A multi-level cell (MLC) operation as a 1–3 bit/cell of the FeFET emerging memory is reported by ... more A multi-level cell (MLC) operation as a 1–3 bit/cell of the FeFET emerging memory is reported by utilizing optimized Si doped hafnium oxide (HSO) and hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO) based on ferroelectric laminates. An alumina interlayer was used to achieve the thickness independent of the HSO and HZO-based stack with optimal ferroelectric properties. Various split thicknesses of the HSO and HZO were explored with lamination to increase the FeFET maximum memory window (MW) for a practical MLC operation. A higher MW occurred as the ferroelectric stack thickness increased with lamination. The maximum MW (3.5 V) was obtained for the HZO-based laminate; the FeFETs demonstrated a switching speed (300 ns), 10 years MLC retention, and 104 MLC endurance. The transition from instant switching to increased MLC levels was realized by ferroelectric lamination. This indicated an increased film granularity and a reduced variability through the interruption of ferroelectric columnar grains. The 2–3 ...
Two species of octopuses were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Octpus vulgans and Octo... more Two species of octopuses were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Octpus vulgans and Octopus macropus. The mantle muscles were fixed in absolute ethyl alcohol. DNA was extracted and RAPD-PCR was conducted using 4 primers. The distance morphometric analysis of two species was applied on Arm length, Mantle length, Mantle width and body weight. The estimation of genetic distance was 0.55. In addition, morphometric studies showed no significant difference in mantle length and mantle width in both males and females. On the other hand, Arm length and body weight of 50% of males and females showed significant differences. In conclusion, the result of RAPD-PCR together with the morphometric may suggest that the two species may be two subspecies.
The reproductive characteristics of crabs play an important role in their fisheries management. T... more The reproductive characteristics of crabs play an important role in their fisheries management. The blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus is one of the most commercially important crustaceans distributed along the Egyptian Coast; it has a great demand for their esteemed food. The spawning season of P. pelagicus was estimated based on three parameters: the monthly variation in both the maturity stages and in the gonado-somatic index (GSI) beside the histological examination of the ovarian structure. P. pelagicus was capable of continuous spawning throughout the year, where the mature stage was found to be distributed along the whole year indicating that crabs may be spawn at different times. P. pelagicus spawning mainly takes place twice, January-February (winter period) and June-August (summer period). As the monthly variation in GSI exhibit two distinct peaks in winter and summer. The mean size at which P. pelagicus became potentially reproductive (L m50) was estimated to be 9.32 cm CW for males and 8.45 cm CW for females. To achieve the sustainable utilization, it is recommended to increase the minimum fishing size of this crab to at least 11.0 cm CW to protect the stock biomass and allow young individuals to reach the suitable marketable size.
Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting
The Egyptian cotton sector is considered one of the most important export strategic sectors in Eg... more The Egyptian cotton sector is considered one of the most important export strategic sectors in Egypt, where the Egyptian government takes many agricultural policies that lead to an increase in exports of that crop to foreign markets, as these policies that the government takes have a major impact on the producers of that crop, and this study examined the impact of Agricultural policies on the Egyptian cotton crop, using the policy analysis matrix to know the effect of government policies on the producers of that crop and also the impact of those policies on Egyptian exports of the cotton crop, and the results showed that when comparing the financial and economic performance of the elements of cotton crop production, the financial performance was less than the economic performance on all cost items except workers' wages [1], indicating that the Government is subsidizing cost items, thereby supporting cotton producers. Comparing the average variable costs of cotton during the stud...
The microstructure of ferroelectric hafnium oxide plays a vital role for its application, e.g., n... more The microstructure of ferroelectric hafnium oxide plays a vital role for its application, e.g., non-volatile memories. In this study, transmission Kikuchi diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy STEM techniques are used to compare the crystallographic phase and orientation of Si and Zr doped HfO2 thin films as well as integrated in a 22 nm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) ferroelectric field effect transistor (FeFET). Both HfO2 films showed a predominately orthorhombic phase in accordance with electrical measurements and X-ray diffraction XRD data. Furthermore, a stronger texture is found for the microstructure of the Si doped HfO2 (HSO) thin film, which is attributed to stress conditions inside the film stack during crystallization. For the HSO thin film fabricated in a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) like structure, a different microstructure, with no apparent texture as well as a different fraction of orthorhombic phase is observed. The 22 nm FDSOI Fe...
