Papers by Soumendra Nath Thakur
Research Gate , 2023
The exploration of the human brain, mind, and consciousness reveals a complex relationship betwee... more The exploration of the human brain, mind, and consciousness reveals a complex relationship between the tangible and the intangible aspects of human cognition. This text distinguishes between the brain and the mind, drawing an analogy between them and computer hardware and software. While the brain serves as the physical organ associated with the body, the mind is portrayed as the realm of thoughts, emotions, and imagination.
In everyday language, the terms "brain" and "mind" are often used interchangeably, despite their distinct roles. The brain acts as the biological foundation for mental activities, while the mind encompasses processes such as thought, perception, emotion, and memory.
This text underscores the unique cognitive abilities of the human mind, including logical reasoning and problem-solving, enabling humans to interpret their environment and develop practical solutions. It highlights the essential role of the human mind in advancing scientific knowledge, replacing superstitions with empirical explanations for phenomena, including the causes of diseases.
In short, this exploration deepens our understanding of the intricate interplay between the brain and the mind, affirming the mind's pivotal role in human cognition, scientific progress, and the evolution from superstition to knowledge.
Keywords: Human brain, Mind, Consciousness, Brain-mind relationship, Cognitive processes, Logic and reasoning, Scientific advancement, Superstitions, Empirical knowledge, Disease causation, Perception, Thought, Emotion, Memory, Problem-solving,
Guided by the monumental Big Bang theory, this research paper embarks on a captivating exploratio... more Guided by the monumental Big Bang theory, this research paper embarks on a captivating exploration of cosmic vistas, delving into the enigmatic origins of the universe, the enigmatic cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR), and the intricate interplay between observable and non-observable universes. Intricately woven into this cosmic fabric are the pioneering observations of the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE), the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), and the Planck satellite. These scientific sentinels have charted the CMBR's temperature fluctuations, offering windows into the universe's earliest epochs. COBE's revelation of temperature variations in 1992 solidified the Big Bang theory. WMAP, launched in 2001, delved deeper, unraveling the CMBR's anisotropies and refining cosmic parameter measurements. The Planck satellite, soaring into space in 2009, etched precision onto the cosmic canvas, encapsulating the universe's age, composition, and evolutionary trajectory. This narrative unfolds the epic tale of emergence from a minuscule singularity and the subsequent grand cosmic inflation. At the heart of this cosmic odyssey lies the CMBR, a whispered echo from the universe's primordial dawn that unfolds the saga of its early epochs and the daring journey of the first light. The tapestry of time itself is probed, unveiling the temporal intricacies of these realms shaped by phenomena like redshift and the relentless cosmic expansion. Across a 13.8billion-year narrative, our observational prowess extends to reveal galaxies within a 46.5 billion light-year radius-43% visible, 57% veiled. Anchored by elegant mathematical frameworks like Hubble's Law, this journey through cosmic mechanics nurtures the growth of understanding and discovery. An expedition both poetic and scientific, this paper unearths the blueprint of the universe, resonating with themes of curiosity and evolution that span unfathomable eons.
Wavelength dilation due to relativistic effects results in error in the reading of clock time. It... more Wavelength dilation due to relativistic effects results in error in the reading of clock time. It is the phase shift in frequency and corresponding enlargement in wavelength of oscillation; which occurs in any clock, between its relative locations, due to the relativistic effects or difference in gravitational potential, results error in the reading of clock time, wrongfully presented as time dilation.
This study delves into the intricate relationships governing wave dynamics by examining the inter... more This study delves into the intricate relationships governing wave dynamics by examining the interplay among phase, frequency, time, and energy. The research investigates how phase shifts within a wave correspond to changes in time and frequency, unveiling the reciprocal nature of these elements. It explores established equations linking phase to time and frequency, revealing their inverse proportionality and reciprocal dependencies. Furthermore, the research explores the implications of these relationships on energy changes, demonstrating how alterations in frequency influence shifts in energy levels, elucidating fundamental aspects of wave phenomena. Through derived equations and analytical exploration, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the interconnected dynamics shaping wave behavior, shedding light on their fundamental interrelationships and implications across various domains.
This research explores the intricate relationship between gravitational and cosmic redshift pheno... more This research explores the intricate relationship between gravitational and cosmic redshift phenomena, unveiling a profound understanding of how light behaves as it traverses the cosmos. The study begins with an examination of gravitational redshift, a well-established concept occurring when photons move away from massive gravitational sources, such as stars within galaxies. Gravitational redshift, expressed as λ/λ0, manifests within the gravitational influence and extends to the boundary of the observed "zero-gravity sphere" enveloping galaxies. Within this remarkable zero-gravity sphere, gravitational effects persist, while the antigravity influence of dark energy remains negligible. As a result, gravitational redshift dominates, and cosmic redshift is notably absent within the sphere. Photons within this sphere maintain their constant speed 'c' and undergo gravitational redshift exclusively. However, as photons exit the zero-gravity sphere at a distance 'r' equivalent to the source star's radius, they encounter the onset of cosmic redshift, quantified as {(λobs - λemit)/ λemit}. Cosmic redshift blends with gravitational redshift, forming the effective redshift of the photon. Critically, the effective cosmic redshift surpasses gravitational redshift, illuminating a profound revelation: photons traverse a greater "light-traveled distance" than their proper distance from the source. In essence, cosmic redshift signifies that photons move across their intended distances at their intrinsic speed c, while the expanding universe introduces a relative distance expansion, influenced by antigravity. This research delves into the intricate dance between gravitational and cosmic redshift, shedding light on their remarkable implications for our comprehension of the expanding universe.
