited. A controlled eye-tracking study is planned for the second phase in order to examine different reading patterns of these bilingual web users and what web elements they focus on. Thirty native Chinese will be recruited in this phase. The research aims to explore when, how, and why users switch languages, and examine the role of languages that users select in online searches.
Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual sear... more Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual searchers face when searching for information in multiple languages. In this paper, we present preliminary findings from a qualitative study of design and evaluation of a multilingual search User Interface, TranSearch. Findings highlight that 1) during query translation phase, intuitive user interaction, specifically, automatic machine translation with user ability to edit and keep track of queries is especially beneficial; 2) in search phase, result displays facilitating comparison across languages, customizable result panels accommodating user preferences, and flexibility to switch result languages play important roles. It is identified that simplicity, visibility, and customization are the characters mostly preferred. Based on user preference explanation, implications for design are discussed around these themes.
ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, May 27, 2003
The scope and reach of digital libraries (DL) is truly global, spanning geographical and cultural... more The scope and reach of digital libraries (DL) is truly global, spanning geographical and cultural boundaries, yet few scholars have investigated the influence of culture as it pertains to the design and use of digital libraries. This workshop will examine cross-cultural issues around the use and development of DLs, especially as they relate to supporting cross-cultural usability of DLs.
Digital libraries (DL) are increasingly broader in scope and reach, spanning geographical and cul... more Digital libraries (DL) are increasingly broader in scope and reach, spanning geographical and cultural boundaries. Yet little research is available on the influence of culture as it pertains to the design and use of digital libraries. To address these considerations, a workshop was organized at Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) 2003, the aim of which was to bring together researchers and practitioners (twelve participants altogether) from a variety of disciplines to present current projects and contribute to a collaborative research agenda. The goals of the workshop were: 1) to increase awareness about the area of cross-cultural usability in the digital library community; 2) to identify new tools, techniques and methodologies for cross-cultural study of user behavior in DLs and international user interface design; 3) to provide a forum for generating new research directions and cross-disciplinary collaboration. The workshop started with presentations by the authors on the concept of 'culture', cross cultural usability issues for digital libraries, and studies of information-seeking behavior across cultures. The discussions that ensued established a roadmap for research in the area of cross-cultural design for digital libraries. Two areas were identified:
This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for... more This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for intrusion detection (ID). IDtk was developed through a user-centered design process, in which we identified design guidelines to support ID users. ID analysts protect their networks by searching for evidence of attacks in ID system output, firewall and system logs, and other complex, textual data sources. Monitoring and analyzing these sources incurs a heavy cognitive load for analysts. The use of information visualization techniques offers a valuable addition to the toolkit of the ID analyst. Several visualization techniques for ID have been developed, but few usability or field studies have been completed to assess the needs of ID analysts and the usability and usefulness of these tools. We intended to fill this gap by applying a user-centered design process in the development and evaluation of IDtk, a 3D, glyph-based visualization tool that gives the user maximum flexibility in setting up how the visualization display represents ID data. The user can also customize whether the display is a simple, high-level overview to support monitoring, or a more complex 3D view allowing for viewing the data from multiple angles and thus supporting analysis and diagnosis. This flexibility was found crucial in our usability evaluation. In addition to describing the tool, we report the findings of our user evaluation and propose new guidelines for the design of information visualization tools for ID.
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
The introduction of Augmented Reality (AR) Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) in collaboration between ... more The introduction of Augmented Reality (AR) Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) in collaboration between remote and local workers, introduces new challenges given that camera views are now mobile. We introduce HoloMentor, an AR HMD-based collaborative system designed for remote instruction over live mobile views during physical tasks. Through Actionport, we provide a world-stabilized area where remote helpers can dynamically place a pointer and annotations on the physical environment. Through Actionpad, we provide an indirect input mechanism with an absolute position to the Actionport. We show how these innovations worked for participants engaged in a remote instructional task and how they supported effective and efficient communication. Finally, we provide the next steps for addressing AR on mobile views for remote instruction.
