Skip to main content

Faruk Hadžić

Independent Scholar, Independent researcher, Alumnus

Followers

111

Following

84

Co-authors

2

Public Views

Profiles : ▶ ResearchGate ▶ ORCID iD ▶ Google Scholar

➦ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Faruk_Hadzic2
➦ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-7858
➦ https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BT055jYAAAAJ&hl=en

less

Hanze University of Applied Sciences

Dominique R . Batiste

University of San Diego

Ibrahim Al-Marashi

California State University, San Marcos

University of Haifa

Cochin University of Science and Technology

Omosefe Oyekanmi

Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research

REINE CHRISTELLE KOMEL NEATOBEYE

Dursun Yıldız

InterestsView All (46)

Uploads

Papers by Faruk Hadžić

The Impact of Climate Change on Human Security: Wars and Terrorism

Panoply Journal, The Center for International Relations and International Security (CIRIS), 2024

The critical security studies should be not to establish "objective truth" but to enable a broade... more The critical security studies should be not to establish "objective truth" but to enable a broader understanding of security based on respect for specific theoretical and political starting points in its conceptualization. Issues of environmental security and environmental protection are issues of overall security because they directly cause: open conflicts, have the potential to destabilize the regime, can lead to the displacement of the population, and the disintegration of the states. Regarding the geopolitical consequences of climate change, climate change consequences, such as global warming, rising sea levels, droughts, melting glaciers, and many others, significantly impact the world geopolitics. The level of conflict between states depends on how strong the ties and common interests of the entire region, states and globally. Some states depend on what the atmosphere will be like in their environment. If they are stable andeconomically prosperous, so will they affect neighboring countries. When climate change has reduced living resources, the economic framework played a much more critical role than religion in joining terrorist organizations. There is a need for research initiatives on how modern technologies, on the one hand, and the involvement of the younger generations and minorities on the other, can be used and increased as ways to strengthen communities' resilience to disasters and ensure an effective, comprehensive, and sustainable approach. Quality governance and leadership in the field of climate change is crucial for environmental safety.

Keywords: critical security studies, climate change, environmental security, human security, conflicts, wars, terrorism

GLOBAL EXAMINATION OF ANTI-PLURALISM IMPACTS ON MINORITY RIGHTS AND PLURAL CIVIC SPACE; THE CONSEQUENCES OF POPULIST DEMOCRACIES

INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION AND SCIENCE: informational, economic, educational, legal, psychological, technical and managerial aspects, 2024

The study examines civic pluralism complexities in current global liberal democracies, including ... more The study examines civic pluralism complexities in current global liberal democracies, including populism processes and relations to anti-pluralism sociopolitical and legal practices. It further problematizes the minority rights and paradigmatic framework: “The rule of law equalizes the rule of the majority.” The hypotheses are as follows: The threat to democracy comes from the sphere of the legitimacy of the democratic choice of a populist leader, based on demagoguery and democratic electoral legitimacy; According to the concept of growing populists, minority political will and minority rights are not protected by universal rules; Populism fabrication reduces civic pluralism and plural civic space; Liberalism abuse rests on the threat to the survival of shared collectivism by the disregard for the minority-oriented part of the community; Refusing pluralism implies an authoritarian temptation. Some populism theories do not imply a non-partisan ethical and moral assessment. Far-right demagoguery and fascist politics designate theories of uncertainty and extreme. Anti-pluralism is a vital feature of populism, advocating the people's “authentic” will. Both liberal and egalitarian democracies are rejected. Liberal radicalism is rarely achievable without populism. Populism is the antagonist of pluralism, civic plural space, and genuine democratic values. It imposes democratic principles that are not liberal, not democratic, by cherishing particular identities while obscuring the individual rights of minorities. As a result, the traditional collateral democratic functioning has become a matrix. Hence, a shaped mass has replaced the unrealized assumption of liberal democracy that its subjects are independent and conscious citizens. Within the common good, politics must have two dimensions - problem-solving and the struggle for maintenance between non-discriminatory coercion - not only in terms of religious or ethnic minorities but also migrations and globalization. Compromise is the value to be compensated for support and agreement. A truly “modernist” civic order should have minimal support and serious moral capital as a good foundation for supporting progress. By justifying “the rule of law equalizing the majority's rule,” populists create a “homogeneous people” whose notion they tend to represent. Keywords: civic pluralism, anti-pluralism, liberal democracy, populism, authoritarianism, minority rights, the rule of law, the rule of the majority, liberal democracy.

Climate Justice or Climate Injustice on the Planet Earth: Social, Geopolitical, Legal, Security, Visual, and Moral Dimensions

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2024

This study presents a comprehensive and insightful exploration of climate justice and climate inj... more This study presents a comprehensive and insightful exploration of climate justice and climate injustice and their social, geopolitical, legal, security, visual and moral dimensions. It contributes perspectives on the global climate crisis and its implications. The paper adds insight into global climate and environmental processes, concepts of climate justice and injustice, environmental and human security, climate visuals, and legal and moral approaches to the observed topics. The study explores contemporary academic scientific literature's methodological trends and critical themes. Besides a meta-analysis, content analysis, thematic analysis, a descriptive method, and an in-depth literature review of various scientific and expert-based data forms, the study incorporated the representation and analysis of visual expressions of climate change consequences and injustice. It also included human-centric aspects and perceptions of youth climate activists. Accordingly, the paper analyzes the essence and goals of climate justice, the consequences of climate injustice, and the positions of wealthy and poorer countries - mainly and severely affected by climate change, and offers normative solutions. Climate injustice processes and occurrences generate social injustice, inequalities, inequities, and exclusions while jeopardizing critical human security.
Keywords: Climate justice; climate injustice; ecological crisis; environmental and human security; climate change policies; climate change and law; geopolitics of climate change; climate visuals, wealthy countries; poor countries; social justice; morality and climate ethics.

Perspectives of the Strategic Alliance of Science and Theology and Non-Violent Resistance to Global Challenges, Antagonism, and Human (In)Security

Strategic Public Management Journal , 2023

This study aims to analyze a synergy between Science and Religion within philosophical, socio-pol... more This study aims to analyze a synergy between Science and Religion within philosophical, socio-political, and human security approaches as the solution to the longing for a peaceful, secure, and just world. It indicates the perspectives of harmony and alliance of Religion and Science and examines the theoretical concepts of non-violent resistance related to numerous global challenges. The starting point of this paper is that Science and Religion, alongside social and political dynamics, have massive effects on global challenges such as conflicts (national, geopolitical, ideological, or religious), environmental matters, globalization and migrations, growing radicalism, nationalism, human security, or influence social justice. Historically, the relationship between Science and Religion has recently ranged from conflict to hostility. The normative action of mutual understanding and the interaction and cooperation between Science and Religion depends primarily on the participants (non-politized theologians and scientists) in constructive dialogue, particularly regarding global issues. Conflicting narratives between Science and Religion are opportunities for joint learning and contribution to a better world and a compassionate culture. Therefore, the leading ideas of the discourse across borders are the promotion of synergy between sciences and religions and cooperation between nations in promoting a compassionate society – an empathetic civilization. Non-violent dissent to global challenges should be involved in changing the power imbalance as a source of structural violence. Nevertheless, liberation must focus on social justice, sociopolitical stability, and critical human security. In facing global challenges, Science and Religion must have diplomatic value by promoting mutual understanding and using a common language through collaboration. Religious traditions and Science, strengthened by global non-religious spiritualism as the valuable means of general spiritual growth, should assert a culture of peace and dialogue for transnational challenges. However, material science and theology are not explicitly formative to growing radical nationalism, racism, conflicts, hegemonism, destruction of the Earth, and socioeconomic inequality. The healthy strategic union between Science and Religion enforced by ethical and constructive politics can support and enhance the resolution of global issues and antagonistic practices. Such a normative-formative framework should ensure that knowledge is developed to advance human, social, economic, and environmental goals according to the moral principles of each Religion.
Keywords: Antagonism, Global challenges, Human security, Non-violence, Peace & Stability, Science & Religion, Social justice, Strategic alliance.

VISUALIZATION INSTRUMENTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE COMMUNICATION, AND HUMAN SECURITY, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON AFRICA, SOUTH ASIA, THE CARIBBEAN, AND THE PACIFIC ISLANDS

Chapter 1, INNOVATIONS IN THE EDUCATION OF THE FUTURE: INTEGRATION OF HUMANITIES, TECHNICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES, International collective monograph, Prague , 2023

Extended Abstract: This study seeks to contribute to evidence-based approaches in responding to t... more Extended Abstract: This study seeks to contribute to evidence-based approaches in responding to the climate change crisis and climate policies, focusing on the role of visualization instruments of climate change, climate communication, and the human security framework. The regions of interest are Africa, South Asia, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Islands. Climate change is a global factor in current and future security issues that has yet to penetrate broader security or resilience discourse, particularly in these fragile regions. International cooperation around disaster response and risk reduction is critical. However, adaptation and resilience planning must be active across these most fragile trans-continental regions. It could provide a sound basis for a thorough cross-continental and multilayered understanding of the future threat to improve government will and support risk management planning. The solution lies in climate-resilient development and social and political awareness to adapt to climate change and effectively tackle climate transition. It involves integrating measures to adapt to climate change with actions to reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions in ways that provide more comprehensive benefits. Demanding to fight against misconceptions and denial of the climate crisis and environmental fragility is essential because global warming will be consistent globally in these observed fragile Regions and the Global North. That is why visualization instruments (cartography, maps, satellite images, photographs, interactive atlases, and video sequences) can be invaluable for climate change and all misunderstandings within action research and collective activism. It is crucial to provide access to a broad audience, both to knowledge and through interactive participation, through zooming the data itself. However, capturing complexity for a specialized audience, scientists and experts, and keeping simplicity for a global audience takes work. Visual Climate impacts are emotionally powerful, and when adequately presented and elaborated, they become effective ways of communicating to an audience. Cartographic visualizations of different features of climate change and the power of climate photography and its narratives are significant for public perception. Satellite images and their models can display how regions will look if global warming and rising sea levels continue. Computer simulations can demonstrate circumstances and future scenarios; numerous areas could lose their centers, and flooding would occur in many populated areas. It would affect the displacement of people, migrations, food security, and crime level and jeopardize human safety. Specular attention should be devoted to using various visual instruments and images to show the increasing fragility caused by the climate crisis. Climate change narratives through images are a vital part of climate change communication, but while there is a decent amount of research, the "power of images" needs to be studied more. Climate change and environmental security can be studied, predicted, and captured using photography. Increasingly, photography can help research the causes and effects of climate change. Likewise, various climate-engaged photographers can assist science in tackling climate change with solutions regarding climate resilience. Climate change visualization and communication are critical and should be examined and comprehended more profoundly. In the near and distant future, the multidisciplinary and trans-disciplinary association between entirely different fields of science will bring more epistemological familiarity that will prevent complex challenges in the future. The effort that invests in mitigating climate change must be more remarkable, especially the general social and psychological awareness of citizens. The reason is that, in addition to the consequences on the economy, society, and the environment, other inevitable consequences of climate change will appear (floods, droughts, heat waves, changes in the amount of rainfall, lack of natural resources, loss of biodiversity, migrations, wars and conflicts, terrorism, etc.). Climate change will even more negatively and strongly affect Africa, the Caribbean, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands, starting with potentially more harmful impacts on human health and already terrible conditions (especially for those who work in an increasingly hot environment), even greater migrations, and other related disorders. As with mitigation, crucial is action- research satisfactory politics. The new focus must be on the technological, social, psychological, and cultural aspects to ensure adequate climate change programs, commissions, governments, and various international expert institutions dealing with the adjustment. During the approaching "climate change transition," in a socio-political sense, it is essential that everyone is more actively involved in the policy-making process. The key is to ensure an appropriate geopolitical and financial focus, a Global South/Global North honest association, and a transformation of the Global North policies during the transition. It aims to assist the fragile regions of Africa, the Caribbean, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Climate change action, environmental security, and human security are critical, especially regarding observed regions and sectors that will be most affected - countries with fragile human security. We need technology, scientific, and educational focus to fight climate change. However, this is not only a technological and scientific issue but a social problem. Along with the social aspect, there is the problem of inequality, i.e., social justice - climate justice. Those who contributed the most to the climate crisis contribute the least to its solution. The government, practitioners, and policymakers must better understand human security's value and have a better climate security approach in addressing climate challenges in these regions. The climate policies should integrate and acknowledge the importance of visualizing instruments and climate communication into the resiliency approach. It must also include other workstreams related to environmental and human security. Climate change is a complex challenge that policymakers and practitioners must clearly understand and contextualize in the observed regions to help address the everyday challenges communities across these countries face. Keywords: Climate Change, Visualizing Instruments, Climate Communication, South Asia, Caribbean, Africa, Pacific Islands, Climate Visuals, Climate Security, Human Security.