Relative time emerges from relative frequencies. It is the phase shift in relative frequencies du... more Relative time emerges from relative frequencies. It is the phase shift in relative frequencies due to infinitesimal loss in wave energy and corresponding enlargement in the wavelengths of oscillations; which occur in any clock between relative locations due to the relativistic effects or difference in gravitational potential; result error in the reading of clock time; which is wrongly presented as time dilation.
This paper provides a comprehensive and internally consistent perspective on mathematical concept... more This paper provides a comprehensive and internally consistent perspective on mathematical concepts, particularly focusing on dimensions, numbers, and their abstract nature. The core argument posits that spatial dimensions like length, width, height, or depth, along with numbers like 1 and the concept of (1+1), should be treated as mathematical constructs that exist independently of the physical world. These concepts are examined in their purest form, abstracted from their usual associations with tangible objects or real-world phenomena. The paper underlines the process of constructing and manipulating these mathematical concepts through various operations and rules, all the while emphasizing their abstract and mathematical essence. This argument extends to time, which is regarded as the fourth dimension, akin to spatial dimensions and numbers in terms of being an abstract mathematical entity. This perspective positions time and other mathematical concepts within the realm of abstract mathematical constructs, rather than as concrete, physically grounded entities. In this paper, the significance of isolating these concepts from their real-world applications is highlighted; emphasizing that mathematics operates independently of specific contexts and provides a universal framework for quantification and comprehension. Expert opinions have been sought and, overall, the paper has been praised for its logical consistency
Dimensional analysis is a powerful tool for unraveling the fundamental relationships that govern ... more Dimensional analysis is a powerful tool for unraveling the fundamental relationships that govern the physical world. This paper takes a comprehensive journey through the concept of dimensions, their powers, and the intriguing transitions between them. These dimensions, including length, width, height, and time, are the building blocks of our physical reality. By exploring the shift between lower and higher dimensions, new attributes and powers emerge, enriching our understanding of the cosmos. This study delves into the mathematics behind quantum mechanics and quantum gravity, emphasizing the connections between energy, length scales, and fundamental constants. Notably, it elucidates the role of the fourth dimension, often associated with time. Through careful analysis, this paper demonstrates the prowess of dimensional analysis as a tool to investigate the relationships between dimensions and their significance in mathematical and physical equations. In summary, this work aims to demystify dimensional analysis, presenting its applications, and revealing the insights it offers into the bedrock of the laws governing the universe.
This research endeavors to decode the intricate dynamics of time by shedding light on the pivotal... more This research endeavors to decode the intricate dynamics of time by shedding light on the pivotal role played by phase shift measurement amidst the influences of both relativistic and non-relativistic factors. Time, a fundamental dimension of existence, intertwines with the dynamic nature of waves, and this study explores the essentiality of measuring phase shifts in unraveling a universal phenomenon. Relativistic effects, such as speed and gravitational potential differences, alongside Newtonian influences like mechanical speed, contribute to the nuanced dance of waves. External elements, often overlooked, including heat, magnetic flux, and electromagnetic flux, further enrich the temporal tapestry. The relationship between wavelength distortion and time dynamics, expressed through λ∝T, forms the cornerstone of understanding, revealing how changes in wavelength correspond to shifts in the temporal domain. Crucially, amidst the tapestry of influences, the decisive factor for comprehending time dynamics is identified as the measurement of phase shift-in degrees. This metric consistently represents the corresponding time shift or time distortion, transcending specific external influences. The research provides universal insights into the dynamic interplay of relativistic and nonrelativistic factors, offering a nuanced and comprehensive view of the temporal tapestry that envelops our existence.
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Papers by Soumendra Nath Thakur
In everyday language, the terms "brain" and "mind" are often used interchangeably, despite their distinct roles. The brain acts as the biological foundation for mental activities, while the mind encompasses processes such as thought, perception, emotion, and memory.
This text underscores the unique cognitive abilities of the human mind, including logical reasoning and problem-solving, enabling humans to interpret their environment and develop practical solutions. It highlights the essential role of the human mind in advancing scientific knowledge, replacing superstitions with empirical explanations for phenomena, including the causes of diseases.
In short, this exploration deepens our understanding of the intricate interplay between the brain and the mind, affirming the mind's pivotal role in human cognition, scientific progress, and the evolution from superstition to knowledge.
Keywords: Human brain, Mind, Consciousness, Brain-mind relationship, Cognitive processes, Logic and reasoning, Scientific advancement, Superstitions, Empirical knowledge, Disease causation, Perception, Thought, Emotion, Memory, Problem-solving,
In everyday language, the terms "brain" and "mind" are often used interchangeably, despite their distinct roles. The brain acts as the biological foundation for mental activities, while the mind encompasses processes such as thought, perception, emotion, and memory.
This text underscores the unique cognitive abilities of the human mind, including logical reasoning and problem-solving, enabling humans to interpret their environment and develop practical solutions. It highlights the essential role of the human mind in advancing scientific knowledge, replacing superstitions with empirical explanations for phenomena, including the causes of diseases.
In short, this exploration deepens our understanding of the intricate interplay between the brain and the mind, affirming the mind's pivotal role in human cognition, scientific progress, and the evolution from superstition to knowledge.
Keywords: Human brain, Mind, Consciousness, Brain-mind relationship, Cognitive processes, Logic and reasoning, Scientific advancement, Superstitions, Empirical knowledge, Disease causation, Perception, Thought, Emotion, Memory, Problem-solving,