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)has an oxidative damaging effects and grape seed oil (GSO),... more 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)has an oxidative damaging effects and grape seed oil (GSO), among its protective mechanisms is the antioxidant properties. Objective: to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of dietary GSO against liver and renal cytotoxicity induced by DMBA in the rats. Materials and methods: The experimental animals were divided into four groups, the first group was untreated and used as control, the second was treated for 2 weeks with DMBA alone, the third was treated with DMBA plus GSO for 2 weeks, and the fourth group was treated with GSO after DMBA for 2 weeks. Serum liver enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic acid transaminase (GOT), and total plasma proteins (TP S), albumin and globulins were chosen to assess liver function. Urea and creatinine are measured as some of renal function tests. Results: In comparison with control group, DMBA alone significantly increased the serum level of liver GOT,GPT and LDH enzymes and urea and creatinine levels, while total proteins, albumin and globulin was decreased. GSO plus DMBA had decreased significantly, GOT, GPT and LDH and urea while, creatinine was insignificantly changed, also, it had increased total proteins, albumin and globulin when compared with rats subjected to DMBA alone. Administration of GSO weather plus or after DMBA had increased albumin, but, it is significantly lower than in control rats. Conclusion: Treatment with GSO plus DMBA significantly decreases the changes in some hepatic and renal functions induced by DMBA in rats.
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Objectives: To clarify the relationship between serum leptin level and arterial blood pressure (A... more Objectives: To clarify the relationship between serum leptin level and arterial blood pressure (ABP) and lipid profile in obese and non-obese male subjects. Methods: The present study was performed in Beni Suef University, Faculty of medicine between December 2007 and December 2008. Fasting serum leptin level, arterial blood pressure, lipid profile, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 10 lean normotensive (LN), 10 obese normotensive (ON), 10 lean hypertensive (LH) and 10 obese hypertensive males (OH). Results: In the present study, serum leptin, BMI, and WC were significantly elevated in obese subjects than in lean subjects whether normotensive or hypertensive (P < 0.001). In lean groups, serum leptin level was significantly higher in hypertensive than in normotensive persons (P < 0.001). In all studied subjects, mean ABP was significantly related to serum leptin. In obese groups, and in lean groups, serum leptin was positively correlated with mean ABP and all measured lipid profile parameters except high density lipoprotein (HDL) to which it was negatively correlated. Serum leptin was positively correlated with WC in obese normotensive group, (r =0.657) (p= 0.039), but it was positively correlated with BMI in obese hypertensive group (r =0.675) (p=.032). Conclusion: This study suggested that hyperleptinemia may play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension independently of adiposity and the most correlated parameter to mean ABP among the measured parameters was serum leptin.
Two types of morphologically confused crabs were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Call... more Two types of morphologically confused crabs were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Callinectes spidus and Callinectes ornatus. The carapace of these crabs was first removed, and the abdominal muscles were fixed in absolute ethyl alcohol. DNA was extracted and restricted by three enzymes, and RFLP technique was conducted. Molecular weight, optical density, flowing bands and Gel-Pro-Analyzer technique were also applied. Morphometric analysis of the two species was applied on the carapace width, carapace length and body weight. The estimation of similarity index applied on the two species was 0.59. In addition, morphometric studies showed no significant difference in the body weight and carapace length of all samples of both males and females. On the other hand, the mean width of carapace of 16.7% of the male samples showed significant difference, while the rest of male and female samples (83.3%) showed no significant difference. In conclusion, the result of RFLP together with the morphometric data may suggest that the two studied crabs belong to one species.