Cultural Genocide: From North American and Australian Indigenous Peoples to More Recent Cases of Myanmar's Rohingyas, China's Uighurs, and Others

2th International Symposium on Social Sciences organized by Shymkent University and Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Research (EJSER), November 25-27, 2023

This working paper explores the character and form of cultural Genocide, assessing conditions and... more This working paper explores the character and form of cultural Genocide, assessing conditions and statuses and examining social and political theories and international law from a global perspective. The author problematizes the difference between Genocide and the concept of cultural Genocide. It does so through analysis of several cases of cultural Genocide from historical to recent perspectives. Consequently, instances and the concepts of Genocide and cultural Genocide differ. The examination concentrates on crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing, religious persecution, and gender matters. The study argues that cultural Genocide has particular importance for indigenous peoples and other minorities and comprehensively affects sustainable peace, human rights, and the future of human security scholarship. By examining cases of transformation (i.e., destruction) of Indigenous cultures through a history of forced assimilation (e.g., education, language, culture) in the USA, Canada, and Australia from the 19th century to the present day, chronologically, I argue that it does not represent cultural change but cultural Genocide. Correspondingly, as a result of colonization and the subsequent rise of antagonism against Indigenous people, native civilizations experienced multi-layered racial forms of cultural Genocide. Recent approaches to the law on indigenous peoples completed - only four countries voted against the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Revitalizing Indigenous cultures through immersion in various programs is critical. One can find many comparable sociopolitical and legal practices of cultural Genocide on ethnic and religious grounds between Myanmar and China. It is part of the destruction of the group in terms of the destruction of the spirit, will, and life itself (members of the ethnic group). Both states persecuted ethnic minorities, Rohingyas and Uighurs, who did not conform to their nation-state objectives. Both vehemently rejected the international allegations while deploying similar methods and forms of penalty. Both regimes label such cultural genocidal campaigns as internal security affairs (i.e., securitization) and reject international public criticism. Both countries have justified their actions by claiming that ethnic minorities are extremists. Securitization of the questions of Rohingyas and Uighurs represents the legitimization of human rights violations. Frequently, such conditions and characters of cultural Genocide involve social, cultural, and political indoctrination as well as gender offenses, bigotry, and adverse policies for orphans. Uighur women have been subject to forced sterilization and coerced marriages to Chinese males. Almost half a million children have been placed in orphanages.

Keywords: Cultural Genocide, Genocide, International law, Social theory, North America and Australia, Indigenous People, Myanmar Rohingyas, China Uighurs

GOVERNING THE INTERNATIONAL WARS; THEORY, LEGISLATION, HUMAN RIGHTS, CRITICAL HUMAN SECURITY, AND ETHICS

Equinox Journal of Economics, Business and Political Studies, 2023

The study indicates wartime "programmed" violence's implications within the liberal interpretatio... more The study indicates wartime "programmed" violence's implications within the liberal interpretation of contemporary legislative and human rights debates. It discusses related war theories and practices, the problematizing instrumentalization of instilling new global ethics, arguing that humanitarian interventions often became "usable" in the new millennium's geopolitics; wars fatally affect the innocent. It points out that the origins of democracy are structurally violent and that the threat of terrorism, in addition to revealing new forms of "democratic violence," is having a transformative effect on the very character of democracy. How does the concept of cause agree with armed humanitarian intervention, and do we have the right to impose democracy by force? Whether the theory of just war in its positivist-legalist paradigm that combines universalist principles with utilitarian harm-weighing versus profit can offer a comprehensive method of morally contemplating wars and conflicts worldwide. The distinction between liberal cosmopolitan arguments and social democratic ones is apparent. The arbitrariness and the imposition of individual states' views create issues, leading to fragility (human security, socioeconomics, economic development, health). The compulsory international focus and responsibility should incorporate critical medical (children)-"the right to health" and humanitarian goods. Implementing rules to control war's destructiveness is less effective in intercultural conflicts. The doctrine of "just war" application is questionable, and no new victim should suffer even when the goal of the intervention is entirely legitimate and "humane." It cannot be just that it will exempt intervention forces from applying international humanitarian law, nor does the legitimacy of the intervention exempt them from respect for international humanitarian law. The international law concept has evolved from an instrument of promoting peace to an agent of the violent argument of force realization. Ethics is often imposed as politics; human rights ethics transformed into war ethics, leading to human rights violations and civilian casualties. War justice and the moral paradigm within globalization's contemporary forms are questioned. A broader discussion of the assumptions of the universality of Western values that have driven international law for centuries is required. Keywords: War Governing, War legislation, Liberalism, Ethics, Violence, Civilians, Humanitarian intervention, Human rights, Human security

LATIN AMERICA, THE MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA, AND EUROPE: PRESENT INCLUSIONARY AND EXCLUSIONARY FORMS OF RIGHTIST AND LEFTIST POPULISM

European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (EJMS), 2024

The study examines current left-wing and right-wing political behaviour and inclusionary and excl... more The study examines current left-wing and right-wing political behaviour and inclusionary and exclusionary practices in MENA, Latin America, and Europe and its outcomes on political developments and changes in comparative method. This study investigates the evolution and transition of contemporary rightism and leftism in these dissimilar Regions and the diverse degrees of inclusionary and inclusionary populism features of the political parties. First, it questions political conditions, behavioralism, and transitions of populism. Second, in which forms of inclusions and exclusions populism arrive on the political scene. Thus, the focus is on the latest decade from the cross-continental and cross-regional perspective. Although there is scholarly debate about contemporary populism in the European Continent (in general) and, lately, some in Latin America and MENA (Middle East and North Africa), cross-continental and regional research is lacking.

Keywords: Latin America, Left-wing Populism, Right-wing Populism, Inclusions, Exclusions, Political Behaviour, Europe, MENA

Power of Global North vs. Global South; Environmental and Climate Change Policies of Inclusion, Inequalities, and Fragility

Journal, Humanities Today: Proceedings (HTPR), 2024

Extended Abstract: The paper investigates global climate processes, i.e., policies and equity con... more Extended Abstract: The paper investigates global climate processes, i.e., policies and equity concerns between postindustrial countries in the Global North and emerging economies in the Global South. The author argues that to reduce inequalities and the environmental fragility of the Global South and increase Climate Justice, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the costs of mitigating and adapting to climate change should be shared via more crucial policies. Moreover, the effectiveness of the principle of equalities and equities in global efforts to combat climate change will help determine climate justice within the scope and ambition of these efforts. Events and research data have clarified that no country can escape the global ecological crisis and climate change impacts. The Global North, the world's most affluent and privileged country, is responsible for around half of all emissions since the Industrial Revolution. The least developed countries, "Global South," have contributed far less to global warming. It also implies that least developed countries have had a less equal share in the direct benefits of fossil fuel use, including energy consumption. The data indicates that the poorest countries of the world, while registering the lowest industrial pollution levels, are most susceptible to the damage produced by climate change. Moreover, the initial inequities and inequalities experienced by countries of the Global South put them at a disadvantage, where they are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts. Consequently, climate change widens existing global inequalities, undermining efforts for poverty reduction. Research estimates that the ecological crisis might drive up to 135 million people into poverty by 2030. Globally and nationally, climate change further deepens within-country inequalities by adversely affecting the poorest communities, including Indigenous and People of Colour communities, women, and children. Geopolitically, policies-wise- there is an urgent and critical need for more active inclusion of Global South actors. Rather than suffering the most from climate change, communities at the fore should be at the center of the world's fight against global warming and should be given way more space to raise their voices. The key is to ensure an appropriate geopolitical and financial focus, even budget resources through the Green Climate Fund (CCF), a Global South/North honest association, and a transformation of the Global North policies during the transition - aiming to assist the Global South and prevent the risk of violating international law and territorial and social rules. Thus, especially regarding Global South - regions and countries that will be most affected - areas with fragile general security and critical human insecurity. Keywords: Climate change, Environmental security, Climate change Policies, Global North, Global North, Global South, Inequities, Vulnerabilities, Inclusion

CONTEMPORARY LEFT-WING POPULISM AND RIGHT-WING POPULISM, AND INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS: FROM EUROPE, LATIN AMERICA, TO THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

Book Chapter in: "Populism Reloaded?", Edition: ISBN - 9781915312082, Revistia Publishing and Research, London, UK, 2023

From a comparative perspective, the study examines current left-wing and right-wing political beh... more From a comparative perspective, the study examines current left-wing and right-wing political behavior and inclusionary and exclusionary practices in MENA (Middle East and North Africa), Latin America, and Europe and their effects on political developments and changes. This study investigates the evolution and transition of contemporary rightism and leftism in these dissimilar Regions and the diverse degrees of inclusionary and inclusionary populism features of the political parties. First, it questions political conditions, behavioralism, and transitions of populism. Second, it questions forms of inclusions and exclusions: does populism arrive on the political scene? The focus is on the latest decade from the cross-continental and cross-regional perspective. Although there is scholarly debate about contemporary populism (and corporatism) in the European Continent (in general) and, lately, some in Latin America and MENA, cross-continental and regional research is lacking. Various research suggests that populism differs. Some are tasks of regeneration or democratization; others are movements that would weaken democracy by promoting the rebirth of nationalism and politics of exclusion (fascism, xenophobia, racism, radical nationalism). Thus, the former is left-wing populism, while the latter is right-wing populism. The facts are the rise of exclusionary radical populism in Europe and inclusionary populism in Latin America. Regardless, some exceptions exist, including inclusionary radical left populism - e.g., Greece, or exclusionary left-wing populism - e.g., B&H, social-democratic by name and by position center and simultaneously left-wing and right-wing). In MENA, populism varies between right-wing and left-wing, with a category of security populism in Israel and Islamic Populism in much of the Islamic world. Populism processes in MENA, a region within (semi) democratic or authoritarian regimes, between parliamentary or presidential systems and enforced by external geopolitical agents and aspirations, are broader and part of a complex global geopolitical context. The politics in the postcolonialism conditions (Latin America) more often contain populism. It sees populism as a contemporary and collective political response to the global crisis of nation-state approaches due to globalization and the stronghold of capitalism. The world is becoming increasingly characterized by populism, inclusionary or exclusionary. Common sense voting behavior worldwide is under populistic invasion, left and right-wing. The motivating force and practice of the populists are the (self-proclaimed) protection of (ethnic) national identities, socio-cultural values, or religion. Populist often builds their programs on the suppression and denial of analytical facts and various exclusions (more nominal inclusions) by resurrecting the socio-political concepts and ideals of outdated nationwide sovereignty. Keywords: MENA, Latin America, Europe, Populism, Left-wing, Right-wing, Inclusions, Exclusions, Political Behaviour

GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL CRISIS AND CLIMATE CHANGE INEQUITIES, DISADVANTAGES, AND VULNERABILITIES; GLOBAL NORTH GEOPOLITICAL DOMINANCE AND CRITICAL INCLUSION OF GLOBAL SOUTH

BOOK OF PROCEEDINGS: 34th International Multidisciplinary Conference "Recent Studies and Research", ISBN 978-1-915312-09-9, The University of Adelaide, Australia, 2023

Extended Abstract : Events and research data have clarified that no country can escape the global... more Extended Abstract : Events and research data have clarified that no country can escape the global ecological crisis and climate change impacts. The Global North, the world's most affluent and privileged country, is responsible for around half of all emissions since the Industrial Revolution. The least developed countries, "Global South," have contributed far less to global warming. It also implies that least developed countries have had a less equal share in the direct benefits of fossil fuel use, including energy consumption. The data indicates that the poorest countries of the world, while registering the lowest industrial pollution levels, are most susceptible to the damage produced by climate change. Moreover, the initial inequities and inequalities experienced by countries of the Global South put them at a disadvantage, where they are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts. Consequently, climate change widens existing global inequalities, undermining efforts for poverty reduction. A report from the World Bank estimates that the ecological crisis might drive up to 135 million people into poverty by 2030. Globally and nationally, climate change further deepens within-country inequalities by adversely affecting the poorest communities, including Indigenous and People of Colour communities, women, and children. These most vulnerable groups face the effects of global warming daily. At the same time, vulnerable groups are often the ones who are actively involved in the protection and conservation of natural habitats, as in the case of indigenous environmental defenders. GEopolitically, policies-wise- there is an urgent and critical need for more active inclusion of Global South actors. Rather than suffering the most from climate change, communities at the fore should be at the center of the world's fight against global warming and should be given way more space to raise their voices. Thus, to reduce global inequities, inequalities, and vulnerabilities, Global South actors and their voices need to be actively included in the decision-making of global action and partnerships, especially on climate-related issues. As with mitigation, crucial is action- research, satisfactory geopolitical approaches, and focus on the technological, social, psychological, and cultural aspects. The aim should be to get satisfactory climate change programs, commissions, governments, and various international expertise institutions dealing with the adjustment. During the approaching "climate change transition," in a socio-political sense, it is essential that everyone is more actively involved in the policy-making process. The key is to ensure an appropriate geopolitical and financial focus, even budget resources through the Green Climate Fund (CCF), a Global South/North honest association, and a transformation of the Global North policies during the transition - aiming to assist the Global South and prevent the risk of violating international law and territorial and social rules. Thus, especially regarding Global South - regions and countries that will be most affected - areas with fragile general security and critical human insecurity. Keywords: Climate change, Environmental security, Climate Change policies, Global North, Global North, Global South, Inequities, Vulnerabilities, Inclusion

