Papers by sunday olarewaju
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ is st... more BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ is still one of the leading public health problems, despite advances in the effort to reduce its incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Studies have shown that the prevalence of depression correlated with the severity and duration of tuberculosis. Therefore this study aims to find out the prevalence and pattern of depression among drug-susceptible TB patients to improve treatment outcomes and thereby reduce morbidity and mortality from the disease. METHODOLOGY: The study was a cross-sectional hospital-based survey. Sample size of 333 respondents was calculated using Leslie Fischer's formula (n= z²pq /d²). A multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents. Data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Descriptive analysis was done or all variables. Bivariate and multivariate analy...
Immediate anxiety and depression disorders during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (Covid-19) epidemic among the general population in Nigeria
International Journal of Medicine and Health Development, 2022
Socio-demographic correlates of knowledge, perceived risk and uptake of HIV testing among Nurses in Osogbo, South-western Nigeria
Savannah Journal of Medical Research and Practice, Apr 3, 2024
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 12, 2023
Journal of education, society and behavioural science, Mar 1, 2019
The burden of intimate partner violence in men as victims is under explored in Nigeria and in the... more The burden of intimate partner violence in men as victims is under explored in Nigeria and in the catchment area of the present study. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence pattern and correlates of intimate partner violence among married men as victims in Osogbo metropolis. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Osogbo metropolis between October and December, 2017. Methodology: The study was conducted among 300 consenting married men between the ages of 18 and 65 years in Osogbo metropolis. A multistage sampling technique was used. A questionnaire designed based on literature searches and also adapted from conflicts tactics scale was selfadministered by the respondents. Data was entered into the computer and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Frequency distribution tables, charts and graphs were generated from variables while cross tabulation and test statistics were done where applicable. Chi square was used to compare rates, ratios and proportions while fisher's exact test was used when cells had expected values less than 5. Logistic regression was used to avoid confounding effects. Level of significance was set with P-value less than .05. Results: Majority of the respondents was currently in a monogamous relationship, employed and earns more than 1800 Naira minimum wage. More than half of the respondents had tertiary education and of Christian religion. The mean age of the respondents was 41.92±10.10 years. The prevalence of intimate partner violence was 31%, psychological abuse was 29.3%, physical abuse 14.7% while sexual abuse was 17%. The association between age of respondents, age of respondents' wives, income less than wives' and intimate partner violence was found to be statistically significant. Those whose wives were employed were 4.713 times more likely to have IPV and those who earn less than their wives' were 2.442 times more likely to have IPV. The prevalence of IPV was found to be high among married men. The results of this study have shown the burden of intimate partner violence among married men. This can serve as a baseline for planning intervention. This is also useful in providing part of a data base in Nigeria that may be important for advocating policy reviews.
An Epidemiological Analysis of the Recipients of the First Dose of the First Phase of COVID-19 Vaccination in Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria
West African journal of medicine, Oct 20, 2022
Background: Millions of people across the globe have been infected with coronavirus disease (COVI... more Background: Millions of people across the globe have been infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and many lives have been lost in the process. As a result, vaccines are being developed to protect people from COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the coverage rate for the COVID-19 vaccine in Oyo State. Methods: A descriptive secondary analysis of COVID-19 immunization data was done between March and April 2021. Data were extracted from the original paper format and entered into Excel sheets. Charts and line graphs were plotted to determine the coverage rates. Results: The overall coverage rate for the State was 81.0%. The highest and lowest coverage rates were 243.0% and 39.0% for Ibadan North and Iseyin Local Government Areas (LGAs), respectively. The proportion of female health workers vaccinated in the State was 64.5%. The proportion of male strategic leaders and male frontline workers was 62.5% and 55.7%, respectively. Akinyele and Egbeda LGAs recorded the same highest number of cases (27) of adverse events following immunization (AEFI). Conclusion: The study highlights the high proportion of vaccinated people in the State, while there was a low proportion of vaccinees in some LGAs. Therefore, effort to scale-up coverage across all the LGAs is recommended.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jun 3, 2022
Determining the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception towards COVID-19 among Newly Recruited Surveillance Team in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria: How justified are we in the Recruitment?