is the undergraduate program coordinator and a faculty member in the Mechanical Engineering Depar... more is the undergraduate program coordinator and a faculty member in the Mechanical Engineering Department at UMBC, Director for the Center for the innovative, teaching, research and learning and she is the Associate Director of Engineering Education Initiatives at COEIT. Her research is focused on solving problems relating to educating and developing engineers, teachers, and the community at all levels (k12, undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate and faculty development). She seeks to identify best practices and develop assessments methods that assist faculty and teachers with student engagement, helping them to navigate the various pathways in STEM. A few of these key areas include engineering identity and mindsets, first year experiences in engineering, integrating service learning into the engineering classroom, implementing new instructional methodologies, and design optimization using additive manufacturing. Dr. Gurganus collaborates with a number of industry partners and consults throughout Maryland in STEM education initiatives. In 2019, Dr. Gurganus received the Northern Maryland Technology Council Leader Award in STEM education. She has written curricula and published a number of works in engineering education, including a Statics workbook for undergraduate engineering students. She is the Director of Innovation Programs and Operations for the non-profit research collaborative, Advancing Engineering Excellence in P-12 Engineering Education. Dr. Gurganus teaches several first and second year Mechanical Engineering classes along with the Mechanical Engineering Senior Capstone design course for UMBC.
Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2017
Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual sear... more Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual searchers face when searching for information in multiple languages. In this paper, we present preliminary findings from a qualitative study of design and evaluation of a multilingual search User Interface, TranSearch. Findings highlight that 1) during query translation phase, intuitive user interaction, specifically, automatic machine translation with user ability to edit and keep track of queries is especially beneficial; 2) in search phase, result displays facilitating comparison across languages, customizable result panels accommodating user preferences, and flexibility to switch result languages play important roles. It is identified that simplicity, visibility, and customization are the characters mostly preferred. Based on user preference explanation, implications for design are discussed around these themes.
Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2017
When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise tha... more When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise that exist within a healthcare framework. To uncover these shaping practices, we provided a Fitbit Zip step-count sensor to nine patients with Parkinson's disease. Each patient wore the sensor for four weeks and then returned for a clinical visit with their neurologist. Our analysis focuses on this first clinical visit after four weeks of data had been collected. Our use of conversation analysis of both talk and action makes visible the practices engaged in by both collaborative members to 'craft a view' of the data toward shared decision making. Our findings reveal the deliberate guiding of attention to specific interpretations of the data through both talk and actions and we explain how our systematic analysis has uncovered tools for the mutually beneficial crafting practices of the clinician and patient.
Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval, 2016
Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in Englis... more Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in English. There has been increasing concern as to whether web users who speak non-native English languages can access information as effectively as native English users. Few studies have been done on how multi-lingual users search for information in two or more languages online, specifically how they switch languages in order to get satisfying search results. This research investigates the factors that impact native Chinese users' code-switching (Chinese-English) search behaviors when they seek information online and the challenges that users encounter. The methods of this research consist of two phases. In-context interviews will allow us to explore natural behaviors in the users' context in the first phase. Fifteen native Chinese participants will be recruited. A controlled eye-tracking study is planned for the second phase in order to examine different reading patterns of these bilingual web users and what web elements they focus on. Thirty native Chinese will be recruited in this phase. The research aims to explore when, how, and why users switch languages, and examine the role of languages that users select in online searches.
Effective team interaction over great distances are already supported by many digital tools. Howe... more Effective team interaction over great distances are already supported by many digital tools. However, cooperative manipulation of common objects is limited and most non-verbal information (gaze direction, facial expressions) can be transmitted only partially or are missing completely. The inclusion of these additional information sources can enrich cooperative problems solving situations. In our demonstration we highlight the capabilities of the Virtual Collaboration Arena to support such interactions. With the help of a volunteer from the audience in Bamberg we will present parts of an information management task solved cooperatively with another user seated in Budapest.
Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2005
This paper reports (1) on the results of a user study and (2) search‐history‐based user interface... more This paper reports (1) on the results of a user study and (2) search‐history‐based user interface tools developed based on the results of the study. The research described is part of a dissertation (Komlodi 2002) that examined the use of search histories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations for information storage and re trieval systems. The study examined legal information seekers' use of their memory and externally recorded search histories in searching for and using information through qualitative research methods. The data collected was analyzed to identify potential task areas where search histories can support information seeking and use. The results show that many information‐seeking tasks can take advantage of automatically and manually recorded history information, including mental model building of a topical area, the integration of searching for and using infrmation, and integrating these into larger tasks contexts, which are repor...
Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2006
Hall (1976) believes that culture is a selective screen through which we see the world and that t... more Hall (1976) believes that culture is a selective screen through which we see the world and that the basic differences in the way members from different cultures perceive reality are responsible for the mis‐communications of the most fundamental kind. Hofstede (1997) notes that cultural orientations are deeply embedded in cultures over hundreds and thousands of years and modern media have not dislodged these cultural orientations. Indeed, cultural norms, assumptions, values, and orientations remain crucial for understanding people from various cultures. This understanding extends to designing a variety of information retrieval systems for international access and use, including Web‐based digital libraries. Since the Web is international in nature, Web design should embed ‘cultural attractors” (e.g., colors, metaphors, language cues, navigation controls, and other visual elements) that should create the’ look and feel” to match the cultural expectations of the users of a local culture...
CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2005
Intrusion detection (ID) analysts are charged with ensuring the safety and integrity of today's h... more Intrusion detection (ID) analysts are charged with ensuring the safety and integrity of today's high-speed computer networks. Their work includes the complex task of searching for indications of attacks and misuse in vast amounts of network data. Although there are several information visualization tools to support ID, few are grounded in a thorough understanding of the work ID analysts perform or include any empirical evaluation. We present a user-centered visualization based on our understanding of the work of ID and the needs of analysts derived from the first significant user study of ID. The tool presents analysts with both 'at a glance' understanding of network activity, and low-level network link details. Results from preliminary usability testing show that users performed better and found easier those tasks dealing with network state in comparison to network link tasks.
IEEE Workshop on Visualization for Computer Security, 2005. (VizSEC 05).
This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for... more This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for intrusion detection (ID). IDtk was developed through a user-centered design process, in which we identified design guidelines to support ID users. ID analysts protect their networks by searching for evidence of attacks in ID system output, firewall and system logs, and other complex, textual data sources. Monitoring and analyzing these sources incurs a heavy cognitive load for analysts. The use of information visualization techniques offers a valuable addition to the toolkit of the ID analyst. Several visualization techniques for ID have been developed, but few usability or field studies have been completed to assess the needs of ID analysts and the usability and usefulness of these tools. We intended to fill this gap by applying a user-centered design process in the development and evaluation of IDtk, a 3D, glyph-based visualization tool that gives the user maximum flexibility in setting up how the visualization display represents ID data. The user can also customize whether the display is a simple, high-level overview to support monitoring, or a more complex 3D view allowing for viewing the data from multiple angles and thus supporting analysis and diagnosis. This flexibility was found crucial in our usability evaluation. In addition to describing the tool, we report the findings of our user evaluation and propose new guidelines for the design of information visualization tools for ID.
In this project a group of researchers from the University of Maryland and the University of Mary... more In this project a group of researchers from the University of Maryland and the University of Maryland Baltimore County are working together with colleagues in Argentina, Hungary, Mexico and the US to create children's book communities. This case study describes early work in developing the online book community, known as ''ICDLCommunities'' because it is associated with a large digital library of children's books known as the ''International Children's Digital Library'' (ICDL) (www.childrenslibrary.org or www.icdlbooks.org). The idea is to enable children from across the world to communicate with each other about the books they read and about their lives; for example, what it is like to go to school in their country; what people eat; what games they play, and so on. In this case study we focus on the evaluation of early prototypes of components of the ICDLCommunities software. We describe the field evaluations of school-based groups of children, aged 7 to 9, who were supported by their teachers and researchers from our team. Much of the early prototyping work was done using paper and video which was then sent to the children in another country. A strong focus for both kinds of activities was to help the children to get to know each other better. As the children became more comfortable working together they were set the task of reading a story form a book in the digital library and then ''writing'' a new ending for the story. These new
When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise tha... more When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise that exist within a healthcare framework. To uncover these shaping practices, we provided a Fitbit Zip step-count sensor to nine patients with Parkinson's disease. Each patient wore the sensor for four weeks and then returned for a clinical visit with their neurologist. Our analysis focuses on this first clinical visit after four weeks of data had been collected. Our use of conversation analysis of both talk and action makes visible the practices engaged in by both collaborative members to 'craft a view' of the data toward shared decision making. Our findings reveal the deliberate guiding of attention to specific interpretations of the data through both talk and actions and we explain how our systematic analysis has uncovered tools for the mutually beneficial crafting practices of the clinician and patient.