Antagonistic Clericalization and Ethnicization of Sociopolitical Consciousness in the Balkans and the post-Wars Religious Education

Journal, Political Economy and Management of Education, 2023

No considerable research focused on ethnopolitical behavior in Western Balkans related to observe... more No considerable research focused on ethnopolitical behavior in Western Balkans related to observed phenomena. Thus, issues regarding the sociopolitical and educational processes of clerical-ethnonational exist. Furthermore, its social and psychological dimensions and peace stalemate are crucial points. Therefore, the paper will highlight several critical categorical concepts (ethnonationalism, clerical domination, segregation, education, conflict, and peace dynamics). Finally, by suggesting individualism over collectivism, the study points to ethical, sociopolitical, and psychological awareness as a totality of relations between autonomous citizens. I argue that clericalization and ethnicization are adopted by ethnonational political behavior, empowered by the Balkan connection to religious identities. Political behavior and clerical and ethnic ideologies strengthen support for religious antagonism, fascism, and historical revisionism, "dividing" peoples into ethnoreligious homogenous territories and adversely shaping new generations. Post-socialist Balkan societies are intensely marked by religion, specifically external manifest, associating religious identities and Clergy with political preferences. This entanglement is the groundwork of long-lasting despondency; religions are reduced principally to ethnicity-nation and subsequent power. All-binding inclusive ethnicization in Bosnia and Herzegovina-B&H infiltrates religious dimensions, including material and non-material cultures. The clerical education consequence points to the religious State of anti-secular internal disintegration of the genuine faith. Invoking man's ethnic-clerical consciousness entails unsatisfactory results due to Balkan's historical prevailing violence than would be obtained by the statutory prohibition of religious education. The B&H ethnoreligious-educational segregation reproduces ethnopolitical ideologists, preventing the next generation's socio-moral development and simulating the ethnoreligious hybrid conflicts. Nations cannot be clerical-political apparatus morally. The dominance and exclusivity of collectivist logics of ethnically and confessionally complex societies oppose the spirit of necessary susceptibility for tolerance. Ethically, sociopolitically, and psychologically, one must gain society's self-awareness as a totality of relations between autonomous and equal individuals-citizens to generate clerical and ethnicization immunity.
Keywords: Clericalization & Ethnicization, Balkans & former Yugoslavia, Social consciousness, Religious education, Peace & Conflict

Violent and Unethical Non-Violent Abuse of Faith and Ethnoreligious Sentiments in Southeast Europe: Religious Peace-Building?

International Journal of Social Inquiry, 2023

The article presents a theoretical and conceptual examination of religious violent and unethical ... more The article presents a theoretical and conceptual examination of religious violent and unethical non-violent behaviors, ethnopolitical and clerical synergism, and religious peace-building capacity. I argue that the phenomenon of religious/ethnic violent and non-violent interchangeability adopted by national political unethical behavior has adverse consequences on the post-Yugoslav social behavior and reconciliation process; religions should be a moral peace-building agency. The multiethnic/multireligious socialist Yugoslav society has been violently transformed into influential ethical and clerical cultures, producing antagonistic ethnonational societies sustaining pastoralism as potent identity manifestations of the social capital. War-period visual violence and emotions influenced violent behavior and policy within the discourse "our vs. their sacred ethnic land," creating an unbearable ease of creating fear and motivating violent antagonism and war crimes. The post-war antagonistic media rhetoric, visual antagonism, and abuse of faith adversely impact peaceful coexistence. Ethnic, religious, ideological, and political contextual factors are challenging to generate in post-conflict, divided Balkan societies. Fear of others, religiously distinct, is a category that's difficult to determine and prevent. Western-Balkan societies possess victimological and political mythical conventions, honoring ethnoreligious war victories, defeats, and agonies, maintaining hostility and revenge discourse. Historically, religions were misused to justify violence and maintain non-violence, unethical sociopolitical order, and negative peace. The ideologies of religious superiority intertwine with intensely dominant national perceptions, so belonging to the Serb, Croat, or Bosniak people is equated with Orthodoxy, Catholicism, or Islam. This entanglement is the groundwork for despondency and a hostile peace climate. Current clerical and ethnopolitical policies lead further away from conflict transformation, directing toward the renewal of monotheistic spirituality, cognition, and violence. Political involvement affects "authentic" religion. We should engage in all-inclusive theological and consensus approaches to demonstrate that religions are peace-building agencies, retrieving and revitalizing authentic morality criteria. Religious sentiments mobilize people more rapidly than other identities. Keywords: clerical & ethnic, Western Balkans & former Yugoslavia, violence & non-violence, social capital, ethnonational leaders, peace and conflict, ethics, visual politics.

Visual Politics, Emotions, and Ukrainian Collective Power; Us Ukrainians (Attacked) vs. Them Russians (Aggressors)

Conference Paper: «The Rule of Law: Doctrine and Practice in the Conditions of Modern World Challenges» Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, 2023

The Extended Abstract: Vision is always a question of the power to see and perhaps of the viole... more The Extended Abstract: Vision is always a question of the power to see and perhaps of the violence implicit in our visualizing practices. From wars to terrorist attacks to revolutions, our perceptions of significant world events are strongly influenced by the images we see from the ground. We live in a visual era. Television, film, documentaries, photographs, traditional and contemporary media, and arts decisively influence how we perceive and how we cope and deal with political phenomena as diverse as war, terrorism, refugee crisis, election campaigns, or financial crises. First, however, we must learn more about this visual power's exact nature and impact. Global crises' interpretative struggles are increasingly reflected in traditional media, web portals, and social media networks. The history of world politics is marked by the universal and the particular, the inside and the outside, the balance of power, and the symmetry and actuality of chaos. If these metaphors are the basis for how we understand world politics today, then they also shape how we remember past events in world politics and anticipate its future. Conflicts, wars, and all parties involved are typically portrayed with visuals, such as media photos, web portals, photo web platforms, or computer-crafted images. While photos give an image of the reality on the ground, they present only a selection. They can be expressly created to depict a specific understanding of an issue. In the Russian - Ukrainian war, or explicitly Russian aggression on Ukraine, traditional and social media have flooded the public and political space with images of the war and its major conflict parties, Russia and Ukraine, and international actors - Eastern versus Western bloc. Visual representations within visual politics often transport many emotions, influencing identity politics and, in this case, Ukraine - Russia warfare - collective mobilization. Ukrainian people's collective power, civic mobilization, nation, government, and military showed tremendous motivation, determination, and courage. In this war in Ukraine, images are used to evoke emotions and thereby mobilize into action. However, these visuals, visual politics, visual militarization, and their emotional framings also represent the conflict parties in simplified ways, with overly optimistic representations of the Self and overly negative representations of the Other. It strengthens the dichotomous association and the view of "Us" versus "Them." Thus the order Us - Attacked versus Them - Agressors. This working paper focuses on the representations of visuals and emotions and the reception of such visuals, perception, and expression of emotions of Ukrainians. The author extends perceived academic approaches regarding visual production in war, conflict, militarism, visual politics, collective mobilization, identity, patriotism, and emotions by studying various themes, including geopolitics, subjectivity, biography, narrative construction, commemoration, identity politics, emotions, and memory construction. The author considers how visual representations of conflict shape the meanings of politically significant events, specific social and identity formations, and collective mobilization of subject positions and enacted roles. The paper investigates a set of representational visuals in media, including print-making, photography, and digital imaging, and the use to which they have been put to generate and mediate realities of conflict. The study investigates the impact on behavior, people mobilization, identity politics, and government policies. The aim is to explore visual framings in web portals and traditional and social media of the war in Ukraine. It discusses how visuals by Ukrainians and their Western supporters shape a particular understanding of the war, stimulates emotions, shape identity politics, and mobilize within the discourse Us - Attacked versus Them - Agressors. The world has been stunned by the remarkable strength and courage demonstrated by the Ukrainians, while Russia has been taken entirely by surprise. In the build-up to the invasion, Russia relied on self-serving intelligence reports and cyber propaganda that dismissed Ukraine's national spirit and predicted the capitulation of Ukraine within weeks. Russias's invasion of Ukraine has exposed the often shambolic realities behind Russia's imperialism and authoritarianism within the identity politics discourse of protecting and uniting Russians in every entity, state, or region. In the last year, the Ukrainian people have remained defiant despite the occupation, sieges, energy blackouts, forced deportations, and mass killings. Historically, Ukraine came through the horrors of the 1930s Holodomor terror famine and the brunt of the fighting on the ferocious Eastern Front during WW2. Nevertheless, the Western Axes simultaneously realized the magnitude of Europe and the world's challenges and risks. With Western allies, the US and UK's sharing of intelligence, training, financial aid, and weapons has helped Ukraine to destroy much of the invading Russian army on the battlefield. Furthermore, Ukraine benefited from surprisingly high European unity and support. This unity was threatened in late 2021 as Germany pushed to complete the Nord Stream II pipeline with Russia. However, besides North Stream's failure, Russian aggression has persuaded formerly neutral Sweden and Finland to join the NATO alliance. As a result, not only is NATO stronger than ever, but the EU finds itself with a greater purpose than ever since its inception. This unity comes despite Russian attempts to divide Europe via weaponized energy exports and subversive activities throughout the EU. Moscow was counting on a divided Europe, but the invasion of Ukraine has united the European continent. Furthermore, the paper delves into individuals and citizens as new actors in conflict being motivated to support a conflict party, primarily Ukraine, in cyberspace and various media sources. They became actors that opened up new approaches to analyzing future armed conflicts. Interestingly, in the Ukraine and Russia conflict, in the beginning, civilians provided the view from the ground even before media associations could get there. They have done so in a highly effective way. Ukrainian people and their political and military leadership have used social media to inform people about the developments on the ground and relay their emotions and defiance. Thus, such visuals and perceived emotions have influenced identity politics, massive mobilization, militarism, and patriotism.

Keywords: Visual Politics, Emotions, Ukraine, Russia, Collective Power, European Continent, Geopolitics, Peace & Conflict, NATO

CREATIVITY & INNOVATION, PEACE EDUCATION, AND COEXISTENCE; MULTIDIMENSIONAL PEACE APPROACH

Congress and Conference Book of Proceedings and Journal article: 3rd International Congress on Gifted Youth and Sustainability of the Education (ICGYSE), At: Antalya, Field/Topic - Social Science Education, Young Wise Publishing Journals, 2022

The study suggests a multidimensional approach, an integration of critical creativity & innovatio... more The study suggests a multidimensional approach, an integration of critical creativity & innovation, and peace education as a vital essence of sustainable normative peaceful coexistence. It can be an essential mechanism, i.e., an educational space that nurtures genuine welfare not just in peace but in various processes (social/political/economic/human security), stimulating inquiry and nurturing freedom of thought/multiculturalism/equality/equity. Based on qualitative research, various literature was reviewed and analyzed. First, the author denotes the single-focused approaches, i.e., peace education in conflict & prosperous societies, normative concepts, results, and the framework of creativity & innovation within factors of coexistence. Consequently, the study generates a multidimensional approach to integration and beneficial positive developments. Sustainable peace requires more than cognitive and reasonable engagement. Although relatively effective, peace education & pedagogy should be more refined, carried by educational reforms, i.e., "creative peace" modules for inquisitive students and stimulating co-existence. The reason is that the educational sphere often marginalizes students rather than empowers them. The foundation of innovation is an open mentality. Its focus in the educational sphere should be on a willingness to listen to students' needs, ideas, and opinions, indicating various methods. The use of creativity, e.g., arts, in conflict prevention mechanisms has seen increased success, and there is a substantial affinity between creativity and the capacity for peaceful coexistence. Creativity & innovation come to life via a holographic display of peace and stability in space through a framework of critical thinking. Multidimensional models of peacebuilding consider a multiplicity of trans-disciplinary approaches to peace & conflict. It relates to structural and discursive causes of violence, reconciliation and restoration, and constructive, positive social change by nonviolent means. Peace and conflict complexity in its empirical diversity is a condition in a particular locality, relationships, and understanding of the peace itself. Peace education as a one-dimensional pedagogical approach should enable students to strengthen their intercultural skills and develop stronger social ties, opposing stereotypes/discrimination based on human rights principles and nonviolent communication. Critical thinking skills of new generations and a sense of individual responsibility are developed and adopted in accepting others. Previous experience shows that peace programs are most successful when content and methods are developed locally. Students behave peacefully using the Peace education model. Innovation & creativity can be a multidimensional representation of the concept of peace and global stability in space, institutionalized critical thinking in a world of increased fragility and antagonism. Its association with education implies a change of form or replacement of specialized philosophy with a multidimensional, creative/innovative/critical one. With the help of knowledge/skill/creativity, and a commitment to resolving conflict, peace education is crucial. Challenging educational environments (e.g., racial/ethnic/religious segregation) in post-conflict and some prosperous societies demonstrate the need to advance peace education. Long-term educational reforms in many countries must shift towards urgent "creative peace" curricula. We need the willingness to see peace education along with creativity & innovation not as a set of set rules but as a space for growth. Peace is the foundation of social/political/economic/human security improvement and intercultural coexistence. Keywords: innovation & creativity, peace education, multidimensionality, sustainable peace, global peaceful coexistence, multiculturalism, student's critical thinking, integrated peace practice

