Objective To assess the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimisat... more Objective To assess the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among high school adolescents of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal. Participants We used convenient sampling to enrol 450 adolescents aged 16-19 years from four distinct higher secondary schools in Pokhara Metropolitan City. Outcome measures We administered the Cyberbullying and an Online Aggression Survey to determine the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs. Data were analysed using STATA V.13. Results The 30-day prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation was 14.4% and 19.8%, and the over-the-lifetime prevalence was 24.2% and 42.2%, respectively. Posting mean or hurtful comments online was the most common form of both cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Compared with females, males were more likely to be involved in cyberbullying (adjusted OR (AOR)=13.52; 95% CI: 6.04 to 30.25; p value <0.001) and cyber-victimised (AOR=2.22; 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.73; p value <0.05). Using the internet almost every day was associated with cyberbullying (AOR=9.44; 95% CI: 1.17 to 75.79; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=4.96; 95% CI: 1.06 to 23.18; p value <0.05). Students from urban place of residence were associated with both cyberbullying (AOR=2.45; 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.88; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=1.77; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.05; p value <0.05). The study recommends the implementation of cyber-safety educational programmes, and counselling services including the rational use of internet and periodic screening for cyberbullying in educational institutions. The enforcement of strong anti-bullying policies and regulations could be helpful to combat the health-related consequences of cyberbullying.
Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a global public health issue, particularly in developing c... more Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a global public health issue, particularly in developing countries, including Nepal, where over-the-counter sales and self-medication of antimicrobials are common. To explore knowledge, perceptions, and practices of antimicrobials and their resistance among medicine dispensers and community members in Nepal. The study was conducted in three rural and five urban municipalities of the Kavrepalanchok district from May 2021 to August 2021. Data were collected using two qualitative approaches: In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis that combined deductive and inductive approaches to identify codes under pre-specified themes. A total of 16 In-depth interviews with medicine dispensers and 3 focus group discussions with community members were conducted. Knowledge regarding antimicrobial resistance varied among dispensers. Those with a prior educational background in pharmacy often had good knowledge about the causes and consequences of antimicrobial resistance. Meanwhile, consumers were less aware of antimicrobial resistance. Community members perceived antimicrobials as effective medicines but not long-term solution for treating
Background It is crucial to deliver a child at nearby primary healthcare facilities to prevent su... more Background It is crucial to deliver a child at nearby primary healthcare facilities to prevent subsequent maternal or neonatal complications. In low-resource settings, such as Nepal, it is customary to forgo the neighboring primary healthcare facilities for child delivery. Reports are scanty about the extent and reasons for bypassing local health centers in Nepal. This study sought to determine the prevalence and contributing factors among women bypassing primary healthcare facilities for childbirth. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Devchuli municipality of Nawalparasi East district of Nepal. Utilizing an online data collection tool, structured interviews were conducted among 314 mothers having a child who is less than one year of age. Results This study showed that 58.9% of the respondents chose to bypass their nearest primary healthcare facility to deliver their babies in secondary or tertiary hospitals.
Introduction: Domestic violence (DV) is a substantial danger to pregnant women's physical and... more Introduction: Domestic violence (DV) is a substantial danger to pregnant women's physical and emotional health due to their heightened susceptibility during pregnancy, making it an important problem in public health campaigns. The main aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of domestic violence among pregnant women in Gulmi district. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 192 womens attending ANC visit in the district hospital of Gulmi District. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information related to socio-demographic characteristics and violence related characteristics. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results were presented in frequency and percentage. Results: The prevalence of domestic violence was found to be 24.5%. Among the 47 cases of domestic violence, responses of emotional violence (21.9%) were highest followed by physical violence (18.2%) and sexual violence (10.9%). The majority of the per...
Objective To assess the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimisat... more Objective To assess the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation among high school adolescents of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal. Participants We used convenient sampling to enrol 450 adolescents aged 16-19 years from four distinct higher secondary schools in Pokhara Metropolitan City. Outcome measures We administered the Cyberbullying and an Online Aggression Survey to determine the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs. Data were analysed using STATA V.13. Results The 30-day prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation was 14.4% and 19.8%, and the over-the-lifetime prevalence was 24.2% and 42.2%, respectively. Posting mean or hurtful comments online was the most common form of both cyberbullying and cyber-victimisation. Compared with females, males were more likely to be involved in cyberbullying (adjusted OR (AOR)=13.52; 95% CI: 6.04 to 30.25; p value <0.001) and cyber-victimised (AOR=2.22; 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.73; p value <0.05). Using the internet almost every day was associated with cyberbullying (AOR=9.44; 95% CI: 1.17 to 75.79; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=4.96; 95% CI: 1.06 to 23.18; p value <0.05). Students from urban place of residence were associated with both cyberbullying (AOR=2.45; 95% CI: 1.23 to 4.88; p value <0.05) and cyber-victimisation (AOR=1.77; 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.05; p value <0.05). The study recommends the implementation of cyber-safety educational programmes, and counselling services including the rational use of internet and periodic screening for cyberbullying in educational institutions. The enforcement of strong anti-bullying policies and regulations could be helpful to combat the health-related consequences of cyberbullying.
Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a global public health issue, particularly in developing c... more Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a global public health issue, particularly in developing countries, including Nepal, where over-the-counter sales and self-medication of antimicrobials are common. To explore knowledge, perceptions, and practices of antimicrobials and their resistance among medicine dispensers and community members in Nepal. The study was conducted in three rural and five urban municipalities of the Kavrepalanchok district from May 2021 to August 2021. Data were collected using two qualitative approaches: In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis that combined deductive and inductive approaches to identify codes under pre-specified themes. A total of 16 In-depth interviews with medicine dispensers and 3 focus group discussions with community members were conducted. Knowledge regarding antimicrobial resistance varied among dispensers. Those with a prior educational background in pharmacy often had good knowledge about the causes and consequences of antimicrobial resistance. Meanwhile, consumers were less aware of antimicrobial resistance. Community members perceived antimicrobials as effective medicines but not long-term solution for treating
Background It is crucial to deliver a child at nearby primary healthcare facilities to prevent su... more Background It is crucial to deliver a child at nearby primary healthcare facilities to prevent subsequent maternal or neonatal complications. In low-resource settings, such as Nepal, it is customary to forgo the neighboring primary healthcare facilities for child delivery. Reports are scanty about the extent and reasons for bypassing local health centers in Nepal. This study sought to determine the prevalence and contributing factors among women bypassing primary healthcare facilities for childbirth. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Devchuli municipality of Nawalparasi East district of Nepal. Utilizing an online data collection tool, structured interviews were conducted among 314 mothers having a child who is less than one year of age. Results This study showed that 58.9% of the respondents chose to bypass their nearest primary healthcare facility to deliver their babies in secondary or tertiary hospitals.
Introduction: Domestic violence (DV) is a substantial danger to pregnant women's physical and... more Introduction: Domestic violence (DV) is a substantial danger to pregnant women's physical and emotional health due to their heightened susceptibility during pregnancy, making it an important problem in public health campaigns. The main aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of domestic violence among pregnant women in Gulmi district. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 192 womens attending ANC visit in the district hospital of Gulmi District. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information related to socio-demographic characteristics and violence related characteristics. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results were presented in frequency and percentage. Results: The prevalence of domestic violence was found to be 24.5%. Among the 47 cases of domestic violence, responses of emotional violence (21.9%) were highest followed by physical violence (18.2%) and sexual violence (10.9%). The majority of the per...
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