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san tan

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The Open University

Andreas J Önnerfors

Linnaeus University

Kansas State University

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Ucla

Davide Ermacora

Università degli Studi di Torino

The University of Sydney

Independent Researcher

Sergio Sánchez Collantes

Universidad de Burgos

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

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Papers by san tan

Vinegar fermentation

The completion of this project has required the help and support of numerous people. I would like... more The completion of this project has required the help and support of numerous people. I would like to thank major professor, Dr. Paul W. Wilson, Adjunct professor, Department of Food Science, for the encouragement guidance, patience, and support which he provided throughout the course of this research. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Marlene Jane and Dr. Zhimin Xu for everything that they have done for me and all their help with my research. Thanks also to research associate Ms. Gloria McClure, Dr. Johnson and Dr. Beverly Richelle for their technical assistance and constructive advice in this project. I would also like to thank everyone from the Department of Food Science and Department of Horticulture. You have become like a family to me, and I have enjoyed my time at LSU so much because of you. At the same time, I would like to thank Paul and Bert who helped me on research in the laboratory at Creole Fermentation Incorporated. I would like to thank Foong Ming Koh, my wife and best friend. I am very grateful for meeting you and for our relationship. Your encouragement and understanding is endless and I look forward to sharing many more accomplishments with you in the future. Finally, I want to thank my entire family. Without your help and patience, this would not have been possible. I feel extraordinarily blessed to have such a network of wonderful people in my life. Thank you all for believing in me and helping me reach my goal. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………….ii LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………...v

1SPREAD: Foiling Smart Jammers using Multi-layer Agility

layer agility

Rounding for Set Cover

This lecture introduces the technique of rounding LP relaxations for designing approximation algo... more This lecture introduces the technique of rounding LP relaxations for designing approximation algorithms. We introduce the randomized rounding approach using the set cover problem. The rounding algorithm produces a set cover solution that, with probability almost 1, covers all elements with cost O(ln n) times that of optimal cost. We then present an overview of linear programming. Recall the definition of the set cover problem. Problem 1. Given a universe U = {e 1 ,. .. , e n } of n elements, a collection S of m subsets of U, and a cost function c : S → Q + , the set cover problem seeks a minimum-cost subset of S that covers all elements of U. Here the set cover problem will be put into a linear programming framework. First, let's look at the result, our goal is to minimize the cost of each set. We will allow the variable x to represent the inclusion of each set, where: x s = 1 if set is selected 0 otherwise From this, the linear programming set cover problem can be formulated. N...

A system for integrated measurement of ventilator settings, lung volume change and blood gases during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2003

To describe and validate a system for integrated measurement of ventilator settings and dependent... more To describe and validate a system for integrated measurement of ventilator settings and dependent physiological variables during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). A custom interface was built for data acquisition. Lung volume change was determined by respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP), modified to sampling rates of 140 Hz. Blood gas analysis was obtained using a continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring system. FIO2 was measured by means of an electrochemical sensor. Pressure at the airway opening and trachea (microtip transducer) were sampled. The data acquired were sent to a laptop computer for analysis, display and storage. The system was tested during a lung recruitment procedure in an animal model of respiratory distress. Linearity of the RIP was checked by gas volume injection using a supersyringe. The system operated succesfully. Agreement between RIP-measured volume with injected volume was excellent; bias was 5 ml; limits of agreement were 1-9 ml....

Using telemedicine to support care for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a qualitative analysis of patients’ perspectives

BMJ Open, 2019

ObjectiveTelemedicine has been promoted as an economical and effective way to enhance patient car... more ObjectiveTelemedicine has been promoted as an economical and effective way to enhance patient care, but its acceptance among patients in low-income and middle-income countries is poorly understood. This study is aimed to explore the experiences and perspectives of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus that used telemedicine to manage their condition.DesignIn-depth and focus group interviews were conducted with participants who have engaged in telemedicine. Questions included were participants’ perception on the programme being used, satisfaction as well as engagement with the telemedicine programme. All interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using a thematic approach.Participants and settingPeople with type 2 diabetes (n=48) who participated in a randomised controlled study which examined the use of telemedicine for diabetes management were recruited from 11 primary care clinics located within the Klang Valley.ResultsTwelve focus ...