THE QUESTION OF "CRITICAL" IN CRITICAL HUMAN SECURITY AND CRITICAL SECURITY STUDIES AND THE CHANGE OF INSTITUTIONAL APPROACH

Conference and Behaviour Journal of Social and Economic Research, 10th International Symposium on Social Sciences organized by Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Research (ASEAD), Omca Publications, Astana Publications, on November 19-21, 2022

Critical security studies and human security challenge the state-centric orthodoxy of conventio... more Critical security studies and human security challenge the state-centric orthodoxy of conventional international security. Both study concepts challenge neorealist scholarship and involve the broadening and deepening the security agenda. The human security concept is supposed to centralize the more complete conditions (e.g., human socioeconomic, nutritional, health, psychological, ecological, social, political, etc.) and security factors of individuals and communities, not exclusively the security of states and institutions. Dominant narratives of international and state security limit effective responses to "ordinary" man's security issues by narrowing their analysis to the causes and consequences of global insecurity. The result of such focused discourses on human security is that more than political and institutional responses are needed. Thus, expanding and applying critical human security philosophies to engage more deeply with "human" perspectives is required. Various irregular and complex challenges to human security within the human rights framework and the policies that address them exist. Therefore, applying human rights and international law with more inclusive security practices focused on communities and individuals is needed. It would allow us to take a comprehensive look at security and enable people to understand their rights and conditions with effective normative mechanisms to improve their societal status. However, the political and geopolitical nature of security chronologies and sporadic discriminational norms preclude such possibilities through the ineffectiveness of global security guidelines. At the same time, various international events (migrant crises, conflicts, climate change, environmental insecurity, socioeconomic decline in certain countries, and the COVID-19 pandemic) have highlighted additional dimensions of human security and its dysfunction within and between political and institutional spheres. Such a notion of human security correlates with economic, political, and social crises, inequality, inequity, and the consequences of wars and conflicts. Accordingly, it is necessary to approach critical human security from profoundly critical and emancipation theories perspectives. Critical security's reference object and subject must include and focus on more comprehensive security factors of individuals and extend beyond the state. Thus, above the core of human physical existence. The institutional normative framework must contain a comprehensive approach to well-being and the dignity of human beings, focusing on fulfilling their unlimited societal perspectives and potential. Three components that outline the scope and conditions of human security need to be examined from a more in-depth perspective, and the concepts of freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom from indignity need to be extended. First, a more robust normative framework that refers to human economic, nutritional, health (physical and mental), ecological, personal, social, political, and psychological aspects is needed. Here, I primarily imply freedom from the "culture of fear" regarding the individual and communities, particularly in post-conflict sociopolitically antagonistic societies. The institutional and policy focus should be developing and supporting inclusive public policy responses and creating sustainable global research associations and joint strategies.

Keywords: Security studies, Human security, Critical security studies, Critical human security, Institutions, Policies, Politics, Change

"ONLY WE COMMITTED GENOCIDE? WE ARE NOT THAT KIND OF PEOPLE": FAILED TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE AND SOCIOPOLITICAL RECONCILIATION IN FORMER YUGOSLAVIA

European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies (EJIS), 2023

In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive ... more In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive collective confutation, and generated victimization narratives lead societies into a "new state of conflict." These adverse processes influence the perspective of "positive peace," i.e., unlock the structural factors of "negative peace" and decrease state-building potentials in some former Yugoslavia countries. Consequently, such social and political circumstances prolong the suffering of victims (war survivors, detainees in concentration camps, raped women) and families of deceased and missing victims. Moreover, these methods contain non-violent social-psychological dimensions and are active mechanisms that constitute various social and political agencies. Consequently, such occurrences affect peaceful coexistence and integral assimilation into the EU of Western Balkan nations. Accordingly, raising social awareness and stricter legislation related to the dominant mainstream sociopolitical approach to denying internationally sentenced crimes against humanity and genocide is required. Moreover, the rational and pragmatic approach to collective defensive "victimization" and denial narratives (with periodical ideological-mythological elements) is vital. Additionally, the EU and USA's sincere objectives and support for "democratization, the rule of law and political ethics" in the Western Balkans are required and significant. Furthermore, regionally, how to make universal transitional justice a means of positive peace shift and Reconciliation is imperative. It is a fundamental open question that must achieve global implication and visibility after the lethal 1990s. Thirty years of disputable sociopolitical, legal, and human security progress in the Balkans demonstrate it. Keywords: former Yugoslavia, Crimes against humanity, Genocide denial, Ethnopolitics, Confutation & denial agency, Reconciliation

SCIENTIFIC GOALS AND PURPOSES IN XXI CENTURY; POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION; The World Between the Globalization, Democratization, and Disintegrative Globalism

Scientific Collection «InterConf» : SCIENTIFIC GOALS AND PURPOSES IN XXI CENTURY (October 7-8), At. Seattle, USA, 2021

The study problematizes the democratic consequences of globalization and conceptualizes attention... more The study problematizes the democratic consequences of globalization and conceptualizes attention to the fact that an adversary process of disintegration occurs in parallel with integration and globalization. It further distinguishes between globalization as an objective historical process and globalism as adverse domination. In order to reverse the resistance against globalization, active policies are required in opposite directions: strengthening democracy above the level of the nation-state and investing efforts in local economic development. Globalization can regulate through international agencies, although it cannot be sufficiently democratic. Globalization causes the weakness of national borders, restriction of state domination on information stream and traditional borders, and broadcast of democratic values by new communication instrumentals that stable democracy to favorite aim and too success method in people minds. However, globalization strengthens democratization, political, cultural, and social transformation. World citizenship necessarily presupposes creating a new political identity, and cosmopolitanism must show how this identity can be achieved without a democratic deficit or a bureaucratic-oligarchic plethora. It is essential to build a theory of globalization by understanding what is arising in various spheres separately. The world cannot be governed based on several abstract ideological principles such as liberalization, privatization, and monetarisminsofar as the hegemonism policies' philosophy. After a certain level of development, the Soviet Union could no longer be successfully managed from one center, converting even less powerful globally. The consequences of centralism are rough, inadequate, belated solutions that do not consider the specifics (historical, cultural, sociopolitical, economic, psychological) of regions (Balkans, Muslim World, Latin America) and any particular nation-state. Each of which must have a different development strategy. The events like Arab Spring should advance for democratization in non-democratic regions because freedom, equality, and justice are common values between people that are hidden in democracy nature.

"Only We Committed Genocide? We Are Not That Kind of People": Failed Transitional Justice and Sociopolitical Reconciliation in Former Yugoslavia

31st International Multidisciplinary Conference "Recent Ideas and Research", ISBN 978-1-915312-05-1, Luxembourg University, Maison du Savoir. 18-19 November , 2022

In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive ... more In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive collective confutation, and generated victimization narratives lead societies into a "new state of conflict." These adverse processes influence the perspective of "positive peace," i.e., unlock the structural factors of "negative peace" and decrease state-building potentials in some former Yugoslavia countries. Consequently, such social and political circumstances prolong the suffering of victims (war survivors, detainees in concentration camps, raped women) and families of deceased and missing victims. Moreover, these methods contain non-violent social-psychological dimensions and are active mechanisms that constitute various social and political agencies. Consequently, such occurrences affect peaceful coexistence and integral assimilation into the EU of Western Balkan nations. Accordingly, raising social awareness and stricter legislation related to the dominant mainstream sociopolitical approach to denying internationally sentenced crimes against humanity and genocide is required. Moreover, the rational and pragmatic approach to collective defensive "victimization" and denial narratives (with periodical ideological-mythological elements) is vital. Additionally, the EU and USA's sincere objectives and support for "democratization, the rule of law and political ethics" in the Western Balkans are required and significant. Furthermore, regionally, how to make universal transitional justice a means of positive peace shift and Reconciliation is imperative. It is a fundamental open question that must achieve global implication and visibility after the lethal 1990s. Thirty years of disputable sociopolitical, legal, and human security progress in the Balkans demonstrate it. Keywords: former Yugoslavia, Crimes against humanity, Genocide denial, Ethnopolitics, Confutation & denial agency, Reconciliation

Sociopolitics, Psychology, And Genocracy of Global Nationalism and Neo-Racism; Peace and Conflict Philosophy

Universal Journal of History and Culture, 2022

The study problematizes the sociological/political/psychological/genetic aspects of neo-racism an... more The study problematizes the sociological/political/psychological/genetic aspects of neo-racism and nationalism and their conflict consequences. It aims to unlock points within peace philosophy and enlightenment. The paper argues that contemporary sociopolitics, as an expression of neoliberalism, globalization, radical nationalism, and supremacy, maintain archaic conflicting ideological, racial antagonistic, and national entity relations, particularly in post-socialist and post-conflict ethnoreligiously controlled societies-Balkans. Racism is a moral and sociopolitical subject significantly related to peace and conflict philosophy normative. Although a liberal conscience can be reassured by the fact that genetics has not found much difference among the peoples of the world, it is irrelevant to the problem of racism. In the sphere of flexibility, it established an association with nationalism. Nationalism initiates and homogenizes the national masses with narratives regarding the threat to national domains or injustices. Neo-racism and nationalism ignore insights into group differentiation; race genetics narratives were scientifically disguised prejudice. Racism can be enforced in regions with zero racial diversity. The significant causes lie within structural mechanisms of conflict, overwhelmed by the ethnonational/ethnoreligious culture of antagonism and fear. Balkan sports racism is correlated with ethnoreligious nationalism. It is deeply rooted in the culture and creation of ethnoreligious homogenous territories and ethnonational radicalism/far-right patterns. The racist and nationalist antagonistic mind can be liberated through enlightenment; one must notice how the national/ethnic/religious mind functions. The peace philosophy seeks to advance human society marked by processes and relations, cooperation, tolerances, mutual arrangements, and parity to resolve violent, non-violent, or ideological conflicts within the liberty of manifestation of individuals and societies. Thus, general civilizational progress. Keywords: Enlightenment, Genocracy, Nationalism & Racism, Peace and Conﬂict, Psychology, Religion, Sociopolitics

The Impact of Climate Change on Human Security: Wars and Terrorism

Panoply Journal, The Center for International Relations and International Security (CIRIS), 2024

The critical security studies should be not to establish "objective truth" but to enable a broade... more The critical security studies should be not to establish "objective truth" but to enable a broader understanding of security based on respect for specific theoretical and political starting points in its conceptualization. Issues of environmental security and environmental protection are issues of overall security because they directly cause: open conflicts, have the potential to destabilize the regime, can lead to the displacement of the population, and the disintegration of the states. Regarding the geopolitical consequences of climate change, climate change consequences, such as global warming, rising sea levels, droughts, melting glaciers, and many others, significantly impact the world geopolitics. The level of conflict between states depends on how strong the ties and common interests of the entire region, states and globally. Some states depend on what the atmosphere will be like in their environment. If they are stable andeconomically prosperous, so will they affect neighboring countries. When climate change has reduced living resources, the economic framework played a much more critical role than religion in joining terrorist organizations. There is a need for research initiatives on how modern technologies, on the one hand, and the involvement of the younger generations and minorities on the other, can be used and increased as ways to strengthen communities' resilience to disasters and ensure an effective, comprehensive, and sustainable approach. Quality governance and leadership in the field of climate change is crucial for environmental safety.

