![\"spfile\"](\"http:\/\/salihdeveci.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/10\/spfile.gif\")
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SPFILE (Server Parameter File):<\/strong> It is a physical file with .ora extension in binary format where the parameters required for configuring the instance are stored when opening Oracle instance. This file is typically located under the $ ORACLE_HOME\/dbs directory and spfile<ORACLE_SID>.ora<\/strong> format. We can say that this file is Oracle Instance configuration file that all parameters are kept for startup of Oracle instance<\/p>\n\n You can also find the location of this file from the database as follows.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n This file is used in the nomount step when starting the database, where the following parameters are read by Oracle Instance. The instance cannot be started without a spfile or pfile file because the controlfile’s address, which is the brain of the database, is contained in this parameter file. Because this file is in binary format, we cannot open it directly, but we can convert it to user-understandable form using strings as follows. To describe the importance of the Spfile, I will list the parameters in this parameter file as follows.<\/p>\n\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n I have specified some of the very important parameters above in\u00a0 bold letters, without reading these parameters Oracle cannot start instance. When the database is first started, we can query the parameters that should and should be very important from the database as follows.<\/p>\n\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n[oracle@MehmetSalih ~]$ sqlplus \/ as sysdba\r\n\r\nSQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Mar 1 14:26:31 2019\r\n\r\nCopyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.\r\n\r\nConnected to:\r\nOracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production\r\n\r\nSQL> show parameter spfile\r\n\r\nNAME TYPE VALUE\r\n------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------\r\nspfile string \/oracle\/product\/12.1.2\/db\/dbs\/\r\n spfileDEVECI.ora\r\nSQL><\/pre>\n
[oracle@MehmetSalih ~]$ strings \/oracle\/product\/12.1.2\/db\/dbs\/spfileDEVECI.ora\r\nDEVECIDB.__data_transfer_cache_size=0\r\nDEVECI.__data_transfer_cache_size=0\r\nDEVECIDB.__db_cache_size=2818572288\r\nDEVECI.__db_cache_size=2332033024\r\nDEVECIDB.__inmemory_ext_roarea=0\r\nDEVECI.__inmemory_ext_roarea=0\r\nDEVECIDB.__inmemory_ext_rwarea=0\r\nDEVECI.__inmemory_ext_rwarea=0\r\nDEVECIDB.__java_pool_size=16777216\r\nDEVECI.__java_pool_size=16777216\r\nDEVECIDB.__large_pool_size=33554432\r\nDEVECI.__large_pool_size=33554432\r\nDEVECIDB.__oracle_base='\/oracle\/product'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment\r\nDEVECI.__oracle_base='\/oracle\/product'#ORACLE_\r\nBASE set from environment\r\nDEVECIDB.__pga_aggregate_target=1191182336\r\nDEVECI.__pga_aggregate_target=1191182336\r\nDEVECIDB.__sga_target=3774873600\r\nDEVECI.__sga_target=3774873600\r\nDEVECIDB.__shared_io_pool_size=201326592\r\nDEVECI.__shared_io_pool_size=201326592\r\nDEVECIDB.__shared_pool_size=687865856\r\nDEVECI.__shared_pool_size=1174405120\r\nDEVECIDB.__streams_pool_size=0\r\nDEVECI.__streams_pool_size=0\r\n*.audit_file_dest='\/oracle\/product\/admin\/DEVECIDB\/adump'\r\n*.audit_trail='db'\r\n*.compatible='12.2.0'\r\n*.control_files='\/u01\/oradata\/DEVECIDB\/control01.ctl','\/oracle\/product\/fast_recovery_area\/DEVECIDB\/control02.ctl'<\/strong>\r\n*.db_block_size=8192<\/strong>\r\n*.db_name='DEVECIDB'<\/strong>\r\n*.db_recovery_file_dest='\/oracle\/product\/fast_recovery_area\/DEVECIDB'\r\n*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10g\r\n*.diagnostic_dest='\/oracle\/product'\r\n*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=DEVECIDBXDB)'\r\n*.local_listener='LISTENER_DEVECIDB'\r\n*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'\r\n*.nls_language='AMERICAN'\r\n*.nls_territory='AMERICA'\r\n*.open_cursors=300\r\n*.pga_aggregate_target=1121m\r\n*.processes=300\r\nemote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'\r\n*.sga_target=3600m\r\n*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'\r\n[oracle@MehmetSalih ~]$<\/pre>\n
SQL> select name from v$parameter where isbasic='TRUE';\r\n\r\nNAME\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\nprocesses\r\nsessions\r\nnls_language\r\nnls_territory\r\nsga_target\r\ncontrol_files\r\ndb_block_size\r\ncompatible\r\nlog_archive_dest_1\r\nlog_archive_dest_2\r\nlog_archive_dest_state_1\r\n\r\nNAME\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\nlog_archive_dest_state_2\r\ncluster_database\r\ndb_create_file_dest\r\ndb_create_online_log_dest_1\r\ndb_create_online_log_dest_2\r\ndb_recovery_file_dest\r\ndb_recovery_file_dest_size\r\nundo_tablespace\r\ninstance_number\r\nldap_directory_sysauth\r\nremote_login_passwordfile\r\n\r\nNAME\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\ndb_domain\r\nshared_servers\r\nremote_listener\r\ndb_name\r\ndb_unique_name\r\nopen_cursors\r\nstar_transformation_enabled\r\npga_aggregate_target<\/pre>\n