Comparison of Various Turbulence Models in Rotating Machinery Blade-to-Blade Passages

International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2000

Numerical calculations on four blade passages are done using Q3D Navier-Stokes solver with a simp... more Numerical calculations on four blade passages are done using Q3D Navier-Stokes solver with a simple mixing length turbulence model and two more advanced transport-equation approaches. Mixing length is simple and cheap but crude, while more sophisticated transport approaches are more physical but more expensive. Predicted results using different turbulent models are discussed and compared with the laminar flow and well documented experimental results. Studies show that the model with more transport-equation predicts improved result as it includes the effects of upstream history into the velocity scale.

Type 2 diabetes patient's perspective on Ramadan fasting: a qualitative study

BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2017

We evaluated the beliefs, experience and diabetes management strategies of type 2 diabetes mellit... more We evaluated the beliefs, experience and diabetes management strategies of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Muslim patients that chose to fast during Ramadan. A semistructured focus group interview was conducted with 53 participants with T2DM. Participants were purposefully sampled and asked to share their perspective on Ramadan fasting. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Participants reported optimism towards fasting during Ramadan, as they believed that fasting was beneficial to their overall well-being, and a time for family bonding. Most participants made limited attempts to discuss with their doctors on the decision to fast and self-adjusted their medication based on experience and symptoms during this period. They also reported difficulty in managing their diet, due to fear of hypoglycemia and the collective social aspect of fasting. Muslims are optimistic about their well-being when fasting during Ramadan. Many choose to fulfill...

Telemonitoring in fasting individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during Ramadan: A prospective, randomised controlled study

Scientific Reports, 2017

We determined the impact of a remote blood glucose telemonitoring program with feedback in type 2... more We determined the impact of a remote blood glucose telemonitoring program with feedback in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients fasting during Ramadan compared to conventional self-monitoring method. A twelve-week cluster randomised study, with 85 participants who wish to fast for at least 15 days during Ramadan was conducted. Self-measurement and transmission of blood glucose results were performed six times daily during Ramadan. Results were transmitted to a secure website for review with feedback from case manager if necessary. The control group received usual care. The main outcome was the number of participants experiencing hypoglycaemia during Ramadan and at the end of the study. During Ramadan, the number of participants reporting hypoglycaemia was significantly lower in the telemonitoring group [Odds ratio (OR): 0.186, 95% confidence interval: 0.04–0.936; p = 0.04]. Similarly, the proportion of participants reporting symptomatic hypoglycaemia at the end of the study was signifi...

A study of job selection criteria towards the future career prospect of undergraduates in Malaysia

Strategies to Make Ramadan Fasting Safer in Type 2 Diabetics: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

Medicine, 2016

Ramadan is the holy month for Muslims whereby they fast from predawn to after sunset and is obser... more Ramadan is the holy month for Muslims whereby they fast from predawn to after sunset and is observed by all healthy Muslim adults as well as a large population of type 2 diabetic Muslims.To determine the comparative effectiveness of various strategies that have been used for type 2 diabetic Muslim who fast during Ramadan.A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies (RCT) as well as observational studies for patients with type 2 diabetes who fasted during Ramadan was conducted. Eight databases were searched from January 1980 through October 2015 for relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened and assessed study for eligibility, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted relevant data. A network meta-analysis for each outcome was fitted separately, combining direct and indirect evidence for each comparison.Twenty-nine studies, 16 RCTs and 13 observational studies each met the inclusion criteria. The most common strategy used was drug changes ...

