Abiotic Stress in Plants - Adaptations to Climate Change [Working Title]
The intense agricultural and human being activities, especially after the industrialization era, ... more The intense agricultural and human being activities, especially after the industrialization era, have increased the CO2 concentration, which led to changes in the global climate. Climate change and its consequences, that is, elevated CO2, water stress, and extreme temperatures, have induced many biotic and abiotic stresses and have caused alterations in plant physiology, leading to a reduced photosynthetic capacity of plants. Photosynthesis is the most crucial biochemical process in plants that determines the final dry matter production and productivity of plants. The efficiency and status of the photosynthetic apparatus can be measured by the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence are easy, non-destructive, and quick, and it reflects changes in the general bioenergy status of a plant. Studies have indicated that abiotic stresses emerging from climate changes cause changes in the biological processes of plants and damage the internal struct...
In this experiment, wheat plants were exposed to drought stress during seed development and then ... more In this experiment, wheat plants were exposed to drought stress during seed development and then we worked on the obtained seeds. The seed mitochondrial ultra-structure, and antioxidant enzymes in seedling were investigated after exposure to seed accelerated ageing. Drought stress during seed development induced some changes in mitochondrial ultra-structure. Encountering seed development to drought stress decreased antioxidant enzymes activity but increased H2O2 in the seedling. Seed accelerated ageing declined antioxidant enzyme activity but increased malondialdehyde. Also, mitochondrial ultra-structure showed heavy damage after accelerated ageing. Most damages in mitochondrial ultra-structure were observed in the seeds obtained from drought-stressed plants then exposed to accelerated ageing. A swollen form of mitochondria with less crista was observed in the seeds that were exposed to accelerated ageing. Damage to mitochondria may be the main cause for seed ageing. However, the ac...
The present work was carried out to reveal the effects of late-season drought stress on the seed ... more The present work was carried out to reveal the effects of late-season drought stress on the seed antioxidant potential and deterioration. In the field, two irrigation regimes were applied (control and late-season drought). Produced seeds were subjected to accelerated ageing (40 ± 2°C, 100% RH for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) and then a standard germination test. Seed germination was decreased by drought. Accelerated ageing decreased germination of seeds from both control and drought-stressed plants. Late-season drought, increased seed deterioration susceptibility according to malondialdehyde content and electrical conductivity tests. There was a negative correlation between germination and electrical conductivity as well as malondialdehyde content. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities decreased continuously with increasing ageing period. However, accelerated ageing increased the monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase. Activities of peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and APX were higher in the seeds from drought-stressed plants than in the control ones. Ascorbate / dehydroascorbate and reduced glutathione / oxidised glutathione ratios was decreased by the late-season drought. Total ascorbate was lower in the seeds from control plants than stressed ones. All accelerated ageing levels except 24 hours, increased total ascorbate in the drought-stressed seeds. Total glutathione content had a negative trend with increase in the duration of accelerated ageing. The results suggest a relationship between seed deterioration in seeds from both control and drought-stressed plants with a decrease in important reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes (except peroxidase) and an increase in lipid peroxidation.
This study attempted to examine the effect of seed priming using plant growth regulators and vita... more This study attempted to examine the effect of seed priming using plant growth regulators and vitamin C on the physiological traits of non-aged and aged seeds of wheat and their obtained seedlings. Accelerated aging (AA) method (40°C, RH=100% for 72h) was used for aging seeds. The seeds were pre-treated by gibberellin (GA), salicylic acid (SA), brassinosteroid (BR), and ascorbic acid (AS). Some seed traits such as germination and electric conductivity (EC) and seedling traits such as malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activity of some antioxidant enzymes, soluble protein content (SP), soluble sugar (SS), and proline were measured seven days after germination. The results showed that accelerated aging of seeds reduces the germination percentage and speed, increases soluble sugar, and reduces soluble protein, activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the seedling. Pre-treatment of the aged seed by GA had the maximum positive impact on seed germination a...
