Papers by Bimala Rai Paudyal
Agriculture and Human Values
Since the 1990s, Nepal has witnessed a continuous increase in investment to improve accessibility... more Since the 1990s, Nepal has witnessed a continuous increase in investment to improve accessibility of children to quality education. Early Childhood Development (ECD) policy has been introduced to promote academic success and holistic development in young children. Based on the analysis of data obtained from the governmental agencies, this chapter examines ECD policy in Nepal through the "3A2S" framework (Li, Wang, Fong, Int J Chin Educ 3(2):161-170, 2014). The analysis indicates mixed results. The ECD guidelines are clearly defi ned to apply throughout the country, and institutions are established at different levels. To date, more than 35,000 Early Childhood Development Centers (ECDCs) have been established to benefi t more than one million young children annually. However, universal coverage has yet to be achieved. Accessibility and affordability of ECDCs vary across socioeconomic groups. Children living in remote locations and from poor economic conditions often lack accessibility to quality ECDCs, and thus the problem of social justice still needs to be addressed. Accountability measures are scattered and sustainability provisions are less elaborated and poorly enforced. This chapter identifi es geographical and socioeconomic variables that shape the process and outcomes of the ECD policy implementation and highlights areas for improvement to achieve a balance among accessibility, affordability, accountability, sustainability, and social justice of ECD in Nepal.
Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects, 2016
Since the 1990s, Nepal has witnessed a continuous increase in investment to improve accessibility... more Since the 1990s, Nepal has witnessed a continuous increase in investment to improve accessibility of children to quality education. Early Childhood Development (ECD) policy has been introduced to promote academic success and holistic development in young children. Based on the analysis of data obtained from the governmental agencies, this chapter examines ECD policy in Nepal through the “3A2S” framework (Li, Wang, Fong, Int J Chin Educ 3(2):161–170, 2014). The analysis indicates mixed results. The ECD guidelines are clearly defined to apply throughout the country, and institutions are established at different levels. To date, more than 35,000 Early Childhood Development Centers (ECDCs) have been established to benefit more than one million young children annually. However, universal coverage has yet to be achieved. Accessibility and affordability of ECDCs vary across socioeconomic groups. Children living in remote locations and from poor economic conditions often lack accessibility to quality ECDCs, and thus the problem of social justice still needs to be addressed. Accountability measures are scattered and sustainability provisions are less elaborated and poorly enforced. This chapter identifies geographical and socioeconomic variables that shape the process and outcomes of the ECD policy implementation and highlights areas for improvement to achieve a balance among accessibility, affordability, accountability, sustainability, and social justice of ECD in Nepal.
Abstract: Community Forestry has tremendous potential to reduce poverty and promote social inclus... more Abstract: Community Forestry has tremendous potential to reduce poverty and promote social inclusion in rural communities by improving the livelihoods of the poor and excluded, in particular the livelihoods of women, dalits and disadvantaged ethnic groups. However, there exists a large gap between the potential of the programme and its achievements in reality. Addressing this gap demands strategic interventions, including a careful analysis of barriers to inclusion and the promotion of pro-poor and socially inclusive programmes and monitoring. The paper argues that Community Forestry would better contribute to poverty reduction and social inclusion if support to user groups were focused on at least three specific (and interrelated) domains of changes. These can be identified as: increasing the access of the poor and excluded to livelihood assets; strengthening the organisation, voice and agency of the poor and excluded; and advocating for the development and enforcement of pro-poor ...
xxi The influence of gender relations is more visible in a community with less economic different... more xxi The influence of gender relations is more visible in a community with less economic differentiation. Macro-level structures and processes by which policies are developed and implemented also reflect the same local-level realities of exclusion, exploitation and unequal power relations that favour some class, caste and/or gender. The study thus raises questions about the usefulness of highlighting the role of ‘communities’ for equitable distributive outcomes when wider macroeconomic and political factors do not encourage a transformation of unequal power relations in the communities.
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Education: Rates of school attendance highonly 5% boy, 12% girls never attend school; but 16% boy... more Education: Rates of school attendance highonly 5% boy, 12% girls never attend school; but 16% boys, 22% girls drop out before completing school education, mostly due to economic reasons and marriage respectively! • Absenteeism: nearly 20% of total population; 45% of absentee are youths! • Early marriage: Still an issue (nearly 50% of married population marred between 15-19 years): child and early marriage high among girlsserious social and health Implications; risk of maternal death and disability; limits opportunities for education, training and livelihood development)! ! Key challenges faced by adolescent and youths globally-Poverty, social inequality, unemployment, inadequate health system, poor schooling, lack of livelihoods security! Nepal is not an exception!
Journal of Forest and Livelihood, 2009
Community Forestry has tremendous potential to reduce poverty and promote social inclusion in rur... more Community Forestry has tremendous potential to reduce poverty and promote social inclusion in rural communities by improving the livelihoods of the poor and excluded, in particular the livelihoods of women, dalits and disadvantaged ethnic groups. However, there exists a large gap between the potential of the programme and its achievements in reality. Addressing this gap demands strategic interventions, including a careful analysis of barriers to inclusion and the promotion of pro-poor and socially inclusive programmes and monitoring. The paper argues that Community Forestry would better contribute to poverty reduction and social inclusion if support to user groups were focused on at least three specific (and interrelated) domains of changes. These can be identified as: increasing the access of the poor and excluded to livelihood assets; strengthening the organisation, voice and agency of the poor and excluded; and advocating for the development and enforcement of pro-poor and socially inclusive policies and institutions.
Journal of Forest and …, 2009
... Nepal Editors Ram B. Chhetri Harisharan Luintel Editorial Support Nirmala SannyashiAmrit Adhi... more ... Nepal Editors Ram B. Chhetri Harisharan Luintel Editorial Support Nirmala SannyashiAmrit Adhikari Shova Prasain Anil Shrestha (Language) Photo Jeni Thapa ... 1950s. (Pokharel and Amatya 2000, Bampton and Cammaert 2006). ...
This dissertation is part of the research programme of CERES, Research School for Resource Studie... more This dissertation is part of the research programme of CERES, Research School for Resource Studies for Development.
Conference Presentations by Bimala Rai Paudyal
Nepal's women work at much higher levels than women in some of the other South Asian countries. A... more Nepal's women work at much higher levels than women in some of the other South Asian countries. Agriculture sector is the main employer for majority of Nepalese women but more than three-quarters (76 percent) of women engaged in this sector are still unpaid. This remains as one of the major disincentives for women to still engage in agriculture. Meanwhile, the world of work, including in agriculture, is changing rapidly. Climate change, globalization, migration and technological advances for example, bring tremendous opportunities as well as challenges with significant implications on gender roles and women's life. Against this backdrop, what incentives exist for women in Nepal to still engage in Agriculture? What are the implications of changing world of work of women? What opportunities exist and where are the challenges that needs to be addressed in order to secure agriculture development in Nepal?
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Papers by Bimala Rai Paudyal
Conference Presentations by Bimala Rai Paudyal