Numerical investigation of turbomachinery flow fields using different turbulence models

ABSTRACT

SPREAD: Foiling Smart Jammers Using Multi-Layer Agility

IEEE INFOCOM 2007 - 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, 2007

In this paper, we address the problem of cross-layer denial of service attack in wireless data ne... more In this paper, we address the problem of cross-layer denial of service attack in wireless data networks. We introduce SPREAD-a novel adaptive diversification approach to provide resiliency against such attacks. SPREAD relies on a mechanismhopping technique, which can be seen as a multi-layer extension of the frequency-hopping technique. We apply a game-theoretic framework for modeling the interaction of the communicating nodes and the adversaries and analyze the proposed approach. We reason about the advantages of SPREAD against various types of jammers and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in the case of IEEE 802.11 protocol stack by studying the EIFS attack, periodical jamming and a Packet-Size Game. As an example, we show that mechanism-hopping over two instances of IEEE 802.11 can achieve several orders of magnitude gain in throughput over a single-instance network under the EIFS attack.

Hemodynamic analysis of patient-specific coronary artery tree

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 2015

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been th... more

Preparation and properties of antibacterial TiO2@C/Ag core–shell composite

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2009

An environment-friendly hydrothermal method was used to prepare TiO 2 @C core-shell composite usi... more An environment-friendly hydrothermal method was used to prepare TiO 2 @C core-shell composite using TiO 2 as core and sucrose as carbon source. TiO 2 @C served as a support for the immobilization of Ag by impregnation in silver nitrate aqueous solution. The chemical structures and morphologies of TiO 2 @C and TiO 2 @C/Ag composite were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The antibacterial properties of the TiO 2 @C/Ag core-shell composite against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were examined by the viable cell counting method. The results indicate that silver supported on the surface of TiO 2 @C shows excellent antibacterial activity.

2‐D DIGE profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues identified isoforms of far upstream binding protein (FUBP) as novel candidates in liver carcinogenesis

PROTEOMICS, 2008

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer worldwide and is often characterized by... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer worldwide and is often characterized by aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis. One of the major etiologies is hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV) infections. In order to better comprehend the molecular mechanisms involved in HCC progression, we performed a systematic analysis on moderately and poorly differentiated human HCC tissues using 2‐D DIGE coupled to MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS. A total of 52 and 26 proteins were found to be dysregulated in moderately and poorly differentiated HCC tissues, respectively. For the first time, the over‐expression of a novel protein family, far upstream binding proteins (FUBPs) was identified in both stages of HCC and confirmed by western blots. FUBPs are of particular interest due to their transcriptional activity on the oncogene, c‐myc. It has generally been accepted that c‐myc plays an important role in HCC progression but its exact activators remain poorly understood. Interestingly, we a...

Computation of Three-Dimensional Developing Pressure-Driven Liquid Flow in a Microchannel with Edl Effect

Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2004

Advances in miniature fabrication technology have allowed the possibilities of using microchannel... more Advances in miniature fabrication technology have allowed the possibilities of using microchannels in ultracompact, very efficient heat exchangers, which capitalize on the large surface area-to-volume ratio of the channels, to transport high heat fluxes with small thermal resistance. This article describes a developing flow model by using 3-D Navier-stoke equations with flow pressure as a driving force to simulate the

Numerical Analysis of EDL Effect on Heat Transfer Characteristic of 3-D Developing Flow in a Microchannel

Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2006

It has been suggested that microchannels are very effective heat transfer devices. However, the e... more It has been suggested that microchannels are very effective heat transfer devices. However, the electrical double layer (EDL) effect in microchannels is suspected to be significant. In this article, two EDL models together with Navier-Stokes equations are used to compute 3-D developing microchannel flow. The Poisson-Boltzmann model (PBM) has been shown to be a promising tool in studying the EDL effect for developed microchannel flow, with acceptable accuracy and efficiency. However, it has been reported that the assumption of Boltzmann distribution in the PBM for electric ion concentration distribution is questionable in the developing flow. The Nernst-Planck model (NPM), with its two extra partial differential equations (PDEs), to predict the ion concentration distribution has been suggested to be a more appropriate model for developing microchannel flow, but more RAM and CPU are needed as compared to the PBM. The governing equations for both models are discretized for developing rectangular microchannel flows in Cartesian coordinates. An additional source term, which is related to the electric potential resulting from the EDL effect is introduced in the conventional z-axis momentum equation as a body force, thereby modifying the flow characteristics. A finite-volume scheme is used to solve the PDEs. The results predicted by both EDL models with and without EDL effects are shown. It is concluded that the differences in heat transfer performance of a microchannel predicted using the two models are insignificant. However, the performance of the microchannel is significantly affected by the EDL effect.

