Raju Parakkal

Thomas Jefferson University, College of Humanities and Sciences, Faculty Member

Philadelphia University (USA), Liberal Arts, Faculty Member

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Sherry BARTZ

Manuel Wörsdörfer

University of Maine

Francesco Ducci

University of Toronto

Claudio Ciccioli

Jeremy Moss

The University of New South Wales

Hiba Hafiz

Maurice Stucke

University of Tennessee Knoxville

Matthias Schmelzer

Europa-Universität Flensburg

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Papers by Raju Parakkal

Capitalism, Antitrust, and Democracy: Perfect Partners or Strange Bedfellows?

Social Science Research Network, Jun 15, 2016

The articles included in this symposium examine the interesting relationships that capitalism, de... more The articles included in this symposium examine the interesting relationships that capitalism, democracy, and antitrust share with each other. These articles examine how antitrust laws and practices evolved in response to capitalistic pressures and democratic demands in some parts of the world. They also explore the impact that antitrust laws and regulations exert on capitalism and democracy. To better assist in examining the connections and conflicts of antitrust laws with the philosophies and practices of capitalism and democracy, we structured this symposium in a manner that facilitates a deliberative and dialectical analysis of these relationships. Each article is followed by a commentary article that engages with the main article to offer both supportive and critical evaluations. The author of the main article then provides a formal response to the commentary article. This symposium is, therefore, organized as a series of ''scholarly exchanges'' among the contributing authors. This introduction engages only with the round of arguments made in the main and commentary articles and leaves out the rejoinders and clarifications contained in the responses. Interested readers are encouraged to read the responses provided by authors of the main articles to the arguments raised in the commentary articles. In invoking the title of Joseph Schumpeter's magnum opus, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, 1 as inspiration for the title of this symposium, we at once highlight the nature of the domains of focus for this symposium while alluding to the similar conundrums and complexities that characterized Schumpeter's analysis of these three politico-economic structures of a society. More substantially, we invite attention to the complicated nature of the relationships that antitrust law shares with both capitalism and democracy. In its empirical relationship with capitalism and democracy, however, antitrust laws appear uncomplicated, as they are seen more in countries that are capitalistic and democratic compared to statist and authoritarian ones. 2 Therefore, one could summarily conclude that

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Economic Reforms in Developing and Transition Countries: An Analysis of Post-1990 India and Romania

Social Science Research Network, Feb 1, 2020

Foreign Investments in Emerging Economies: Do Competition Laws Help or Hinder?

Social Science Research Network, Apr 20, 2021

The drivers of successful regional expansion: evidence from multinational corporations in Latin America during 1990–2005

Transnational Corporations Review, 2022

National Security, Personal Insecurity, and Political Conspiracies: The Persistence of Americans' Beliefs in 9/11 Conspiracy Theories

Journal of International Relations, 2017

IntroductionThe election of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States has rekindled... more IntroductionThe election of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States has rekindled a discussion of conspiracy theories as they relate to governance and national security.1 As a candidate in the 2016 American presidential elections, Trump engaged in accusations against his presidential opponents that some observers alleged were conspiracy theories.2 But, among other things, the election of Donald Trump partly reflects the idea that a section of the American public is either indifferent to these dubious theories and those who peddle them or they earnestly believe in them to the point of thoughtless acceptance and wholehearted consumption of these theories. Existing research by political scientists, and by social scientists in general, on beliefs in conspiracy theories is conspicuously scant. We fill this gap in the literature by reexamining these beliefs and the reasons thereof through a survey focused on the continuing acceptance of 9/11 conspiracy theories by a non-tr...

The Drivers of Successful Regional Expansion in Latin America: A Historical Analysis of Beachhead Choice, Country Sequence and Regional Knowledge

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018

Research that examines beachhead choice and speed of expansion in the context of a regional entry... more Research that examines beachhead choice and speed of expansion in the context of a regional entry strategy is absent in international business literature. To address this gap, we developed a threepart model of country-by-country expansion and applied it to a uniquely compiled dataset of foreign firms that entered various Latin American countries between 1990 and 2005. We found that a firm's regional speed and performance in Latin America were sensitive to its beachhead choice and its sequential expansion path. The implication is that managers should weigh the regional knowledge a country provides when selecting a beachhead for regional expansion.