and dissected to obtain their eyes and put in suitable fixative. After that, the routine ultrastr... more and dissected to obtain their eyes and put in suitable fixative. After that, the routine ultrastructure techniques were applied for examination of the retina and cornea by the transmission electron microscope. The results revealed that the retina is formed of two layers; the visual cells and the connective tissue. The visual cells contain a small amount of a granular endoplasmic reticulum, rounded mitochondria and oval nuclei with distinct nucleoli. From each four different visual cells, four rhabdomeres united to form a prismatic rhabdome. Examination with higher magnification power showed presence of groups of 8 to 9 lamellated structures that form dense membranes with different lengths. These lamellated structures are similar to the myelin membranes and present in all cells but not connected to the plasma membrane. The cornea is made of three layers; the outer epithelial layer of hexagonal cells that have small mitochondria and oval nuclei. The median thick layer of fibrous connective tissue and the inner endothelium layer of cuboidal cells having small mitochondria and large rounded nuclei.
TiOnanoparticles were synthesized from titanium isopropoxide by a simple peptization method using... more TiOnanoparticles were synthesized from titanium isopropoxide by a simple peptization method using sulfuric, nitric, and acetic acids. The effect of peptizing acid on physicochemical and photocatalytic properties of TiOpowders was studied. The structural properties of synthesized TiOpowders were analyzed by using XRD, TEM, N-physisorption, Raman, DR UV-vis, FTIR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The characterization results showed that acetic acid peptization facilitated the formation of pure anatase phase after thermal treatment at 500 °C; in contrast, nitric acid peptization led to a major rutile phase formation (67%). Interestingly, the sample peptized using sulfuric acid yielded 95% anatase and 5% rutile phases. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized TiOnanoparticles was evaluated for degradation of selected organic dyes (crystal violet, methylene blue, and p-nitrophenol) in aqueous solution. The results confirmed that the TiOsample peptized using nitric acid ...
A multi-level cell (MLC) operation as a 1–3 bit/cell of the FeFET emerging memory is reported by ... more A multi-level cell (MLC) operation as a 1–3 bit/cell of the FeFET emerging memory is reported by utilizing optimized Si doped hafnium oxide (HSO) and hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO) based on ferroelectric laminates. An alumina interlayer was used to achieve the thickness independent of the HSO and HZO-based stack with optimal ferroelectric properties. Various split thicknesses of the HSO and HZO were explored with lamination to increase the FeFET maximum memory window (MW) for a practical MLC operation. A higher MW occurred as the ferroelectric stack thickness increased with lamination. The maximum MW (3.5 V) was obtained for the HZO-based laminate; the FeFETs demonstrated a switching speed (300 ns), 10 years MLC retention, and 104 MLC endurance. The transition from instant switching to increased MLC levels was realized by ferroelectric lamination. This indicated an increased film granularity and a reduced variability through the interruption of ferroelectric columnar grains. The 2–3 ...
Two species of octopuses were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Octpus vulgans and Octo... more Two species of octopuses were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Octpus vulgans and Octopus macropus. The mantle muscles were fixed in absolute ethyl alcohol. DNA was extracted and RAPD-PCR was conducted using 4 primers. The distance morphometric analysis of two species was applied on Arm length, Mantle length, Mantle width and body weight. The estimation of genetic distance was 0.55. In addition, morphometric studies showed no significant difference in mantle length and mantle width in both males and females. On the other hand, Arm length and body weight of 50% of males and females showed significant differences. In conclusion, the result of RAPD-PCR together with the morphometric may suggest that the two species may be two subspecies.