Computational studies of the EDL effect in 3-D developing flow in microchannel

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2006

Electric double layer (EDL) effect has been proven to have significant effect in microchannel. Ho... more Electric double layer (EDL) effect has been proven to have significant effect in microchannel. However most of models were based on 2-D flow, the first analysis on EDL effect on 3-D flow field was reported by Tan and Ng. In this paper, one of 3-D effects, which are the aspect ratio on the microchannel with EDL, will be shown and discussed. Parameters such as friction coefficient, fRe and Nusselt Number, Nu were used to determine the performance microchannel. Nernst and Plank model was used here to model the EDL effect. It is found that in decreasing of aspect ratio, the values of fRe increase. It is also concluded that the decrease in aspect ratio is resulted with an increase in the Nu values.

Left Ventricular Functional Indices Based on Left Ventricular Elastances and Shape Factor

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 2007

This study characterizes left ventricular function in terms of passive and active elastances (Ep ... more This study characterizes left ventricular function in terms of passive and active elastances (Ep & Ea) and shape factor index. Both the active elastance and shape factor indices can be employed as contractility indices. The work also demonstrates how Ep and Ea can explain LV pressure dynamics in terms of LV volume dynamics.

Numerical Studies of Developing Flow in Microchannel

International Journal of Computational Engineering Science, 2003

Microchannels have the potential to be ultra compact, very efficient heat exchangers, which capit... more Microchannels have the potential to be ultra compact, very efficient heat exchangers, which capitalize on the large surface area to volume ratio of the channels, to transport high heat fluxes with small thermal resistance. This paper describes a 3-D developing flow model by using Navier stoke equations with electric double layer (EDL) effect to model the flow field in microchannel. The electric potential distribution is simulated using a Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Results comparing the performances of the microchannel under different nondimensionalized electric potential are shown and discussed. Nusselt numbers for each case such as with or without EDL effect is also calculated; so that the actual effectiveness of the micro-channel can be understand.

Vinegar fermentation

The completion of this project has required the help and support of numerous people. I would like... more The completion of this project has required the help and support of numerous people. I would like to thank major professor, Dr. Paul W. Wilson, Adjunct professor, Department of Food Science, for the encouragement guidance, patience, and support which he provided throughout the course of this research. I would also like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Marlene Jane and Dr. Zhimin Xu for everything that they have done for me and all their help with my research. Thanks also to research associate Ms. Gloria McClure, Dr. Johnson and Dr. Beverly Richelle for their technical assistance and constructive advice in this project. I would also like to thank everyone from the Department of Food Science and Department of Horticulture. You have become like a family to me, and I have enjoyed my time at LSU so much because of you. At the same time, I would like to thank Paul and Bert who helped me on research in the laboratory at Creole Fermentation Incorporated. I would like to thank Foong Ming Koh, my wife and best friend. I am very grateful for meeting you and for our relationship. Your encouragement and understanding is endless and I look forward to sharing many more accomplishments with you in the future. Finally, I want to thank my entire family. Without your help and patience, this would not have been possible. I feel extraordinarily blessed to have such a network of wonderful people in my life. Thank you all for believing in me and helping me reach my goal. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………….ii LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………...v

1SPREAD: Foiling Smart Jammers using Multi-layer Agility

layer agility

Rounding for Set Cover

This lecture introduces the technique of rounding LP relaxations for designing approximation algo... more This lecture introduces the technique of rounding LP relaxations for designing approximation algorithms. We introduce the randomized rounding approach using the set cover problem. The rounding algorithm produces a set cover solution that, with probability almost 1, covers all elements with cost O(ln n) times that of optimal cost. We then present an overview of linear programming. Recall the definition of the set cover problem. Problem 1. Given a universe U = {e 1 ,. .. , e n } of n elements, a collection S of m subsets of U, and a cost function c : S → Q + , the set cover problem seeks a minimum-cost subset of S that covers all elements of U. Here the set cover problem will be put into a linear programming framework. First, let's look at the result, our goal is to minimize the cost of each set. We will allow the variable x to represent the inclusion of each set, where: x s = 1 if set is selected 0 otherwise From this, the linear programming set cover problem can be formulated. N...