Keywords: critical security studies, climate change, environmental security, human security, conflicts, wars, terrorism

GLOBAL EXAMINATION OF ANTI-PLURALISM IMPACTS ON MINORITY RIGHTS AND PLURAL CIVIC SPACE; THE CONSEQUENCES OF POPULIST DEMOCRACIES

INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION AND SCIENCE: informational, economic, educational, legal, psychological, technical and managerial aspects, 2024

The study examines civic pluralism complexities in current global liberal democracies, including ... more The study examines civic pluralism complexities in current global liberal democracies, including populism processes and relations to anti-pluralism sociopolitical and legal practices. It further problematizes the minority rights and paradigmatic framework: “The rule of law equalizes the rule of the majority.” The hypotheses are as follows: The threat to democracy comes from the sphere of the legitimacy of the democratic choice of a populist leader, based on demagoguery and democratic electoral legitimacy; According to the concept of growing populists, minority political will and minority rights are not protected by universal rules; Populism fabrication reduces civic pluralism and plural civic space; Liberalism abuse rests on the threat to the survival of shared collectivism by the disregard for the minority-oriented part of the community; Refusing pluralism implies an authoritarian temptation. Some populism theories do not imply a non-partisan ethical and moral assessment. Far-right demagoguery and fascist politics designate theories of uncertainty and extreme. Anti-pluralism is a vital feature of populism, advocating the people's “authentic” will. Both liberal and egalitarian democracies are rejected. Liberal radicalism is rarely achievable without populism. Populism is the antagonist of pluralism, civic plural space, and genuine democratic values. It imposes democratic principles that are not liberal, not democratic, by cherishing particular identities while obscuring the individual rights of minorities. As a result, the traditional collateral democratic functioning has become a matrix. Hence, a shaped mass has replaced the unrealized assumption of liberal democracy that its subjects are independent and conscious citizens. Within the common good, politics must have two dimensions - problem-solving and the struggle for maintenance between non-discriminatory coercion - not only in terms of religious or ethnic minorities but also migrations and globalization. Compromise is the value to be compensated for support and agreement. A truly “modernist” civic order should have minimal support and serious moral capital as a good foundation for supporting progress. By justifying “the rule of law equalizing the majority's rule,” populists create a “homogeneous people” whose notion they tend to represent. Keywords: civic pluralism, anti-pluralism, liberal democracy, populism, authoritarianism, minority rights, the rule of law, the rule of the majority, liberal democracy.

Climate Justice or Climate Injustice on the Planet Earth: Social, Geopolitical, Legal, Security, Visual, and Moral Dimensions

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2024

This study presents a comprehensive and insightful exploration of climate justice and climate inj... more This study presents a comprehensive and insightful exploration of climate justice and climate injustice and their social, geopolitical, legal, security, visual and moral dimensions. It contributes perspectives on the global climate crisis and its implications. The paper adds insight into global climate and environmental processes, concepts of climate justice and injustice, environmental and human security, climate visuals, and legal and moral approaches to the observed topics. The study explores contemporary academic scientific literature's methodological trends and critical themes. Besides a meta-analysis, content analysis, thematic analysis, a descriptive method, and an in-depth literature review of various scientific and expert-based data forms, the study incorporated the representation and analysis of visual expressions of climate change consequences and injustice. It also included human-centric aspects and perceptions of youth climate activists. Accordingly, the paper analyzes the essence and goals of climate justice, the consequences of climate injustice, and the positions of wealthy and poorer countries - mainly and severely affected by climate change, and offers normative solutions. Climate injustice processes and occurrences generate social injustice, inequalities, inequities, and exclusions while jeopardizing critical human security.
Keywords: Climate justice; climate injustice; ecological crisis; environmental and human security; climate change policies; climate change and law; geopolitics of climate change; climate visuals, wealthy countries; poor countries; social justice; morality and climate ethics.

Perspectives of the Strategic Alliance of Science and Theology and Non-Violent Resistance to Global Challenges, Antagonism, and Human (In)Security

Strategic Public Management Journal , 2023

This study aims to analyze a synergy between Science and Religion within philosophical, socio-pol... more This study aims to analyze a synergy between Science and Religion within philosophical, socio-political, and human security approaches as the solution to the longing for a peaceful, secure, and just world. It indicates the perspectives of harmony and alliance of Religion and Science and examines the theoretical concepts of non-violent resistance related to numerous global challenges. The starting point of this paper is that Science and Religion, alongside social and political dynamics, have massive effects on global challenges such as conflicts (national, geopolitical, ideological, or religious), environmental matters, globalization and migrations, growing radicalism, nationalism, human security, or influence social justice. Historically, the relationship between Science and Religion has recently ranged from conflict to hostility. The normative action of mutual understanding and the interaction and cooperation between Science and Religion depends primarily on the participants (non-politized theologians and scientists) in constructive dialogue, particularly regarding global issues. Conflicting narratives between Science and Religion are opportunities for joint learning and contribution to a better world and a compassionate culture. Therefore, the leading ideas of the discourse across borders are the promotion of synergy between sciences and religions and cooperation between nations in promoting a compassionate society – an empathetic civilization. Non-violent dissent to global challenges should be involved in changing the power imbalance as a source of structural violence. Nevertheless, liberation must focus on social justice, sociopolitical stability, and critical human security. In facing global challenges, Science and Religion must have diplomatic value by promoting mutual understanding and using a common language through collaboration. Religious traditions and Science, strengthened by global non-religious spiritualism as the valuable means of general spiritual growth, should assert a culture of peace and dialogue for transnational challenges. However, material science and theology are not explicitly formative to growing radical nationalism, racism, conflicts, hegemonism, destruction of the Earth, and socioeconomic inequality. The healthy strategic union between Science and Religion enforced by ethical and constructive politics can support and enhance the resolution of global issues and antagonistic practices. Such a normative-formative framework should ensure that knowledge is developed to advance human, social, economic, and environmental goals according to the moral principles of each Religion.
Keywords: Antagonism, Global challenges, Human security, Non-violence, Peace & Stability, Science & Religion, Social justice, Strategic alliance.

VISUALIZATION INSTRUMENTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE COMMUNICATION, AND HUMAN SECURITY, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON AFRICA, SOUTH ASIA, THE CARIBBEAN, AND THE PACIFIC ISLANDS

Chapter 1, INNOVATIONS IN THE EDUCATION OF THE FUTURE: INTEGRATION OF HUMANITIES, TECHNICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES, International collective monograph, Prague , 2023

Extended Abstract: This study seeks to contribute to evidence-based approaches in responding to t... more Extended Abstract: This study seeks to contribute to evidence-based approaches in responding to the climate change crisis and climate policies, focusing on the role of visualization instruments of climate change, climate communication, and the human security framework. The regions of interest are Africa, South Asia, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Islands. Climate change is a global factor in current and future security issues that has yet to penetrate broader security or resilience discourse, particularly in these fragile regions. International cooperation around disaster response and risk reduction is critical. However, adaptation and resilience planning must be active across these most fragile trans-continental regions. It could provide a sound basis for a thorough cross-continental and multilayered understanding of the future threat to improve government will and support risk management planning. The solution lies in climate-resilient development and social and political awareness to adapt to climate change and effectively tackle climate transition. It involves integrating measures to adapt to climate change with actions to reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions in ways that provide more comprehensive benefits. Demanding to fight against misconceptions and denial of the climate crisis and environmental fragility is essential because global warming will be consistent globally in these observed fragile Regions and the Global North. That is why visualization instruments (cartography, maps, satellite images, photographs, interactive atlases, and video sequences) can be invaluable for climate change and all misunderstandings within action research and collective activism. It is crucial to provide access to a broad audience, both to knowledge and through interactive participation, through zooming the data itself. However, capturing complexity for a specialized audience, scientists and experts, and keeping simplicity for a global audience takes work. Visual Climate impacts are emotionally powerful, and when adequately presented and elaborated, they become effective ways of communicating to an audience. Cartographic visualizations of different features of climate change and the power of climate photography and its narratives are significant for public perception. Satellite images and their models can display how regions will look if global warming and rising sea levels continue. Computer simulations can demonstrate circumstances and future scenarios; numerous areas could lose their centers, and flooding would occur in many populated areas. It would affect the displacement of people, migrations, food security, and crime level and jeopardize human safety. Specular attention should be devoted to using various visual instruments and images to show the increasing fragility caused by the climate crisis. Climate change narratives through images are a vital part of climate change communication, but while there is a decent amount of research, the "power of images" needs to be studied more. Climate change and environmental security can be studied, predicted, and captured using photography. Increasingly, photography can help research the causes and effects of climate change. Likewise, various climate-engaged photographers can assist science in tackling climate change with solutions regarding climate resilience. Climate change visualization and communication are critical and should be examined and comprehended more profoundly. In the near and distant future, the multidisciplinary and trans-disciplinary association between entirely different fields of science will bring more epistemological familiarity that will prevent complex challenges in the future. The effort that invests in mitigating climate change must be more remarkable, especially the general social and psychological awareness of citizens. The reason is that, in addition to the consequences on the economy, society, and the environment, other inevitable consequences of climate change will appear (floods, droughts, heat waves, changes in the amount of rainfall, lack of natural resources, loss of biodiversity, migrations, wars and conflicts, terrorism, etc.). Climate change will even more negatively and strongly affect Africa, the Caribbean, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands, starting with potentially more harmful impacts on human health and already terrible conditions (especially for those who work in an increasingly hot environment), even greater migrations, and other related disorders. As with mitigation, crucial is action- research satisfactory politics. The new focus must be on the technological, social, psychological, and cultural aspects to ensure adequate climate change programs, commissions, governments, and various international expert institutions dealing with the adjustment. During the approaching "climate change transition," in a socio-political sense, it is essential that everyone is more actively involved in the policy-making process. The key is to ensure an appropriate geopolitical and financial focus, a Global South/Global North honest association, and a transformation of the Global North policies during the transition. It aims to assist the fragile regions of Africa, the Caribbean, South Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Climate change action, environmental security, and human security are critical, especially regarding observed regions and sectors that will be most affected - countries with fragile human security. We need technology, scientific, and educational focus to fight climate change. However, this is not only a technological and scientific issue but a social problem. Along with the social aspect, there is the problem of inequality, i.e., social justice - climate justice. Those who contributed the most to the climate crisis contribute the least to its solution. The government, practitioners, and policymakers must better understand human security's value and have a better climate security approach in addressing climate challenges in these regions. The climate policies should integrate and acknowledge the importance of visualizing instruments and climate communication into the resiliency approach. It must also include other workstreams related to environmental and human security. Climate change is a complex challenge that policymakers and practitioners must clearly understand and contextualize in the observed regions to help address the everyday challenges communities across these countries face. Keywords: Climate Change, Visualizing Instruments, Climate Communication, South Asia, Caribbean, Africa, Pacific Islands, Climate Visuals, Climate Security, Human Security.

Cultural Genocide: From North American and Australian Indigenous Peoples to More Recent Cases of Myanmar's Rohingyas, China's Uighurs, and Others

2th International Symposium on Social Sciences organized by Shymkent University and Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Research (EJSER), November 25-27, 2023

This working paper explores the character and form of cultural Genocide, assessing conditions and... more This working paper explores the character and form of cultural Genocide, assessing conditions and statuses and examining social and political theories and international law from a global perspective. The author problematizes the difference between Genocide and the concept of cultural Genocide. It does so through analysis of several cases of cultural Genocide from historical to recent perspectives. Consequently, instances and the concepts of Genocide and cultural Genocide differ. The examination concentrates on crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing, religious persecution, and gender matters. The study argues that cultural Genocide has particular importance for indigenous peoples and other minorities and comprehensively affects sustainable peace, human rights, and the future of human security scholarship. By examining cases of transformation (i.e., destruction) of Indigenous cultures through a history of forced assimilation (e.g., education, language, culture) in the USA, Canada, and Australia from the 19th century to the present day, chronologically, I argue that it does not represent cultural change but cultural Genocide. Correspondingly, as a result of colonization and the subsequent rise of antagonism against Indigenous people, native civilizations experienced multi-layered racial forms of cultural Genocide. Recent approaches to the law on indigenous peoples completed - only four countries voted against the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Revitalizing Indigenous cultures through immersion in various programs is critical. One can find many comparable sociopolitical and legal practices of cultural Genocide on ethnic and religious grounds between Myanmar and China. It is part of the destruction of the group in terms of the destruction of the spirit, will, and life itself (members of the ethnic group). Both states persecuted ethnic minorities, Rohingyas and Uighurs, who did not conform to their nation-state objectives. Both vehemently rejected the international allegations while deploying similar methods and forms of penalty. Both regimes label such cultural genocidal campaigns as internal security affairs (i.e., securitization) and reject international public criticism. Both countries have justified their actions by claiming that ethnic minorities are extremists. Securitization of the questions of Rohingyas and Uighurs represents the legitimization of human rights violations. Frequently, such conditions and characters of cultural Genocide involve social, cultural, and political indoctrination as well as gender offenses, bigotry, and adverse policies for orphans. Uighur women have been subject to forced sterilization and coerced marriages to Chinese males. Almost half a million children have been placed in orphanages.