The reproductive characteristics of crabs play an important role in their fisheries management. T... more The reproductive characteristics of crabs play an important role in their fisheries management. The blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus is one of the most commercially important crustaceans distributed along the Egyptian Coast; it has a great demand for their esteemed food. The spawning season of P. pelagicus was estimated based on three parameters: the monthly variation in both the maturity stages and in the gonado-somatic index (GSI) beside the histological examination of the ovarian structure. P. pelagicus was capable of continuous spawning throughout the year, where the mature stage was found to be distributed along the whole year indicating that crabs may be spawn at different times. P. pelagicus spawning mainly takes place twice, January-February (winter period) and June-August (summer period). As the monthly variation in GSI exhibit two distinct peaks in winter and summer. The mean size at which P. pelagicus became potentially reproductive (L m50) was estimated to be 9.32 cm CW for males and 8.45 cm CW for females. To achieve the sustainable utilization, it is recommended to increase the minimum fishing size of this crab to at least 11.0 cm CW to protect the stock biomass and allow young individuals to reach the suitable marketable size.
Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting
The Egyptian cotton sector is considered one of the most important export strategic sectors in Eg... more The Egyptian cotton sector is considered one of the most important export strategic sectors in Egypt, where the Egyptian government takes many agricultural policies that lead to an increase in exports of that crop to foreign markets, as these policies that the government takes have a major impact on the producers of that crop, and this study examined the impact of Agricultural policies on the Egyptian cotton crop, using the policy analysis matrix to know the effect of government policies on the producers of that crop and also the impact of those policies on Egyptian exports of the cotton crop, and the results showed that when comparing the financial and economic performance of the elements of cotton crop production, the financial performance was less than the economic performance on all cost items except workers' wages [1], indicating that the Government is subsidizing cost items, thereby supporting cotton producers. Comparing the average variable costs of cotton during the stud...
The microstructure of ferroelectric hafnium oxide plays a vital role for its application, e.g., n... more The microstructure of ferroelectric hafnium oxide plays a vital role for its application, e.g., non-volatile memories. In this study, transmission Kikuchi diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy STEM techniques are used to compare the crystallographic phase and orientation of Si and Zr doped HfO2 thin films as well as integrated in a 22 nm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) ferroelectric field effect transistor (FeFET). Both HfO2 films showed a predominately orthorhombic phase in accordance with electrical measurements and X-ray diffraction XRD data. Furthermore, a stronger texture is found for the microstructure of the Si doped HfO2 (HSO) thin film, which is attributed to stress conditions inside the film stack during crystallization. For the HSO thin film fabricated in a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) like structure, a different microstructure, with no apparent texture as well as a different fraction of orthorhombic phase is observed. The 22 nm FDSOI Fe...
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)has an oxidative damaging effects and grape seed oil (GSO),... more 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)has an oxidative damaging effects and grape seed oil (GSO), among its protective mechanisms is the antioxidant properties. Objective: to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of dietary GSO against liver and renal cytotoxicity induced by DMBA in the rats. Materials and methods: The experimental animals were divided into four groups, the first group was untreated and used as control, the second was treated for 2 weeks with DMBA alone, the third was treated with DMBA plus GSO for 2 weeks, and the fourth group was treated with GSO after DMBA for 2 weeks. Serum liver enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic acid transaminase (GOT), and total plasma proteins (TP S), albumin and globulins were chosen to assess liver function. Urea and creatinine are measured as some of renal function tests. Results: In comparison with control group, DMBA alone significantly increased the serum level of liver GOT,GPT and LDH enzymes and urea and creatinine levels, while total proteins, albumin and globulin was decreased. GSO plus DMBA had decreased significantly, GOT, GPT and LDH and urea while, creatinine was insignificantly changed, also, it had increased total proteins, albumin and globulin when compared with rats subjected to DMBA alone. Administration of GSO weather plus or after DMBA had increased albumin, but, it is significantly lower than in control rats. Conclusion: Treatment with GSO plus DMBA significantly decreases the changes in some hepatic and renal functions induced by DMBA in rats.