A system for integrated measurement of ventilator settings, lung volume change and blood gases during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation

Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2003

To describe and validate a system for integrated measurement of ventilator settings and dependent... more To describe and validate a system for integrated measurement of ventilator settings and dependent physiological variables during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). A custom interface was built for data acquisition. Lung volume change was determined by respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP), modified to sampling rates of 140 Hz. Blood gas analysis was obtained using a continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring system. FIO2 was measured by means of an electrochemical sensor. Pressure at the airway opening and trachea (microtip transducer) were sampled. The data acquired were sent to a laptop computer for analysis, display and storage. The system was tested during a lung recruitment procedure in an animal model of respiratory distress. Linearity of the RIP was checked by gas volume injection using a supersyringe. The system operated succesfully. Agreement between RIP-measured volume with injected volume was excellent; bias was 5 ml; limits of agreement were 1-9 ml....

Using telemedicine to support care for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a qualitative analysis of patients’ perspectives

BMJ Open, 2019

ObjectiveTelemedicine has been promoted as an economical and effective way to enhance patient car... more ObjectiveTelemedicine has been promoted as an economical and effective way to enhance patient care, but its acceptance among patients in low-income and middle-income countries is poorly understood. This study is aimed to explore the experiences and perspectives of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus that used telemedicine to manage their condition.DesignIn-depth and focus group interviews were conducted with participants who have engaged in telemedicine. Questions included were participants’ perception on the programme being used, satisfaction as well as engagement with the telemedicine programme. All interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using a thematic approach.Participants and settingPeople with type 2 diabetes (n=48) who participated in a randomised controlled study which examined the use of telemedicine for diabetes management were recruited from 11 primary care clinics located within the Klang Valley.ResultsTwelve focus ...

Comparison of Various Turbulence Models in Rotating Machinery Blade-to-Blade Passages

International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2000

Numerical calculations on four blade passages are done using Q3D Navier-Stokes solver with a simp... more Numerical calculations on four blade passages are done using Q3D Navier-Stokes solver with a simple mixing length turbulence model and two more advanced transport-equation approaches. Mixing length is simple and cheap but crude, while more sophisticated transport approaches are more physical but more expensive. Predicted results using different turbulent models are discussed and compared with the laminar flow and well documented experimental results. Studies show that the model with more transport-equation predicts improved result as it includes the effects of upstream history into the velocity scale.

Type 2 diabetes patient's perspective on Ramadan fasting: a qualitative study

BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2017

We evaluated the beliefs, experience and diabetes management strategies of type 2 diabetes mellit... more We evaluated the beliefs, experience and diabetes management strategies of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Muslim patients that chose to fast during Ramadan. A semistructured focus group interview was conducted with 53 participants with T2DM. Participants were purposefully sampled and asked to share their perspective on Ramadan fasting. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Participants reported optimism towards fasting during Ramadan, as they believed that fasting was beneficial to their overall well-being, and a time for family bonding. Most participants made limited attempts to discuss with their doctors on the decision to fast and self-adjusted their medication based on experience and symptoms during this period. They also reported difficulty in managing their diet, due to fear of hypoglycemia and the collective social aspect of fasting. Muslims are optimistic about their well-being when fasting during Ramadan. Many choose to fulfill...

Telemonitoring in fasting individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus during Ramadan: A prospective, randomised controlled study

Scientific Reports, 2017

We determined the impact of a remote blood glucose telemonitoring program with feedback in type 2... more We determined the impact of a remote blood glucose telemonitoring program with feedback in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients fasting during Ramadan compared to conventional self-monitoring method. A twelve-week cluster randomised study, with 85 participants who wish to fast for at least 15 days during Ramadan was conducted. Self-measurement and transmission of blood glucose results were performed six times daily during Ramadan. Results were transmitted to a secure website for review with feedback from case manager if necessary. The control group received usual care. The main outcome was the number of participants experiencing hypoglycaemia during Ramadan and at the end of the study. During Ramadan, the number of participants reporting hypoglycaemia was significantly lower in the telemonitoring group [Odds ratio (OR): 0.186, 95% confidence interval: 0.04–0.936; p = 0.04]. Similarly, the proportion of participants reporting symptomatic hypoglycaemia at the end of the study was signifi...