The Human-Computer Interaction Lab worked with a team for the Library of Congress (LC) to develop... more The Human-Computer Interaction Lab worked with a team for the Library of Congress (LC) to develop and test interface designs for LC's National Digital Library Program. Three iterations are described and illustrate the progression of the project toward a compact design that minimizes scrolling and jumping and anchors users in a screen space that tightly couples search and results. Issues and resolutions are discussed for each iteration and reflect the challenges of incomplete metadata, data visualization, and the rapidly changing web environment.
Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in Englis... more Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in English. There has been increasing concern as to whether web users who speak non-native English languages can access information as effectively as native English users. Few studies have been done on how multi-lingual users search for information in two or more languages online, specifically how they switch languages in order to get satisfying search results. This research investigates the factors that impact native Chinese users' code-switching (Chinese-English) search behaviors when they seek information online and the challenges that users encounter. The methods of this research consist of two phases. In-context interviews will allow us to explore natural behaviors in the users' context in the first phase. Fifteen native Chinese participants will be recruited. A controlled eye-tracking study is planned for the second phase in order to examine different reading patterns of these bilingual web users and what web elements they focus on. Thirty native Chinese will be recruited in this phase. The research aims to explore when, how, and why users switch languages, and examine the role of languages that users select in online searches.
Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual sear... more Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual searchers face when searching for information in multiple languages. In this paper, we present preliminary findings from a qualitative study of design and evaluation of a multilingual search User Interface, TranSearch. Findings highlight that 1) during query translation phase, intuitive user interaction, specifically, automatic machine translation with user ability to edit and keep track of queries is especially beneficial; 2) in search phase, result displays facilitating comparison across languages, customizable result panels accommodating user preferences, and flexibility to switch result languages play important roles. It is identified that simplicity, visibility, and customization are the characters mostly preferred. Based on user preference explanation, implications for design are discussed around these themes.
ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, May 27, 2003
The scope and reach of digital libraries (DL) is truly global, spanning geographical and cultural... more The scope and reach of digital libraries (DL) is truly global, spanning geographical and cultural boundaries, yet few scholars have investigated the influence of culture as it pertains to the design and use of digital libraries. This workshop will examine cross-cultural issues around the use and development of DLs, especially as they relate to supporting cross-cultural usability of DLs.
Digital libraries (DL) are increasingly broader in scope and reach, spanning geographical and cul... more Digital libraries (DL) are increasingly broader in scope and reach, spanning geographical and cultural boundaries. Yet little research is available on the influence of culture as it pertains to the design and use of digital libraries. To address these considerations, a workshop was organized at Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) 2003, the aim of which was to bring together researchers and practitioners (twelve participants altogether) from a variety of disciplines to present current projects and contribute to a collaborative research agenda. The goals of the workshop were: 1) to increase awareness about the area of cross-cultural usability in the digital library community; 2) to identify new tools, techniques and methodologies for cross-cultural study of user behavior in DLs and international user interface design; 3) to provide a forum for generating new research directions and cross-disciplinary collaboration. The workshop started with presentations by the authors on the concept of 'culture', cross cultural usability issues for digital libraries, and studies of information-seeking behavior across cultures. The discussions that ensued established a roadmap for research in the area of cross-cultural design for digital libraries. Two areas were identified:
This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for... more This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for intrusion detection (ID). IDtk was developed through a user-centered design process, in which we identified design guidelines to support ID users. ID analysts protect their networks by searching for evidence of attacks in ID system output, firewall and system logs, and other complex, textual data sources. Monitoring and analyzing these sources incurs a heavy cognitive load for analysts. The use of information visualization techniques offers a valuable addition to the toolkit of the ID analyst. Several visualization techniques for ID have been developed, but few usability or field studies have been completed to assess the needs of ID analysts and the usability and usefulness of these tools. We intended to fill this gap by applying a user-centered design process in the development and evaluation of IDtk, a 3D, glyph-based visualization tool that gives the user maximum flexibility in setting up how the visualization display represents ID data. The user can also customize whether the display is a simple, high-level overview to support monitoring, or a more complex 3D view allowing for viewing the data from multiple angles and thus supporting analysis and diagnosis. This flexibility was found crucial in our usability evaluation. In addition to describing the tool, we report the findings of our user evaluation and propose new guidelines for the design of information visualization tools for ID.