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Capitalism, Democratic Capitalism, and the Pursuit of Antitrust Laws

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2013

A major global policy development in the last few decades has been the adoption of national antit... more A major global policy development in the last few decades has been the adoption of national antitrust laws by many developing and transition countries. A primarily American creation, antitrust laws have now spread to nearly all corners of the world. This study undertakes a political economy approach to understanding the global adoption of antitrust laws. We focus on the causal connection between a democratic form of capitalism and antitrust adoption. We argue that the interaction of democracy with a pure form of capitalism results in a political economy characterized as “democratic capitalism.” On the basis of this understanding, we then develop a theoretically grounded conceptual model and offer multiple testable propositions. Our findings show that democratic capitalism, and not capitalism in its pure form, was instrumental in countries adopting national antitrust laws. We attribute this finding to the greater “transactional congruity” that exists between democratic capitalism and...

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Guest Editor's Introduction

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2012

A noticeable aspect of the global political economy in recent decades has been the increasing eco... more A noticeable aspect of the global political economy in recent decades has been the increasing economic integration—or, economic globalization—witnessed among the countries of the world. This integration was facilitated largely by the adoption of economic reforms in erstwhile communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe. Even countries in Asia and Latin America that previously followed a socialist economic model embraced free-market policies that helped this process of global integration. Quite interestingly, within this broader trend of economic globalization, scholars have identified narrower trends in the form of diffusion, and even convergence, of global economic policy. One of the areas that merit closer attention in the context of global policy diffusion is antitrust law, or competition law as it is called outside the United States. There has been a veritable explosion in the global TH E AN T I T R U S T BU L L E T I N: Vol. 57, No. 2/Summer 2012 : 195

Survival of the Fastest: Using Sequential Pattern Analysis to Measure Efficiency of Complex Organizational Processes

2019 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), 2019

Measuring the efficiency of complex and dynamic organizational processes is a problem that remain... more Measuring the efficiency of complex and dynamic organizational processes is a problem that remains unresolved in the management science literature. We propose a novel sequence transverse velocity measurement of the sequential decision processes from the itemset transition speed of frequent subsequences. Specifically, sequential decision chains of different source sequences under comparison are modeled as time-stamped itemset sequences and their frequent subsequences are extracted using sequential pattern discovery algorithm. The subsequence transverse velocity is represented as the inverse ranking of the traversing time duration of a common subsequence among the source sequences that share this subsequence. The proposed velocity measurement is then combined into a velocity timeline accompanying each source sequence by weighting the velocity of the constituent subsequences according to the statistical and contextual significance of the subsequences. To demonstrate the usage of this velocity measurement and its related computational tools, the paper also includes two empirical studies: one based on real-world business expansion chains and the other based on healthcare delivery systems.

Political Characteristics and Competition Law Enactment: A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2011

Existing empirical research on the factors that motivate the enactment of competition laws has la... more Existing empirical research on the factors that motivate the enactment of competition laws has largely focused on economic determinants rather than political ones. This article fills that gap by incorporating a few key political variables into the analysis of the enactment of competition laws across the world. Specifically, the article focuses on three political variables that, for the most part, capture the political characteristics relevant to the enactment of competition laws: the nature of the political system, the rule of law, and the political ideology of the ruling government. The empirical analysis focuses on 183 countries during the period 1990–2008. The results from panel data regressions indicate that the enactment of competition laws is more likely if the political system is more democratic and left-leaning. Surprisingly, countries with weak systems of rule of law are more likely to enact competition laws, leading to questions of application and enforcement.

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Economic Returns from Social and Political Globalization: Does Signaling Help Developing and Transition Countries to Attract Foreign Direct Investment?