A study of job selection criteria towards the future career prospect of undergraduates in Malaysia

Strategies to Make Ramadan Fasting Safer in Type 2 Diabetics: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

Medicine, 2016

Ramadan is the holy month for Muslims whereby they fast from predawn to after sunset and is obser... more Ramadan is the holy month for Muslims whereby they fast from predawn to after sunset and is observed by all healthy Muslim adults as well as a large population of type 2 diabetic Muslims.To determine the comparative effectiveness of various strategies that have been used for type 2 diabetic Muslim who fast during Ramadan.A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies (RCT) as well as observational studies for patients with type 2 diabetes who fasted during Ramadan was conducted. Eight databases were searched from January 1980 through October 2015 for relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened and assessed study for eligibility, assessed the risk of bias, and extracted relevant data. A network meta-analysis for each outcome was fitted separately, combining direct and indirect evidence for each comparison.Twenty-nine studies, 16 RCTs and 13 observational studies each met the inclusion criteria. The most common strategy used was drug changes ...

Numerical investigation of turbomachinery flow fields using different turbulence models

ABSTRACT

SPREAD: Foiling Smart Jammers Using Multi-Layer Agility

IEEE INFOCOM 2007 - 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, 2007

In this paper, we address the problem of cross-layer denial of service attack in wireless data ne... more In this paper, we address the problem of cross-layer denial of service attack in wireless data networks. We introduce SPREAD-a novel adaptive diversification approach to provide resiliency against such attacks. SPREAD relies on a mechanismhopping technique, which can be seen as a multi-layer extension of the frequency-hopping technique. We apply a game-theoretic framework for modeling the interaction of the communicating nodes and the adversaries and analyze the proposed approach. We reason about the advantages of SPREAD against various types of jammers and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in the case of IEEE 802.11 protocol stack by studying the EIFS attack, periodical jamming and a Packet-Size Game. As an example, we show that mechanism-hopping over two instances of IEEE 802.11 can achieve several orders of magnitude gain in throughput over a single-instance network under the EIFS attack.

Hemodynamic analysis of patient-specific coronary artery tree

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 2015

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been th... more

Preparation and properties of antibacterial TiO2@C/Ag core–shell composite

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2009

An environment-friendly hydrothermal method was used to prepare TiO 2 @C core-shell composite usi... more An environment-friendly hydrothermal method was used to prepare TiO 2 @C core-shell composite using TiO 2 as core and sucrose as carbon source. TiO 2 @C served as a support for the immobilization of Ag by impregnation in silver nitrate aqueous solution. The chemical structures and morphologies of TiO 2 @C and TiO 2 @C/Ag composite were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The antibacterial properties of the TiO 2 @C/Ag core-shell composite against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were examined by the viable cell counting method. The results indicate that silver supported on the surface of TiO 2 @C shows excellent antibacterial activity.

2‐D DIGE profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues identified isoforms of far upstream binding protein (FUBP) as novel candidates in liver carcinogenesis

PROTEOMICS, 2008

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer worldwide and is often characterized by... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer worldwide and is often characterized by aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis. One of the major etiologies is hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV) infections. In order to better comprehend the molecular mechanisms involved in HCC progression, we performed a systematic analysis on moderately and poorly differentiated human HCC tissues using 2‐D DIGE coupled to MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS. A total of 52 and 26 proteins were found to be dysregulated in moderately and poorly differentiated HCC tissues, respectively. For the first time, the over‐expression of a novel protein family, far upstream binding proteins (FUBPs) was identified in both stages of HCC and confirmed by western blots. FUBPs are of particular interest due to their transcriptional activity on the oncogene, c‐myc. It has generally been accepted that c‐myc plays an important role in HCC progression but its exact activators remain poorly understood. Interestingly, we a...