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Objectives: To clarify the relationship between serum leptin level and arterial blood pressure (A... more Objectives: To clarify the relationship between serum leptin level and arterial blood pressure (ABP) and lipid profile in obese and non-obese male subjects. Methods: The present study was performed in Beni Suef University, Faculty of medicine between December 2007 and December 2008. Fasting serum leptin level, arterial blood pressure, lipid profile, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 10 lean normotensive (LN), 10 obese normotensive (ON), 10 lean hypertensive (LH) and 10 obese hypertensive males (OH). Results: In the present study, serum leptin, BMI, and WC were significantly elevated in obese subjects than in lean subjects whether normotensive or hypertensive (P < 0.001). In lean groups, serum leptin level was significantly higher in hypertensive than in normotensive persons (P < 0.001). In all studied subjects, mean ABP was significantly related to serum leptin. In obese groups, and in lean groups, serum leptin was positively correlated with mean ABP and all measured lipid profile parameters except high density lipoprotein (HDL) to which it was negatively correlated. Serum leptin was positively correlated with WC in obese normotensive group, (r =0.657) (p= 0.039), but it was positively correlated with BMI in obese hypertensive group (r =0.675) (p=.032). Conclusion: This study suggested that hyperleptinemia may play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension independently of adiposity and the most correlated parameter to mean ABP among the measured parameters was serum leptin.
Two types of morphologically confused crabs were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Call... more Two types of morphologically confused crabs were collected from Abu Quir, Alexandria, Egypt, Callinectes spidus and Callinectes ornatus. The carapace of these crabs was first removed, and the abdominal muscles were fixed in absolute ethyl alcohol. DNA was extracted and restricted by three enzymes, and RFLP technique was conducted. Molecular weight, optical density, flowing bands and Gel-Pro-Analyzer technique were also applied. Morphometric analysis of the two species was applied on the carapace width, carapace length and body weight. The estimation of similarity index applied on the two species was 0.59. In addition, morphometric studies showed no significant difference in the body weight and carapace length of all samples of both males and females. On the other hand, the mean width of carapace of 16.7% of the male samples showed significant difference, while the rest of male and female samples (83.3%) showed no significant difference. In conclusion, the result of RFLP together with the morphometric data may suggest that the two studied crabs belong to one species.
and dissected to obtain their eyes and put in suitable fixative. After that, the routine ultrastr... more and dissected to obtain their eyes and put in suitable fixative. After that, the routine ultrastructure techniques were applied for examination of the retina and cornea by the transmission electron microscope. The results revealed that the retina is formed of two layers; the visual cells and the connective tissue. The visual cells contain a small amount of a granular endoplasmic reticulum, rounded mitochondria and oval nuclei with distinct nucleoli. From each four different visual cells, four rhabdomeres united to form a prismatic rhabdome. Examination with higher magnification power showed presence of groups of 8 to 9 lamellated structures that form dense membranes with different lengths. These lamellated structures are similar to the myelin membranes and present in all cells but not connected to the plasma membrane. The cornea is made of three layers; the outer epithelial layer of hexagonal cells that have small mitochondria and oval nuclei. The median thick layer of fibrous connective tissue and the inner endothelium layer of cuboidal cells having small mitochondria and large rounded nuclei.
TiOnanoparticles were synthesized from titanium isopropoxide by a simple peptization method using... more TiOnanoparticles were synthesized from titanium isopropoxide by a simple peptization method using sulfuric, nitric, and acetic acids. The effect of peptizing acid on physicochemical and photocatalytic properties of TiOpowders was studied. The structural properties of synthesized TiOpowders were analyzed by using XRD, TEM, N-physisorption, Raman, DR UV-vis, FTIR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The characterization results showed that acetic acid peptization facilitated the formation of pure anatase phase after thermal treatment at 500 °C; in contrast, nitric acid peptization led to a major rutile phase formation (67%). Interestingly, the sample peptized using sulfuric acid yielded 95% anatase and 5% rutile phases. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized TiOnanoparticles was evaluated for degradation of selected organic dyes (crystal violet, methylene blue, and p-nitrophenol) in aqueous solution. The results confirmed that the TiOsample peptized using nitric acid ...
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