West Africa Journal of Medicine
Background: In the current pandemic, real-time analyses of epidemiological data generated from a ... more Background: In the current pandemic, real-time analyses of epidemiological data generated from a reliable source are required for increasing awareness about COVID-19. Therefore, it is important to assess the perception of risk of the surveillance team that would be deployed, as this will contribute to their commitment towards rapid surveillance of COVID-19. Objective: This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and perception towards COVID-19 among newly recruited surveillance team in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, with the respondents being active surveillance volunteers recruited by the World Health Organization. One hundred respondents were purposively recruited and data collection was done using a pretested self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25; bivariate and multivariate analyses were done using Chi-square and binary logistic regression respectively at 5% level of significance. ...
Factors that influence diagnostic delay among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Osogbo, Nigeria
Journal of the Pan African Thoracic Society
Objectives: Delay in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is reportedly common in Nigeria... more Objectives: Delay in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is reportedly common in Nigeria. This results in delayed initiation of treatment and increased spread of the disease. This study assessed diagnostic delay and its influencing factors among pulmonary TB patients who were attending directly observed treatment clinics in Osogbo, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from August to October 2019 in 10 directly observed treatment clinics in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Multistage random sampling was used to select 280 registered TB patients. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Results: Most respondents, that is, 220 (80.3%) were Yoruba, 69 (25.2%) had tertiary education, and 53 (19.3%) had no education at all. Only 135 (49.3%) respondents had good knowledge of pulmonary TB. ...
<strong>Background information: </strong>Covid-19 infection was declared pandemic by ... more <strong>Background information: </strong>Covid-19 infection was declared pandemic by World health Organization on March 11, 2021 in recognition of the widespread global transmission. Compliance with appropriate preventive and control policies instituted by Nigeria Government towards limiting the spread of infection is inuenced by Knowledge and attitude among community members. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge level, attitude and practices towards COVID 19 infection among teaching, non-teaching and students within Osun-State University community. <strong>Methods</strong> Study design: The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design done between months of April and May, 2020 <strong>Study setting: </strong>This study was carried out in Osun State University. The University is a tertiary institution with 6 campuses located in Oshogbo, Ejigbo, Ifetedo, Ikire, Ipetu-Ijesha, and Okuku. <strong>Sample size calcula...
Effects of Health Education on the Knowledge, Perception and Risky Sexual Practices on Hiv/Aids Among Motorcyclist in Osogbo
Public Health, 2008
Health insurance in private and public health facilities in Southwestern Nigeria: what determines clients´ satisfactionwith quality of service?
Pan African Medical Journal, 2022
Additional file 1 of 10-year risk for cardiovascular diseases using WHO prediction chart: findings from the civil servants in South-western Nigeria
Additional file 1.
Background Understanding the risk perception, attitude and vulnerability to Corona Virus infectio... more Background Understanding the risk perception, attitude and vulnerability to Corona Virus infection among community dwellers is important in designing appropriate behavioral change communication programs necessary to stop the spread of this deadly contagious disease. The objective is to assess the risk perception, attitude and community vulnerability to COVID 19 infection among residents of Osogbo, Osun-StateMethodsIt was a cross sectional descriptive study done using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire where 1000 individuals were selected using multistage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out using appropriate test statistics and level of significance set at P less than 0.05. ResultsThe mean age was 38.4±13.9 years with majority been females (60%), married (67.3%), tertiary educational status (59.8% ) Christians (68.1%) and civil servants (33%). Almost all the respondents (99.3%) were aware...
Knowledge and use of tuberculosis treatment guidelines in endemic settings: A cross-sectional study among primary health care workers in Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria
Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2018
BACKGROUND : Many countries including Nigeria adopted WHO guidelines on effective case management... more BACKGROUND : Many countries including Nigeria adopted WHO guidelines on effective case management of tuberculosis among workers at different levels. The aim of this study is to determine familiarity with Standard Treatment Guideline among Primary Health Care Workers in Ogbomoso, Oyo-State METHOD : Descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 233 respondents recruited through multistage sampling technique. Data collected using semi-structured interviewer administered pre-tested questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS version 22 soft ware. Level of significance was pre-determined at P-value less than 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. RESULT : The mean age of respondents was 39.4+3.5 years. Ninety four (40%) inadequate knowledge while 139 (60%) had adequate knowledge score of TB and treatment monitoring Guidelines. Also, 163(70%) and 188 (81%) had favourable attitude and good practices towards using national treatment guideline respectively. Respondents with adequate knowledge were more than twice (2.8) likely to be involved in good practices (P=0.001, OR= 2.82 CI= 1.86- 4.28) while those with favourable attitude were 3 and a half times more likely to be involved in good practices (P=0.001, OR= 3.53 CI= 6.91- 1.79) CONCLUSION : Significant knowledge gaps and unfavourable attitude to TB exist among primary health care workers, stressing the need for more training. KEYWORDS : Tuberculosis, Community Health Extension Workers.