I examine whether a developing or transition country’s political and social engagement in the int... more I examine whether a developing or transition country’s political and social engagement in the international system – labeled as a country’s political and social globalization – has a positive influence on its ability to attract foreign direct investments (FDI), and hence, on the amount of FDI that it receives. My research is motivated by insights from signaling theory, which posits that actors provide information about themselves through signals in situations where the underlying quality or nature of such actors is less than perfectly discernible. A high degree of political and social globalization can potentially serve as a positive signal to foreign investors that a country is “invested” in the international system, global society, and in the larger global political economy, thereby lowering the perceived risk of investing in this country. As part of the empirical analysis, I undertake multivariate regressions using panel data on more than 100 developing and transition countries. ...

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Ordoliberalism in European Competition Policy

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2016

Developing Countries, Political Clientilism, and Weymouth’s “Tug of War” Model of Antitrust Reform

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2016

Capitalism, Antitrust, and Democracy

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2016

Capitalism, Democratic Capitalism, and the Pursuit of Antitrust Laws

The Antitrust Bulletin (Vol. 58, No. 4/Winter 2013)

Guest Editor's Introduction (Symposium: Trusting Antitrust: Tracing the Global Embrace of Antitrust Laws)

The Antitrust Bulletin (VOL. 57, NO. 2 &3/SUMMER & FALL 2012)

Political Characteristics and Competition Law Enactment: A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis

The WTO, Competition Policy, and Developing Countries: A Model of Global Governance

This paper examines the nature and character of international economic institutions by focusing o... more

The Conquest of Latin America: A Historical Analysis of MNC Market Success

This paper examines the underlying factors that explain the success and failure of firms that ent... more

Book Review: Nathan M. Jensen, Nation-States and the Multinational Corporation: A Political Economy of Foreign Direct Investment (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton …

Millennium-Journal of International Studies, Jan 1, 2008

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Capitalism, Antitrust, and Democracy: Perfect Partners or Strange Bedfellows?

Social Science Research Network, Jun 15, 2016

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Economic Reforms in Developing and Transition Countries: An Analysis of Post-1990 India and Romania

Social Science Research Network, Feb 1, 2020

Foreign Investments in Emerging Economies: Do Competition Laws Help or Hinder?

Social Science Research Network, Apr 20, 2021

The drivers of successful regional expansion: evidence from multinational corporations in Latin America during 1990–2005

Transnational Corporations Review, 2022

National Security, Personal Insecurity, and Political Conspiracies: The Persistence of Americans' Beliefs in 9/11 Conspiracy Theories

Journal of International Relations, 2017

The Drivers of Successful Regional Expansion in Latin America: A Historical Analysis of Beachhead Choice, Country Sequence and Regional Knowledge

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018

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Capitalism, Democratic Capitalism, and the Pursuit of Antitrust Laws

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2013

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Guest Editor's Introduction

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2012

Survival of the Fastest: Using Sequential Pattern Analysis to Measure Efficiency of Complex Organizational Processes

2019 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), 2019

Political Characteristics and Competition Law Enactment: A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2011

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Economic Returns from Social and Political Globalization: Does Signaling Help Developing and Transition Countries to Attract Foreign Direct Investment?

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Ordoliberalism in European Competition Policy

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2016

Developing Countries, Political Clientilism, and Weymouth’s “Tug of War” Model of Antitrust Reform

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2016

Capitalism, Antitrust, and Democracy

The Antitrust Bulletin, 2016

Capitalism, Democratic Capitalism, and the Pursuit of Antitrust Laws

The Antitrust Bulletin (Vol. 58, No. 4/Winter 2013)

Guest Editor's Introduction (Symposium: Trusting Antitrust: Tracing the Global Embrace of Antitrust Laws)

The Antitrust Bulletin (VOL. 57, NO. 2 &3/SUMMER & FALL 2012)

Political Characteristics and Competition Law Enactment: A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis

The WTO, Competition Policy, and Developing Countries: A Model of Global Governance

This paper examines the nature and character of international economic institutions by focusing o... more

The Conquest of Latin America: A Historical Analysis of MNC Market Success

This paper examines the underlying factors that explain the success and failure of firms that ent... more

Book Review: Nathan M. Jensen, Nation-States and the Multinational Corporation: A Political Economy of Foreign Direct Investment (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton …

Millennium-Journal of International Studies, Jan 1, 2008

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