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
The introduction of Augmented Reality (AR) Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) in collaboration between ... more The introduction of Augmented Reality (AR) Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) in collaboration between remote and local workers, introduces new challenges given that camera views are now mobile. We introduce HoloMentor, an AR HMD-based collaborative system designed for remote instruction over live mobile views during physical tasks. Through Actionport, we provide a world-stabilized area where remote helpers can dynamically place a pointer and annotations on the physical environment. Through Actionpad, we provide an indirect input mechanism with an absolute position to the Actionport. We show how these innovations worked for participants engaged in a remote instructional task and how they supported effective and efficient communication. Finally, we provide the next steps for addressing AR on mobile views for remote instruction.
is the undergraduate program coordinator and a faculty member in the Mechanical Engineering Depar... more is the undergraduate program coordinator and a faculty member in the Mechanical Engineering Department at UMBC, Director for the Center for the innovative, teaching, research and learning and she is the Associate Director of Engineering Education Initiatives at COEIT. Her research is focused on solving problems relating to educating and developing engineers, teachers, and the community at all levels (k12, undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate and faculty development). She seeks to identify best practices and develop assessments methods that assist faculty and teachers with student engagement, helping them to navigate the various pathways in STEM. A few of these key areas include engineering identity and mindsets, first year experiences in engineering, integrating service learning into the engineering classroom, implementing new instructional methodologies, and design optimization using additive manufacturing. Dr. Gurganus collaborates with a number of industry partners and consults throughout Maryland in STEM education initiatives. In 2019, Dr. Gurganus received the Northern Maryland Technology Council Leader Award in STEM education. She has written curricula and published a number of works in engineering education, including a Statics workbook for undergraduate engineering students. She is the Director of Innovation Programs and Operations for the non-profit research collaborative, Advancing Engineering Excellence in P-12 Engineering Education. Dr. Gurganus teaches several first and second year Mechanical Engineering classes along with the Mechanical Engineering Senior Capstone design course for UMBC.
Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2017
Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual sear... more Multilingual Information Retrieval systems and interfaces tackle the challenges multilingual searchers face when searching for information in multiple languages. In this paper, we present preliminary findings from a qualitative study of design and evaluation of a multilingual search User Interface, TranSearch. Findings highlight that 1) during query translation phase, intuitive user interaction, specifically, automatic machine translation with user ability to edit and keep track of queries is especially beneficial; 2) in search phase, result displays facilitating comparison across languages, customizable result panels accommodating user preferences, and flexibility to switch result languages play important roles. It is identified that simplicity, visibility, and customization are the characters mostly preferred. Based on user preference explanation, implications for design are discussed around these themes.
Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2017
When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise tha... more When self-tracking encounters clinical practices, the data is reshaped by goals and expertise that exist within a healthcare framework. To uncover these shaping practices, we provided a Fitbit Zip step-count sensor to nine patients with Parkinson's disease. Each patient wore the sensor for four weeks and then returned for a clinical visit with their neurologist. Our analysis focuses on this first clinical visit after four weeks of data had been collected. Our use of conversation analysis of both talk and action makes visible the practices engaged in by both collaborative members to 'craft a view' of the data toward shared decision making. Our findings reveal the deliberate guiding of attention to specific interpretations of the data through both talk and actions and we explain how our systematic analysis has uncovered tools for the mutually beneficial crafting practices of the clinician and patient.
Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval, 2016
Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in Englis... more Non-native English users search for information on websites that mostly present content in English. There has been increasing concern as to whether web users who speak non-native English languages can access information as effectively as native English users. Few studies have been done on how multi-lingual users search for information in two or more languages online, specifically how they switch languages in order to get satisfying search results. This research investigates the factors that impact native Chinese users' code-switching (Chinese-English) search behaviors when they seek information online and the challenges that users encounter. The methods of this research consist of two phases. In-context interviews will allow us to explore natural behaviors in the users' context in the first phase. Fifteen native Chinese participants will be recruited. A controlled eye-tracking study is planned for the second phase in order to examine different reading patterns of these bilingual web users and what web elements they focus on. Thirty native Chinese will be recruited in this phase. The research aims to explore when, how, and why users switch languages, and examine the role of languages that users select in online searches.