Keywords: Cultural Genocide, Genocide, International law, Social theory, North America and Australia, Indigenous People, Myanmar Rohingyas, China Uighurs

GOVERNING THE INTERNATIONAL WARS; THEORY, LEGISLATION, HUMAN RIGHTS, CRITICAL HUMAN SECURITY, AND ETHICS

Equinox Journal of Economics, Business and Political Studies, 2023

The study indicates wartime "programmed" violence's implications within the liberal interpretatio... more The study indicates wartime "programmed" violence's implications within the liberal interpretation of contemporary legislative and human rights debates. It discusses related war theories and practices, the problematizing instrumentalization of instilling new global ethics, arguing that humanitarian interventions often became "usable" in the new millennium's geopolitics; wars fatally affect the innocent. It points out that the origins of democracy are structurally violent and that the threat of terrorism, in addition to revealing new forms of "democratic violence," is having a transformative effect on the very character of democracy. How does the concept of cause agree with armed humanitarian intervention, and do we have the right to impose democracy by force? Whether the theory of just war in its positivist-legalist paradigm that combines universalist principles with utilitarian harm-weighing versus profit can offer a comprehensive method of morally contemplating wars and conflicts worldwide. The distinction between liberal cosmopolitan arguments and social democratic ones is apparent. The arbitrariness and the imposition of individual states' views create issues, leading to fragility (human security, socioeconomics, economic development, health). The compulsory international focus and responsibility should incorporate critical medical (children)-"the right to health" and humanitarian goods. Implementing rules to control war's destructiveness is less effective in intercultural conflicts. The doctrine of "just war" application is questionable, and no new victim should suffer even when the goal of the intervention is entirely legitimate and "humane." It cannot be just that it will exempt intervention forces from applying international humanitarian law, nor does the legitimacy of the intervention exempt them from respect for international humanitarian law. The international law concept has evolved from an instrument of promoting peace to an agent of the violent argument of force realization. Ethics is often imposed as politics; human rights ethics transformed into war ethics, leading to human rights violations and civilian casualties. War justice and the moral paradigm within globalization's contemporary forms are questioned. A broader discussion of the assumptions of the universality of Western values that have driven international law for centuries is required. Keywords: War Governing, War legislation, Liberalism, Ethics, Violence, Civilians, Humanitarian intervention, Human rights, Human security

LATIN AMERICA, THE MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA, AND EUROPE: PRESENT INCLUSIONARY AND EXCLUSIONARY FORMS OF RIGHTIST AND LEFTIST POPULISM

European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (EJMS), 2024

The study examines current left-wing and right-wing political behaviour and inclusionary and excl... more The study examines current left-wing and right-wing political behaviour and inclusionary and exclusionary practices in MENA, Latin America, and Europe and its outcomes on political developments and changes in comparative method. This study investigates the evolution and transition of contemporary rightism and leftism in these dissimilar Regions and the diverse degrees of inclusionary and inclusionary populism features of the political parties. First, it questions political conditions, behavioralism, and transitions of populism. Second, in which forms of inclusions and exclusions populism arrive on the political scene. Thus, the focus is on the latest decade from the cross-continental and cross-regional perspective. Although there is scholarly debate about contemporary populism in the European Continent (in general) and, lately, some in Latin America and MENA (Middle East and North Africa), cross-continental and regional research is lacking.

Keywords: Latin America, Left-wing Populism, Right-wing Populism, Inclusions, Exclusions, Political Behaviour, Europe, MENA

Power of Global North vs. Global South; Environmental and Climate Change Policies of Inclusion, Inequalities, and Fragility

Journal, Humanities Today: Proceedings (HTPR), 2024

Extended Abstract: The paper investigates global climate processes, i.e., policies and equity con... more Extended Abstract: The paper investigates global climate processes, i.e., policies and equity concerns between postindustrial countries in the Global North and emerging economies in the Global South. The author argues that to reduce inequalities and the environmental fragility of the Global South and increase Climate Justice, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the costs of mitigating and adapting to climate change should be shared via more crucial policies. Moreover, the effectiveness of the principle of equalities and equities in global efforts to combat climate change will help determine climate justice within the scope and ambition of these efforts. Events and research data have clarified that no country can escape the global ecological crisis and climate change impacts. The Global North, the world's most affluent and privileged country, is responsible for around half of all emissions since the Industrial Revolution. The least developed countries, "Global South," have contributed far less to global warming. It also implies that least developed countries have had a less equal share in the direct benefits of fossil fuel use, including energy consumption. The data indicates that the poorest countries of the world, while registering the lowest industrial pollution levels, are most susceptible to the damage produced by climate change. Moreover, the initial inequities and inequalities experienced by countries of the Global South put them at a disadvantage, where they are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts. Consequently, climate change widens existing global inequalities, undermining efforts for poverty reduction. Research estimates that the ecological crisis might drive up to 135 million people into poverty by 2030. Globally and nationally, climate change further deepens within-country inequalities by adversely affecting the poorest communities, including Indigenous and People of Colour communities, women, and children. Geopolitically, policies-wise- there is an urgent and critical need for more active inclusion of Global South actors. Rather than suffering the most from climate change, communities at the fore should be at the center of the world's fight against global warming and should be given way more space to raise their voices. The key is to ensure an appropriate geopolitical and financial focus, even budget resources through the Green Climate Fund (CCF), a Global South/North honest association, and a transformation of the Global North policies during the transition - aiming to assist the Global South and prevent the risk of violating international law and territorial and social rules. Thus, especially regarding Global South - regions and countries that will be most affected - areas with fragile general security and critical human insecurity. Keywords: Climate change, Environmental security, Climate change Policies, Global North, Global North, Global South, Inequities, Vulnerabilities, Inclusion

CONTEMPORARY LEFT-WING POPULISM AND RIGHT-WING POPULISM, AND INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS: FROM EUROPE, LATIN AMERICA, TO THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

Book Chapter in: "Populism Reloaded?", Edition: ISBN - 9781915312082, Revistia Publishing and Research, London, UK, 2023

From a comparative perspective, the study examines current left-wing and right-wing political beh... more From a comparative perspective, the study examines current left-wing and right-wing political behavior and inclusionary and exclusionary practices in MENA (Middle East and North Africa), Latin America, and Europe and their effects on political developments and changes. This study investigates the evolution and transition of contemporary rightism and leftism in these dissimilar Regions and the diverse degrees of inclusionary and inclusionary populism features of the political parties. First, it questions political conditions, behavioralism, and transitions of populism. Second, it questions forms of inclusions and exclusions: does populism arrive on the political scene? The focus is on the latest decade from the cross-continental and cross-regional perspective. Although there is scholarly debate about contemporary populism (and corporatism) in the European Continent (in general) and, lately, some in Latin America and MENA, cross-continental and regional research is lacking. Various research suggests that populism differs. Some are tasks of regeneration or democratization; others are movements that would weaken democracy by promoting the rebirth of nationalism and politics of exclusion (fascism, xenophobia, racism, radical nationalism). Thus, the former is left-wing populism, while the latter is right-wing populism. The facts are the rise of exclusionary radical populism in Europe and inclusionary populism in Latin America. Regardless, some exceptions exist, including inclusionary radical left populism - e.g., Greece, or exclusionary left-wing populism - e.g., B&H, social-democratic by name and by position center and simultaneously left-wing and right-wing). In MENA, populism varies between right-wing and left-wing, with a category of security populism in Israel and Islamic Populism in much of the Islamic world. Populism processes in MENA, a region within (semi) democratic or authoritarian regimes, between parliamentary or presidential systems and enforced by external geopolitical agents and aspirations, are broader and part of a complex global geopolitical context. The politics in the postcolonialism conditions (Latin America) more often contain populism. It sees populism as a contemporary and collective political response to the global crisis of nation-state approaches due to globalization and the stronghold of capitalism. The world is becoming increasingly characterized by populism, inclusionary or exclusionary. Common sense voting behavior worldwide is under populistic invasion, left and right-wing. The motivating force and practice of the populists are the (self-proclaimed) protection of (ethnic) national identities, socio-cultural values, or religion. Populist often builds their programs on the suppression and denial of analytical facts and various exclusions (more nominal inclusions) by resurrecting the socio-political concepts and ideals of outdated nationwide sovereignty. Keywords: MENA, Latin America, Europe, Populism, Left-wing, Right-wing, Inclusions, Exclusions, Political Behaviour

GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL CRISIS AND CLIMATE CHANGE INEQUITIES, DISADVANTAGES, AND VULNERABILITIES; GLOBAL NORTH GEOPOLITICAL DOMINANCE AND CRITICAL INCLUSION OF GLOBAL SOUTH

BOOK OF PROCEEDINGS: 34th International Multidisciplinary Conference "Recent Studies and Research", ISBN 978-1-915312-09-9, The University of Adelaide, Australia, 2023

Extended Abstract : Events and research data have clarified that no country can escape the global... more Extended Abstract : Events and research data have clarified that no country can escape the global ecological crisis and climate change impacts. The Global North, the world's most affluent and privileged country, is responsible for around half of all emissions since the Industrial Revolution. The least developed countries, "Global South," have contributed far less to global warming. It also implies that least developed countries have had a less equal share in the direct benefits of fossil fuel use, including energy consumption. The data indicates that the poorest countries of the world, while registering the lowest industrial pollution levels, are most susceptible to the damage produced by climate change. Moreover, the initial inequities and inequalities experienced by countries of the Global South put them at a disadvantage, where they are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts. Consequently, climate change widens existing global inequalities, undermining efforts for poverty reduction. A report from the World Bank estimates that the ecological crisis might drive up to 135 million people into poverty by 2030. Globally and nationally, climate change further deepens within-country inequalities by adversely affecting the poorest communities, including Indigenous and People of Colour communities, women, and children. These most vulnerable groups face the effects of global warming daily. At the same time, vulnerable groups are often the ones who are actively involved in the protection and conservation of natural habitats, as in the case of indigenous environmental defenders. GEopolitically, policies-wise- there is an urgent and critical need for more active inclusion of Global South actors. Rather than suffering the most from climate change, communities at the fore should be at the center of the world's fight against global warming and should be given way more space to raise their voices. Thus, to reduce global inequities, inequalities, and vulnerabilities, Global South actors and their voices need to be actively included in the decision-making of global action and partnerships, especially on climate-related issues. As with mitigation, crucial is action- research, satisfactory geopolitical approaches, and focus on the technological, social, psychological, and cultural aspects. The aim should be to get satisfactory climate change programs, commissions, governments, and various international expertise institutions dealing with the adjustment. During the approaching "climate change transition," in a socio-political sense, it is essential that everyone is more actively involved in the policy-making process. The key is to ensure an appropriate geopolitical and financial focus, even budget resources through the Green Climate Fund (CCF), a Global South/North honest association, and a transformation of the Global North policies during the transition - aiming to assist the Global South and prevent the risk of violating international law and territorial and social rules. Thus, especially regarding Global South - regions and countries that will be most affected - areas with fragile general security and critical human insecurity. Keywords: Climate change, Environmental security, Climate Change policies, Global North, Global North, Global South, Inequities, Vulnerabilities, Inclusion

Antagonistic Clericalization and Ethnicization of Sociopolitical Consciousness in the Balkans and the post-Wars Religious Education

Journal, Political Economy and Management of Education, 2023

No considerable research focused on ethnopolitical behavior in Western Balkans related to observe... more No considerable research focused on ethnopolitical behavior in Western Balkans related to observed phenomena. Thus, issues regarding the sociopolitical and educational processes of clerical-ethnonational exist. Furthermore, its social and psychological dimensions and peace stalemate are crucial points. Therefore, the paper will highlight several critical categorical concepts (ethnonationalism, clerical domination, segregation, education, conflict, and peace dynamics). Finally, by suggesting individualism over collectivism, the study points to ethical, sociopolitical, and psychological awareness as a totality of relations between autonomous citizens. I argue that clericalization and ethnicization are adopted by ethnonational political behavior, empowered by the Balkan connection to religious identities. Political behavior and clerical and ethnic ideologies strengthen support for religious antagonism, fascism, and historical revisionism, "dividing" peoples into ethnoreligious homogenous territories and adversely shaping new generations. Post-socialist Balkan societies are intensely marked by religion, specifically external manifest, associating religious identities and Clergy with political preferences. This entanglement is the groundwork of long-lasting despondency; religions are reduced principally to ethnicity-nation and subsequent power. All-binding inclusive ethnicization in Bosnia and Herzegovina-B&H infiltrates religious dimensions, including material and non-material cultures. The clerical education consequence points to the religious State of anti-secular internal disintegration of the genuine faith. Invoking man's ethnic-clerical consciousness entails unsatisfactory results due to Balkan's historical prevailing violence than would be obtained by the statutory prohibition of religious education. The B&H ethnoreligious-educational segregation reproduces ethnopolitical ideologists, preventing the next generation's socio-moral development and simulating the ethnoreligious hybrid conflicts. Nations cannot be clerical-political apparatus morally. The dominance and exclusivity of collectivist logics of ethnically and confessionally complex societies oppose the spirit of necessary susceptibility for tolerance. Ethically, sociopolitically, and psychologically, one must gain society's self-awareness as a totality of relations between autonomous and equal individuals-citizens to generate clerical and ethnicization immunity.
Keywords: Clericalization & Ethnicization, Balkans & former Yugoslavia, Social consciousness, Religious education, Peace & Conflict

Violent and Unethical Non-Violent Abuse of Faith and Ethnoreligious Sentiments in Southeast Europe: Religious Peace-Building?