Abiotic Stress in Plants - Adaptations to Climate Change [Working Title]
The intense agricultural and human being activities, especially after the industrialization era, ... more The intense agricultural and human being activities, especially after the industrialization era, have increased the CO2 concentration, which led to changes in the global climate. Climate change and its consequences, that is, elevated CO2, water stress, and extreme temperatures, have induced many biotic and abiotic stresses and have caused alterations in plant physiology, leading to a reduced photosynthetic capacity of plants. Photosynthesis is the most crucial biochemical process in plants that determines the final dry matter production and productivity of plants. The efficiency and status of the photosynthetic apparatus can be measured by the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence are easy, non-destructive, and quick, and it reflects changes in the general bioenergy status of a plant. Studies have indicated that abiotic stresses emerging from climate changes cause changes in the biological processes of plants and damage the internal struct...
In this experiment, wheat plants were exposed to drought stress during seed development and then ... more In this experiment, wheat plants were exposed to drought stress during seed development and then we worked on the obtained seeds. The seed mitochondrial ultra-structure, and antioxidant enzymes in seedling were investigated after exposure to seed accelerated ageing. Drought stress during seed development induced some changes in mitochondrial ultra-structure. Encountering seed development to drought stress decreased antioxidant enzymes activity but increased H2O2 in the seedling. Seed accelerated ageing declined antioxidant enzyme activity but increased malondialdehyde. Also, mitochondrial ultra-structure showed heavy damage after accelerated ageing. Most damages in mitochondrial ultra-structure were observed in the seeds obtained from drought-stressed plants then exposed to accelerated ageing. A swollen form of mitochondria with less crista was observed in the seeds that were exposed to accelerated ageing. Damage to mitochondria may be the main cause for seed ageing. However, the ac...
The present work was carried out to reveal the effects of late-season drought stress on the seed ... more The present work was carried out to reveal the effects of late-season drought stress on the seed antioxidant potential and deterioration. In the field, two irrigation regimes were applied (control and late-season drought). Produced seeds were subjected to accelerated ageing (40 ± 2°C, 100% RH for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) and then a standard germination test. Seed germination was decreased by drought. Accelerated ageing decreased germination of seeds from both control and drought-stressed plants. Late-season drought, increased seed deterioration susceptibility according to malondialdehyde content and electrical conductivity tests. There was a negative correlation between germination and electrical conductivity as well as malondialdehyde content. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities decreased continuously with increasing ageing period. However, accelerated ageing increased the monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase. Activities of peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and APX were higher in the seeds from drought-stressed plants than in the control ones. Ascorbate / dehydroascorbate and reduced glutathione / oxidised glutathione ratios was decreased by the late-season drought. Total ascorbate was lower in the seeds from control plants than stressed ones. All accelerated ageing levels except 24 hours, increased total ascorbate in the drought-stressed seeds. Total glutathione content had a negative trend with increase in the duration of accelerated ageing. The results suggest a relationship between seed deterioration in seeds from both control and drought-stressed plants with a decrease in important reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes (except peroxidase) and an increase in lipid peroxidation.
This study attempted to examine the effect of seed priming using plant growth regulators and vita... more This study attempted to examine the effect of seed priming using plant growth regulators and vitamin C on the physiological traits of non-aged and aged seeds of wheat and their obtained seedlings. Accelerated aging (AA) method (40°C, RH=100% for 72h) was used for aging seeds. The seeds were pre-treated by gibberellin (GA), salicylic acid (SA), brassinosteroid (BR), and ascorbic acid (AS). Some seed traits such as germination and electric conductivity (EC) and seedling traits such as malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activity of some antioxidant enzymes, soluble protein content (SP), soluble sugar (SS), and proline were measured seven days after germination. The results showed that accelerated aging of seeds reduces the germination percentage and speed, increases soluble sugar, and reduces soluble protein, activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the seedling. Pre-treatment of the aged seed by GA had the maximum positive impact on seed germination a...
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