Context: Cajanus cajan L. (Fabaceae), a food crop, is widely used in traditional medicine. Object... more Context: Cajanus cajan L. (Fabaceae), a food crop, is widely used in traditional medicine. Objectives: The phytochemical composition of C. cajan seeds and evaluation of the antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities were studied. Materials and methods: Unsaponifiable matter and fatty acids were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The n-butanol fraction was chromatographed on polyamide column. The anti-inflammatory activity of hexane extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema at 1, 2, and 3 h. The serum tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6, and immunoglobulin G levels were detected by ELISA. The hexane extract antinociceptive activity was determined by adopting the writhing test in mice. DPPH radical scavenging, total reduction capability, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of butanol fraction were evaluated. Results and conclusion: Twenty-one unsaponifiable compounds (mainly phytol, 2,6-di-(t-butyl)-4hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one, b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol), as well as 12 fatty acids (primarily 9,12-octadecadienoic and palmitic acids) were identified in hexane extract of C. cajan seeds. n-BuOH fraction contains quercetin-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, orientin, vitexin, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, and isorhamnetin. For the first time, quercetin-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside is isolated from C. cajan plant. The hexane extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) inhibited carrageenaninduced inflammation by 85 and 95%, respectively, 3 h post-carrageenan challenge. This was accompanied by an 11 and 20%, 8 and 13%, respectively, decrease of TNF-a and IL-6, as well as significant decrease in IgG serum levels. Moreover, hexane extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) decreased the number of writhings by 61 and 83%, respectively. The butanol fraction showed DPPH radical scavenging (inhibitory concentration (IC 50) value: 9.07 mg/ml).
Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, 2012
Numerical computations from X-ray micro-computed tomography (MCT) images yield dynamic flow, petr... more Numerical computations from X-ray micro-computed tomography (MCT) images yield dynamic flow, petrophysical, and elastic properties which are conventionally obtained from subsurface logs or laboratory measurements on core plugs. These Digital Rock Property (DRP) determinations in most cases have significant advantages in accelerated turnaround time and lower cost, and in the non-destructive nature of the process. Despite these advantages, several limitations prevent this otherwise promising new field from replacing conventional laboratory measurements. Two primary ones are in the areas of gray scale image segmentation, and extrapolation of properties computed at small sample sizes to larger sizes at which laboratory measurements are made, These limitations are particularly severe for carbonate reservoirs, where pore types and pore networks have greater heterogeneity and complexity than exist in clastic rocks. This paper focuses on digital texture analysis and classification of MCT im...
Context: Cajanus cajan L. (Fabaceae), a food crop, is widely used in traditional medicine. Object... more Context: Cajanus cajan L. (Fabaceae), a food crop, is widely used in traditional medicine. Objectives: The phytochemical composition of C. cajan seeds and evaluation of the antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities were studied. Materials and methods: Unsaponifiable matter and fatty acids were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The n-butanol fraction was chromatographed on polyamide column. The anti-inflammatory activity of hexane extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema at 1, 2, and 3 h. The serum tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-6, and immunoglobulin G levels were detected by ELISA. The hexane extract antinociceptive activity was determined by adopting the writhing test in mice. DPPH radical scavenging, total reduction capability, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of butanol fraction were evaluated. Results and conclusion: Twenty-one unsaponifiable compounds (mainly phytol, 2,6-di-(t-butyl)-4hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one, b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol), as well as 12 fatty acids (primarily 9,12-octadecadienoic and palmitic acids) were identified in hexane extract of C. cajan seeds. n-BuOH fraction contains quercetin-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, orientin, vitexin, quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, and isorhamnetin. For the first time, quercetin-3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside is isolated from C. cajan plant. The hexane extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) inhibited carrageenaninduced inflammation by 85 and 95%, respectively, 3 h post-carrageenan challenge. This was accompanied by an 11 and 20%, 8 and 13%, respectively, decrease of TNF-a and IL-6, as well as significant decrease in IgG serum levels. Moreover, hexane extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) decreased the number of writhings by 61 and 83%, respectively. The butanol fraction showed DPPH radical scavenging (inhibitory concentration (IC 50) value: 9.07 mg/ml).
Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, 2012
Numerical computations from X-ray micro-computed tomography (MCT) images yield dynamic flow, petr... more Numerical computations from X-ray micro-computed tomography (MCT) images yield dynamic flow, petrophysical, and elastic properties which are conventionally obtained from subsurface logs or laboratory measurements on core plugs. These Digital Rock Property (DRP) determinations in most cases have significant advantages in accelerated turnaround time and lower cost, and in the non-destructive nature of the process. Despite these advantages, several limitations prevent this otherwise promising new field from replacing conventional laboratory measurements. Two primary ones are in the areas of gray scale image segmentation, and extrapolation of properties computed at small sample sizes to larger sizes at which laboratory measurements are made, These limitations are particularly severe for carbonate reservoirs, where pore types and pore networks have greater heterogeneity and complexity than exist in clastic rocks. This paper focuses on digital texture analysis and classification of MCT im...
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