International Journal of Social Inquiry, 2023

The article presents a theoretical and conceptual examination of religious violent and unethical ... more The article presents a theoretical and conceptual examination of religious violent and unethical non-violent behaviors, ethnopolitical and clerical synergism, and religious peace-building capacity. I argue that the phenomenon of religious/ethnic violent and non-violent interchangeability adopted by national political unethical behavior has adverse consequences on the post-Yugoslav social behavior and reconciliation process; religions should be a moral peace-building agency. The multiethnic/multireligious socialist Yugoslav society has been violently transformed into influential ethical and clerical cultures, producing antagonistic ethnonational societies sustaining pastoralism as potent identity manifestations of the social capital. War-period visual violence and emotions influenced violent behavior and policy within the discourse "our vs. their sacred ethnic land," creating an unbearable ease of creating fear and motivating violent antagonism and war crimes. The post-war antagonistic media rhetoric, visual antagonism, and abuse of faith adversely impact peaceful coexistence. Ethnic, religious, ideological, and political contextual factors are challenging to generate in post-conflict, divided Balkan societies. Fear of others, religiously distinct, is a category that's difficult to determine and prevent. Western-Balkan societies possess victimological and political mythical conventions, honoring ethnoreligious war victories, defeats, and agonies, maintaining hostility and revenge discourse. Historically, religions were misused to justify violence and maintain non-violence, unethical sociopolitical order, and negative peace. The ideologies of religious superiority intertwine with intensely dominant national perceptions, so belonging to the Serb, Croat, or Bosniak people is equated with Orthodoxy, Catholicism, or Islam. This entanglement is the groundwork for despondency and a hostile peace climate. Current clerical and ethnopolitical policies lead further away from conflict transformation, directing toward the renewal of monotheistic spirituality, cognition, and violence. Political involvement affects "authentic" religion. We should engage in all-inclusive theological and consensus approaches to demonstrate that religions are peace-building agencies, retrieving and revitalizing authentic morality criteria. Religious sentiments mobilize people more rapidly than other identities. Keywords: clerical & ethnic, Western Balkans & former Yugoslavia, violence & non-violence, social capital, ethnonational leaders, peace and conflict, ethics, visual politics.

Visual Politics, Emotions, and Ukrainian Collective Power; Us Ukrainians (Attacked) vs. Them Russians (Aggressors)

Conference Paper: «The Rule of Law: Doctrine and Practice in the Conditions of Modern World Challenges» Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, 2023

The Extended Abstract: Vision is always a question of the power to see and perhaps of the viole... more The Extended Abstract: Vision is always a question of the power to see and perhaps of the violence implicit in our visualizing practices. From wars to terrorist attacks to revolutions, our perceptions of significant world events are strongly influenced by the images we see from the ground. We live in a visual era. Television, film, documentaries, photographs, traditional and contemporary media, and arts decisively influence how we perceive and how we cope and deal with political phenomena as diverse as war, terrorism, refugee crisis, election campaigns, or financial crises. First, however, we must learn more about this visual power's exact nature and impact. Global crises' interpretative struggles are increasingly reflected in traditional media, web portals, and social media networks. The history of world politics is marked by the universal and the particular, the inside and the outside, the balance of power, and the symmetry and actuality of chaos. If these metaphors are the basis for how we understand world politics today, then they also shape how we remember past events in world politics and anticipate its future. Conflicts, wars, and all parties involved are typically portrayed with visuals, such as media photos, web portals, photo web platforms, or computer-crafted images. While photos give an image of the reality on the ground, they present only a selection. They can be expressly created to depict a specific understanding of an issue. In the Russian - Ukrainian war, or explicitly Russian aggression on Ukraine, traditional and social media have flooded the public and political space with images of the war and its major conflict parties, Russia and Ukraine, and international actors - Eastern versus Western bloc. Visual representations within visual politics often transport many emotions, influencing identity politics and, in this case, Ukraine - Russia warfare - collective mobilization. Ukrainian people's collective power, civic mobilization, nation, government, and military showed tremendous motivation, determination, and courage. In this war in Ukraine, images are used to evoke emotions and thereby mobilize into action. However, these visuals, visual politics, visual militarization, and their emotional framings also represent the conflict parties in simplified ways, with overly optimistic representations of the Self and overly negative representations of the Other. It strengthens the dichotomous association and the view of "Us" versus "Them." Thus the order Us - Attacked versus Them - Agressors. This working paper focuses on the representations of visuals and emotions and the reception of such visuals, perception, and expression of emotions of Ukrainians. The author extends perceived academic approaches regarding visual production in war, conflict, militarism, visual politics, collective mobilization, identity, patriotism, and emotions by studying various themes, including geopolitics, subjectivity, biography, narrative construction, commemoration, identity politics, emotions, and memory construction. The author considers how visual representations of conflict shape the meanings of politically significant events, specific social and identity formations, and collective mobilization of subject positions and enacted roles. The paper investigates a set of representational visuals in media, including print-making, photography, and digital imaging, and the use to which they have been put to generate and mediate realities of conflict. The study investigates the impact on behavior, people mobilization, identity politics, and government policies. The aim is to explore visual framings in web portals and traditional and social media of the war in Ukraine. It discusses how visuals by Ukrainians and their Western supporters shape a particular understanding of the war, stimulates emotions, shape identity politics, and mobilize within the discourse Us - Attacked versus Them - Agressors. The world has been stunned by the remarkable strength and courage demonstrated by the Ukrainians, while Russia has been taken entirely by surprise. In the build-up to the invasion, Russia relied on self-serving intelligence reports and cyber propaganda that dismissed Ukraine's national spirit and predicted the capitulation of Ukraine within weeks. Russias's invasion of Ukraine has exposed the often shambolic realities behind Russia's imperialism and authoritarianism within the identity politics discourse of protecting and uniting Russians in every entity, state, or region. In the last year, the Ukrainian people have remained defiant despite the occupation, sieges, energy blackouts, forced deportations, and mass killings. Historically, Ukraine came through the horrors of the 1930s Holodomor terror famine and the brunt of the fighting on the ferocious Eastern Front during WW2. Nevertheless, the Western Axes simultaneously realized the magnitude of Europe and the world's challenges and risks. With Western allies, the US and UK's sharing of intelligence, training, financial aid, and weapons has helped Ukraine to destroy much of the invading Russian army on the battlefield. Furthermore, Ukraine benefited from surprisingly high European unity and support. This unity was threatened in late 2021 as Germany pushed to complete the Nord Stream II pipeline with Russia. However, besides North Stream's failure, Russian aggression has persuaded formerly neutral Sweden and Finland to join the NATO alliance. As a result, not only is NATO stronger than ever, but the EU finds itself with a greater purpose than ever since its inception. This unity comes despite Russian attempts to divide Europe via weaponized energy exports and subversive activities throughout the EU. Moscow was counting on a divided Europe, but the invasion of Ukraine has united the European continent. Furthermore, the paper delves into individuals and citizens as new actors in conflict being motivated to support a conflict party, primarily Ukraine, in cyberspace and various media sources. They became actors that opened up new approaches to analyzing future armed conflicts. Interestingly, in the Ukraine and Russia conflict, in the beginning, civilians provided the view from the ground even before media associations could get there. They have done so in a highly effective way. Ukrainian people and their political and military leadership have used social media to inform people about the developments on the ground and relay their emotions and defiance. Thus, such visuals and perceived emotions have influenced identity politics, massive mobilization, militarism, and patriotism.

Keywords: Visual Politics, Emotions, Ukraine, Russia, Collective Power, European Continent, Geopolitics, Peace & Conflict, NATO

CREATIVITY & INNOVATION, PEACE EDUCATION, AND COEXISTENCE; MULTIDIMENSIONAL PEACE APPROACH

Congress and Conference Book of Proceedings and Journal article: 3rd International Congress on Gifted Youth and Sustainability of the Education (ICGYSE), At: Antalya, Field/Topic - Social Science Education, Young Wise Publishing Journals, 2022

The study suggests a multidimensional approach, an integration of critical creativity & innovatio... more The study suggests a multidimensional approach, an integration of critical creativity & innovation, and peace education as a vital essence of sustainable normative peaceful coexistence. It can be an essential mechanism, i.e., an educational space that nurtures genuine welfare not just in peace but in various processes (social/political/economic/human security), stimulating inquiry and nurturing freedom of thought/multiculturalism/equality/equity. Based on qualitative research, various literature was reviewed and analyzed. First, the author denotes the single-focused approaches, i.e., peace education in conflict & prosperous societies, normative concepts, results, and the framework of creativity & innovation within factors of coexistence. Consequently, the study generates a multidimensional approach to integration and beneficial positive developments. Sustainable peace requires more than cognitive and reasonable engagement. Although relatively effective, peace education & pedagogy should be more refined, carried by educational reforms, i.e., "creative peace" modules for inquisitive students and stimulating co-existence. The reason is that the educational sphere often marginalizes students rather than empowers them. The foundation of innovation is an open mentality. Its focus in the educational sphere should be on a willingness to listen to students' needs, ideas, and opinions, indicating various methods. The use of creativity, e.g., arts, in conflict prevention mechanisms has seen increased success, and there is a substantial affinity between creativity and the capacity for peaceful coexistence. Creativity & innovation come to life via a holographic display of peace and stability in space through a framework of critical thinking. Multidimensional models of peacebuilding consider a multiplicity of trans-disciplinary approaches to peace & conflict. It relates to structural and discursive causes of violence, reconciliation and restoration, and constructive, positive social change by nonviolent means. Peace and conflict complexity in its empirical diversity is a condition in a particular locality, relationships, and understanding of the peace itself. Peace education as a one-dimensional pedagogical approach should enable students to strengthen their intercultural skills and develop stronger social ties, opposing stereotypes/discrimination based on human rights principles and nonviolent communication. Critical thinking skills of new generations and a sense of individual responsibility are developed and adopted in accepting others. Previous experience shows that peace programs are most successful when content and methods are developed locally. Students behave peacefully using the Peace education model. Innovation & creativity can be a multidimensional representation of the concept of peace and global stability in space, institutionalized critical thinking in a world of increased fragility and antagonism. Its association with education implies a change of form or replacement of specialized philosophy with a multidimensional, creative/innovative/critical one. With the help of knowledge/skill/creativity, and a commitment to resolving conflict, peace education is crucial. Challenging educational environments (e.g., racial/ethnic/religious segregation) in post-conflict and some prosperous societies demonstrate the need to advance peace education. Long-term educational reforms in many countries must shift towards urgent "creative peace" curricula. We need the willingness to see peace education along with creativity & innovation not as a set of set rules but as a space for growth. Peace is the foundation of social/political/economic/human security improvement and intercultural coexistence. Keywords: innovation & creativity, peace education, multidimensionality, sustainable peace, global peaceful coexistence, multiculturalism, student's critical thinking, integrated peace practice

THE QUESTION OF "CRITICAL" IN CRITICAL HUMAN SECURITY AND CRITICAL SECURITY STUDIES AND THE CHANGE OF INSTITUTIONAL APPROACH

Conference and Behaviour Journal of Social and Economic Research, 10th International Symposium on Social Sciences organized by Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Research (ASEAD), Omca Publications, Astana Publications, on November 19-21, 2022

Critical security studies and human security challenge the state-centric orthodoxy of conventio... more Critical security studies and human security challenge the state-centric orthodoxy of conventional international security. Both study concepts challenge neorealist scholarship and involve the broadening and deepening the security agenda. The human security concept is supposed to centralize the more complete conditions (e.g., human socioeconomic, nutritional, health, psychological, ecological, social, political, etc.) and security factors of individuals and communities, not exclusively the security of states and institutions. Dominant narratives of international and state security limit effective responses to "ordinary" man's security issues by narrowing their analysis to the causes and consequences of global insecurity. The result of such focused discourses on human security is that more than political and institutional responses are needed. Thus, expanding and applying critical human security philosophies to engage more deeply with "human" perspectives is required. Various irregular and complex challenges to human security within the human rights framework and the policies that address them exist. Therefore, applying human rights and international law with more inclusive security practices focused on communities and individuals is needed. It would allow us to take a comprehensive look at security and enable people to understand their rights and conditions with effective normative mechanisms to improve their societal status. However, the political and geopolitical nature of security chronologies and sporadic discriminational norms preclude such possibilities through the ineffectiveness of global security guidelines. At the same time, various international events (migrant crises, conflicts, climate change, environmental insecurity, socioeconomic decline in certain countries, and the COVID-19 pandemic) have highlighted additional dimensions of human security and its dysfunction within and between political and institutional spheres. Such a notion of human security correlates with economic, political, and social crises, inequality, inequity, and the consequences of wars and conflicts. Accordingly, it is necessary to approach critical human security from profoundly critical and emancipation theories perspectives. Critical security's reference object and subject must include and focus on more comprehensive security factors of individuals and extend beyond the state. Thus, above the core of human physical existence. The institutional normative framework must contain a comprehensive approach to well-being and the dignity of human beings, focusing on fulfilling their unlimited societal perspectives and potential. Three components that outline the scope and conditions of human security need to be examined from a more in-depth perspective, and the concepts of freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom from indignity need to be extended. First, a more robust normative framework that refers to human economic, nutritional, health (physical and mental), ecological, personal, social, political, and psychological aspects is needed. Here, I primarily imply freedom from the "culture of fear" regarding the individual and communities, particularly in post-conflict sociopolitically antagonistic societies. The institutional and policy focus should be developing and supporting inclusive public policy responses and creating sustainable global research associations and joint strategies.