Effective team interaction over great distances are already supported by many digital tools. Howe... more Effective team interaction over great distances are already supported by many digital tools. However, cooperative manipulation of common objects is limited and most non-verbal information (gaze direction, facial expressions) can be transmitted only partially or are missing completely. The inclusion of these additional information sources can enrich cooperative problems solving situations. In our demonstration we highlight the capabilities of the Virtual Collaboration Arena to support such interactions. With the help of a volunteer from the audience in Bamberg we will present parts of an information management task solved cooperatively with another user seated in Budapest.
Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2005
This paper reports (1) on the results of a user study and (2) search‐history‐based user interface... more This paper reports (1) on the results of a user study and (2) search‐history‐based user interface tools developed based on the results of the study. The research described is part of a dissertation (Komlodi 2002) that examined the use of search histories in legal information seeking and derived interface design recommendations for information storage and re trieval systems. The study examined legal information seekers' use of their memory and externally recorded search histories in searching for and using information through qualitative research methods. The data collected was analyzed to identify potential task areas where search histories can support information seeking and use. The results show that many information‐seeking tasks can take advantage of automatically and manually recorded history information, including mental model building of a topical area, the integration of searching for and using infrmation, and integrating these into larger tasks contexts, which are repor...
Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2006
Hall (1976) believes that culture is a selective screen through which we see the world and that t... more Hall (1976) believes that culture is a selective screen through which we see the world and that the basic differences in the way members from different cultures perceive reality are responsible for the mis‐communications of the most fundamental kind. Hofstede (1997) notes that cultural orientations are deeply embedded in cultures over hundreds and thousands of years and modern media have not dislodged these cultural orientations. Indeed, cultural norms, assumptions, values, and orientations remain crucial for understanding people from various cultures. This understanding extends to designing a variety of information retrieval systems for international access and use, including Web‐based digital libraries. Since the Web is international in nature, Web design should embed ‘cultural attractors” (e.g., colors, metaphors, language cues, navigation controls, and other visual elements) that should create the’ look and feel” to match the cultural expectations of the users of a local culture...
CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2005
Intrusion detection (ID) analysts are charged with ensuring the safety and integrity of today's h... more Intrusion detection (ID) analysts are charged with ensuring the safety and integrity of today's high-speed computer networks. Their work includes the complex task of searching for indications of attacks and misuse in vast amounts of network data. Although there are several information visualization tools to support ID, few are grounded in a thorough understanding of the work ID analysts perform or include any empirical evaluation. We present a user-centered visualization based on our understanding of the work of ID and the needs of analysts derived from the first significant user study of ID. The tool presents analysts with both 'at a glance' understanding of network activity, and low-level network link details. Results from preliminary usability testing show that users performed better and found easier those tasks dealing with network state in comparison to network link tasks.
IEEE Workshop on Visualization for Computer Security, 2005. (VizSEC 05).
This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for... more This paper presents the Intrusion Detection toolkit (IDtk), an information Visualization tool for intrusion detection (ID). IDtk was developed through a user-centered design process, in which we identified design guidelines to support ID users. ID analysts protect their networks by searching for evidence of attacks in ID system output, firewall and system logs, and other complex, textual data sources. Monitoring and analyzing these sources incurs a heavy cognitive load for analysts. The use of information visualization techniques offers a valuable addition to the toolkit of the ID analyst. Several visualization techniques for ID have been developed, but few usability or field studies have been completed to assess the needs of ID analysts and the usability and usefulness of these tools. We intended to fill this gap by applying a user-centered design process in the development and evaluation of IDtk, a 3D, glyph-based visualization tool that gives the user maximum flexibility in setting up how the visualization display represents ID data. The user can also customize whether the display is a simple, high-level overview to support monitoring, or a more complex 3D view allowing for viewing the data from multiple angles and thus supporting analysis and diagnosis. This flexibility was found crucial in our usability evaluation. In addition to describing the tool, we report the findings of our user evaluation and propose new guidelines for the design of information visualization tools for ID.
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Papers by Anita Komlodi