International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2020
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is probably the worst epidemic the world has experienced in r... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is probably the worst epidemic the world has experienced in recent times; it has led to drastic, lifesaving, and extraordinary decisions by governments of nations. Among such extraordinary measures is the closure of international borders leading to the cancellation of air travel by commercial airlines. The carbon emissions from air travel affect global warming. To this end, some authors ranked aircraft as if it were a country and compared the volume of carbon emissions generated by air travel to that generated by countries from other sources. Commercial air travel ranked seventh after Germany in terms of carbon emissions. This policy review, therefore, explored the impact of COVID-19 lockdown and travel restrictions on global warming. As a result of lockdown, there is a likelihood of a significant decrease in carbon emissions and global warming. Assuming the estimated global emissions remain constant annually, an estimated 9 gigatonnes of carbon d...
Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2015
Objectives: In Nigeria, over the years, community beliefs regarding HIV strongly influence stigma... more Objectives: In Nigeria, over the years, community beliefs regarding HIV strongly influence stigma and discrimination experienced by People Living with HIV (PLHIV). Perception about its transmission has led to loss of income/livelihood, loss of marriage & childbearing options, poor care within the health sector, withdrawal of care-giving in the home, loss of hope & feelings of worthlessness as well as loss of reputation in the society. This study assessed community awareness and perception about HIV/AIDS in Osogbo Local Government, Osun State. Materials and Methods: It is a cross sectional descriptive survey. A total of 449 respondents were selected using multi stage sampling technique. Result: Alittle less than half i.e 208 (46.3%) believed that HIV can be transmitted through kissing, and 114 (25.4%) through hugging. One hundred and eleven (24.7%) believed that it is an act of God's punishment. Some respondents, 140(31.2%) believed that infected individuals should not get marrie...
Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2020
Introduction: MDR-TB poses a significant challenge to global management of TB. Laboratories in ma... more Introduction: MDR-TB poses a significant challenge to global management of TB. Laboratories in many countries among which include Nigeria are unable to evaluate drug resistance, and clinical predictors of MDR-TB might help target suspected patients.Method: The study was a cross sectional study design. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 403 tuberculosis patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.Results: Fifty three 53 (13.2%) of the total respondent had MDR-TB compare to national prevalence of 8% which is steeper among males 36(67.9%) (p>0.05). Education and Occupation shows a significant association with MDR-TB, (÷2=24.640, p = 0.007) and (÷2=14.416, p=0.006) respectively, smoking (r=0.074, p<0.05) and alcohol consumption (r=0.083, p>0.05) show no significant association with occurrence MDR-TB.Conclusion: Previous TB treatment and Adherence with treatment regimen were found to be the major risk...
Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2020
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the worl... more Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. This study assessed factors influencing uptake of PCa screening at a popular town in Iseyin, Oyo State.Methods: Relevant information was obtained from 376 participants using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. Respondents were selected through multistage sampling technique Statistical tests such as Chisquare, Fisher's exact test and Student's T-test were performed to duly analyse data obtained.Results: Participants' mean age was 50.2 + 8.0 years with a larger (58. 5 %) proportion of men aged 50 and below. Overall summarized scores on poor knowledge and negative attitude were 42.8 % and 44.7 % respectively. Specific knowledge regarding location of prostate, risk factors and symptoms was as low as 21.0%, 26.3% and 37.2%, respectively. Barely 27.9 %, 19.9 % and 16.2 % knew prostate specific antigen test, digital rectal examination and ultrasound as PC screening techniq...
Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2020
Introduction: In Nigeria, patients accessing Directory Observed Therapy (DOTS) treatment are expo... more Introduction: In Nigeria, patients accessing Directory Observed Therapy (DOTS) treatment are exposed to resistance to anti-TB drugs, hence is considered a priority, only few studies have focused on the relevant risk factors, Factors leading to development of drug resistance need to be understood to develop appropriate control strategies for national programsMethod: The study was a cross sectional study design. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 403 tuberculosis patients in Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State. Data were collected using self-administered structured questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.Results: Fifty three (13.2%) of the total respondent had Multidrug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) which is more among the males 36(67.9%) (p>0.05). Education and Occupation shows a significant association with MDR-TB, (χ2=24.640, p =0.007) and (χ2=14.416, p = 0.006) respectively,risk factors such ...
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Papers by sunday olarewaju