Keywords: Security studies, Human security, Critical security studies, Critical human security, Institutions, Policies, Politics, Change

"ONLY WE COMMITTED GENOCIDE? WE ARE NOT THAT KIND OF PEOPLE": FAILED TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE AND SOCIOPOLITICAL RECONCILIATION IN FORMER YUGOSLAVIA

European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies (EJIS), 2023

In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive ... more In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive collective confutation, and generated victimization narratives lead societies into a "new state of conflict." These adverse processes influence the perspective of "positive peace," i.e., unlock the structural factors of "negative peace" and decrease state-building potentials in some former Yugoslavia countries. Consequently, such social and political circumstances prolong the suffering of victims (war survivors, detainees in concentration camps, raped women) and families of deceased and missing victims. Moreover, these methods contain non-violent social-psychological dimensions and are active mechanisms that constitute various social and political agencies. Consequently, such occurrences affect peaceful coexistence and integral assimilation into the EU of Western Balkan nations. Accordingly, raising social awareness and stricter legislation related to the dominant mainstream sociopolitical approach to denying internationally sentenced crimes against humanity and genocide is required. Moreover, the rational and pragmatic approach to collective defensive "victimization" and denial narratives (with periodical ideological-mythological elements) is vital. Additionally, the EU and USA's sincere objectives and support for "democratization, the rule of law and political ethics" in the Western Balkans are required and significant. Furthermore, regionally, how to make universal transitional justice a means of positive peace shift and Reconciliation is imperative. It is a fundamental open question that must achieve global implication and visibility after the lethal 1990s. Thirty years of disputable sociopolitical, legal, and human security progress in the Balkans demonstrate it. Keywords: former Yugoslavia, Crimes against humanity, Genocide denial, Ethnopolitics, Confutation & denial agency, Reconciliation

SCIENTIFIC GOALS AND PURPOSES IN XXI CENTURY; POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION; The World Between the Globalization, Democratization, and Disintegrative Globalism

Scientific Collection «InterConf» : SCIENTIFIC GOALS AND PURPOSES IN XXI CENTURY (October 7-8), At. Seattle, USA, 2021

The study problematizes the democratic consequences of globalization and conceptualizes attention... more The study problematizes the democratic consequences of globalization and conceptualizes attention to the fact that an adversary process of disintegration occurs in parallel with integration and globalization. It further distinguishes between globalization as an objective historical process and globalism as adverse domination. In order to reverse the resistance against globalization, active policies are required in opposite directions: strengthening democracy above the level of the nation-state and investing efforts in local economic development. Globalization can regulate through international agencies, although it cannot be sufficiently democratic. Globalization causes the weakness of national borders, restriction of state domination on information stream and traditional borders, and broadcast of democratic values by new communication instrumentals that stable democracy to favorite aim and too success method in people minds. However, globalization strengthens democratization, political, cultural, and social transformation. World citizenship necessarily presupposes creating a new political identity, and cosmopolitanism must show how this identity can be achieved without a democratic deficit or a bureaucratic-oligarchic plethora. It is essential to build a theory of globalization by understanding what is arising in various spheres separately. The world cannot be governed based on several abstract ideological principles such as liberalization, privatization, and monetarisminsofar as the hegemonism policies' philosophy. After a certain level of development, the Soviet Union could no longer be successfully managed from one center, converting even less powerful globally. The consequences of centralism are rough, inadequate, belated solutions that do not consider the specifics (historical, cultural, sociopolitical, economic, psychological) of regions (Balkans, Muslim World, Latin America) and any particular nation-state. Each of which must have a different development strategy. The events like Arab Spring should advance for democratization in non-democratic regions because freedom, equality, and justice are common values between people that are hidden in democracy nature.

"Only We Committed Genocide? We Are Not That Kind of People": Failed Transitional Justice and Sociopolitical Reconciliation in Former Yugoslavia

31st International Multidisciplinary Conference "Recent Ideas and Research", ISBN 978-1-915312-05-1, Luxembourg University, Maison du Savoir. 18-19 November , 2022

In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive ... more In genocidal war crimes cases, failed transitional justice, ethnonational and socially defensive collective confutation, and generated victimization narratives lead societies into a "new state of conflict." These adverse processes influence the perspective of "positive peace," i.e., unlock the structural factors of "negative peace" and decrease state-building potentials in some former Yugoslavia countries. Consequently, such social and political circumstances prolong the suffering of victims (war survivors, detainees in concentration camps, raped women) and families of deceased and missing victims. Moreover, these methods contain non-violent social-psychological dimensions and are active mechanisms that constitute various social and political agencies. Consequently, such occurrences affect peaceful coexistence and integral assimilation into the EU of Western Balkan nations. Accordingly, raising social awareness and stricter legislation related to the dominant mainstream sociopolitical approach to denying internationally sentenced crimes against humanity and genocide is required. Moreover, the rational and pragmatic approach to collective defensive "victimization" and denial narratives (with periodical ideological-mythological elements) is vital. Additionally, the EU and USA's sincere objectives and support for "democratization, the rule of law and political ethics" in the Western Balkans are required and significant. Furthermore, regionally, how to make universal transitional justice a means of positive peace shift and Reconciliation is imperative. It is a fundamental open question that must achieve global implication and visibility after the lethal 1990s. Thirty years of disputable sociopolitical, legal, and human security progress in the Balkans demonstrate it. Keywords: former Yugoslavia, Crimes against humanity, Genocide denial, Ethnopolitics, Confutation & denial agency, Reconciliation

Sociopolitics, Psychology, And Genocracy of Global Nationalism and Neo-Racism; Peace and Conflict Philosophy

Universal Journal of History and Culture, 2022

The study problematizes the sociological/political/psychological/genetic aspects of neo-racism an... more The study problematizes the sociological/political/psychological/genetic aspects of neo-racism and nationalism and their conflict consequences. It aims to unlock points within peace philosophy and enlightenment. The paper argues that contemporary sociopolitics, as an expression of neoliberalism, globalization, radical nationalism, and supremacy, maintain archaic conflicting ideological, racial antagonistic, and national entity relations, particularly in post-socialist and post-conflict ethnoreligiously controlled societies-Balkans. Racism is a moral and sociopolitical subject significantly related to peace and conflict philosophy normative. Although a liberal conscience can be reassured by the fact that genetics has not found much difference among the peoples of the world, it is irrelevant to the problem of racism. In the sphere of flexibility, it established an association with nationalism. Nationalism initiates and homogenizes the national masses with narratives regarding the threat to national domains or injustices. Neo-racism and nationalism ignore insights into group differentiation; race genetics narratives were scientifically disguised prejudice. Racism can be enforced in regions with zero racial diversity. The significant causes lie within structural mechanisms of conflict, overwhelmed by the ethnonational/ethnoreligious culture of antagonism and fear. Balkan sports racism is correlated with ethnoreligious nationalism. It is deeply rooted in the culture and creation of ethnoreligious homogenous territories and ethnonational radicalism/far-right patterns. The racist and nationalist antagonistic mind can be liberated through enlightenment; one must notice how the national/ethnic/religious mind functions. The peace philosophy seeks to advance human society marked by processes and relations, cooperation, tolerances, mutual arrangements, and parity to resolve violent, non-violent, or ideological conflicts within the liberty of manifestation of individuals and societies. Thus, general civilizational progress. Keywords: Enlightenment, Genocracy, Nationalism & Racism, Peace and Conﬂict, Psychology, Religion, Sociopolitics

INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION AND SCIENCE: Informational, Economic, Educational, Legal, Psychological, Technical and Managerial Aspects

INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION AND SCIENCE: informational, economic, educational, legal, psychological, technical and managerial aspects, Denmark, The Technical University of Denmark - DTU, NGO IESF, ISBN: 9788771848312, 2024

The collective monograph is the result of the generalisation of conceptual work by scientists who... more The collective monograph is the result of the generalisation of conceptual work by scientists who study current topics in fields such as Information Technology, Economics, Education, Law, Psychology, Engineering, and Management, viewed through the lens of innovations in education and science. It is intended for scientists, educators, PhD candidates, master's students, university staff, stakeholders, managers, employees of management bodies at various hierarchical levels, and anyone interested in current issues in Information Technology, Economics, Education, Law, Psychology, Engineering, and Management, all in the context of innovations in education and science.

INNOVATIONS IN THE EDUCATION OF THE FUTURE: INTEGRATION OF HUMANITIES, TECHNICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES

INNOVATIONS IN THE EDUCATION OF THE FUTURE: INTEGRATION OF HUMANITIES, TECHNICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCES, International collective monograph, ISSN 0-745110-169734, Prague, FIT CTU in Prague , 2023

The collective monograph is the result of the generalization of the conceptual work of scientists... more The collective monograph is the result of the generalization of the conceptual work of scientists who consider current topics from such fields of knowledge as: ecology, mathematics, law, psychology, forensics, national security, pedagogy, digital economy, philology, philosophy, road safety, and education.

Populism Reloaded?

Populism Reloaded? ISBN 978-1-915312-08-2, Editors: Bob Barrett, Faruk Hadžić, Ana-Maria Pesterau, Tatjana Vukelić, Revistia Publishing and Research, London, UK, 2024

From a historical perspective, each century has its own notable events. The first two decades of ... more From a historical perspective, each century has its own notable events. The first two decades of the 21st century began with high hopes and advancements in technology for society. However, it also inherited many issues and problems from the previous century and has been faced with global events. Human rights and the environment, specifically climate change, remain ongoing concerns. Efforts to address environmental issues have also highlighted societal issues among individuals and between countries, such as the rise of populism. Populist ideologies, politicians, and religious factions have caused divisions among people, groups, nations, and countries. This has led to labelling, stereotyping, discrimination, and loss of status for some, and has stigmatized people and relationships worldwide. Stigma is also used as a tool in the pursuit of power and control over society, as some individuals and groups strive for social status and to prove their superiority. Stigma can change how people understand facts, shape society, and create new social narratives that affect how society is organized, either positively or negatively. Discourses that are negative can weaken social cohesion, increase racial segregation, and lead to social isolation of certain groups. Different ideologies and perspectives can also lead to societal stigma and discrimination against members of specific groups. People or organizations with distinct ideologies or belief systems may incite others in the community to engage in stigmatization, marginalization, discrimination, or even genocide. Throughout history, there have been many examples of these atrocities. It is crucial to promote and foster an atmosphere of understanding, tolerance, and friendship with a focus on human rights among all nations, racial, and religious groups in society. According to human rights principles, all humans are born free and equal in dignity and rights, and it is essential to respect and protect these rights for all individuals. This can be accomplished through education, awareness campaigns, and fostering a culture of acceptance and inclusivity.

Current Studies in Educational Disciplines

Current Studies in Educational Disciplines, ISBN: 978-605-74825-4-9, International Society for Research in Education and Science (ISRES) Publishing, 2021

This edition includes 6 sections and 14 papers from the fields of Environmental Education, Scie... more This edition includes 6 sections and 14 papers from the fields of
Environmental Education, Science Education, Educational Technology,
Mathematics Education, Assessment in Education and STEM Education.
The purpose of the book is to provide the readers with the opportunity of a scholarly
refereed publication in the fields of education.

"Psychologists for Peace" - Open letter to the President of the Russian Federation Wladimir Putin. "Psychologists for Peace" - Open letter on the war in Ukraine

"Psychologists for Peace" - Open letter to the President of the Russian Federation Wladimir Putin. "Psychologists for Peace" - Open letter on the war in Ukraine. , 2022

"Psychologists for Peace" - Open letter on the war in Ukraine. "Psychologists for Peace" - Open ... more