Burton Cleetus

Jawaharlal Nehru University,New Delhi,India, History, Faculty Member

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Papers by Burton Cleetus

നവീകരിച്ച് നടുവൊടിക്കരുത്- Writeup about Method of higher education | Manorama News | Manorama Online

Malayala Manorama Daily , 2024

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സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം ശ്വസിച്ച കേരളം | 75 Years of Independence | Independence Day

Malayala Manorama daily, 2022

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Beyond Dolls and Handkerchiefs

Routledge eBooks, Sep 24, 2023

New Diseases, Newer Categories: Ayurveda’s Engagement with Epidemics in Travancore

Studies in History, Jul 20, 2023

The advent of Western modernity in India, as a by-product of British colonialism, brought about c... more The advent of Western modernity in India, as a by-product of British colonialism, brought about considerable strain within Indian medical traditions. Indigenous medical traditions which were operating within the broad humoral theory of disease causation came to be subjected to the logic of biomedicine. By the late nineteenth century, as the British in India consolidated their state systems and the princely states modelled their administrative structures in accordance with the British state, there was an increased acceptance of biomedical standards against indigenous medical norms. This was further accentuated by the fear of epidemics, which suggested that diseases spread from person to person and could affect large geographic areas bringing death and suffering in its wake. Disease control and management had, therefore, become a major concern for both the state systems in the British presidencies and in the princely states. The prevalence of contagious diseases offered a challenge to reorganize the public health systems of the states, yet they also provided an opportunity to legitimize state sovereignty over the bodies of its subjects. Diseases that were previously seen as localized and situated within culturally specific locales were now increasingly subjected to the governing mechanisms of the state. This paper examines how the medical bureaucratization of Travancore, in the south-western part of the Indian subcontinent, affected local healthcare traditions in the face of expanding fear of epidemics, ultimately led to the reshaping of indigenous medical systems.

Bhashaposhini

Bhashaposhini, 2023

Jordanus Catalani, a Dominican Monk traveled from the French city of Severac to the east after th... more

Education and Womens Identity: Missionary Initiatives and State Intervention in Early Twentieth Century Kerala

Current Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities

The intervention of missionaries in twentieth-century Kerala offers fascinating insights into the... more The intervention of missionaries in twentieth-century Kerala offers fascinating insights into the intricate relationship between education and the reordering of social norms in late colonial India. Comprising of the former Princely states of Travancore, Cochin, and British Malabar, the region witnessed significant strides in administrative modernization and educational advancements by the early decades of the twentieth century. Several factors including the progressive nature of the princely state and the influence of Marxist ideologies, the role of the christain missionaries and the prevalence of matrilineal practice among caste groups were attributed for the advancements made in education and health. Yet what distinguishes Travancore, was the presence of a strong indigenous Syrian Christian group, whose presence attracted Western Protestant missionaries into Travancore. Missionary intervention extended byond the realm of religion and shaped had an important bearing on education, i...

Health, medicine and trade in the Indian Ocean world

Histories of Health and Materiality in the Indian Ocean World

Health, medicine and trade in the Indian Ocean world

Bloomsbury Academic eBooks, 2023

Letters to the Vaidyan

Bloomsbury Academic eBooks, 2023

Histories of Health and Materiality in the Indian Ocean World

Beyond the clinical gaze. Variers’ experiments with colonial modernity

Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - memSIC, Mar 7, 2008

Book review: Kavita Sivaramakrishnan, As the World Ages: Rethinking a Demographic Crisis

The Indian Economic & Social History Review, 2019

Kavita Sivaramakrishnan, As the World Ages: Rethinking a Demographic Crisis, Delhi: Harvard Unive... more

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Screenshot 2021 11 29 at 5.35.01 PM

April, 2022

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Indigenous traditions and practices in medicine and the impact of colonialism in Kerala, 1900-1950

Book Review: Deepak Kumar and Raj Sekhar Basu, eds, Medical Encounters in British India

Studies in History, 2014

Deepak Kumar and Raj Sekhar Basu, eds, Medical Encounters in British India, OUP, New Delhi, 2013,... more

Tropics of Disease: Epidemics in Colonial India

In the midst of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, governments all over the world... more In the midst of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, governments all over the world have introduced drastic measures aimed at reordering the lives of their citizens. The pandemic has led to some spaces, and people, being marked out as the “morbid other,” manifesting in acts of racism because certain people, and certain spaces are deemed responsible for the origin and spread of the disease. The “locale” in the current crisis is Wuhan, a province in the Republic of China, which suddenly emerged as the epicentre of global morbidity. The concept of “disease” and the fear of its spread has remained central to the concerns of modern states. The emergence of the “state” as a significant entity over the last few centuries was, in fact, possible through the vast collection of information on birth, morbidity and death, and towards the control and regulation of the bodies of its subjects (Lynch 2016). In its 21st century manifestation, though globalisation generated centralising ...

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Western science, indigenous medicine and the princely states

Hereditary Physicians of Kerala: Traditional Medicine and Ayurveda in Modern India, written by Indudharan Menon

Asian Medicine