Computation of Three-Dimensional Developing Pressure-Driven Liquid Flow in a Microchannel with Edl Effect

Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2004

Advances in miniature fabrication technology have allowed the possibilities of using microchannel... more Advances in miniature fabrication technology have allowed the possibilities of using microchannels in ultracompact, very efficient heat exchangers, which capitalize on the large surface area-to-volume ratio of the channels, to transport high heat fluxes with small thermal resistance. This article describes a developing flow model by using 3-D Navier-stoke equations with flow pressure as a driving force to simulate the

Numerical Analysis of EDL Effect on Heat Transfer Characteristic of 3-D Developing Flow in a Microchannel

Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2006

It has been suggested that microchannels are very effective heat transfer devices. However, the e... more It has been suggested that microchannels are very effective heat transfer devices. However, the electrical double layer (EDL) effect in microchannels is suspected to be significant. In this article, two EDL models together with Navier-Stokes equations are used to compute 3-D developing microchannel flow. The Poisson-Boltzmann model (PBM) has been shown to be a promising tool in studying the EDL effect for developed microchannel flow, with acceptable accuracy and efficiency. However, it has been reported that the assumption of Boltzmann distribution in the PBM for electric ion concentration distribution is questionable in the developing flow. The Nernst-Planck model (NPM), with its two extra partial differential equations (PDEs), to predict the ion concentration distribution has been suggested to be a more appropriate model for developing microchannel flow, but more RAM and CPU are needed as compared to the PBM. The governing equations for both models are discretized for developing rectangular microchannel flows in Cartesian coordinates. An additional source term, which is related to the electric potential resulting from the EDL effect is introduced in the conventional z-axis momentum equation as a body force, thereby modifying the flow characteristics. A finite-volume scheme is used to solve the PDEs. The results predicted by both EDL models with and without EDL effects are shown. It is concluded that the differences in heat transfer performance of a microchannel predicted using the two models are insignificant. However, the performance of the microchannel is significantly affected by the EDL effect.

Computational studies of the EDL effect in 3-D developing flow in microchannel

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2006

Electric double layer (EDL) effect has been proven to have significant effect in microchannel. Ho... more Electric double layer (EDL) effect has been proven to have significant effect in microchannel. However most of models were based on 2-D flow, the first analysis on EDL effect on 3-D flow field was reported by Tan and Ng. In this paper, one of 3-D effects, which are the aspect ratio on the microchannel with EDL, will be shown and discussed. Parameters such as friction coefficient, fRe and Nusselt Number, Nu were used to determine the performance microchannel. Nernst and Plank model was used here to model the EDL effect. It is found that in decreasing of aspect ratio, the values of fRe increase. It is also concluded that the decrease in aspect ratio is resulted with an increase in the Nu values.

Left Ventricular Functional Indices Based on Left Ventricular Elastances and Shape Factor

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 2007

This study characterizes left ventricular function in terms of passive and active elastances (Ep ... more This study characterizes left ventricular function in terms of passive and active elastances (Ep & Ea) and shape factor index. Both the active elastance and shape factor indices can be employed as contractility indices. The work also demonstrates how Ep and Ea can explain LV pressure dynamics in terms of LV volume dynamics.

Numerical Studies of Developing Flow in Microchannel

International Journal of Computational Engineering Science, 2003

Microchannels have the potential to be ultra compact, very efficient heat exchangers, which capit... more Microchannels have the potential to be ultra compact, very efficient heat exchangers, which capitalize on the large surface area to volume ratio of the channels, to transport high heat fluxes with small thermal resistance. This paper describes a 3-D developing flow model by using Navier stoke equations with electric double layer (EDL) effect to model the flow field in microchannel. The electric potential distribution is simulated using a Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Results comparing the performances of the microchannel under different nondimensionalized electric potential are shown and discussed. Nusselt numbers for each case such as with or without EDL effect is also calculated; so that the actual effectiveness of the micro-channel can be understand.